Agricultural multifunctional seeder

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and discloses an agricultural multifunctional seeder which is characterized in that a ditching mold, a fertilizer spreading device, a soil turning mold, a ploughing harrow, a seeding device, a spraying device and a plate harrow are connected to the tail part of a tractor; the solid compound fertilizer is uniformly sprayed to the soil through the spraying device, so that the absorption efficiency of the fertilizer is improved; a ploughing harrow is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer spreading device through a rigid piece for ditching, and a suitable growth environment is created for seeds; the seeding device is arranged behind the fertilizer spreading device, so that the fertilizer utilization rate is increased; the plate harrow is arranged at the bottom behind the seeding device to ensure that seeds are in close contact with soil; the seeder can respectively perform fertilizer spreading, furrowing, seeding, soil burying and pesticide spraying on soil, and can accurately, uniformly and quantitatively spread seeds and fertilizer into the soil, so that healthy development of the seeds is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to a multifunctional agricultural seeder. Background Art

[0002] With the strong support of national policies and modern agriculture, the development of agricultural technology has shown a rapid improvement. One of the core driving forces of agricultural modernization is large-scale crop planting. Scaling not only means the expansion of planting area, but more importantly, through intensive management, scientific and technological application and resource integration, the close connection and optimization and upgrading of various links of agricultural production have been achieved.

[0003] With the widespread promotion of large-scale crop planting, there is an urgent need for a multifunctional modern agricultural tool for large-scale planting that can cover the entire intelligent operation process from land preparation, sowing, management to harvesting. Combining large-scale crop planting with new functional agricultural tools can not only greatly improve the level of automation and intelligence in agricultural production, but also promote the efficient use of agricultural resources and environmental protection, opening up a new path for the sustainable development of agriculture.

[0004] Grain cultivation is one of the main contents of agricultural construction. To achieve large-scale cultivation, agricultural machinery and equipment are generally needed. At present, the grain seedling stage requires plowing, fertilizing, sowing, burying soil and other steps, so that the grain seeds and fertilizers can be evenly and quantitatively spread in the soil.

[0005] For example, a composite seeder (CN114698439B) includes a controller and a tractor, a frame, a seeding system, a fertilizer system and a spraying system connected to the controller. The direct seeding of seeds is achieved through the composite operation of the seeding system, the fertilizer system and the spraying system. However, the seeder does not have a uniform adjustment device in the seeding system and the fertilizer system, which easily leads to uneven sowing and fertilization amounts per unit time, thereby causing uneven seedling emergence. At the same time, its furrowing structure has the characteristics of low efficiency and many faults. It is impossible to carry out tasks such as plowing, fertilizing, burying soil, plowing, sowing, spraying pesticides and / or burying soil. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model provides an agricultural multifunctional seeder to overcome the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] The agricultural multifunctional seeder of the utility model is suitable for farmland with a relatively large area on a plain or a gentle slope, and can be used for crops such as rice, corn, soybean, etc. that require precise sowing.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0009] A multifunctional agricultural seeder comprises: a tractor, a frame, a fertilizer spreading device, a plurality of plowing harrows, a sowing device, a spraying device and a plate harrow;

[0010] The frame is connected to the rear of the tractor through a lifting mechanism and is used to support the fertilizer spreading device and the seeding device;

[0011] An automatic balancing device is also provided between the frame and the lifting mechanism, for maintaining the height balance of the frame;

[0012] A trenching mold is provided at the bottom of the frame for trenching farmland;

[0013] The fertilizer spreading device is connected to the frame and is used for spraying fertilizer;

[0014] A fertilizer guide plate is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer spreading device to guide the fertilizer into the ditch;

[0015] The bottom of the frame is also provided with a soil turning mold for burying the seeds in the ditch;

[0016] The plowing harrow is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer spreading device through a rigid member and is used to dig trenches on the soil for spreading fertilizer;

[0017] The sowing device is arranged at the rear of the fertilizer spreading device and is used for spraying seeds;

[0018] A seed guide plate is provided at the bottom of the sowing device for guiding the seeds into the ditch;

[0019] The plate rake is arranged at the rear of the sowing device and is used to bury the seeds in the soil;

[0020] The spraying device is arranged at the rear of the sowing device and is used for spraying the pesticide.

[0021] Preferably, the bottom of the frame is connected to a trenching mold through a supporting sub-frame, and the trenching mold is an automatic parallel slide trenching mold for supporting the seeder, and the supporting trenching slide mold raises or lowers the supporting seeder through the buoyancy force generated by the forward movement of the tractor to achieve automatic balance;

[0022] During work, the marks left by the skateboard trenching mold become fertilizer grooves. Because the fertilizer is buried deep in the soil and sealed with mud, fertilizer loss is less. All fertilizers before 50 days of seedling age are applied at one time during sowing. This can effectively reduce the need for secondary and tertiary fertilization after the seedlings emerge, greatly reducing labor input costs and reducing the management difficulty of large-scale intensive production.

[0023] Preferably, the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting hydraulic device and a support rod, and the tractor is “three-point connected” to the frame via the lifting hydraulic device and the support rod.

[0024] Preferably, the support rod of the lifting mechanism can be movably connected to the automatic balancing device, and the lifting and lowering movement of the support rod can reduce the bumping of the auxiliary frame during working and transportation, thereby maintaining the height balance of the frame.

[0025] Preferably, the spraying device is used for spraying herbicides.

