Intervertebral disc reamer

Abstract

The utility model discloses an intervertebral disc reamer, which relates to the technical field of medical devices; in order to solve the problem that the existing intervertebral disc reamer cannot quickly and completely scrape the upper and lower end plates, the following technical scheme is proposed: it includes a handle, a rod and a blade connected in sequence, the rod includes an inner rod and an outer rod; the blade includes a first blade and a second blade arranged at the front end of the outer rod, the first blade has a plurality of first cutting edges, the second blade has a cutting tool, the cutting tool has a plurality of second cutting edges located in a plane parallel to the rod and perpendicular to the axial direction of the rod, and the cutting tool has a state of extending from the second blade in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the rod and a state of retracting into the second blade based on the movement of the inner rod. The intervertebral disc reamer of the utility model significantly improves the refinement, accuracy, safety and ease of operation of the surgery by integrating the functions of multi-layer cutting, rotational flexibility, precise sliding guide, adjustable telescopicity and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to an intervertebral disc reamer. Background Art

[0002] Due to long-term trauma, disease, degenerative lesions, or wear and tear, people often suffer from damage or displacement of intervertebral discs and / or vertebral bodies. Displacement or damage of intervertebral discs or vertebral bodies may lead to chronic back pain and affect the quality of life. Currently, wear and tear or lesions related to intervertebral discs or vertebral bodies can be treated by minimally invasive spinal surgery (e.g., intervertebral disc fusion, etc.), which specifically requires partial or complete removal of the intervertebral disc and placement of an implant in the cavity formed at the site where the intervertebral disc is removed to help maintain spinal height and / or restore spinal stability, wherein, in the process of forming the cavity, a reamer is usually required to clean the upper and lower end plates.

[0003] At present, there are many types of intervertebral disc reamers, and the common ones include circular hollow scrapers and hollow intervertebral disc reamers. The circular hollow scraper includes two "T"-shaped blades at the head end. Since a stable fulcrum can be formed, the force is stable and the scraping effect is good. However, due to the small blade, large-scale rapid scraping cannot be achieved. In addition, due to the "T"-shaped head, its diameter is larger than that of the hollow intervertebral disc reamer, and the opening during surgery is larger, which affects the patient's later recovery. The head of the hollow intervertebral disc reamer is a hollow rectangle, and the four long sides of the rectangle are all set as cutting edges. It can achieve large-scale rapid scraping, but due to the irregular shapes of the upper and lower end plates, and the hollow intervertebral disc reamer has no effective fulcrum, it is difficult to scrape the irregular positions on the upper and lower end plates. It can be seen that a reamer that can quickly and comprehensively scrape the upper and lower end plates is needed.

[0004] The Chinese utility model with the announcement number CN 219323462 U discloses a reamer suitable for minimally invasive spinal fusion surgery, including a handle, a blade head and an adjustment mechanism. A handle is provided at one end of the handle, a through hole is provided at the handle, and a slide groove is symmetrically provided at the outer wall of the other end of the handle; the blade head includes two blades of the same structure. The blade spacing of the reamer is adjustable, which facilitates the reamer to enter a narrow surgical channel, but the reamer has a T-shaped head, so the surgical opening is relatively large. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide an intervertebral disc reamer to solve the problem that the existing intervertebral disc reamer cannot quickly and completely scrape the upper and lower end plates.

[0006] The technical solution of the utility model to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0007] An intervertebral disc reamer comprises a handle, a rod and a blade connected in sequence, wherein the rod comprises an outer rod fixedly connected to the handle and an inner rod movably arranged in the outer rod;

[0008] The blade portion includes a first blade portion arranged at the front end of the outer rod and a second blade portion arranged at the front end of the inner rod, the first blade portion has a plurality of first cutting edges parallel to the axial direction of the rod portion, the second blade portion has a cutting tool perpendicular to the axial direction of the rod portion, the cutting tool has a plurality of second cutting edges located in a plane parallel to the rod portion and perpendicular to the axial direction of the rod portion, and the cutting tool has a state of extending from the second blade portion in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the rod portion and a state of retracting into the second blade portion based on the movement of the inner rod.

