Dams including ecological flow outfall structures
By setting up an ecological flow discharge structure, including pipelines and control rooms, the problem of unreasonable ecological flow discharge in the existing technology is solved, precise control and monitoring of ecological flow is achieved, and project cost and construction interference is reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421483985.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-08
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-26
AI Technical Summary
In the development of existing small and medium-sized water diversion hydropower projects in mountainous rivers, there is a lack of ecological flow discharge facilities or unreasonable arrangement of facilities, resulting in ecological flow discharge not meeting the requirements.
A dam including an ecological flow downflow structure is designed, which is set in the non-overflow dam section on the side of the gate hole dam section in the middle of the dam body, including the pipeline inlet section, buried pipe section, control room, pipeline outlet section, open channel section and water well, and is accurately controlled through the valve group and flowmeter.
It realizes accurate discharge and monitoring of ecological flow, meets the discharge demand of ecological flow of dams, saves engineering cost, reduces construction interference, and facilitates installation and maintenance.
Smart Images
Figure CN222730474U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of reservoir discharge, in particular to a dam comprising an ecological flow discharge structure. Background Art
[0002] Ecological flow refers to the minimum amount of water required to maintain the ecological environment in the water flow area downstream of the dam and the ecological balance of downstream organisms. In addition, the downstream river may also have water requirements such as industrial water, agricultural irrigation and drinking water, collectively referred to as "three ecological flows".
[0003] With the increasing requirements for ecological protection and environmental protection, strict requirements are put forward for ecological flow management during the development of hydropower projects.
[0004] The existing development of small and medium-sized water diversion hydropower projects on mountain rivers has the problem of lack of ecological flow discharge facilities or unreasonable layout of discharge facilities, or the ecological flow discharge does not meet the requirements. Utility Model Content
[0005] The content of this utility model is used to introduce the concepts in a brief form, which will be described in detail in the detailed implementation section below. The content of this disclosure is not intended to identify the key features or essential features of the technical solution claimed for protection, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the technical solution claimed for protection.
[0006] The utility model provides a dam including an ecological flow discharge structure to solve the technical problems mentioned in the above background technology part.
[0007] The utility model of the dam including the ecological flow discharge structure comprises a dam body and an ecological flow discharge structure arranged in a non-overflow dam section on one side of the gate hole dam section in the middle of the dam body, wherein:
[0008] The ecological flow discharge structure includes a pipeline inlet section, a buried pipe section, a control room, a pipeline outlet section, an open channel section and a sinkhole which are connected in sequence;
[0009] One end of the pipeline inlet section facing upstream extends out from the upstream vertical plane of the dam body;
[0010] The control room is provided with a valve group and a flow meter for controlling and collecting the downstream flow;
[0011] The walls on both sides of the open channel section are formed by the flood discharge gate guide wall and the slope retaining wall;
[0012] The open channel section is connected with a drainage ditch, and the drainage ditch is arranged at the foot of the slope on the downstream side of the dam body to collect rainwater from the slope support.
[0013] Optionally, the pipeline inlet section includes a pipe opening, a gradient section and a flange connected in sequence, and the flange is connected to the buried pipe section.
[0014] Optionally, dirt-blocking grille bars are provided in the pipe opening.
[0015] Optionally, the pipeline in the buried pipe section is connected to the flange, and the pipeline is sleeved with multiple water stop rings; and multiple auxiliary support frames are arranged at the bottom of the pipeline.
[0016] Optionally, the valve group includes a butterfly valve and a cone valve; and the flow meter is an electromagnetic flow meter.
[0017] Optionally, a photovoltaic panel for powering the flow meter is laid on the top of the control room.
[0018] Optionally, a pier is provided at the bottom of the pipeline in the control room.
[0019] Optionally, the pipeline outlet section is provided with an elbow pointing to the open channel section.
[0020] Optionally, the flood gate guide wall and the slope retaining wall are cast as a whole, and protective railings and protective nets are provided on the flood gate guide wall and the slope retaining wall.
[0021] Optionally, the ecological flow discharge structure also includes a concealed water outlet connected to the downspout, and the concealed water outlet is also connected to the slope protection tank.
[0022] The above-mentioned embodiments of the utility model have the following beneficial effects: through some embodiments of the utility model, the dam including the ecological flow discharge structure can not only meet the discharge of the dam ecological flow, but also monitor the ecological flow and realize the continuous storage and transmission of ecological flow data, which meets the requirements of the environmental protection department and is also convenient for downstream stakeholders to monitor the ecological flow in real time and trace the data.
[0023] Specifically, the ecological flow discharge structure is set in the non-overflow dam section on one side of the gate hole dam section in the middle of the dam body. Compared with the gate pier set in the middle of the dam body, it shortens the pipeline length, saves engineering costs, and reduces construction interference, making the installation and maintenance of the ecological flow discharge structure more convenient and safer. In addition, it also solves the technical problem of the limited width of the gate pier making it inconvenient to set up a control room.