[0026] Preferably, the rigid parts include steel bars, alloy columns, metal columns, etc.

[0027] Furthermore, the fertilizer spreading device includes a fertilizer spreading box, a spraying device and a storage box; a groove is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer spreading box, the spraying device is arranged in the groove at the bottom of the fertilizer spreading box, and the storage box is arranged on the top of the fertilizer spreading box and is used to supply the spraying device.

[0028] Preferably, the fertilizer spreading device is used to spray solid fertilizers such as compound fertilizers and organic fertilizers.

[0029] Preferably, a guide plate is further provided in front of the spraying outlet of the spraying device, and the guide plate is used to guide part of the solid fertilizer sprayed out by the spraying device to the rear of the spraying outlet of the spraying device.

[0030] Furthermore, a connecting rod is provided in the spraying device, and the connecting rod is arranged at the bottom of the spraying device, and the plowing harrow is connected to the connecting rod through a rigid part.

[0031] Furthermore, the plowing harrow comprises a gravity block and a plurality of harrow blades, and the bottom of the gravity block is provided with a plurality of harrow blades at intervals.

[0032] Preferably, 5 to 12 rakes are spaced apart at the bottom of the gravity block.

[0033] Preferably, the gravity block is a metal block, which is used to press the rake at the bottom into the farmland to stir and form grooves.

[0034] Preferably, the rake is mounted on the bottom of the metal block by welding.

[0035] Preferably, the plowing harrow is composed of a plurality of gravity blocks and harrow knives which are softly connected through rigid parts and are arranged at intervals.

[0036] Preferably, the plowing harrow can adjust the penetration depth of the harrow blade into the soil.

[0037] Furthermore, the sowing device includes several funnels, intelligent seeding equipment and a screening box for evenly screening the seeds; the funnel is arranged on the top of the screening box through a bracket for evenly discharging the seeds; a leak cover for closing the leak hole is provided at the bottom of the funnel, and the intelligent seeding equipment is connected to several funnels for controlling the opening of the leak cover at the bottom of the funnel.

[0038] Preferably, the leak hole outlet of the funnel is also provided with a diverter plate for transferring seeds.

[0039] Furthermore, a plurality of layers of screens are arranged at staggered intervals in the screening box, and the seeds screened by the funnel are evenly diverted through the diverter plate and fall into the top of the screening box, and the seeds are evenly screened through the screens arranged at staggered intervals inside the screening box.

[0040] Furthermore, the intelligent seeding equipment includes a rotating rod, an abutment block, and a seeding motor; the rotating rod passes through and is fixed to the bottom of the funnel; the seeding motor is connected to the rotating rod through a conveyor belt for synchronous rotation; an abutment block is provided on the rotating rod, and the rotating rod controls the opening of the funnel bottom cover by driving the abutment block to rotate.

[0041] Furthermore, the tractor is provided with a water tank, the water tank is connected to a high-pressure water pump, and the high-pressure water pump is connected to a spraying device through a water pipe.

[0042] Preferably, the water storage tank stores herbicides, which are pressurized by a high-pressure water pump and transferred to the spraying device for spraying.

[0043] Furthermore, the plate rake includes a movable plate and a soil turning assembly for turning the soil, the movable plate can be rotatably arranged at the bottom of the seeding device, and the soil turning assembly is arranged at intervals at the bottom of the movable plate.

[0044] Preferably, the tilling assembly comprises a plurality of rake nails and a triangular plow for digging drainage grooves, the plurality of rake nails are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the movable plate, and the triangular plow is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the movable plate.

[0045] A farming method for an agricultural multifunctional seeder, the farming method comprising:

[0046] The seeder is transported to the farmland where deep tillage work has been completed, and the height of the fertilizer spreading device and the sowing device is controlled by the lifting mechanism, so that the rake blade of the plowing harrow and the tilling component of the plate harrow are sunk into the soil;

[0047] According to the topography of the farmland and specific farming needs, start the spraying device, sowing motor and / or high-pressure water pump, and adjust the operating speed;

[0048] S3: The tractor is turned on to drive the slide plate of the furrowing mold, the fertilizer spreading device, the soil turning mold, the plowing harrow, the sowing device, the spraying device and the plate harrow to perform plowing, furrowing, fertilizer spreading, soil burying, plowing, sowing, spraying and / or soil burying according to specific farming needs;

[0049] S4: When the tractor turns and slows down, the operating speed of the spraying device, the sowing motor and / or the high-pressure water pump can be reduced, so that the amount of fertilizer spread per unit time, the amount of sowing per unit time and / or the amount of spray water per unit time can be reduced, so as to achieve the purpose of uniform planting;

[0050] S5: When the tractor is moving straight and accelerating, the operating speed of the spraying device, the sowing motor and / or the high-pressure water pump can be increased, so that the amount of fertilizer spread per unit time, the amount of sowing per unit time and / or the amount of spray water per unit time are increased, so as to achieve the purpose of uniform planting;

[0051] S6: After the farmland work is finished, the plow harrow and the plate harrow are raised by the adjustable lifting mechanism, and then the tractor is used to drive out of the farmland.

[0052] Furthermore, the fertilizer spreading device and the seeding device are respectively provided with cameras for monitoring the amount of fertilizer and the amount of seeds, and the cameras are synchronously communicated to the display screen of the tractor.

[0053] Preferably, the tractor is also provided with an operating speed control center for controlling the spraying device, the sowing motor and the high-pressure water pump respectively.

