Shell structure of battery, single battery, battery module and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a shell structure of a battery, a single battery, a battery module and a battery pack, and aims to solve the problems that an existing battery shell generally has more structural parts and is relatively high in manufacturing cost. The shell structure comprises an insulation sealing ring, a first conductive area and a second conductive area, the first conductive area and the second conductive area are connected with the insulation sealing ring, the insulation sealing ring isolates the first conductive area and the second conductive area, and the first conductive area, the second conductive area and the insulation sealing ring define a containing cavity; the first conductive area comprises a first protruding part facing the containing cavity, the second conductive area comprises a second protruding part facing the containing cavity, and the first conductive area and the first protruding part are of an integrally-formed structure; the second conductive area and the second protruding part are of an integrally-formed structure, and the first protruding part and the second protruding part are both made of conductive materials. The first lug boss is used for being connected with one electrode of a battery cell of the battery, and the second lug boss is used for being connected with the other electrode of the battery cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery shell structure, a single cell, a battery module and a battery pack. Background Art

[0002] At present, the shell structure of commercial batteries has many structural parts and the manufacturing cost is high. Among them, the existing battery shell usually includes a top cover and a bottom shell. The pole, explosion-proof valve and injection hole are usually arranged on the top cover. Therefore, the cost of the top cover accounts for a large proportion of the total cost of the battery shell. Moreover, the structure with the top cover and the bottom shell designed separately will increase the initial manufacturing cost of the battery. First, one end of the busbar is welded to the pole ear of the battery cell, and the other end of the busbar is welded to the pole of the top cover. Then, the top cover and the bottom shell are welded together. The process of multiple welding will significantly increase the cost of the battery manufacturing process. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present application discloses a battery shell structure, a single cell, a battery module and a battery pack to solve the problem that the existing battery shell usually has many structural parts and high manufacturing cost.

[0004] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a battery shell structure, which includes an insulating sealing ring, a first conductive area and a second conductive area connected to the insulating sealing ring, the insulating sealing ring isolates the first conductive area and the second conductive area, and the first conductive area, the second conductive area and the insulating sealing ring are arranged to form a accommodating cavity; the first conductive area includes a first protrusion facing the accommodating cavity, the second conductive area includes a second protrusion facing the accommodating cavity, and the first conductive area and the first protrusion are an integrally formed structure; the second conductive area and the second protrusion are an integrally formed structure, and the first protrusion and the second protrusion are both conductive materials; the first protrusion is used to electrically connect to one electrode of a battery cell, and the second protrusion is used to electrically connect to another electrode of the battery cell.

[0006] Furthermore, the shell structure includes a first surface and a second surface that are arranged opposite to each other, the first protrusion is arranged on the first surface, and the second protrusion is arranged on the second surface.

[0007] Furthermore, the first protrusion and the second protrusion are arranged on the same surface of the outer shell structure.

[0008] Further, the first protrusion is a protrusion structure formed by extending the first conductive area along the direction toward the accommodating cavity, and the second protrusion is a protrusion structure formed by extending the second conductive area along the direction toward the accommodating cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, the insulating sealing ring includes a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring, the first sealing ring is connected to the edge of the first conductive area close to the second conductive area, the second sealing ring is connected to the edge of the second conductive area close to the first conductive area, and the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring are sealed.

[0010] Furthermore, the insulating sealing ring is an annular sealing structure, and the annular sealing structure is bonded to the first conductive area and the second conductive area respectively.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present application provides a single battery, which includes a battery cell and a first shell for accommodating the battery cell, and the first shell adopts the shell structure of the first aspect.

[0012] Furthermore, the battery cell comprises a first pole tab and a second pole tab, the first protrusion is welded to the first pole tab, and the second protrusion is welded to the second pole tab.

[0013] In a third aspect, the present application provides a battery module, which includes at least two battery cells and a second shell for accommodating the battery cells, and the second shell adopts the shell structure of the first aspect.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a battery pack comprising at least two battery cells and a third housing for accommodating the battery cells, wherein the battery cells comprise single cells according to the second aspect, and / or the battery cells comprise a battery module according to the third aspect; any two adjacent battery cells are in electrical contact.