[0024] Furthermore, by installing valve groups and flow meters in the control room, the ecological flow can be accurately controlled, achieving the dual functions of saving water resources and protecting the ecology.
[0025] Finally, the setting of the open channel section can reduce the length of the pipeline of the ecological flow, thereby reducing the head loss in the pipe. The walls on both sides of the open channel section are formed by the flood discharge gate guide wall and the slope retaining wall, which can greatly reduce the amount of engineering and engineering costs. The drainage ditch connected to the open channel section can flow the rainwater collected by the slope support to the open channel section through the drainage ditch, and discharge it to the river together with the ecological flow. The versatility of the open channel section is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a dam including an ecological flow discharge structure of the utility model;
[0028] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the ecological flow discharge structure of the utility model;
[0029] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the ecological flow discharge structure of the utility model.
[0030] Description of reference numerals:
[0031] 1: dam body; 2: buried pipe section; 3: flange; 4: gradient section; 5: pipe mouth; 6: water stop ring; 7: control room; 8: butterfly valve; 9: conical valve; 10: electromagnetic flowmeter; 11: photovoltaic panel; 12: pipeline outlet section; 13: open channel section; 14: flood discharge gate guide wall; 15: slope retaining wall; 16: guardrail; 17: downhole; 18: buried water outlet; 19: drainage ditch; 20: auxiliary support frame; 21: pier; 22: slope support; 23: slope protection tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] The technical solution of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
[0034] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. In addition, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0035] The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.
[0036] First see Figure 1 , Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dam including an ecological flow discharge structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 1 As shown, the dam including the ecological flow discharge structure can be a reinforced concrete sluice dam or a gravity dam. A single or multi-hole overflow gate hole is set in the middle of the dam body 1, and the two sides of the dam body 1 are preferably reinforced concrete non-overflow dam sections, which are cast in layers using conventional methods. The slope support 22 is the slope protection after the excavation of the slope of the dam body 1, and preferably uses a hanging mesh anchor spraying support to prevent the slope from collapsing and rainwater erosion.
[0037] Based on the principles of reducing construction interference, facilitating installation, and ensuring convenient and safe subsequent operation and management, the above-mentioned ecological flow discharge structure is set in the non-overflow dam section on one side of the above-mentioned middle sluice dam section.
[0038] See next Figure 2 And continue to read Figure 1 , Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the ecological flow discharge structure of the utility model. Figure 2As shown, the above ecological flow discharge structure may include a pipeline inlet section, a buried pipe section 2, a control room 7, a pipeline outlet section 12, an open channel section 13 and a sinkhole 17 which are connected in sequence.
[0039] The left end of the above pipeline inlet section ( Figure 2 The pipe inlet section is trumpet-shaped and includes a pipe mouth 5, a gradient section 4 and a flange 3 connected in sequence. Trash screen bars can be set in the pipe mouth 5 to block the driftwood, branches, weeds and other solid debris carried by the water flow to avoid pipe blockage. The above-mentioned pipe inlet section can extend 50cm from the upstream vertical surface of the dam body 1. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments according to actual conditions. During installation, the flange 3, the gradient section 4 and the pipe mouth 5 are pre-installed as a whole, and then connected to the buried pipe section 2 through the flange 3.
[0040] The pipeline of buried pipe section 2 can be cast and buried inside the dam body 1, adjacent to the middle gate hole dam section. Figure 2 Two water stop rings 6 with an interval of 20 cm are welded in the pipeline ring 30 cm away from the upstream vertical surface of the dam body 1. The water stop ring 6 can be made of a steel plate with a thickness of 3 mm and a radial width of 25 cm. The pipeline of the buried pipe section 2 and the two water stop rings 6 are cast in the concrete of the dam body 1 to ensure that it is dense and has no cavity, and to prevent the formation of leakage channels along the pipe wall. It should be noted that the specifications and quantity of the above-mentioned water stop rings 6 are not unique, and those skilled in the art can adjust them according to actual conditions.
[0041] According to the size of the downstream ecological flow (2m3 / s), normal water storage level, pipeline layout length and water flow resistance, the pipeline installation elevation and pipeline diameter of buried pipe section 2 are determined through hydraulic calculation.
[0042] When the lower layer of concrete is poured to a height of 50 cm from the bottom elevation of the pipeline installation of the buried pipe section 2, the auxiliary support frame 20 is first installed on the concrete surface using ф25 steel bars, and the auxiliary support frame 20 is set at an axial spacing of 1.2 m along the pipeline of the buried pipe section 2. The ф25 steel bars are anchored 50 cm into the lower layer of concrete to ensure the stability of the auxiliary support frame 20, and the pipeline of the buried pipe section 2 is installed on the auxiliary support frame 20.
