Precise fertilizer-saving hole sowing fertilization equipment for sunflower seeder and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses precise fertilizer-saving hole sowing fertilization equipment for a sunflower seeder and a control method, and relates to the technical field of fertilization. The tractor comprises a tractor body and further comprises a seeder supporting frame, a seeding mechanism is arranged on the seeder supporting frame, two seeding wheels are arranged in the seeding mechanism, and induction control assemblies are arranged on the seeding wheels; a fertilizer storage box is arranged on the seeder supporting frame, and two fertilization units matched with the inductive control assembly are arranged on the fertilizer storage box. The device has the advantages that the seeding position of the seeds can be accurately monitored in the sunflower seed planting process through traction of the tractor body, accurate feeding of the fertilizer is automatically completed when the fertilizer box moves to the position close to a seed planting point, diffusion and waste of the fertilizer in soil can be reduced, the fertilizer efficiency is concentrated in a root system distribution area, and the planting efficiency of the sunflower seeds is improved. Therefore, the fertilizer utilization rate is greatly improved, the planting cost is saved, and quantitative hole sowing fertilization of the fertilizer is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fertilization, and particularly relates to a precise fertilizer-saving hole sowing and fertilizing device and a control method for a sunflower seeder. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement of agricultural mechanization, the application scope of sunflower seeders in China has been expanding year by year. Most of the current sunflower seeders on the market adopt a multi-row synchronous sowing structure, with basic functions such as automatic seeding, synchronous fertilization, adjustable row spacing, and controllable sowing depth, which can better meet the requirements for efficiency and operation quality in large-scale planting. Existing sunflower seeders usually use fertilization equipment for auxiliary fertilization to perform synchronous fertilization after sowing.

[0003] Existing fertilization equipment uses various methods for automatic fertilization after sowing. For example, a multi-functional agricultural soil loosening, seeding, and fertilizing sowing machine device with the publication number CN214960936U has a seeding bucket fixedly connected to one side of the main frame. A baffle is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the seeding bucket. A number of seed storage through holes are opened on one side of the baffle. A diversion shell and a first motor are fixedly connected to one side of the baffle. The output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to a turntable. A seeding through hole is opened on one side of the turntable. A support frame machine is fixedly connected to one side of the main frame.

[0004] Existing sunflower seeders still adopt the traditional strip fertilization mode, that is, continuously applying fertilizers along the sowing row. This fertilization method has obvious problems of low fertilizer utilization rate. Firstly, strip fertilization is prone to cause the diffusion of fertilizers in the soil and cannot achieve precise ratio with seeds. Secondly, when the soil moisture is insufficient or rainfall is not timely, the surface fertilizers are difficult to be absorbed by the roots, further affecting the early growth and later yield of crops. For example, in the above-mentioned existing technology for reference, the device digs strip-shaped long grooves in the ground by using a subsoiler and directly pours fertilizers into the grooves. This fertilization method is not only wasteful, but also cannot perform targeted monitoring on the position of the sowing points, cannot achieve precise ratio between seeds and fertilizers, and cannot precisely control the fertilization amount and fertilization position, having certain limitations. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to design a precise fertilizer-saving hole sowing and fertilizing device and a control method for a sunflower seeder to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention provides a precise fertilizer-saving hole sowing and fertilizing device and a control method for a sunflower seeder, which solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A precise fertilizer-saving hole sowing and fertilizing device for a sunflower seeder, including a tractor main body for hole sowing and fertilizing traction, further including: A seeder support frame, and the seeder support frame is connected to the tractor main body through a traction hanging rod. A seeding mechanism for seeding is arranged on the seeder support frame. There are two seeding wheels arranged in the seeding mechanism, and an induction control component is arranged on the seeding wheels; A power device box for providing power is arranged on the seeder support frame, and a display and control integrated box for control is arranged on the tractor main body; A fertilizer storage box is arranged on the seeder support frame, and two fertilizing units cooperating with the induction control component are arranged on the fertilizer storage box. A leveling roller for assisting in moving is rotatably installed on the seeder support frame through a connecting shaft; The fertilizing unit includes a material guiding component and a fertilizing component. The material guiding component is used to realize fertilizer dispersion and conduction, and the fertilizing component is used to realize fixed-point hole sowing and fertilizing according to the sowing position.

[0007] Preferably, a seed metering disc for seeding is fixedly installed on the seeding wheel. The seeder support frame is fixedly installed with a sensor installation box through two fastening bolts, and a seed dropping sensor and a fertilizing sensor are arranged in the sensor installation box; The induction control component includes a speed measuring disc fixedly installed on the sensor installation box. A plurality of seed dropping induction holes cooperating with the seed dropping sensor are opened on the speed measuring disc, a plurality of fertilizing induction holes cooperating with the fertilizing sensor are opened on the speed measuring disc, and a circular permanent magnet is arranged in each seed dropping induction hole and fertilizing induction hole.