[0054] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the technical solution of the utility model are:

[0055] ① Connecting a multifunctional seeding device to the rear of a tractor can improve the efficiency and accuracy of agricultural production;

[0056] The furrowing mould, fertilizer spreading device, soil turning mould, plowing harrow, sowing device, spraying device and plate harrow are used to plow the land, spread fertilizer, bury the soil, plow the land, sow the seeds, spray the pesticides and / or bury the soil according to the specific farming needs, so as to accurately and evenly and quantitatively spread the seeds and fertilizers in the soil.

[0057] ② Spray the solid compound fertilizer evenly onto the soil through the spraying device to improve the absorption efficiency of the fertilizer;

[0058] The storage box is arranged on the top of the fertilizer spreading box and is used to feed the spraying device in the groove at the bottom of the fertilizer spreading box. A guide plate is also provided at the front end of the spraying device. The amount and distribution of fertilizer can be accurately controlled through the spraying device at the bottom of the storage box. The guide plate can guide part of the solid fertilizer sprayed by the spraying device to the back of the spraying outlet of the spraying device, so as to achieve the purpose of uniform fertilization.

[0059] ③ Connect the plow harrow to the bottom of the fertilizer spreading device through a rigid part to stir the farmland and create a suitable growth environment for the seeds;

[0060] After the fertilizer spreading device spreads fertilizer on the soil, the plow harrow is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer spreading device through a rigid part to dig trenches on the top soil of the fertilizer, which is conducive to sowing seeds on the top of the fertilizer and avoiding direct contact of the fertilizer with the seeds to cause damage.

[0061] ④The sowing device is set at the rear of the fertilizer spreading device to improve fertilizer utilization;

[0062] The sowing device is correspondingly set above the furrows plowed by the plow harrow, so that the seeds fall evenly into the furrows, thereby accurately controlling the depth of the seeds into the soil, improving the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer, avoiding direct contact between the seeds and the fertilizer, and ensuring the healthy development of the seeds.

[0063] ⑤Set the harrow at the bottom of the rear of the sowing device to ensure that the seeds are in close contact with the soil;

[0064] The tractor drives the harrow to cover the surface of the seeds sown in the furrow with soil to ensure close contact between the seeds and the soil, which helps the seeds take root and thus improves the resistance of the crops to lodging.

[0065] Since the length of the rake nails on the plate rake is set at 1.5 cm and the seeds are buried at a depth of 1.5 cm, it can provide an optimal growth space for the seeds to the maximum extent. The scratches made by the rake nails can also loosen the soil and enhance the penetration of oxygen.

[0066] ⑥ Connect the water tank in front of the tractor to the spraying device at the rear of the tractor through a water pipe, and use a high-pressure water pump to generate pressure for the water pipe to quickly spray the herbicide in the water tank through the spraying device to the target sowing area, thereby improving the efficiency of the weeding operation and achieving uniform spraying of the herbicide. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the implementation mode will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation modes of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0068] Figure 1 is a first structural schematic diagram of a seed drill;

[0069] Figure 2 is a second structural schematic diagram of a seed drill;

[0070] Figure 3 It is a side sectional view of the seeder;

[0071] Figure 4 It is an enlarged view of part A;

[0072] Figure 5It is a structural diagram of the cooperation between the funnel and the intelligent seeding equipment;

[0073] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of Example 2;

[0074] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of an automatic balancing device;

[0075] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the furrow slider.

[0076] in,

[0077] 1. Tractor;

[0078] 2. Rack;

[0079] 3. Fertilizer spreading device; 301. Fertilizer spreading box; 302. Spraying device; 303. Storage box;

[0080] 4. Plough harrow; 401. Gravity block; 402. Harrow blade;

[0081] 5. Seeding device; 501. Funnel; 5011. Funnel cover; 502. Intelligent seeding device; 5021. Rotating rod; 5022. Abutment block; 5023. Seeding motor; 5024. Conveyor belt; 5025. Diverter plate; 503. Screening box;

[0082] 6. Spraying device;

[0083] 7. Plate rake; 701. movable plate; 702. soil turning assembly;

[0084] 8. Rigid parts;

[0085] 9. Connecting rod;

[0086] 10. Water storage tank;

[0087] 11. High-pressure water pump;

[0088] 12. Camera;

[0089] 13. Grooving mold;

[0090] 14. Fertilizer deflector

[0091] 15. Soil turning mold;

[0092] 16. Seed guide plate;

[0093] 17. Automatic balancing device;

[0094] 18. Furrow slider;

[0095] 19. Adjustment components;

[0096] 20. Gantry frame;

[0097] 21. Lifting mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0098] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0099] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which this application belongs. "First", "second" and similar words used in this application do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0100] Example 1

[0101] like Figure 1-5 As shown, this embodiment discloses an agricultural multifunctional seeding machine, comprising: a tractor 1, a frame 2, a fertilizer spreading device 3, a plurality of plowing harrows 4, a seeding device 5, a spraying device 6 and a plate harrow 7;

[0102] The frame 2 is connected to the rear of the tractor 1 through a lifting mechanism 21, and is used to support the fertilizer spreading device 3 and the seeding device 5;

[0103] An automatic balancing device 17 is also provided between the frame 2 and the lifting mechanism 21 to maintain the height balance of the frame 2;

[0104] A furrowing mold 13 for furrowing is provided at the bottom of the frame 2, which is used to furrow the farmland;

