Ecological transformation structure of marine new energy engineering pile foundation

Abstract

The utility model relates to a marine new energy engineering pile foundation ecological transformation structure which provides a sheltering place for marine organisms and improves biological diversity. The method is suitable for the technical field of marine ecological protection and restoration. According to the technical scheme, the multi-hole type artificial fish reef comprises a biological inhabiting plate, a multi-hole type biological reef body and an artificial fish reef body which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The biological inhabiting plate is arranged on the pile foundation in a sleeving mode and provided with a plurality of flow guide holes which penetrate through the upper surface and the lower surface and are of various hole diameters, and the outer edge of the biological inhabiting plate is bound with large algae through binding bands so that an algae field can be formed around the pile foundation; the porous biological reef is fixed on the outer wall of the pile foundation, the interior of the porous biological reef is of a hollow structure, and through holes with various apertures are formed in the surface of the porous biological reef for marine organisms to enter and exit and flow guide is achieved; the artificial fish reefs are stacked around the bottom of the pile foundation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of marine ecological protection and restoration, and in particular to an ecological transformation structure of pile foundations of marine new energy projects. Background Art

[0002] The coastal ecosystem is located at the intersection of the ocean and urban land. Under the influence of tidal hydrological conditions, it has evolved into a spatial sequence of ecosystems such as salt marsh wetlands, light beaches, and nearshore low-tide waters, as well as a highly diverse coastal biological community. The long-term construction of multiple coastal projects has promoted the economic and social development of coastal areas, but it has also had a certain impact on the local marine ecological environment, such as reduced tidal volume, changes in coastal topography, and deterioration of coastal water quality. At the same time, coastal development has caused some marine organisms to lose their living space, causing them to lose their spawning and feeding grounds, resulting in a decline in marine biodiversity and a lack of links in the marine food chain.

[0003] As my country vigorously promotes the development of renewable energy resources, the installed capacity of new energy has grown rapidly. Compared with the development of new energy on land, the development of new energy at sea has obvious advantages in terms of resources and power generation efficiency, and has broader development prospects. However, the large-scale and intensive development of new energy resources at sea will inevitably have an impact on the marine ecological environment. How to strengthen the ecological protection and restoration of the ocean is an important issue facing the current ecological construction. At present, the ecological restoration of marine new energy projects is dominated by ecological restoration measures such as reproduction and release to carry out ecological compensation for the surrounding sea areas to make up for the ecological losses caused by the construction of offshore new energy projects and mitigate the adverse effects on the fishery resources of the sea area during the construction and operation periods. Up to now, in the marine environment near the marine new energy projects, the protection and restoration of the marine ecology has not been given enough attention, and there are general defects in ecological transformation.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an ecological transformation method that combines marine engineering construction with ecological environmental protection, creates a variety of different marine habitats, provides a place for marine life to survive, rejuvenates and conserves marine life, repairs the problem of offshore marine life degradation, and protects and improves marine biodiversity. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and provide an ecological transformation structure of pile foundations for marine new energy projects, thereby providing a shelter for marine organisms and improving biodiversity.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0007] The ecological transformation structure of the pile foundation of the marine new energy project includes a biological habitat plate, a porous biological reef and an artificial fish reef arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the biological habitat plate is sleeved on the pile foundation, and is provided with a plurality of diversion holes with various apertures penetrating the upper and lower surfaces, and the outer edge of the biological habitat plate is tied with large seaweeds by binding belts to form a seaweed field around the pile foundation; the porous biological reef is fixed to the outer wall of the pile foundation, and its interior is a hollow structure, and through holes with various apertures are opened on the surface for marine organisms to enter and exit and realize diversion; the artificial fish reef is stacked around the bottom of the pile foundation.

[0008] In a further technical solution, the biological habitat plate is formed by splicing two halves, each half is a semi-circular flat plate structure, and after splicing, the diameter of the inner hole of the biological habitat plate is adapted to the outer diameter of the pile foundation.

[0009] In a further technical solution, the biological habitat board is provided with multiple layers, and a certain distance is maintained between adjacent biological habitat boards to provide habitat space for marine life.

[0010] In a further technical solution, the guide holes are regularly arranged in a plurality of circles on the biological habitat plate.

[0011] In a further technical solution, the porous bioherm is a spherical monomer with a hollow interior, or a spherical structure with a hollow interior formed by splicing at least two spherical hollow monomers.

[0012] In a further technical solution, the artificial fish reef is a multi-layer structure, which is formed by stacking a plurality of frame-type monomers, and the overall structure is high in the middle and low around.

[0013] In a further technical solution, the porous bio-reef is an artificial fish reef with shellfish shells embedded on its surface.

[0014] In a further technical solution, the surface of the pile foundation is coated with a bacterial agent and an agent that promotes the growth of marine bacteria to form a biofilm to inhibit other types of microorganisms in seawater from corroding the metal surface.

[0015] Further technical solutions also include setting up fences around the ecological restoration area.