[0008] Preferably, an installation bracket is arranged on the side of the driver's seat of the tractor main body, and the display and control integrated box is arranged on the installation bracket. An equipment power main switch and a micro compressor switch are arranged on the installation bracket.

[0009] Preferably, a micro compressor, a relay group, an air storage tank, and an oil-water separator are arranged in the power device box. The micro compressor is controlled by the micro compressor switch; The gas generated by the micro compressor enters the air storage tank through a trachea, and enters the fertilizing unit through the oil-water separator and the relay group to realize the fertilizing action control of the fertilizing unit.

[0010] Preferably, the material guiding component includes two storage boxes fixedly installed on the seeder support frame, and two fertilizing components are arranged on each storage box. Two feeding boxes for fertilizer feeding are arranged in the fertilizer storage box, and a material guiding pipe is fixedly connected between the two feeding boxes and the two storage boxes. A transmission mechanism is installed between the two storage boxes and the connecting shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a linkage roller fixedly installed outside the connecting shaft. A driven roller is rotatably installed in the storage box, and a transmission belt is sleeved between the driven roller and the linkage roller. A plurality of dispersion cones for dispersing fertilizers are fixedly installed on the driven roller, and a screening mesh plate for screening fertilizers is fixedly installed in the storage box.

[0012] Preferably, the fertilizing assembly includes a fertilizing box fixedly installed on the support frame of the seeder. A fertilizer conveying pipe for conveying the dispersed fertilizer is communicated between the fertilizing box and the storage box. A cylinder is arranged on the side of the fertilizing box and is matched with a micro compressor. A push rod is arranged on the driving end of the cylinder, and a soil-breaking mechanism and a feeding mechanism are installed between the push rod and the fertilizing box.

[0013] Preferably, the soil-breaking mechanism includes a limiting sliding plate fixedly installed on the fertilizing box. A soil-breaking plow for breaking soil is slidably installed on the limiting sliding plate. A fixed disk is fixedly installed at the lower part of the push rod, and a linkage frame is fixedly installed between the fixed disk and the soil-breaking plow. Two mudguards for blocking soil are fixedly installed on the fertilizing box.

[0014] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a compression spring fixedly installed at the lower part of the fixed disk. A guiding rotating shaft is fixedly installed at the lower part of the compression spring. A deflecting rotating shaft is rotatably installed in the fertilizing box, and the outside of the deflecting rotating shaft is connected to the guiding rotating shaft. A fertilizer baffle for blocking fertilizers is fixedly installed on the deflecting rotating shaft.

[0015] A control method for a precise fertilizer-saving hole sowing and fertilizing device for a sunflower seeder, which is used for the above-mentioned precise fertilizer-saving hole sowing and fertilizing device for a sunflower seeder, includes the following steps: S1. When sowing and fertilizing sunflower seeds, the tractor main body pulls the support frame of the seeder and the sowing mechanism thereon to move. While the sowing mechanism is moving, it starts to perform automatic sowing. S2. When the sowing mechanism is moving and sowing, it drives the sowing wheel to rotate for sowing. At the same time, speed measurement and induction are performed through the induction control component, and the position of each sowing point is sensed and judged. S3. The induction control component senses the sowing position and sowing distance, and controls the fertilizing unit to start for hole sowing and fertilizing. S4. The fertilizing assembly is controlled by the induction control component. When moving near the sowing point, the fertilizer is poured near the sowing point through the cooperation of the material guiding component, realizing quantitative hole sowing and fertilizing.

[0016] The present invention provides a precise fertilizer-saving hole sowing and fertilizing device and a control method for a sunflower seeder. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. When this hill-drop fertilization equipment applies fertilizer, it can drive the seeding mechanism to move in the field through the traction of the tractor main body, and through the cooperation of the seeding mechanism during the movement, the automatic seeding of sunflower seeds can be realized, with higher seeding efficiency.

[0017] 2. When this hill-drop fertilization equipment applies fertilizer, while the seeding mechanism automatically sows seeds, it can, through the cooperation of the seeding wheel and the speed measurement disc, accurately determine the moving distance and speed of the seeding wheel, and through the cooperation of the seed dropping sensor and the fertilization sensor, accurately measure the seed dropping position and the fertilization position, thereby realizing accurate quantitative and fixed-point seeding.

[0018] 3. When this hill-drop fertilization equipment applies fertilizer, when determining the seeding position, it can generate gas through a micro-compressor and enter the gas storage tank through a trachea, and conduct the gas to the cylinder through an oil-water separator and a relay group, thereby pushing the fertilization unit to start for automatic fertilization, with higher fertilization efficiency.