[0043] When pouring the concrete of the dam body 1 on the downstream side of the buried pipe section 2, the foundation platform of the control room 7 is poured at the same time, and finally the reinforced concrete pier 21 is poured on the foundation platform. A valve group and a flow meter are arranged on the pipeline in the control room 7 to control and collect the downstream flow. The above-mentioned valve group can be an electric and / or manual butterfly valve 8 and a cone valve 9. The above-mentioned flow meter can be an electromagnetic flow meter 10. Those skilled in the art can choose according to actual conditions. In order to facilitate the hoisting and installation of the equipment in the control room 7, it is preferred that the butterfly valve 8, cone valve 9, electromagnetic flow meter 10 and pipeline connection in the control room 7 are completed before the construction of the house outside the control room 7 is carried out. Furthermore, a set of photovoltaic panels 11 is installed on the roof of the control room 7 building to continuously provide energy-saving and environmentally friendly green power for the electromagnetic flow meter 10 or the electric valve group.
[0044] A pipeline outlet section 12 is connected outside the control room 7 , and the water outlet of the pipeline outlet section 12 is made into a 120° elbow shape so that the water flow is concentrated into the open channel section 13 .
[0045] It should be noted that the buried pipe section 2 and the pipes in the control room 7 can be made of seamless steel pipes, which are treated with anti-corrosion before installation to increase the service life of the pipes and improve the reliability of the ecological flow discharge structure.
[0046] See next Figure 3 And continue to read Figure 1 , Figure 3 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the ecological flow discharge structure of the utility model. Figure 3 and Figure 1 As shown, a drainage ditch 19 is set at the foot of the slope on the downstream side of the dam body 1 in the control room 7 area. Rainwater collected on the slope support 22 in the rainy season is collected in the open channel section 13 through the drainage ditch 19 and discharged into the river together with the raw flow.
[0047] From the perspective of neat and beautiful wall and functional coordination of the flood discharge gate guide wall 14, a water well 17 connected to the open channel section 13 and a buried water outlet 18 connected to the water well 17 are arranged at the rear of the open channel section 13, and the buried water outlet 18 is also connected to the slope apron of the dam body 1. The downstream ecological flow is collected into the slope apron 23 and the river channel through the water well 17 and the buried water outlet 18.
[0048] By combining the flood discharge gate guide wall 14 and the slope retaining wall 15 and casting them as a whole, the walls on both sides of the open channel section 13 are formed, which saves engineering workload, reduces engineering cost and shortens construction period.
[0049] Protective railings 16 and protective nets are arranged around the walls on both sides of the open channel section 13 and the downspout 17 to ensure the safety of the operating personnel.
[0050] The preferred open channel section 13 and the sinkhole section 17 of the present invention combine the functions of "ecological water diversion", "dam slope drainage", "guide wall and retaining wall" to achieve "one channel for multiple uses". By combining the flood discharge gate guide wall 14 with the slope retaining wall 15 and casting them as a whole, the engineering workload is saved, the engineering cost is reduced, and the construction period is shortened.
[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the utility model.
Claims
1. A dam including an ecological flow discharge structure, characterized in that: It includes a dam body and an ecological flow discharge structure arranged in a non-overflow dam section on one side of the gate hole dam section in the middle of the dam body, wherein: The ecological flow discharge structure includes a pipeline inlet section, a buried pipe section, a control room, a pipeline outlet section, an open channel section and a sinkhole which are connected in sequence; One end of the pipeline inlet section facing upstream extends out from the upstream vertical plane of the dam body; The control room is provided with a valve group and a flow meter for controlling and collecting the downstream flow; The walls on both sides of the open channel section are formed by the flood discharge gate guide wall and the slope retaining wall; The open channel section is connected with a drainage ditch, and the drainage ditch is arranged at the foot of the slope on the downstream side of the dam body to collect rainwater from the slope support.
2. The dam including the ecological flow discharge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline inlet section comprises a pipe opening, a gradient section and a flange which are connected in sequence, and the flange is connected to the buried pipe section.
3. The dam including the ecological flow discharge structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Trash-blocking grille bars are arranged in the pipe opening.
4. The dam including the ecological flow discharge structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pipeline in the buried pipe section is connected to the flange, and a plurality of water stop rings are arranged on the pipeline; and a plurality of auxiliary support frames are arranged at the bottom of the pipeline.
5. The dam including the ecological flow discharge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve group includes a butterfly valve and a cone valve; the flow meter is an electromagnetic flow meter.
6. The dam including the ecological flow discharge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A photovoltaic panel for supplying power to the flow meter is laid on the top of the control room.
7. The dam including the ecological flow discharge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buttress is arranged at the bottom of the pipeline in the control room.
8. The dam including the ecological flow discharge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline outlet section is provided with an elbow pointing to the open channel section.
9. The dam including the ecological flow discharge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide wall of the flood discharge gate and the side slope retaining wall are integrally cast, and protective railings and protective nets are arranged on the guide wall of the flood discharge gate and the side slope retaining wall.
10. The dam including the ecological flow discharge structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological flow discharge structure also includes a concealed water outlet connected to the downspout, and the concealed water outlet is also connected to the slope protection tank.