[0016] Another technical solution of the utility model is: a method for ecological transformation of pile foundations of marine new energy projects, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1. Cultivation: placing the monomers of the artificial fish reef and porous bio-reef of the modified structure in a laboratory or offshore aquaculture area for cultivation, and after the shellfish larvae or algae spores on the surface of each monomer have germinated, the reef is taken out and transported to the ecological restoration area;

[0018] S2. Release: Before the breeding season of shellfish, algae and fish eggs, the cultivated mature reefs will be released and installed in the designated restoration pile foundations and ecological restoration areas.

[0019] S3. Set up nets around the ecological restoration area and release local economic marine biological seedlings.

[0020] The utility model has the following beneficial effects: The utility model can effectively increase the complexity of the ecological environment and enhance the flow field effect by ecologically transforming the main surface of the pile foundation of the marine new energy project. After completion, red algae, brown algae, and oysters grow on the surface of artificial fish reefs, biological reefs, and biological habitats, which can provide shade and shelter for marine organisms and increase biomass and biodiversity. Artificial biological reefs and seaweed fields can effectively improve the water quality near the project area, accelerate the accumulation and circulation of organic matter, and improve the carbon fixation capacity of the ocean. Bacterial agents and agents that promote the growth of marine bacteria are applied to the surface of the pile foundation to form a biofilm to inhibit microbial corrosion of metal surfaces in seawater. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the transformation structure provided by an embodiment of the utility model, in which the blocking net is omitted.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a plan view of a biological habitat plate provided by an embodiment of the utility model.

[0023] Figure numerals: artificial fish reef 1, porous biological reef 2, biological habitat plate 3, discarded oyster shell 4, binding band 5, diversion hole 6, pile foundation 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable ordinary technicians in the field to more clearly understand the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the utility model, the utility model is further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the utility model is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", "front end", "rear end", "two ends", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 This embodiment provides an ecological transformation structure of a pile foundation for a marine new energy project, which mainly includes a biological habitat plate 3, a porous biological reef 2, and an artificial fish reef 1 from top to bottom, all of which are located below the normal water level.

[0027] In this embodiment, the surface of the pile foundation 7 is coated with a bacterial agent and an agent that promotes the growth of marine bacteria to form a biofilm to inhibit other types of microorganisms in seawater from corroding the metal surface. The selected promoting microbial species is a common marine bacterium, Alteromonas macleodii. During the growth process, the strain will secrete extracellular polymers, which are adsorbed on the metal surface of the pile foundation 7 to slow down corrosion. The main components of the agent that promotes the growth of marine bacteria are a composite culture medium of beef extract and peptone. Compared with a single culture medium, the composite culture medium will promote the strain to secrete and release more extracellular polymers.

[0028] In this embodiment, the entire ecological restoration area is surrounded by nets, and local economic fish, shrimp, shellfish and other marine life seedlings are released within the net range to promote the reproduction of fish and other marine life and avoid enemies.

[0029] In this embodiment, the artificial fish reef 1 is composed of a plurality of individual reef bodies in a cube frame structure stacked in several layers along the bottom of the pile foundation 7. The discarded oyster shells 4 are embedded on the surface of the individual reef bodies, which can effectively increase the amount of biological attachment to the reef bodies. The overall trend of the artificial fish reef 1 is high in the middle and low around.

[0030] In this embodiment, the porous biological reef 2 can be a spherical monomer structure with a hollow interior. The porous biological reef 2 can also be a spherical structure formed by splicing two or more monomers, each of which is a hollow spherical structure (for example, two hemispheres spliced ​​together to form a sphere). The surface of the porous biological reef 2 is provided with through holes of different diameters, and the through holes are connected to the hollow area inside to enhance the permeability of the reef body, facilitate the entry and exit of marine life such as fish, realize the function of providing shelter for marine life, and also reduce the impact of waves on the biological reef and produce a diversion effect. The discarded oyster shells 4 are embedded in the surface of the porous biological reef 2. Obviously, the discarded oyster shells 4 mentioned above can also be replaced with other shellfish shells suitable for the application scenario.

[0031] In this embodiment, the surface of the porous bio-reef 2 has through holes of different apertures, which can meet the needs of different types of marine life for shelter, foraging, reproduction, etc. The surface is inlaid with discarded oyster shells 4 to increase the roughness, providing more habitats for marine life.

[0032] In this embodiment, the biological habitat plate 3 is in the shape of a ring, and is formed by splicing two halves, each of which is a semi-circular flat plate structure. The two halves are spliced ​​and assembled to the surface of the pile foundation 7. After splicing, the diameter of the inner hole of the biological habitat plate 3 is adapted to the outer diameter of the pile foundation 7. Each biological habitat plate 3 is provided with a plurality of guide holes 6 with various apertures that penetrate the upper and lower surfaces. The arrangement of the guide holes 6 is determined according to the actual scene, such as Figure 2In the scene shown, the diversion holes 6 are regularly arranged in two circles on the biological habitat board 3. The distance between adjacent biological habitat boards 3 should not be too close. It is recommended to construct multi-layer biological habitat boards 3. The biological habitat boards 3 not only play the role of increasing the biological habitat, but also provide more living and breeding space for the organisms with their multi-layer levels, and can also play the role of diversion. Figure 1 As shown, the outer edge of the top biological habitat plate 3 is tied and fixed with the roots of large seaweeds with a strap 5 (such as a hemp rope) to form a seaweed field. The seaweed species are selected from one or two large algae groups, and common local dominant species such as Sargassum and Kelp are recommended. Figure 1 Medium and large seaweeds are omitted.