[0019] 4. When this hill-drop fertilization equipment applies fertilizer, when the fertilizer box moves to the position to be fertilized, it can automatically push the soil-breaking plow to move down and insert it into the soil through the cooperation of the cylinder, and while moving, dig a fertilization groove in the soil, completing the automatic excavation of the fertilization groove, and the fertilization groove is located on both sides of the sunflower seeds.

[0020] 5. When this hill-drop fertilization equipment applies fertilizer, after the fertilization groove is excavated, it can automatically pour the fertilizer into the fertilization groove through the fertilizer box through the cooperation of the cylinder, thereby completing the quantitative filling of the fertilizer, and can accurately place the fertilizer near the seeds, effectively reducing the diffusion and waste of the fertilizer in the soil, making the fertilizer efficiency concentrated in the root distribution area, thus greatly improving the fertilizer utilization rate, saving the planting cost, and realizing the quantitative hill-drop fertilization of the fertilizer.

[0021] In summary, by using the traction of the tractor main body, this invention can accurately monitor the seed dropping position during the planting process of sunflower seeds. When the fertilizer box moves near the seed planting point, it can automatically complete the accurate placement of the fertilizer, thereby reducing the diffusion and waste of the fertilizer in the soil, making the fertilizer efficiency concentrated in the root distribution area, thus greatly improving the fertilizer utilization rate, saving the planting cost, and realizing the quantitative hill-drop fertilization of the fertilizer.

[0022] Other features and advantages of this invention will be described in the subsequent description. And, some of them will become obvious from the description, or be understood by implementing this invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention can be achieved and obtained through the structures specifically pointed out in the written description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The following further details the specific implementation manners of this invention with reference to the drawings, where: Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of a precise fertilizer-saving hole-seeding and fertilizing device for a sunflower seeder proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 For Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram after rotating a certain angle; Figure 3 For Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram of the display and control integrated box in Figure 4 Schematic structural diagram of the seeder in the present invention; Figure 5 For Figure 4 Schematic structural diagram after removing the seeding mechanism in Figure 6 For Figure 7 Schematic structural diagram of two seeding wheels in Figure 7 For Figure 6 Exploded schematic structural diagram of the seeding wheel and the sensor mounting box on it in Figure 8 Schematic structural diagram of the fertilizer application unit in the present invention; Figure 9 For Figure 8 Schematic structural diagram of two storage boxes and a leveling roller in Figure 10 For Figure 9 Schematic structural diagram of the storage box and two fertilizer boxes in Figure 11 For Figure 10 Internal schematic structural diagram of the storage box in Figure 12 For Figure 11 Schematic structural diagram of the fertilizer box in Figure 13 For Figure 12 Front view of the internal structure of the fertilizer box in Figure 14 For Figure 12 Schematic structural diagram after removing the fertilizer box.

[0024] In the figure: 1 tractor main body, 2 display and control integrated box, 3 fertilizer storage box, 4 seeder support frame, 5 seeding mechanism, 6 seeding wheel, 7 leveling roller, 8 power unit box, 9 mounting bracket, 10 total equipment power switch, 11 traction hanging rod, 12 sensor installation box, 13 speed measuring disk, 14 storage box, 15 fertilizer application box, 16 fertilizer application induction hole, 17 seeding induction hole, 18 seed metering disc, 19 blanking box, 20 guide pipe, 21 linkage roller, 22 transmission belt, 23 fertilizer application pipe, 24 driven roller, 25 soil-breaking plow, 26 fender, 27 dispersion cone, 28 screening mesh plate, 29 cylinder, 30 push rod, 31 limit slide plate, 32 linkage frame, 33 guiding rotating shaft, 34 fertilizer baffle, 35 compression spring, 36 offset rotating shaft. 37 micro-compressor switch. Detailed implementation mode

[0025] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0026] Embodiment 1: Refer to Figures 1-4 , a precise fertilizer-saving hill-drop fertilization device for a sunflower seeder, including a tractor main body 1 for hill-drop fertilization traction. The tractor main body 1 is a traction device. The operator controls its movement on the tractor main body 1 to realize the overall movement of the fertilization device, and then realizes the automatic sowing and fertilization of sunflower seeds during the movement.

[0027] This fertilization device further includes: A seeder support frame 4, and the seeder support frame 4 is connected to the tractor main body 1 through a traction hanging rod 11. When the tractor main body 1 moves, it drives the entire seeder support frame 4 to move through the traction hanging rod 11, realizing automatic sowing and fertilization during movement.

