Slope protection unit and slope protection system with same

Abstract

The utility model discloses a slope protection unit and a slope protection system with the same, a surface layer in the slope protection unit is provided with a plurality of through holes which penetrate through a body of the slope protection unit and are used for plants to extend out, a cushion layer at least comprises a porous rib-shaped elastic body, and one side of the cushion layer abuts against the surface layer and abuts against a slope after being pressed and deformed by the surface layer. According to the utility model, the impact of rainwater or water flow on the slope surface can be weakened and reduced by utilizing the elastic supporting and anti-scouring functions of the porous rib-shaped elastic body, and the porous rib-shaped elastic body is of a three-dimensional structure with pores, so that the porous rib-shaped elastic body has an adsorption function and a silt falling function, can form a growth base beneficial to plant growth, is beneficial to plant growth, and has a good application prospect. Through the functions, water and soil loss is comprehensively avoided, self-repairing performance is achieved, the healthy and virtuous cycle of rivers and slope banks is achieved, the maintenance cost in the later period can be reduced, and investment and manufacturing cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of slope protection, in particular to a slope protection unit and a slope protection system having the same. Background Art

[0002] Traditional river slope protection methods have played a certain role in maintaining the structural stability of the bank slope, preventing soil erosion, and preventing floods and waterlogging. For example, in the conventional method, the slope is covered with geotextiles, plant seeds are sprinkled on it, and the slope is covered with a surface layer (such as slope protection bricks, etc.). After the plant seeds grow, they can play a role in soil and water conservation, but they have a certain service life. If the geotextile is damaged or the plants are washed away with their roots, the performance of the slope protection will be affected, resulting in soil erosion or slope protection settlement; in addition, by splicing multiple slope protection bricks, the area of ​​the holes on the slope protection bricks is reduced because the slope protection bricks occupy a large area, and the space for plants to extend upward from the slope protection bricks through the holes is limited, which affects the normal growth of plants. In addition, the weight of the slope protection bricks acts on the geotextile and is transferred to the slope surface, which will also cause a certain degree of settlement and deformation of the slope surface. Therefore, regular maintenance is required, and the maintenance difficulty is relatively large. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a slope protection unit and a slope protection system having the same. The elastic deformation, adsorption and silt-removing functions of the porous rib-shaped elastomer can realize self-repair of soil and water loss caused by uneven settlement of the slope, rainwater and water flow scouring, so as to achieve a healthy and benign cycle of rivers and slopes. The bottom layer has the functions of preventing pipe bursts and conveniently positioning plant seeds. During the growth process of plants, the position of plant roots can be fixed to ensure the sustainable growth of plants, which is beneficial to soil and water conservation.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a slope protection unit, which includes:

[0005] The surface layer is provided with a plurality of through holes penetrating the body thereof for the plants to extend out.

[0006] The cushion layer at least comprises a porous rib-shaped elastic body, one side of the cushion layer abuts against the surface layer and is pressed down by the surface layer, and the other side of the cushion layer abuts against the slope surface.

[0007] As a further optimization, the thickness of the porous rib-shaped elastic body in the non-extrusion deformation state is h1, 0

[0008] As a further optimization, the porosity of the porous rib-like elastomer is P1, 5ppi≤P1≤40ppi.

[0009] ​As a further optimization, the cushion layer also includes a bottom layer arranged adjacent to the porous rib-like elastic body, the bottom layer has a pore structure and abuts against the slope surface.

[0010] As a further optimization, the thickness of the bottom layer is h2, 0<h2≤5cm.

[0011] As a further optimization, the porosity of the bottom layer is P2, 30ppi≤P2≤60ppi.

[0012] As a further optimization, the cushion layer contains plant seeds.

[0013] As a further optimization, the porous rib-like elastomer is connected to the bottom layer via a plant adhesive layer, and the plant adhesive layer contains plant seeds.

[0014] As a further optimization, the surface layer further includes an embedding portion, which protrudes downward from the surface layer and is interference fit with the cushion layer to fix the cushion layer to one side of the surface layer.

[0015] As a further optimization, at least one of the embedded parts is arranged in the middle of the surface layer and penetrates into the cushion layer to form a snap connection.

[0016] As a further optimization, a plurality of the embedded parts are arranged at the side edges and / or side corners of the surface layer, and are snap-fitted with the side walls of the cushion layer.

[0017] As a further optimization, the end of the embedded portion protrudes from the cushion layer and can extend into the slope surface.