[0009] By designing the blade to be able to extend and retract in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the rod, the surgeon can accurately control the exposure of the second blade according to actual needs, thereby achieving fine cutting and processing of the intervertebral disc during the operation, thereby improving the safety and accuracy of the operation.

[0010] Preferably, the second blade portion also includes an upper fixed plate, a rotating assembly and a lower fixed plate, the upper fixed plate and the lower fixed plate are fixedly connected by pins, the cutting tool is arranged between the upper fixed plate and the lower fixed plate, and the two ends of the rotating assembly are respectively connected to the inner rod and the cutting tool.

[0011] Preferably, the rotating assembly includes a rotating arm and a bearing, a convex column is arranged at the front end of the inner rod, a through hole is arranged on the cutting tool, the rotating arm is connected to the convex column, and the bearing is arranged in the through hole.

[0012] The connection method between the rotating arm, the inner rod and the cutting tool allows the cutting tool to remain stable while rotating, increasing flexibility during the operation and enabling doctors to better adapt to cutting needs at different angles and depths.

[0013] Preferably, an upper plate slide rail is provided at the bottom of the upper fixed plate, a lower plate slide rail is provided at the top of the lower fixed plate, and slide grooves are provided at the top and bottom of the cutting tool respectively, and the upper plate slide rail and the lower plate slide rail cooperate with the slide grooves respectively.

[0014] Preferably, the upper plate slide rail and the lower plate slide rail have a plurality of discontinuities.

[0015] Preferably, a handle slide groove is provided on the handle, and an adjustment mechanism is provided in the handle slide groove, and the adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the extension and retraction degree of the cutting tool.

[0016] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting portion sleeved on the rear end of the inner rod and a locking portion for locking the adjusting portion.

[0017] Preferably, the adjusting portion comprises a plurality of ridges arranged along the circumferential direction, and the locking portion locks the adjusting portion by being inserted into gaps between the plurality of ridges.

[0018] Preferably, the inner rod comprises a front rod and a rear rod, and the diameter of the front rod is smaller than the diameter of the rear rod.

[0019] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The intervertebral disc reamer provided by the utility model has a head end provided with four long side cutting edges of a hollow intervertebral disc reamer and a "T"-shaped cutting edge of a circular hollow scraper. The four long side cutting edges can scrape the upper and lower end plates in a wide range. The "T"-shaped cutting edge has a telescopic function. On the one hand, there is no need to enlarge the surgical opening to adapt to the diameter of the "T"-shaped cutting edge, which can reduce the pain of the patient. On the other hand, the "T"-shaped cutting edge with adjustable diameter can better adapt to upper and lower end plates with irregular shapes, and can scrape all positions of the upper and lower end plates cleanly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is the overall structure diagram of the intervertebral disc reamer;

[0022] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the intervertebral disc reamer;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0024] Figure 4 This is the locking state diagram of the adjustment mechanism;

[0025] Figure 5 Open the state diagram for the regulating mechanism;