[0028] A seeding mechanism 5 for seeding is arranged on the seeder support frame 4. The seeding mechanism 5 is an existing device for realizing the automatic seeding of sunflower seeds, and will not be elaborated here.

[0029] A power unit box 8 for providing power is arranged on the seeder support frame 4, and a display and control integrated box 2 for control is arranged on the tractor main body 1. The display and control integrated box 2 is used to control the start of the power unit box 8 to realize automatic sowing and fertilization.

[0030] A fertilizer storage box 3 is arranged on the seeder support frame 4. The fertilizer storage box 3 is used to store the fertilizer to be applied; Two fertilizer application units cooperating with the induction control component are arranged on the fertilizer storage box 3. The fertilizer application units are used to export the fertilizer in the fertilizer storage box 3, and after being dispersed and broken, pour it into the soil to realize automatic fertilization.

[0031] On the seeder support frame 4, a leveling roller 7 for assisting in movement is rotatably installed through a connecting shaft. The leveling roller 7 is used to assist the overall movement of the seeder support frame 4 and can extrude and level the land during the rolling process.

[0032] Example 2: Refer to Figures 2-7 , the different technical solutions of this embodiment compared with Embodiment 1 are as follows: There are two seeding wheels 6 arranged in the seeding mechanism 5, and an induction control component is arranged on the seeding wheel 6; A seed metering disc 18 for seeding is fixedly installed on the seeding wheel 6. When the seeding mechanism 5 is started, sunflower seeds will be introduced into the seed metering disc 18 through the seeding wheel 6, and the seed metering disc 18 rotates with the rotation of the seeding wheel 6, so that the seeds can be automatically sown at a fixed distance in the field during the rotation process, completing the automatic sowing of sunflower seeds.

[0033] A sensor installation box 12 is fixedly installed on the seeder support frame 4 through two fastening bolts, and a seed dropping sensor and a fertilizing sensor are arranged in the sensor installation box 12; The induction control component includes a speed measuring disc 13 fixedly installed on the sensor installation box 12. A plurality of seed dropping induction holes 17 cooperating with the seed dropping sensor are provided on the speed measuring disc 13, and a plurality of fertilizing induction holes 16 cooperating with the fertilizing sensor are provided on the speed measuring disc 13; The seed metering disc 18 rotates with the rotation of the seeding wheel 6. When the seeds on the seed metering disc 18 move to the seed dropping induction holes 17 on the speed measuring disc 13, the seed dropping sensor in the sensor installation box 12 will monitor the position of the seeds at this time. Similarly, for the monitoring of the fertilizing induction holes 16 and the fertilizing sensor, the sowing position of the seeds can be accurately calculated, and at the same time, the speed measuring disc 13 can monitor the rotation speeds of the seed metering disc 18 and the seeding wheel 6, so that the sowing position of the seeds and the distance between the front and rear seeds can be monitored according to the rotation speed; A circular permanent magnet is arranged in each of the seed dropping induction holes 17 and the fertilizing induction holes 16, and the seed dropping sensor and the fertilizing sensor are both provided with cooperating Hall proximity switches, so that a fertilizing control signal can be released through the Hall proximity switches, and the fertilizing unit can be synchronously fertilized when it moves to the monitored sowing position of the seeds.

[0034] In a further embodiment, an installation bracket 9 is arranged on the side of the driver's seat of the tractor main body 1, and the display and control integrated box 2 is arranged on the installation bracket 9. An equipment power main switch 10 and a micro compressor switch 37 are arranged on the installation bracket 9; A micro compressor, a relay group, an air storage tank, and an oil-water separator are arranged in the power device box 8, and the micro compressor is controlled by the micro compressor switch 37; When the fertilizing unit moves to the seeding position of the seeds, the micro-compressor can be started through the micro-compressor switch 37 on the display and control integrated box 2 at this time. When the micro-compressor starts, it will generate gas and inject the gas into the gas storage tank through the air pipe. The gas in the gas storage tank will enter the fertilizing unit through the oil-water separator and the relay group, realizing the control of the fertilizing action of the fertilizing unit; The seeding position, seeding speed, and front and rear seeding distances of the sunflower seeds can be accurately calculated through the induction control component. When the seeding unit runs near the seeding position of the seeds, the fertilizing unit is automatically controlled to start pouring a certain amount of fertilizer near the sunflower seeds, so that the fertilizer can be accurately placed near the seeds, effectively reducing the diffusion and waste of fertilizer in the soil, concentrating the fertilizer efficiency in the root distribution area, thereby greatly improving the fertilizer utilization rate, saving the planting cost, and realizing the quantitative hole sowing fertilization of the fertilizer.