[0015] The battery shell structure, single cell, battery module and battery pack provided by the present application, wherein the first protrusion is electrically connected to one electrode of the battery cell, and the second protrusion is electrically connected to another electrode of the battery cell. Compared with the existing battery shell structure, the first conductive area and the first protrusion are an integrally formed structure, and the second conductive area and the second protrusion are an integrally formed structure. The first protrusion and the second protrusion are equivalent to the pole and the busbar in the existing battery, which can reduce the use of the busbar and reduce the number of structural parts. In addition, when two or more single cells including the shell structure of the above structure form a battery module, the first conductive area and the second conductive area of ​​the shell structure of any two adjacent single cells are bonded, or the first conductive area and the first conductive area of ​​the shell structure of any two adjacent single cells are bonded, or the second conductive area and the second conductive area of ​​the shell structure of any two adjacent single cells are bonded, so that the electrical connection of the two adjacent single cells can be achieved, without welding, easy to disassemble and assemble, simplifying the process steps and reducing the manufacturing cost; and the first conductive area and the second conductive area are large in area, which can significantly reduce the local current density and reduce the heat generation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1A cross-sectional view of a housing structure of an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a housing structure of another embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a housing structure of another embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a single cell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a single cell according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Reference numerals: 100-housing structure; 110-insulating sealing ring; 111-first sealing ring; 112-second sealing ring; 120-first conductive area; 121-first protrusion; 130-second conductive area; 131-second protrusion; 200-battery cell; 300-monocell; 310-first housing; 400-battery module; 410-second housing; 500-battery pack; 510-third housing;

[0025] 10-accommodating chamber; 01-liquid injection hole; 02-explosion-proof valve; 03-first surface; 04-second surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] The existing battery case usually includes a top cover and a bottom case, and the pole is often set on the top cover, and the pole is connected to the battery cell through a busbar. Specifically, one end of the busbar is welded to the pole ear of the battery cell, and the other end of the busbar is welded to the pole. After the battery cell and the pole are assembled, the top cover and the bottom case are welded. Therefore, in the existing battery case assembly process, many parts are required, and the multiple welding processes will significantly increase the manufacturing cost of the battery.

[0028] In view of this, a battery housing structure is provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a housing structure of an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the housing structure of another embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The shell structure 100 includes an insulating sealing ring 110, a first conductive area 120 and a second conductive area 130 connected to the insulating sealing ring 110, the insulating sealing ring 110 isolates the first conductive area 120 and the second conductive area 130, and the first conductive area 120, the second conductive area 130 and the insulating sealing ring 110 are arranged to form a receiving cavity 10; the first conductive area 120 includes a first protrusion 121 facing the receiving cavity 10, the second conductive area 130 includes a second protrusion 131 facing the receiving cavity 10, and the first conductive area 120 and the first protrusion 121 are an integrally formed structure; the second conductive area 130 and the second protrusion 131 are an integrally formed structure, and the first protrusion 121 and the second protrusion 131 are both made of conductive materials; the first protrusion 121 is used to electrically connect to one electrode of the battery cell, and the second protrusion 131 is used to electrically connect to the other electrode of the battery cell.

[0029] The battery cell includes two tabs, which are respectively connected to two electrodes. The first protrusion can be directly connected to one tab of the battery cell, or can be connected by welding or other methods, and the second protrusion can be directly connected to the other tab of the battery cell, or can be connected by welding or other methods. Compared with existing batteries, the battery housing in the present application does not need to be provided with a busbar, and the first protrusion and the first conductive area are an integrally formed structure, and the second protrusion and the second conductive area are an integrally formed structure, which can effectively reduce the number of structural parts, reduce welding points, and reduce the number of welding times, thereby simplifying the process steps of battery assembly and reducing manufacturing costs.

[0030] The positions of the first conductive area and the second conductive area are not limited in this application, as long as they are isolated by an insulating seal ring. The material of the first conductive area, the second conductive area, the first protrusion and the second protrusion includes at least one of aluminum, nickel, steel or iron.