[0026] Figures 1 to 5 The reference numerals shown in the figure represent respectively: 1-rod; 11-outer rod; 12-inner rod; 121-rear rod; 1211-boss; 122-front rod; 2-handle; 21-handle slide; 3-blade; 31-first blade; 32-second blade; 321-upper fixed plate; 3211-upper plate; 3212-side plate; 3213-upper plate slide rail; 3214-upper plate pin hole; 322-rotating arm; 323-bearing; 324-blade; 3241-blade edge; 3242-slide; 3243-through hole; 325-lower fixed plate; 3251-lower plate slide rail; 3252-lower plate pin hole; 326-pin; 4-adjustment mechanism; 41-adjustment part; 42-locking part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solution of the utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1-2 The utility model provides an intervertebral disc reamer to solve the problem that the existing intervertebral disc reamer cannot quickly and completely scrape the upper and lower end plates. The head end of the reamer is simultaneously provided with four long side cutting edges of a hollow intervertebral disc reamer and a "T"-shaped blade of a circular hollow scraper, wherein the "T"-shaped blade is configured to be retractable. On the one hand, there is no need to enlarge the surgical opening to adapt to the diameter of the "T"-shaped blade, which can reduce the patient's pain. On the other hand, the "T"-shaped blade with adjustable diameter can better adapt to upper and lower end plates with irregular shapes, and can scrape all positions of the upper and lower end plates.

[0029] Specifically, the intervertebral disc reamer is composed of three main parts: a rod 1, a handle 2 and a blade 3. The handle 2 provides a gripping interface for the operator, and is connected to the rod 1. The rod 1 includes an outer rod 11 and a movable inner rod 12. The combination design of the inner and outer rods provides a basis for the dynamic adjustment of the blade.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The first blade 31 is located at the front end of the outer rod 11 and is equipped with multiple first blades parallel to the axis of the rod, which is suitable for preliminary cutting or positioning. The second blade 32 is located at the front end of the inner rod 12. Its core is a cutting tool 324. The cutting tool 324 is provided with multiple second blades 3241 perpendicular to the axis of the rod. It can be accurately extended or retracted in the vertical direction of the rod 1 according to surgical requirements, thereby improving surgical flexibility and accuracy. The second blade 32 integrates an upper fixed plate 321, a lower fixed plate 325 and a rotating assembly (including a rotating arm 322 and a bearing 323). The pin 326 firmly connects the upper and lower fixed plates and supports the rotation and telescopic movement of the cutting tool 324. The rotating arm 322 is connected to the boss 1211 at the front end of the inner rod 12, and the bearing 323 is embedded in the through hole 3243 of the cutting tool 324, so that the cutting tool 324 can accurately control the telescopic state as the inner rod 12 moves, wherein the boss 1211, the rotating arm 322 and the cutting tool 324 form an eccentric connecting rod structure.

[0031] In addition, the inner rod 12 includes a front rod 122 and a rear rod 121, and the diameter of the front rod 122 is smaller than the diameter of the rear rod 121. Therefore, after the inner rod 12 is combined with the outer rod 11, although the front rod 122 is located in the hollow of the first blade portion 31 of the outer rod 11, the endoscope can still be placed in the hollow position to observe the situation of the surgical site. In order to reduce friction, the upper plate slide rail 3213 and the lower plate slide rail 3251 include multiple gaps; because the two slide rails and the slide groove 3242 cooperate to limit the two cutting tools 324, therefore, by rotating the inner rod 12, the rotating arm 322 can push the two cutting tools 324 to extend and retract in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the inner rod 12.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 2The handle 2 is provided with a handle slot 21 at the side end, and an adjustment mechanism 4 for adjusting the extension degree of the second blade 32 is provided in the handle slot 21. The adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment part 41 and a locking part 42. The adjustment part 41 is specifically a cylinder with a through center, and a circle of ridges are evenly arranged on its side. The locking part 42 is an elliptical handle with a friction surface. A card plate that cooperates with the handle slot 21 is provided on the side of the handle. When locking is required, the card plate is inserted into the ridge of the adjustment part 41. The rear end of the inner rod 12 extends into the handle 2 and then inserts into the center of the adjustment part 41. The adjustment part 41 is turned to drive the inner rod 12 to rotate; the handle 2 is provided with a handle slot 21 along the axial direction of the handle at the rear end of the adjustment part 41. The card plate of the locking part 42 is arranged in the handle slot 21, and it can be inserted into the ridges of the adjustment part along the handle slot 21 to prevent the adjustment part 41 from rotating.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 4-5 When in use, first rotate the adjusting portion 41 to retract the second blade portion 32 into the upper fixing plate 321 and the lower fixing plate 325, and lock the adjusting portion 41 through the locking portion 42 to avoid unnecessary damage when the reamer is inserted into the target intervertebral disc; after reaching the target position, the first blade portion 31 can be used to scrape the upper and lower end plates on a large scale, and then the adjusting portion 41 can be rotated to rotate the second blade portion 32 out to scrape the end plates that the first blade portion 31 cannot reach. In addition, since the rotation length of the second blade portion 32 is adjustable, compared with the scraper with a fixed "T"-shaped blade in the background technology, it can reach a wider position and can better adapt to the irregular shapes of the upper and lower end plates, so it can scrape more cleanly. Overall, the scraper of this embodiment can quickly and comprehensively scrape the upper and lower end plates.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intervertebral disc reamer, characterized in that: include: A handle (2), a rod (1) and a blade (3) connected in sequence, wherein the rod (1) comprises an outer rod (11) fixedly connected to the handle (2) and an inner rod (12) movably arranged in the outer rod (11); The blade portion (3) comprises a first blade portion (31) arranged at the front end of the outer rod (11) and a second blade portion (32) arranged at the front end of the inner rod (12); the first blade portion (31) has a plurality of first cutting edges parallel to the axial direction of the rod portion (1); the second blade portion (32) has a blade (324) perpendicular to the axial direction of the rod portion (1); the blade (324) has a plurality of second cutting edges (3241) located in a plane parallel to the rod portion (1) and perpendicular to the axial direction of the rod portion (1); the blade (324) has a state of extending from the second blade portion (32) in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the rod portion (1) and a state of retracting into the second blade portion (32) based on the movement of the inner rod (12).