[0035] The fertilizing component is controlled by the relay, and the relay is controlled by the display and control integrated box 2. At the same time, the display and control integrated box 2 receives the input signal of the induction control component to realize automatic fertilization.

[0036] Embodiment 3: Refer to Figure 2 and Figures 8-14 The different technical solution of this embodiment compared with Embodiment 2 is that: the fertilizing unit includes a material guiding component and a fertilizing component, wherein the material guiding component is used to realize the dispersion and conduction of the fertilizer, and the fertilizing component is used to realize fixed-point hole sowing fertilization according to the seeding position; The material guiding component includes two storage boxes 14 fixedly installed on the seeding machine support frame 4. There are two blanking boxes 19 for fertilizer feeding in the fertilizer storage box 3, and guide pipes 20 are fixedly connected between the two blanking boxes 19 and the two storage boxes 14; The fertilizer in the fertilizer storage box 3 will be injected into the two guide pipes 20 through the two blanking boxes 19, and the fertilizer will be injected into the storage boxes 14 through the two guide pipes 20 for temporary storage, so that the fertilizer in the storage boxes 14 can be exported for automatic fertilization during fertilization.

[0037] A transmission mechanism is installed between each of the two storage boxes 14 and the connecting shaft. The transmission mechanism includes a linkage roller 21 fixedly installed on the outside of the connecting shaft. A driven roller 24 is rotatably installed in the storage box 14, and a transmission belt 22 is sleeved between the driven roller 24 and the linkage roller 21; The seeding machine support frame 4 is supported by a leveling roller 7, so that when the seeding machine support frame 4 moves, it will drive the leveling roller 7 to roll on the field. When the leveling roller 7 rotates, it will drive the connecting shaft thereon to rotate. When the connecting shaft rotates, it will drive the linkage roller 21 thereon to rotate. When the linkage roller 21 rotates, it will drive the driven roller 24 to rotate synchronously through the cooperation of the transmission belt 22.

[0038] A plurality of dispersing cones 27 for dispersing fertilizers are fixedly installed on the driven roller 24, and a screening mesh plate 28 for screening fertilizers is fixedly installed in the storage box 14. When the driven roller 24 rotates, it will drive the plurality of dispersing cones 27 thereon to rotate. And since the plurality of dispersing cones 27 are all located in the storage box 14, when the plurality of dispersing cones 27 rotate, they will rotate and disperse the fertilizers in the storage box 14, that is, the piled and caked parts in the fertilizers can be dispersed, so that the fertilizers are kept in a loose state, thereby effectively avoiding the influence of excessive caking of fertilizers on the fertilization effect.

[0039] The fertilizers with smaller volume after dispersion will be automatically exported through the screening mesh plate 28, while the fertilizers in larger caked masses cannot pass through the screening mesh plate 28 and will continue to be dispersed on the screening mesh plate 28 until the fertilizers are dispersed and can pass through the screening mesh plate 28. Through the cooperation of the dispersing cones 27, during the process of mobile seeding and fertilization, the fertilizers can be continuously dispersed and broken during the movement, which can not only effectively avoid the influence of fertilizer caking on the fertilization effect, but also does not require an additional power source, saving more energy.

[0040] In a further embodiment, two fertilization components are provided on each storage box 14. The fertilization component includes a fertilization box 15 fixedly installed on the support frame 4 of the seeder, and a fertilizer conveying pipe 23 for conducting the dispersed fertilizers is connected between the fertilization box 15 and the storage box 14. The dispersed fertilizers completed in the storage box 14 will enter the fertilization box 15 through the fertilizer conveying pipe 23 and accumulate in the fertilization box 15, thus completing the fertilization preparation work of the fertilizers.

[0041] A cylinder 29 is provided on the side of the fertilization box 15, and the cylinder 29 is matched with a micro-compressor. A push rod 30 is provided on the driving end of the cylinder 29. The gas generated by the micro-compressor will be conducted into the cylinder 29, and then the push rod 30 on its driving end can be pushed to move.

[0042] In a further embodiment, a soil-breaking mechanism and a blanking mechanism are installed between the push rod 30 and the fertilization box 15. The soil-breaking mechanism includes a limit sliding plate 31 fixedly installed on the fertilization box 15, and a soil-breaking plow 25 for breaking soil is slidably installed on the limit sliding plate 31. A fixed disk is fixedly installed at the lower part of the push rod 30, and a linkage frame 32 is fixedly installed between the fixed disk and the soil-breaking plow 25. Two mudguards 26 for blocking soil are fixedly installed on the fertilization box 15. When the fertilizer box 15 moves to the front of the monitored area to be fertilized, the air cylinder 29 will be activated at this time and drive the push rod 30 to move downward. When the push rod 30 moves downward, it will first drive the fixed disk on it to move downward. When the fixed disk moves downward, it will drive the soil-breaking plow 25 to move downward through the linkage frame 32, so as to press the soil-breaking plow 25 to insert it into the ground. At this time, when the fertilizer box 15 moves again with the tractor main body 1, the soil-breaking plow 25 will move in the soil and dig out a fertilization groove in the soil, thus automatically completing the excavation of the fertilization groove.