[0105] The fertilizer spreading device 3 is connected to the frame 2 and is used for spraying fertilizer;

[0106] A fertilizer guide plate 14 is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer spreading device 3 to guide the fertilizer into the ditch;

[0107] A soil turning mold 15 is also provided at the bottom of the frame 2 for burying the seeds in the ditch;

[0108] The plowing harrow 4 is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer spreading device 3 through a rigid member 8 and is used to dig trenches on the soil for spreading fertilizer;

[0109] The sowing device 5 is arranged at the rear of the fertilizer spreading device 3 and is used to spray seeds into the groove;

[0110] A seed guide plate 16 is provided at the bottom of the sowing device 5 to guide the seeds into the ditch;

[0111] The plate rake 7 is arranged at the rear of the sowing device 5 and is used to bury the seeds into the soil;

[0112] The spraying device 6 is arranged at the rear of the sowing device 5 and is used for spraying the pesticide.

[0113] As rural labor force shifts to non-agricultural industries, direct-seeding rice, as a more labor-saving planting method, has to some extent adapted to the current situation of labor shortage and ensured the grain planting area.

[0114] Direct-seeding rice refers to a rice cultivation method in which the rice is sown directly in the field without going through the seedling raising and transplanting processes. The whole process requires many links, among which seedling raising, seedling lifting, seedling transportation, and seedling transplanting are labor-intensive and have high labor costs. The use of mechanical agricultural tools for direct-seeding cultivation can liberate labor, save labor and effort, and meet the needs of large-scale rice production.

[0115] Specifically, a supporting sub-frame is provided at the bottom of the frame 2, which is used to support the automatic parallel slide plate ditching mold of the seeding machine. The supporting slide plate ditching mold supports the sub-frame 2 to lift or lower the sub-machine through the buoyancy generated by the forward movement of the machine, so as to achieve automatic balance. During operation, the traces produced by the forward movement of the slide plate ditching mold become fertilizer grooves. Because the fertilizer is deeply buried in the soil and sealed with mud, the fertilizer loss is small. When sowing, all the fertilizers before 50 days of seedling age are applied at one time, which can reduce the secondary and tertiary fertilizers that need to be applied after the seedlings emerge, greatly reduce the labor input cost, and improve the management difficulty of large-scale intensive production.

[0116] Specifically, a V-shaped directional guide groove is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer guide plate 14 to accurately guide the fertilizer into the groove.

[0117] Specifically, the bottom of the frame 2 is connected to a trenching mold 13 through a supporting sub-frame. The trenching mold 13 is an automatic parallel slide trenching mold for supporting the seed drill. The slide trenching mold 13 uses the buoyancy force generated by the forward movement of the tractor to lift or lower the supporting seed drill to achieve automatic balance.

[0118] During operation, the traces left by the forward movement of the skateboard trenching mold 13 become fertilizer trenches. Because the fertilizer is deeply buried in the soil and sealed with mud, fertilizer loss is reduced. All fertilizers before 50 days of seedling age are applied at one time during sowing, which can effectively reduce the secondary and tertiary fertilization required after the seedlings emerge, greatly reducing the labor input cost and reducing the management difficulty of large-scale intensive production.

[0119] Specifically, the plowing harrow 4 can adjust the depth of the harrow blade 402 into the soil.

[0120] Specifically, the furrowing mold 13, the fertilizer spreading device 3, the soil turning mold 15, the plowing harrow 4, the sowing device 5, the spraying device 6 and the plate harrow 7 are respectively connected to the rear of the tractor 1, and the soil can be plowed, fertilized, buried, plowed, sown, sprayed and / or buried according to specific farming needs, and seeds and fertilizers can be accurately and evenly and quantitatively sown in the soil; the density of fertilizer spreading, the depth of furrow sowing, the density of sowing, the thickness of soil burying and the density of spraying can be adjusted according to different rice needs and soil conditions, so that the rice sowing process can be adjusted in real time, thereby ensuring the healthy development of rice.

[0121] Specifically, the trenching mold 13 trenches the farmland, the V-shaped directional guide groove at the bottom of the fertilizer guide plate 14 synchronously guides the fertilizer in the fertilizer spreading device 3 to the trench plowed by the trenching mold 13, the soil turning mold 15 turns the soil over and covers the fertilizer in the trench, the plow harrow 4 digs a groove on the soil on top of the fertilizer, the seed guide plate 16 synchronously guides the seeds in the sowing device 5 to the groove plowed by the plow harrow 4, and the plate harrow 7 turns the soil over and covers the seeds in the groove.

[0122] As a specific embodiment, the fertilizer spreading device 3 includes a fertilizer spreading box 301, a spraying device 302 and a storage box 303; a groove is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer spreading box 301, the spraying device 302 is arranged in the groove at the bottom of the fertilizer spreading box 301, and the storage box 303 is arranged on the top of the fertilizer spreading box 301 and is used to supply the spraying device 302;

[0123] A connecting rod 9 is also provided in the spraying device 302 . The connecting rod 9 is arranged at the bottom of the spraying device 302 , and the plowing harrow 4 is connected to the connecting rod 9 through a rigid part 8 .