[0031] Reference Figure 1, the first protrusion 121 and the second protrusion 131 are arranged on the same surface of the shell structure 100. Correspondingly, the two tabs of the battery cell are located at the same end of the battery cell. Wherein, the shell structure 100 is a polyhedron, and the same surface can be any surface of the polyhedron. For example, the shell structure 100 is a cuboid, and the cuboid has six surfaces. The injection hole 01 and the explosion-proof valve 02 can be arranged on any surface of the cuboid, and the two can be on the same surface, or on two adjacent or opposite surfaces.

[0032] It is understood that the present application does not limit the shape of the battery housing structure. The housing structure in the present application can be as follows: Figure 1 The square battery case shown may also be a cylindrical battery case or a battery case of other shapes.

[0033] Continue to refer to Figure 1 In the embodiment of the present application, the housing structure 100 is provided with a liquid injection hole 01 and an explosion-proof valve 02, wherein the liquid injection hole 01 and the explosion-proof valve 02 can be provided on the same surface of the housing structure 100 or on different surfaces. Figure 1 As shown, when the first protrusion 121 and the second protrusion 131 are disposed on the same surface of the housing structure 100, the injection hole 01 and the explosion-proof valve 02 can be disposed on the surface opposite to the surface where the first protrusion 121 and the second protrusion 131 are located, so as to improve the safety of the battery. Figure 2 As shown, if the area of ​​the insulating sealing ring 110 is large enough, the injection hole 01 and the explosion-proof valve 02 can also be arranged on the insulating sealing ring 110 to ensure the safety of the injection hole 01 and the explosion-proof valve 02, thereby improving the safety of the battery.

[0034] You can continue to refer to Figure 2 The housing structure 100 includes a first surface 03 and a second surface 04 that are arranged opposite to each other, a first protrusion 121 is arranged on the first surface 03, and a second protrusion 131 is arranged on the second surface 04. Correspondingly, one tab of the battery cell is located at one end of the battery cell, and the other tab of the battery cell is located at the other end of the battery cell.

[0035] Therefore, whether the first protrusion and the second protrusion are located on the same surface of the shell structure or on different surfaces, and their specific positions need to match the positions of the tabs of the battery cell to be assembled.

[0036] In addition, the first protrusion may be a protrusion structure formed by the first conductive area extending in the direction toward the accommodating cavity, and the second protrusion may be a protrusion structure formed by the second conductive area extending in the direction toward the accommodating cavity. The first conductive area extends in the direction toward the accommodating cavity to form the first protrusion, and the second conductive area extends in the direction toward the accommodating cavity to form the second protrusion, which is more conducive to integrated molding, simpler production process, and lower production cost.

[0037] The first protrusion and the second protrusion may be in the shape of a sheet, a column, a pyramid, etc. The specific shapes of the two are not limited in the present application, as long as they can achieve electrical connection with the battery cell.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the insulating seal ring includes but is not limited to rubber, polypropylene, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene or polycarbonate. The material used to prepare the insulating seal ring needs to have high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and high mechanical strength.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a housing structure of another embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 3 The insulating sealing ring 110 includes a first sealing ring 111 and a second sealing ring 112. The first sealing ring 111 is connected to the edge of the first conductive area 120 close to the second conductive area 130, and the second sealing ring 112 is connected to the edge of the second conductive area 130 close to the first conductive area 120. The first sealing ring 111 and the second sealing ring 112 are sealed and connected to each other, so that the first conductive area 120, the second conductive area 130, the first sealing ring 111 and the second sealing ring 112 are surrounded to form a closed accommodating cavity 10. The connection method of the first sealing ring 111 and the second sealing ring 112 can be welding, bonding, plastic heat sealing, etc., as long as the two can be insulated and sealed.

[0040] At this time, the injection hole 01 can be arranged on the first sealing ring 111 or the second sealing ring 112, and the explosion-proof valve 02 can also be arranged on the first sealing ring 111 or the second sealing ring 112 to ensure the safety of the injection hole 01 and the explosion-proof valve 02, thereby improving the safety of the battery.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present application, the number of insulating sealing rings is one, and the insulating sealing ring is an annular sealing structure, and the insulating sealing ring is a sealant, that is, the first conductive area and the second conductive area are respectively bonded to the annular sealing structure to achieve a sealed and insulated connection, which has a simple structure and effectively reduces the assembly cost.