[0043] The feeding mechanism includes a compression spring 35 fixedly installed at the lower part of the fixed disk. A guiding rotating shaft 33 is fixedly installed at the lower part of the compression spring 35. A deflecting rotating shaft 36 is rotatably installed in the fertilizer box 15, and the outer side of the deflecting rotating shaft 36 is connected to the guiding rotating shaft 33. A fertilizer baffle 34 for blocking fertilizer is fixedly installed on the deflecting rotating shaft 36. After the fertilization groove is excavated, the air cylinder 29 will be activated again and drive the push rod 30 to continue to move downward. When the push rod 30 moves downward initially, it will squeeze the compression spring 35 at the lower part of the fixed disk, that is, when the compression spring 35 does not reach the compression limit, the guiding rotating shaft 33 at the lower part of the compression spring 35 will not move. When the push rod 30 continues to squeeze the compression spring 35 to the compression limit, at this time, when the push rod 30 continues to move downward, the compression spring 35 cannot be compressed, and the compression spring 35 will move downward synchronously with the push rod 30. Then, when moving downward, it will squeeze the guiding rotating shaft 33 at its lower part. When the guiding rotating shaft 33 moves downward, it will drive the deflecting rotating shaft 36 to rotate under the cooperation of its own structure and the deflecting rotating shaft 36, and then drive the fertilizer baffle 34 to deflect. When the fertilizer baffle 34 deflects, it will release the blocking of the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 15. At this time, the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 15 will automatically fall into the fertilization groove, thus completing the automatic fertilization of the fertilizer.

[0044] When the fertilizer fertilization is completed and the seed sowing point is left, at this time, the air cylinder 29 will be activated and drive the push rod 30 to move upward and reset, and then drive the fertilizer baffle 34 to move upward and reset to block the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 15 again, so as to stop the fertilization of the fertilizer. At the same time, when the push rod 30 continues to move upward, it will drive the soil-breaking plow 25 to move upward and leave the soil, stop the continuous excavation of the fertilization groove, and complete the overall fertilization reset action until it moves to the sowing point again for re-fertilization.

[0045] The specific working principle of this fertilization equipment is as follows: The operator starts the tractor main body 1 to move it in the field, and drives the seeding machine support frame 4 and the seeding mechanism 5 thereon to move as a whole through the traction hanging rod 11 during the movement. When the seeding mechanism 5 is activated, the sunflower seeds will be introduced into the seed metering disk 18 through the seeding wheel 6, and the seed metering disk 18 rotates with the rotation of the seeding wheel 6, so that the seeds can be automatically sown at a fixed distance in the field during the rotation process, completing the automatic sowing of the sunflower seeds. When the seeds on the seed metering disc 18 move to the seed dropping induction hole 17 on the speed measuring disc 13, the seed dropping sensor in the sensor installation box 12 will monitor the position of the seeds at this time. Similarly, for the fertilization induction hole 16 and the fertilization sensor, the position of the seed dropping can be accurately calculated. At the same time, the speed measuring disc 13 can monitor the rotation speeds of the seed metering disc 18 and the seeding wheel 6, and then the position of the seed dropping and the distance between the front and rear seeds can be monitored according to the rotation speeds.

[0046] When the fertilization unit moves to the seeding position of the seeds, the micro-compressor switch 37 on the display and control integrated box 2 can be used to control the start of the micro-compressor at this time. When the micro-compressor starts, it will generate gas and inject the gas into the gas storage tank through the air pipe. The gas in the gas storage tank will enter the fertilization unit through the oil-water separator and the relay group to realize the fertilization action control of the fertilization unit. The seeding position, seeding speed, and the front and rear seeding distances of the sunflower seeds can be accurately calculated through the induction control component. When the seeding unit runs near the seeding position of the seeds, the fertilization unit will be automatically controlled to start and pour a certain amount of fertilizer near the sunflower seeds, so that the fertilizer can be accurately placed near the seeds, effectively reducing the diffusion and waste of the fertilizer in the soil, concentrating the fertilizer efficiency in the root distribution area, thus greatly improving the fertilizer utilization rate, saving the planting cost, and realizing the quantitative hole sowing fertilization of the fertilizer.