[0124] Specifically, the storage box 303 is arranged on the top of the fertilizer spreading box 301 and is used to feed the spraying device 302 in the groove at the bottom of the fertilizer spreading box 301. The storage box 303 can continuously feed the spraying device 302 in the fertilizer spreading box 301, ensuring that the fertilization operation will not be stopped due to the interruption of fertilizer supply, thereby improving the continuity and efficiency of the operation, and can also accurately control the amount and distribution of fertilizer, so as to better match the specific needs of different rice crops and soils, while also reducing the errors that may be caused by human operation, making the fertilization process more automated and standardized;

[0125] A guide plate is also provided at the front end of the nozzle of the spraying device 302. Through the spraying device 302 at the bottom of the storage box 303, the amount and distribution of fertilizer can be accurately controlled. The guide plate can guide part of the solid fertilizer sprayed by the spraying device 302 to the back of the spraying outlet of the spraying device 302, so as to evenly distribute the fertilizer to the soil through the groove at the bottom of the fertilizer spreading box 301.

[0126] Specifically, a camera 12 is provided on the top of the storage box 303, and the camera 12 is synchronized and communicated to the display screen of the tractor 1.

[0127] The video signal transmitted by the camera 12 is synchronized to the display screen of the tractor 1. The operator can directly monitor the remaining material status, quality status (such as whether there are impurities mixed in), and material flow status of the storage box 303 in the cockpit of the tractor 1, which is convenient for the operator to make corresponding operation decisions (such as adding materials, changing materials, etc.).

[0128] As a specific implementation, the plowing harrow 4 includes a gravity block 401 and a plurality of harrow blades 402 , and a plurality of harrow blades 402 are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the gravity block 401 .

[0129] Specifically, after the fertilizer spreading device spreads fertilizer on the soil, the plow harrow 4 is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer spreading device 3 through the rigid member 8 to dig trenches on the top soil of the fertilizer, which is conducive to sowing seeds on the top of the fertilizer and avoiding direct contact of the fertilizer with the seeds to cause damage.

[0130] Specifically, the gravity block 401 of the plow harrow 4 is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer spreading device 3 through the rigid part 8. After the fertilizer spreading device 3 spreads fertilizer on the soil, the gravity block 401 presses the harrow 402 into the soil through gravity, and the harrow 402 is driven by the power of the tractor 1 to dig trenches, which helps to maintain the temperature and humidity conditions required for seed germination, thereby improving the emergence rate and uniformity of seeds, and meeting the optimal application depth of seeds and fertilizers, which can promote better germination of seeds and reduce seed exposure caused by rain erosion, thereby preventing seeds exposed on the surface from being eroded by wind, sun or being pecked by birds.

[0131] As a specific implementation, the sowing device 5 includes a plurality of funnels 501, an intelligent seeding device 502 and a screening box 503 for uniformly screening seeds; the funnel 501 is arranged on the top of the screening box 503 through a bracket, and is used to uniformly discharge seeds; a leakage cover 5011 for closing the leakage hole is provided at the bottom of the funnel 501, and the intelligent seeding device 502 is connected to the plurality of funnels 501, and is used to control the opening of the leakage cover 5011 at the bottom of the funnel 501;

[0132] The intelligent seed-feeding device 502 includes a rotating rod 5021, an abutment block 5022, and a seeding motor 5023; the rotating rod 5021 passes through and is fixed to the bottom of the funnel 501; the seeding motor 5023 is connected to the rotating rod 5021 through a conveyor belt 5024 for synchronous rotation; an abutment block 5022 is provided on the rotating rod 5021, and the rotating rod 5021 controls the opening of the funnel cover 5011 at the bottom of the funnel 501 by driving the abutment block 5022 to rotate.

[0133] Specifically, the sowing device 5 is correspondingly arranged above the furrow plowed by the plowing harrow 4, the sowing motor 5023 is turned on, and the rotating rod 5021 and the abutment block 5022 are driven to rotate through the conveyor belt 5024, and the rotating abutment block 5022 pushes the drain cover 5011 at the bottom of the funnel 501 apart, so that the drain cover 5011 is opened and closed, so that the funnel 501 can accurately control the amount of seeds dropped, making the sowing process more automated and standardized;

[0134] Several layers of screens are arranged at staggered intervals in the screening box 503. The seeds screened by the funnel 501 are evenly diverted through the diverter plate 5025 and fall into the top of the screening box 503. The seeds are evenly screened by the screens arranged at staggered intervals inside the screening box 503, and the screened seeds fall evenly into the grooves, which can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer and avoid direct contact between the seeds and the fertilizer, thereby ensuring the healthy development of the seeds.

[0135] Specifically, the sowing device 5 is correspondingly arranged above the furrow plowed by the plow harrow 4, so that the seeds fall into the furrow evenly, thereby accurately controlling the depth of the seeds into the soil, improving the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer, avoiding direct contact between the seeds and the fertilizer, and ensuring the healthy development of the seeds.

[0136] Specifically, a camera 12 is also provided on the side of the funnel 501, and the camera 12 is synchronized and communicated to the display screen of the tractor 1.

[0137] The video signal transmitted by the camera 12 is synchronized to the display screen of the tractor 1. The operator can directly monitor the remaining material status, quality status (such as whether there are impurities mixed in), and material flow status of the funnel 501 in the cockpit of the tractor 1, which is convenient for the operator to make corresponding operation decisions (such as adding materials, changing materials, etc.).

[0138] As a specific implementation, the plate rake 7 includes a movable plate 701 and a tillage assembly 702 for turning the soil. The movable plate 701 can be rotatably arranged at the bottom of the seeding device 5, and the tillage assembly 702 is arranged at intervals at the bottom of the movable plate 701.