[0042] Optionally, the first conductive area and the second conductive area may be completely identical half-shell structures, which is easy to manufacture. The open ends of the two half-shell structures can be directly connected in an insulated and sealed manner to form a closed accommodating cavity.

[0043] Based on the same concept, the present application embodiment provides a single cell. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single cell according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single cell according to another embodiment of the present application, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5The single battery 300 includes a battery cell 200 and a first shell 310 for accommodating the battery cell 200. The first shell 310 adopts the shell structure 100 in various possible embodiments of the present application. Therefore, when two or more single batteries 300 form a battery module, the first conductive area 120 and the second conductive area 130 of the shell structure 100 of any two adjacent single batteries 300 are bonded together, or the first conductive area 120 and the first conductive area 120 of the shell structure 100 of any two adjacent single batteries 300 are bonded together, or the second conductive area 130 and the second conductive area 130 of the shell structure 100 of any two adjacent single batteries 300 are bonded together to achieve electrical connection of the two adjacent single batteries 300, without welding, avoiding the influence of welding on battery performance, and convenient disassembly and assembly. In addition, the area of ​​the first conductive area 120 and the second conductive area 130 is much larger than the pole of the existing battery, so that the local current density can be significantly reduced and the heat generation can be reduced.

[0044] The single cell 300 in the embodiment of the present application may be a solid-state battery or a liquid battery. The structure of the battery cell 200 does not need to be modified, and the electrodes of the existing battery cell 200 are electrically connected to the outer shell structure 100 through the tabs. Specifically, the battery cell 200 includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a first tab and a second tab, the first tab is connected to the first electrode, the second tab is connected to the second electrode, and exemplarily, the end of the first tab away from the first electrode is welded to the first protrusion, and the end of the second tab away from the second electrode is welded to the second protrusion; exemplarily, the end of the first tab away from the first electrode is in contact with the first protrusion and is electrically connected, and the end of the second tab away from the second electrode is in contact with the second protrusion and is electrically connected.

[0045] Based on the same concept, the present application provides a battery module. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 The battery module 400 includes at least two battery cells 200 and a second shell 410 for accommodating the battery cells 200. The second shell 410 adopts the shell structure 100 in various possible embodiments of the present application. Therefore, the battery module 400 in the embodiment of the present application also has a battery shell that realizes electrical connection through contact, and also has the advantages of simple structure and easy disassembly and assembly.

[0046] Based on the same concept, the present application provides a battery pack, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 and Figure 8The battery pack 500 includes at least two battery cells and a third housing 510 for accommodating the battery cells, wherein the third housing 510 can be a housing structure of an existing battery, and mainly plays a role in protecting the battery cells. The battery cells can be single cells 300 or battery modules 400.

[0047] Because the single cell 300 or the battery module 400 includes the shell structure 100 in various possible embodiments of the present application, the first conductive area 120 and the second conductive area 130 of the shell structure 100 of any two adjacent battery cells are bonded together, or the first conductive area 120 and the first conductive area 120 of the shell structure 100 of any two adjacent battery cells are bonded together, or the second conductive area 130 and the second conductive area 130 of the shell structure 100 of any two adjacent battery cells are bonded together, both of which can realize electrical connection of the two adjacent battery cells without welding, and facilitate disassembly and assembly, simplify the process steps and reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0048] The battery shell structure, single cell, battery module and battery pack in the present application are described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] Embodiment 1 is a battery housing structure, a single cell including the housing structure, and a battery pack. Figure 2 The shell structure 100 includes an insulating seal ring 110, a first conductive area 120 and a second conductive area 130 connected to the insulating seal ring 110, and the insulating seal ring 110 isolates the first conductive area 120 and the second conductive area 130; the material of the first conductive area 120 and the second conductive area 130 is aluminum, and the material of the insulating seal ring 110 is polyvinyl chloride (PVC) glue. The first conductive area 120 includes a first protrusion 121 facing the accommodating cavity 10, and the second conductive area 130 includes a second protrusion 131 facing the accommodating cavity 10. The first conductive area 120 and the first protrusion 121 are an integrally formed structure; the second conductive area 130 and the second protrusion 131 are an integrally formed structure, and the first protrusion 121 and the second protrusion 131 are both aluminum sheets, and the first protrusion 121 and the second protrusion 131 are arranged on two opposite surfaces of the shell structure 100. Among them, the insulating seal ring 110 is provided with a liquid injection hole 01 and an explosion-proof valve 02.