[0018] As a further optimization, the surface layer is made of concrete, polymer material or steel-plastic geogrid.

[0019] The utility model also provides a slope protection system, which is characterized in that it comprises the above-mentioned slope protection unit, and a plurality of surface layers are connected through locking parts arranged on the main body thereof.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The elastic support and anti-scouring function of the porous rib-shaped elastic body can weaken and reduce the impact of rainwater or water flow on the slope. The porous rib-shaped elastic body is a three-dimensional structure with pores. It has both adsorption function (such as adsorbing soil particles carried by rainwater and river water) and silt removal function (such as humus of dead branches and fallen leaves that fall on it). The combination of the two functions enables the porous rib-shaped elastic body to form a growth base that is conducive to plant growth, which helps the (re)growth of plants, and then uses the developed root system of plants to consolidate the soil and ensure the stability of the slope. Therefore, the elastic deformation, adsorption, and silt removal functions of the porous rib-shaped elastic body can realize self-repair of soil and water loss caused by uneven settlement of the slope, rainwater, and water flow scouring, achieve a healthy and benign cycle of rivers and slopes, and reduce the subsequent maintenance costs, investment and construction costs;

[0022] 2. The bottom layer set in the slope protection unit can prevent the phenomenon of pipe gushing on the slope surface on the cushion layer on the one hand, and can conveniently locate plant seeds on the other hand. During the plant growth process, the plant root position can be limited between the porous rib-like elastic body and the bottom layer to ensure the sustainable growth of the plant, which is beneficial to soil and water conservation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the slope protection unit in the utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of an embodiment of the slope protection unit in the utility model.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Side view of.

[0026] Figure 4 This is an explosion diagram of another embodiment of the slope protection unit in the utility model.

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Assembly diagram of .

[0028] Figure 6 This is an explosion diagram of another embodiment of the slope protection unit in the utility model.

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Assembly diagram of .

[0030] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the slope protection system in the utility model.

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the locking part of the slope protection system in the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the slope protection unit 100 includes a surface layer 1 and a cushion layer 2. The surface layer 1 is provided with a plurality of through holes 11 penetrating the body thereof and through which plants can extend. The through holes 11 can also be backfilled after the slope protection unit 100 is installed on the slope surface. The cushion layer 2 includes a porous rib-like elastic body 21. One side of the cushion layer 2 abuts against the surface layer 1 and is pressed down and deformed by the surface layer 1, and the other side abuts against the slope surface.

[0035] In this embodiment, the porous rib-like elastic body 21 is squeezed between the surface layer 1 and the slope surface, and covers the slope surface. The porous rib-like elastic body 21 has a pore structure and is elastic. On the one hand, when the fluid with kinetic energy such as rainwater, ship waves, water flow or tide impacts the slope protection unit 100, the porous rib-like elastic body 21 can use its own structural characteristics to dissipate the scouring effect of water, that is, use its thickness, or the channels formed inside it, or its own elasticity and other comprehensive effects to unload and divert water to reduce the impact kinetic energy of water, avoid direct impact of water on the slope surface, especially for loose sand, silt, dusty soil and other slopes, it is more effective to prevent soil loss and play a role in maintaining the stability of the slope; on the other hand, even after the water flows into the through hole 11 and passes downward through the porous rib-like elastic body 21, the porous rib-like elastic body 21 can effectively prevent the water from moving the soil on the slope surface from the through hole 1 1 is carried upward and then separated from the slope protection, which can avoid soil loss; on the other hand, the fine dust particles deposited in the through holes 11 or the grass leaves and other materials that fall into them, as well as the materials intercepted by the porous rib-like elastic body 21 during the flow of water, can slowly fill the gaps in the porous rib-like elastic body 21 through the sedimentation effect until they are deposited on the slope surface, which can form a certain supplement to the slope surface, or accumulate on the top of the porous rib-like elastic body 21 to form a new nutrient base layer so that the plant seeds that fall therein can take root and germinate to produce a new plant layer, and the newly grown plant roots pass through the porous rib-like elastic body 21 downward and then extend into the slope surface to achieve the soil consolidation effect; and, because the porous rib-like elastic body 21 has an elastic effect, even when the slope surface settles to a certain extent, the compressed porous rib-like elastic body 21 is released by rebound, which can still form a support between the slope surface and the surface layer 1 to ensure the stability of the entire surface layer 1. To sum up, the elastic support and anti-scouring functions of the porous rib-like elastomer 21 can weaken and reduce the scouring (scouring) of rainwater or water flow on the slope. The porous rib-like elastomer 21 is a three-dimensional structure with pores. It has both adsorption function (such as adsorbing soil particles carried by rainwater and river water during scouring), and silt removal function (such as being able to humus dead branches and leaves that fall on it). The combination of the two functions allows the porous rib-like elastomer 21 to form a growth base that is conducive to plant growth, which helps the (regrowth) of plants, and then uses the developed root system of the plants to consolidate the soil and ensure the stability of the slope. Therefore, the elastic deformation, adsorption, and silt removal functions of the porous rib-like elastomer 21 can achieve self-repairing properties for uneven settlement of the slope, soil erosion caused by rainwater and water flow scouring, and achieve a healthy and benign cycle of rivers and slopes.