[0139] Specifically, the movable plate 701 of the plate rake 7 is rotatably arranged at the rear bottom of the sowing device 5, and the soil turning component 702 is moved to a suitable position and extended into the soil by rotating the movable plate 701. The plate rake 7 is driven by the tractor 1 to move and cover the soil, and the seeds sown in the ditch are covered with soil to ensure that the seeds are buried 3 cm in the soil. The length of the soil turning component 702 extending into the soil is 2 cm;

[0140] Since the roots of all plants have the characteristic of growing towards fertilizer, after the seedlings emerge, since the fertilizer is below the seeds, the roots of the seedlings will preferentially grow downwards in order to absorb more nutrients, laying the foundation for deep roots and lush leaves and being more resistant to lodging.

[0141] Specifically, the rake nails arranged on the plate rake 7 can be shortened at the optimal sowing depth of rice, and the seeds can be turned over and raked without rake nails, so that an optimal growth space can be provided for the seeds to the maximum extent. The scratches scraped by the rake nails can also loosen the soil and enhance the penetration of oxygen.

[0142] Specifically, the sowing device 5 is correspondingly arranged above the grooves opened by the trenching mold 13. The trenching scraper of the trenching mold is a setting that can adjust the depth of penetration into the soil. The depth of penetration of the trenching scraper can be adjusted according to the optimal sowing depth of the seeds, so that the seeds can be evenly dropped into the trench, and the depth of penetration of the seeds can be accurately controlled, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer and avoiding direct contact between the seeds and the fertilizer, thereby ensuring the healthy growth of the seeds. Since the roots of all plants have the characteristic of growing towards fertilizer, after the seedlings emerge, since the fertilizer is underground, in order to absorb more nutrients, the roots of the seedlings will preferentially grow downwards, laying the conditions for deep roots and lush leaves and being more resistant to lodging.

[0143] As a specific implementation, a water tank 10 is provided on the tractor 1, and the water tank 10 is connected to a high-pressure water pump 11, and the high-pressure water pump 11 is connected to the spraying device 6 through a water pipe.

[0144] Specifically, the water layer is adjusted according to the needs of different growth stages of rice, the water tank 10 in front of the tractor 1 is connected to the spraying device 6 at the rear of the tractor 1 through a water pipe, and the high-pressure water pump 11 generates pressure for the water pipe to quickly spray the herbicide in the water tank 10 through the spraying device 6 to the target area for sowing, thereby improving the efficiency of the weeding operation and achieving uniform spraying of the herbicide, which is beneficial to seed germination.

[0145] Specifically, the camera 12 on the side of the funnel 501 can also monitor the spraying device 6 by rotating, and synchronously communicate to the display screen of the tractor 1;

[0146] The video signal transmitted by the camera 12 is synchronized to the display screen of the tractor 1. The operator can directly monitor the spraying amount, quality status (such as whether there is a blockage problem), and spraying angle of the spraying device 6 in the cockpit of the tractor 1, which is convenient for the operator to make corresponding operation decisions (such as controlling the spraying angle, controlling the spraying amount, etc.).

[0147] Example 2

[0148] like Figure 1-7 As shown, this embodiment discloses an agricultural multifunctional seeding machine, comprising: a tractor 1, a frame 2, a fertilizer spreading device 3, a plurality of plowing harrows 4, a seeding device 5, a spraying device 6 and a plate harrow 7;

[0149] The frame 2 is connected to the rear of the tractor 1 through a lifting mechanism 21, and is used to support the fertilizer spreading device 3 and the seeding device 5;

[0150] An automatic balancing device 17 is also provided between the frame 2 and the lifting mechanism 21 to maintain the height balance of the frame 2;

[0151] A trenching mold 13 is provided at the bottom of the frame 2 for trenching the farmland;

[0152] The fertilizer spreading device 3 is connected to the frame 2 and is used for spraying fertilizer;

[0153] A fertilizer guide plate 14 is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer spreading device 3 to guide the fertilizer into the ditch;

[0154] A soil turning mold 15 is also provided at the bottom of the frame 2 for burying the seeds in the ditch;

[0155] The plowing harrow 4 is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer spreading device 3 through a rigid member 8 and is used to dig trenches on the soil for spreading fertilizer;

[0156] The sowing device 5 is arranged at the rear of the fertilizer spreading device 3 and is used to spray seeds into the groove;

[0157] A seed guide plate 16 is provided at the bottom of the sowing device 5 to guide the seeds into the ditch;

[0158] The plate rake 7 is arranged at the rear of the sowing device 5 and is used to bury the seeds into the soil;

[0159] The spraying device 6 is arranged at the rear of the sowing device 5 and is used for spraying the pesticide.

[0160] As a specific implementation, a furrow slider 18 is detachably connected to the bottom of the frame 2. Specifically, the furrow slider 18 is connected to the bottom of the frame 2 through an adjustment component 19, and the distance between the furrow slider 18 and the soil can be adjusted.

[0161] Specifically, the furrow slider 18 is extended into the bottom soil by adjusting the component 19. When the seeder is driven to move and sow, the furrow slider 18 can also dig a water diversion ditch. The water diversion ditch can effectively control the irrigation water volume of the farmland to ensure that the water can be evenly distributed to the roots of the rice crops. This is especially important for farmland where seeds are directly sown. It can save water and ensure that the rice crops get enough water.