[0051] Reference Figure 5The single battery 300 includes a battery cell 200 and a first shell 310, the first shell 310 is the above-mentioned shell structure 100, the first conductive area 120 is provided with a first protrusion 121, the second conductive area 130 is provided with a second protrusion 131, the first protrusion 121 and the second protrusion 131 are arranged opposite to each other, the battery cell 200 includes a first pole ear and a second pole ear (not shown in the figure), the first protrusion 121 and the first pole ear are welded and connected, and the second protrusion 131 and the second pole ear are welded and connected.

[0052] Reference Figure 8 The battery pack 500 includes a third shell 510 and four single cells 300 arranged inside the third shell 510. The third shell 510 has the above-mentioned shell structure 100. Two adjacent single cells 300 are electrically connected through contact connection. It should be noted that the third shell 510 can be the shell structure of an existing battery.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] Embodiment 2 is a battery shell structure, a single cell including the shell structure, and a battery pack. Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 The difference between the shell structure 100, the single cell 300 and the battery pack 500 and the shell structure 100, the single cell 300 and the battery pack 500 in Example 1 is that the first protrusion 121 and the second protrusion 131 are arranged on the same surface of the shell structure 100, rather than on two opposite surfaces in Example 1. The rest can refer to the description in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0055] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the embodiments of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A battery housing structure, characterized in that: It comprises an insulating sealing ring, a first conductive area and a second conductive area connected to the insulating sealing ring, the insulating sealing ring isolates the first conductive area and the second conductive area, and the first conductive area, the second conductive area and the insulating sealing ring are surrounded to form a receiving cavity; The first conductive area includes a first protrusion facing the accommodating cavity, the second conductive area includes a second protrusion facing the accommodating cavity, the first conductive area and the first protrusion are an integrally formed structure; the second conductive area and the second protrusion are an integrally formed structure, and the first protrusion and the second protrusion are both made of conductive materials; The first protrusion is used to be electrically connected to one electrode of the battery cell, and the second protrusion is used to be electrically connected to the other electrode of the battery cell.

2. The housing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing structure includes a first surface and a second surface that are oppositely disposed, the first protrusion is disposed on the first surface, and the second protrusion is disposed on the second surface.

3. The housing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first protrusion and the second protrusion are arranged on the same surface of the shell structure.

4. The housing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first protrusion is a protrusion structure formed by the first conductive area extending in a direction toward the accommodating cavity, and the second protrusion is a protrusion structure formed by the second conductive area extending in a direction toward the accommodating cavity.

5. The housing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The insulating sealing ring includes a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring, the first sealing ring is connected to the edge of the first conductive area close to the second conductive area, the second sealing ring is connected to the edge of the second conductive area close to the first conductive area, and the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring are sealed.

6. The housing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The insulating sealing ring is an annular sealing structure, and the annular sealing structure is bonded to the first conductive area and the second conductive area respectively.

7. A single cell battery, characterized in that: It comprises a battery core and a first shell for accommodating the battery core, wherein the first shell adopts the shell structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The single cell according to claim 7, characterized in that: The battery cell comprises a first pole tab and a second pole tab, the first protrusion is welded to the first pole tab, and the second protrusion is welded to the second pole tab.

9. A battery module, characterized in that: The battery module comprises at least two battery cells and a second shell for accommodating the battery cells, and the second shell adopts the shell structure as described in any one of claims 1-6.

10. A battery pack, characterized in that: The battery pack comprises at least two battery cells and a third housing for accommodating the battery cells, wherein the battery cells comprise the single battery cells according to claim 7 or 8, and / or the battery cells comprise the battery module according to claim 9; Any two adjacent battery cells are in electrical contact.

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