[0047] The fertilizer in the fertilizer storage box 3 will be injected into the two guide pipes 20 through the two feeding boxes 19, and the fertilizer will be respectively injected into the storage box 14 through the two guide pipes 20 for temporary storage. The dispersed fertilizer completed by being dispersed in the storage box 14 will enter the fertilization box 15 through the fertilizer application pipe 23 and accumulate in the fertilization box 15. When the fertilization box 15 moves to the front of the monitored area to be fertilized, the air cylinder 29 will start at this time and drive the push rod 30 to move downward. When the push rod 30 moves downward, it will first drive the fixed disk on it to move downward. When the fixed disk moves downward, it will drive the soil-breaking plow 25 to move downward through the linkage frame 32, so as to press the soil-breaking plow 25 to insert it into the ground. At this time, when the fertilization box 15 moves again with the tractor main body 1, the soil-breaking plow 25 will move in the soil and dig out a fertilization groove in the soil, thus automatically completing the excavation work of the fertilization groove. After the fertilization groove is excavated, the air cylinder 29 will start again and drive the push rod 30 to continue to move downward. When the push rod 30 moves downward initially, it will squeeze the compression spring 35 under the fixed disk, that is, when the compression spring 35 does not reach the compression limit, the guiding rotating shaft 33 under the compression spring 35 will not move. When the push rod 30 continues to squeeze the compression spring 35 to the compression limit, at this time, when the push rod 30 continues to move downward, the compression spring 35 cannot be compressed any further. Instead, the compression spring 35 will move downward synchronously with the push rod 30. Then, when moving downward, it will squeeze the guiding rotating shaft 33 below it. When the guiding rotating shaft 33 moves downward, it will drive the deflecting rotating shaft 36 to rotate under the cooperation of its own structure and the deflecting rotating shaft 36. Further, it will drive the fertilizer baffle 34 to deflect. When the fertilizer baffle 34 deflects, it will release the blockage of the fertilizer in the fertilizer application box 15. At this time, the fertilizer in the fertilizer application box 15 will automatically fall into the fertilizer application groove, thus completing the automatic fertilization of the fertilizer.

[0048] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a control method for a precise fertilizer-saving hole sowing and fertilizing device for a sunflower seeding machine, which is used for the above-mentioned precise fertilizer-saving hole sowing and fertilizing device for a sunflower seeding machine, and includes the following steps: S1. When sowing and fertilizing sunflower seeds, the tractor main body 1 pulls the seeding machine support frame 4 and the seeding mechanism 5 thereon to move. While the seeding mechanism 5 is moving, it starts to perform automatic sowing. S2. When the seeding mechanism 5 is moving for sowing, it drives the seeding wheel 6 to rotate for sowing. At the same time, it performs speed measurement and induction through the induction control component, and judges the position of each seeding point through induction. S3. The induction control component senses the seeding position and seeding distance, and controls the fertilizer application unit to start hole sowing and fertilizing. S4. The fertilizer application component is controlled by the induction control component. When moving near the seeding point, it pours the fertilizer near the seeding point through the cooperation of the material guiding component, realizing quantitative hole sowing and fertilizing.

[0049] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precise fertilizer-saving hole sowing and fertilizing device for a sunflower seeder, comprising a tractor main body (1) for hole sowing and fertilizing traction, characterized in that, It further includes: A seeder support frame (4), and the seeder support frame (4) is connected to the tractor main body (1) through a traction hanging rod (11). A seeding mechanism (5) for seeding is provided on the seeder support frame (4). Two seeding wheels (6) are provided in the seeding mechanism (5), and an induction control component is provided on the seeding wheel (6). A power device box (8) for providing power is provided on the seeder support frame (4), and a display and control integrated box (2) for control is provided on the tractor main body (1). A fertilizer storage box (3) is provided on the seeder support frame (4), and two fertilizing units that cooperate with the induction control component are provided on the fertilizer storage box (3). A leveling roller (7) for assisting in movement is rotatably installed on the seeder support frame (4) through a connecting shaft. The fertilizing unit includes a material guiding component and a fertilizing component. The material guiding component is used to disperse and conduct the fertilizer, and the fertilizing component is used to achieve fixed-point hole seeding fertilization according to the seeding position.

2. The precise fertilizer-saving hole sowing and fertilizing device for a sunflower seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, A seed discharging disc (18) for seeding is fixedly installed on the seeding wheel (6). A sensor installation box (12) is fixedly installed on the seeder support frame (4) through two fastening bolts, and a seed discharging sensor and a fertilizing sensor are provided in the sensor installation box (12). The induction control component includes a speed measuring disc (13) fixedly installed on the sensor installation box (12). A plurality of seed discharging induction holes (17) that cooperate with the seed discharging sensor are provided on the speed measuring disc (13). A plurality of fertilizing induction holes (16) that cooperate with the fertilizing sensor are provided on the speed measuring disc (13). And a circular permanent magnet is provided in each of the seed discharging induction holes (17) and the fertilizing induction holes (16).