[0162] As a specific embodiment, the lifting mechanism 21 includes a lifting hydraulic device and a support rod, and the tractor 1 is "three-point connected" to the frame 2 through the lifting hydraulic device and the support rod;

[0163] The support rod of the lifting mechanism 21 can be movably connected to the automatic balancing device 17. During transportation, the lifting and lowering of the support rod can reduce the bumping of the sub-frame at the bottom of the frame 2, thereby maintaining the height balance of the frame 2.

[0164] Specifically, one end of the frame 2 is vertically connected to a support plate, a lifting hydraulic device of the lifting mechanism 21 is connected to the support plate, two support rods of the lifting mechanism 21 are movably connected to the automatic balancing device 17, and the automatic balancing device 17 is connected to the support plate, so that the lifting mechanism 21 is connected to the frame 2 through a "three-point connection".

[0165] Specifically, the automatic balancing device 17 is provided with a sliding groove in the height direction, and the two support rods of the lifting mechanism 21 are movably arranged in the sliding groove of the automatic balancing device 17;

[0166] If necessary, strong springs for reducing buffering are fixed at the upper and lower ends of the two support rods of the lifting mechanism 21; one end of the strong spring abuts against the support rod, and the other end abuts against the lifting mechanism 21, which is used to reduce the impact force during the lifting and lowering activities of the support rod, thereby reducing the bumps on the frame 2 during transportation.

[0167] As a specific implementation, a gantry frame 20 is provided at the rear of the tractor 1, and the top of the gantry frame 20 is connected to the support plate of the frame 2 through a tension spring, providing an upward pulling force for the frame 2, reducing the stress on the end of the support rod of the lifting mechanism 21, and avoiding deformation of the end of the support rod causing damage to the seeder.

[0168] Example 3

[0169] A farming method for an agricultural multifunctional seeder, the farming method comprising the following steps:

[0170] The seed drill is transported to the farmland where deep tillage work has been completed, and the height of the fertilizer spreading device 3 and the seeding device 5 is controlled by the lifting mechanism 21, so that the rake blade 402 of the plowing harrow 4 and the soil turning component 702 of the plate harrow 7 are sunk into the soil;

[0171] According to the topographical conditions in the farmland and the specific farming needs, the spraying device 302, the sowing motor 5023 and / or the high-pressure water pump 11 are turned on and the operating speed is adjusted;

[0172] By turning on the tractor 1, the furrowing mold 13, the fertilizer spreading device 3, the soil turning mold 15, the plowing harrow 4, the sowing device 5, the spraying device 6 and the plate harrow 7 are driven to perform the work of plowing, spreading fertilizer, burying soil, plowing, sowing, spraying pesticides and / or burying soil according to specific farming needs;

[0173] When the tractor 1 turns and slows down, the operating speed of the spraying device 302, the sowing motor 5023 and / or the high-pressure water pump 11 can be reduced, so that the amount of fertilizer spread per unit time, the amount of sowing per unit time and / or the amount of spray water per unit time are reduced, so as to achieve the purpose of uniform planting;

[0174] When the tractor 1 is moving straight and accelerating, the operating speed of the spraying device 302, the sowing motor 5023 and / or the high-pressure water pump 11 can be increased, so that the amount of fertilizer spread per unit time, the amount of sowing per unit time and / or the amount of spraying water per unit time are increased, so as to achieve the purpose of uniform planting;

[0175] After the farmland work is finished, the plowing harrow 4 and the plate harrow 7 are raised by the adjusted lifting mechanism 21, and then the farmland is driven out by the tractor 1.

[0176] Specifically, the fertilizer spreading device 3 and the seeding device 5 are respectively provided with cameras 12 for monitoring the amount of fertilizer and the amount of seeds. The camera 12 synchronously communicates with the display screen of the tractor 1. The operator can directly monitor the remaining material status, quality status (such as whether there are impurities mixed in), and material flow status of the funnel 501 in the cockpit of the tractor 1, which is convenient for the operator to make corresponding operation decisions (such as adding materials, changing materials, etc.).

[0177] Specifically, the tractor 1 is turned on to drive the furrowing mold 13, the fertilizer spreading device 3, the soil turning mold 15, the plowing harrow 4, the sowing device 5, the spraying device 6 and the plate harrow 7 to perform continuous work of plowing and furrowing, spreading fertilizer, burying soil, plowing, sowing, spraying medicine and burying soil.

[0178] Specifically, the soil turning mold 15 backfills the fertilizer applied into the fertilizer trough with soil to prevent the fertilizer from being evaporated by the sun, washed by rain, and lost by running water, and isolates the contact between the seeds and the fertilizer to cause fertilizer damage, thereby creating a suitable growth environment for the seeds.

[0179] Specifically, backfilling and covering the fertilizer applied into the fertilizer trough with soil can prevent the fertilizer from being evaporated by the sun, washed away by rain, and lost by running water, effectively isolating the contact between seeds and fertilizer, preventing fertilizer damage, and creating a suitable growth environment for seeds.

[0180] Specifically, after the fertilizer spreading device 3 spreads fertilizer on the soil, the plow harrow 4 is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer spreading device 3 through a flexible member to dig trenches on the top soil of the fertilizer, which is conducive to sowing seeds on the top of the fertilizer and avoiding direct contact of the fertilizer with the seeds to cause damage.

[0181] Specifically, the tractor 1 is also provided with an operating speed control center for controlling the spraying device 302, the sowing motor 5023 and the high-pressure water pump 11 respectively; the operator can adjust the amount of fertilizer sprayed, the sowing amount and the amount of herbicide sprayed by the seeder according to different rice needs and soil conditions, thereby improving the problems of uneven distribution of direct-seeded seeds, insufficient fertilizers, poor ventilation and air permeability, and effectively improving the production efficiency of direct-seeded seeds.