[0033] This embodiment also provides a method for ecological transformation of marine new energy engineering pile foundations, including the following steps:

[0034] S1. Cultivation: The artificial fish reefs and porous bio-reefs with the above-mentioned modified structures are placed in laboratories or offshore aquaculture areas for cultivation. The discarded oyster shells embedded on the surface are conducive to biological attachment. After the shellfish larvae or algae spores on the surface of each monomer have been planted, the reef is removed and transported to the ecological restoration area;

[0035] S2. Release: Before the breeding season of shellfish, algae and fish eggs, the cultivated mature reefs will be released and installed in the designated restoration pile foundations and ecological restoration areas.

[0036] S3. Set up nets around the ecological restoration area and release seedlings of local economic fish, shrimp, shellfish and other marine organisms.

[0037] In this embodiment, the artificial reef 1 creates a habitat for the growth and reproduction of coastal marine organisms such as fish, which can not only improve the level of marine biodiversity, but also facilitate the attachment of marine organisms and microorganisms such as shellfish and seaweed. The porous bioreef 2 effectively increases the complexity of the habitat by increasing the configuration design of the coastal marine organism habitat space. Combined with the artificial reef 1 below, it can create a variety of simulated natural habitats for marine organisms, which large fish cannot enter, thereby providing protection and shelter for young fish, shrimp and shellfish. The oyster shell 4 has a high surface roughness and can provide a good attachment base for attached organisms, giving full play to the carbon fixation capacity. The top upper biological habitat plate 3 forms a seaweed field, which is directly or indirectly used by aquatic plants and animals, increasing the biodiversity of the marine ecosystem. This embodiment realizes a complete food chain from primitive unicellular algae to high-trophic fish, breaking the previous ecological compensation single restoration strategy of proliferation and release, and by creating a suitable environment for marine organisms such as microorganisms, algae, benthic organisms, fish, shrimp and shellfish, the function of blue carbon sink is exerted to meet the needs of protecting the marine environment and sustainable development. In addition, bacterial agents and agents that promote the growth of marine bacteria are applied to the surface of the pile foundation to form a biofilm to inhibit other types of microorganisms in seawater from corroding the metal surface.

[0038] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The ecological transformation structure of pile foundation of marine new energy engineering is characterized by: The invention comprises a biological habitat plate (3), a porous biological reef (2) and an artificial fish reef (1) arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the biological habitat plate (3) is sleeved on a pile foundation (7) and is provided with a plurality of diversion holes (6) penetrating the upper and lower surfaces and having various apertures; large seaweeds are tied to the outer edge of the biological habitat plate (3) by means of a binding belt (5) so as to form a seaweed field around the pile foundation (7); the porous biological reef (2) is fixed to the outer wall of the pile foundation (7) and has a hollow structure inside, and is provided with through holes of various apertures on the surface for marine organisms to enter and exit and realize diversion; the artificial fish reef (1) is stacked around the bottom of the pile foundation (7).

2. The ecological transformation structure of pile foundation of marine new energy engineering according to claim 1 is characterized by: The biological habitat plate (3) is formed by splicing two halves, each half presenting a semi-circular flat plate structure, and after splicing, the diameter of the inner hole of the biological habitat plate (3) is adapted to the outer diameter of the pile foundation (7).

3. The ecological transformation structure of pile foundation of marine new energy engineering according to claim 1 is characterized by: The biological habitat panels (3) are provided with multiple layers, and a certain distance is maintained between adjacent biological habitat panels (3) so as to provide habitat space for marine organisms.

4. The ecological transformation structure of pile foundation of marine new energy engineering according to claim 1 is characterized by: The guide holes (6) are regularly arranged in a plurality of circles on the biological habitat plate (3).

5. The ecological transformation structure of marine new energy engineering pile foundation according to claim 1 is characterized by: The porous bioherm (2) is a spherical monomer with a hollow interior, or a spherical structure with a hollow interior formed by splicing at least two spherical hollow monomers.

6. The ecological transformation structure of marine new energy engineering pile foundation according to claim 1 is characterized by: The artificial fish reef (1) is a multi-layer structure, formed by stacking a plurality of frame-type monomers, and is generally high in the middle and low around.

7. The ecological transformation structure of marine new energy engineering pile foundation according to claim 1 is characterized by: The porous bioreef (2) is an artificial fish reef (1) whose surface is inlaid with shellfish shells.

8. The ecological transformation structure of pile foundation for marine new energy engineering according to claim 1 is characterized by: The surface of the pile foundation (7) is coated with a bacterial agent and an agent that promotes the growth of marine bacteria to form a biofilm to inhibit microorganisms in seawater from corroding the metal surface.

9. The ecological transformation structure of marine new energy engineering pile foundation according to claim 1 is characterized by: It also includes fences set up around the ecological restoration area.

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