3. The precision fertilizer-saving hole sowing and fertilizing device for a sunflower seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that, An installation bracket (9) is provided on the side of the driver's seat of the tractor main body (1), and the display and control integrated box (2) is provided on the installation bracket (9). An equipment power main switch (10) and a micro-compressor switch (37) are provided on the installation bracket (9).

4. The precise fertilizer-saving hole sowing and fertilizing device for a sunflower seeder according to claim 3, characterized in that, A micro-compressor, a relay group, an air storage tank, and an oil-water separator are provided in the power device box (8). The micro-compressor is controlled by the micro-compressor switch (37). The gas generated by the micro-compressor enters the air storage tank through a trachea, and then enters the fertilizing unit through the oil-water separator and the relay group to realize the fertilizing action control of the fertilizing unit.

5. The precise fertilizer-saving hole sowing and fertilizing device for a sunflower seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material guiding component includes two storage boxes (14) fixedly installed on the seeder support frame (4), and two fertilizing components are provided on each storage box (14). Two blanking boxes (19) for fertilizer feeding are provided in the fertilizer storage box (3), and a material guiding pipe (20) is fixedly connected between the two blanking boxes (19) and the two storage boxes (14). A transmission mechanism is installed between each of the two storage boxes (14) and the connecting shaft.

6. The precise fertilizer-saving hole sowing and fertilizing device for a sunflower seeder according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism includes a linkage roller (21) fixedly installed outside the connecting shaft. A driven roller (24) is rotatably installed in the storage box (14), and a transmission belt (22) is sleeved between the driven roller (24) and the linkage roller (21). A plurality of dispersing cones (27) for dispersing fertilizers are fixedly installed on the driven roller (24), and a screening mesh plate (28) for screening fertilizers is fixedly installed in the storage box (14).

7. The precise fertilizer-saving hole sowing and fertilizing device for a sunflower seeder according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fertilizing assembly includes a fertilizing box (15) fixedly installed on the seed planter support frame (4), and a fertilizer pipe (23) for conducting the dispersed fertilizer is communicated between the fertilizing box (15) and the storage box (14). A cylinder (29) is arranged on the side of the fertilizing box (15), and the cylinder (29) is matched with a micro-compressor. A push rod (30) is arranged on the driving end of the cylinder (29), and a soil-breaking mechanism and a material-feeding mechanism are installed between the push rod (30) and the fertilizing box (15).

8. The precise fertilizer-saving hole sowing and fertilizing device for a sunflower seeder according to claim 7, characterized in that, The soil-breaking mechanism includes a limit sliding plate (31) fixedly installed on the fertilizing box (15), and a soil-breaking plow (25) for breaking soil is slidably installed on the limit sliding plate (31). A fixed disk is fixedly installed at the lower part of the push rod (30), and a linkage frame (32) is fixedly installed between the fixed disk and the soil-breaking plow (25). Two mudguards (26) for blocking soil are fixedly installed on the fertilizing box (15).

9. The precise fertilizer-saving hole seeding and fertilizing device for a sunflower seeding machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The material-feeding mechanism includes a compression spring (35) fixedly installed at the lower part of the fixed disk. A guide rotating shaft (33) is fixedly installed at the lower part of the compression spring (35). A deflecting rotating shaft (36) is rotatably installed in the fertilizing box (15), and the outside of the deflecting rotating shaft (36) is connected with the guide rotating shaft (33). A fertilizer baffle (34) for blocking fertilizers is fixedly installed on the deflecting rotating shaft (36).

10. A control method for a precise fertilizer-saving hole sowing and fertilizing device for a sunflower seeder, which is used for the precise fertilizer-saving hole sowing and fertilizing device for a sunflower seeder according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. When sowing and fertilizing sunflower seeds, the tractor main body (1) pulls the seed planter support frame (4) and the sowing mechanism (5) thereon to move. While the sowing mechanism (5) is moving, it starts to perform automatic sowing. S2. When the sowing mechanism (5) moves and sows, it drives the sowing wheel (6) to rotate for sowing. At the same time, it performs speed measurement and induction through the induction control component, and judges the position of each sowing point. S3. The induction control component senses the sowing position and sowing distance, and controls the fertilizing unit to start for hole sowing and fertilizing. S4. The fertilizing assembly is controlled by the induction control component. When it moves near the sowing point, the fertilizer is poured near the sowing point through the cooperation of the material guiding component, realizing quantitative hole sowing and fertilizing.

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