[0182] How it works

[0183] When carrying out planting operations, the fertilizer spreading device 3, the plowing harrow 4, the sowing device 5, the spraying device 6 and the plate harrow 7 are respectively connected to the rear of the tractor 1, and the soil is respectively fertilized, furrowed, sown, buried and sprayed with pesticides, so that seeds and fertilizers can be accurately and evenly and quantitatively sown in the soil; specifically, the density of fertilizer spreading, the depth of furrow sowing, the density of sowing, the thickness of soil burying and the density of spraying pesticides can be adjusted according to different rice needs and soil conditions, so that the rice sowing process can be adjusted in real time, thereby ensuring the healthy development of rice.

[0184] Obviously, the above embodiments of the utility model are only examples for clearly explaining the utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A multifunctional agricultural seeder, characterized in that: include: A tractor (1), a frame (2), a fertilizer spreading device (3), a plurality of plowing harrows (4), a sowing device (5), a spraying device (6) and a plate harrow (7); The frame (2) is connected to the rear of the tractor (1) via a lifting mechanism (21) and is used to support a fertilizer spreading device (3) and a seeding device (5); An automatic balancing device (17) is also provided between the frame (2) and the lifting mechanism (21) for maintaining the balance of the frame (2); A furrowing mold (13) for furrowing is provided at the bottom of the frame (2) and is used for furrowing farmland; The fertilizer spreading device (3) is connected to the frame (2) and is used for spraying fertilizer; The bottom of the fertilizer spreading device (3) is provided with a fertilizer guide plate (14) for guiding the fertilizer into the ditch; The bottom of the frame (2) is also provided with a soil turning mold (15) for burying the seeds in the ditch; The plowing harrow (4) is connected to the bottom of the fertilizer spreading device (3) through a rigid member (8) and is used to dig trenches on the soil for spreading fertilizer; The sowing device (5) is arranged at the rear of the fertilizer spreading device (3) and is used for spraying seeds; The bottom of the sowing device (5) is provided with a seed guide plate (16) for guiding the seeds into the ditch; The plate rake (7) is arranged at the rear of the sowing device (5) and is used to bury the seeds in the soil; The spraying device (6) is arranged at the rear of the sowing device (5) and is used for spraying pesticides.

2. The agricultural multifunctional seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer spreading device (3) comprises a fertilizer spreading box (301), a spraying device (302) and a storage box (303); a groove is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer spreading box (301), the spraying device (302) is arranged in the groove at the bottom of the fertilizer spreading box (301), and the storage box (303) is arranged on the top of the fertilizer spreading box (301) and is used to supply materials to the spraying device (302).

3. The agricultural multifunctional seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that: A connecting rod (9) is also provided in the spraying device. The connecting rod (9) is arranged at the bottom of the spraying device (302). The plowing harrow (4) is connected to the connecting rod (9) via a rigid member (8).

4. The agricultural multifunctional seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plowing harrow (4) comprises a gravity block (401) and a plurality of harrow knives (402), and a plurality of harrow knives (402) are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the gravity block (401).

5. The agricultural multifunctional seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sowing device (5) comprises a plurality of funnels (501), an intelligent seeding device (502) and a screening box (503) for uniformly screening seeds; the funnel (501) is arranged on the top of the screening box (503) through a bracket, and is used to uniformly discharge seeds; a leakage cover (5011) for closing a leakage hole is provided at the bottom of the funnel (501); the intelligent seeding device (502) is connected to the plurality of funnels (501) and is used to control the opening of the leakage cover (5011) at the bottom of the funnel.

6. The agricultural multifunctional seeder according to claim 5, characterized in that: The intelligent seed-metering device (502) comprises a rotating rod (5021), an abutment block (5022), and a seeding motor (5023); the rotating rod (5021) passes through and is fixed to the bottom of the funnel (501); the seeding motor (5023) is connected to the rotating rod (5021) through a conveyor belt (5024) for synchronous rotation; the rotating rod (5021) is provided with an abutment block (5022), and the rotating rod (5021) controls the opening of the funnel cover (5011) at the bottom of the funnel by driving the abutment block (5022) to rotate.

7. The agricultural multifunctional seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tractor (1) is provided with a water storage tank (10), the water storage tank (10) is connected to a high-pressure water pump (11), and the high-pressure water pump (11) is connected to a spraying device (6) through a water pipe.

8. The agricultural multifunctional seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plate rake (7) comprises a movable plate (701) and a tillage assembly (702) for turning the soil, wherein the movable plate (701) is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the sowing device (5), and the tillage assembly (702) is arranged at intervals at the bottom of the movable plate (701).

9. The agricultural multifunctional seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer spreading device (3) and the seeding device (5) are respectively provided with cameras (12) for monitoring the amount of fertilizer and the amount of seeds, and the cameras (12) are synchronously communicated to the display screen of the tractor (1).

10. The agricultural multifunctional seeder according to claim 5, characterized in that: The equalizing screening box (503) is provided with a plurality of layers of screens at staggered intervals. The seeds screened by the funnel are evenly diverted by the diverter plate and fall into the top of the equalizing screening box (503). The seeds are evenly screened by the screens arranged at staggered intervals inside the equalizing screening box (503).

Images