2. The intervertebral disc reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second blade portion (32) further comprises an upper fixed plate (321), a rotating assembly and a lower fixed plate (325); the upper fixed plate (321) and the lower fixed plate (325) are fixedly connected via a pin (326); a cutting tool (324) is arranged between the upper fixed plate (321) and the lower fixed plate (325); and two ends of the rotating assembly are respectively connected to the inner rod (12) and the cutting tool (324).

3. The intervertebral disc reamer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating assembly comprises a rotating arm (322) and a bearing (323); a convex column (1211) is arranged at the front end of the inner rod (12); a through hole (3243) is arranged on the cutting tool (324); the rotating arm (322) is connected to the convex column (1211); and the bearing (323) is arranged in the through hole (3243).

4. The intervertebral disc reamer according to claim 2, characterized in that: An upper plate slide rail (3213) is provided at the bottom of the upper fixed plate (321), a lower plate slide rail (3251) is provided at the top of the lower fixed plate (325), and slide grooves (3242) are provided at the top and bottom of the cutting tool (324), respectively. The upper plate slide rail (3213) and the lower plate slide rail (3251) cooperate with the slide grooves (3242) respectively.

5. The intervertebral disc reamer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper plate slide rail (3213) and the lower plate slide rail (3251) have a plurality of discontinuities.

6. The intervertebral disc reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The handle (2) is provided with a handle slide groove (21), and an adjustment mechanism (4) is provided in the handle slide groove (21). The adjustment mechanism (4) is used to adjust the extension degree of the cutting tool (324).

7. The intervertebral disc reamer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjusting mechanism (4) comprises an adjusting portion (41) sleeved on the rear end of the inner rod (12) and a locking portion (42) used for locking the adjusting portion (41).

8. The intervertebral disc reamer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adjusting portion (41) comprises a plurality of convex ridges arranged along the circumferential direction, and the locking portion (42) locks the adjusting portion (41) by being inserted into the gaps between the plurality of convex ridges.

9. The intervertebral disc reamer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The inner rod (12) comprises a front rod (122) and a rear rod (121), and the diameter of the front rod (122) is smaller than the diameter of the rear rod (121).

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