[0036] In this embodiment, the material of the surface layer 1 can be selected as concrete material, and the cushion layer 2 can be pressed onto the slope surface by utilizing its own weight.

[0037] Embodiment 2:

[0038] Combination Figure 3As shown, compared with Example 1, the cushion layer 2 in the slope protection unit 100 of this embodiment also includes a bottom layer 22. The bottom layer 22 is arranged adjacent to the porous rib-like elastic body 21, has a pore structure, and is in contact with the slope surface. Due to its pore structure, it can form a certain water absorption and water retention effect on the slope surface. Even if the water flow on the slope surface (such as the water flow formed on the slope surface near the water source, or the water flow formed on the slope surface due to seepage, etc.) drives the soil to move, the water absorption effect of the pores in the bottom layer 22 "fixes" the water, and the bottom layer 22 can intercept the soil on the slope surface, which can avoid the occurrence of similar piping phenomena, so it has the function of preventing soil erosion.

[0039] By combining the surface layer 1 with the porous rib-like elastic body 21 and the bottom layer 22, the problem of high water impermeability in the conventional "slope protection brick + geotextile" form can be changed, and a larger space can be provided for growing plants therein.

[0040] Embodiment 3:

[0041] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, compared with Example 2, the cushion layer 2 in the slope protection unit 100 of this embodiment contains seeds, and the seeds can be set at any position in the cushion layer 2. Preferably, a plant adhesive layer 23 can be set to adhere the seeds and then adhered between the porous rib-like elastomer 21 and the bottom layer 22. The plant seeds are positioned in the middle of the cushion layer 2 by the plant adhesive layer 23. When the surface layer 1 presses the cushion layer 2 onto the slope, the plant seeds are confined between the porous rib-like elastic body 21 and the bottom layer 22. Since the porous rib-like elastic body 21 and the bottom layer 22 both have a pore structure, when the plant seeds come into contact with water, they can pass through the porous rib-like elastic body 21 upwards, and the roots can pass through the bottom layer 22 downwards and extend downwards into the soil on the slope, so that the plant roots can be used to fix the soil and further avoid soil erosion. Moreover, since the base part of the plant roots is limited by the porous rib-like elastic body 21 and the bottom layer 22, it is not easy to be pulled out by the roots upwards through the through hole 11 under the action of external forces such as water flow, or to be separated from the cushion layer 2 downwards as the slope settles. Even if the exposed part of the plant is damaged or incomplete, the plant can still grow again due to the integrity of the base part of the plant roots. The fixation and repeatable growth of the plant roots are also conducive to the stability of the slope.

[0042] Furthermore, the plant adhesive layer 23 can realize the connection between the porous rib-like elastomer 21 and the bottom layer 22 to form a stable cushion layer 2, which is convenient for the two to form an integrated structure for transportation and installation. That is, the porous rib-like elastomer 21 and the bottom layer 22 are bonded by the plant adhesive layer 23 to form an integrated cushion layer 2. After the modular cushion layer 2 is formed in the factory, it is convenient for transportation and on-site installation; and because its plant-based sticky material can be decomposed in water, it can be used to provide a nutrient source for plant seeds, such as a paste-like substance. After the surface layer 1 is pressed against the cushion layer 2, water penetrates into the porous rib-like elastomer 21 through the through hole 11, and the plant adhesive layer 23 decomposes in water to provide nutrition for the plant seeds. The plant grows upward through the porous rib-like elastomer 21 and through the through hole 11, and its roots go down through the bottom layer 22 and extend into the soil on the slope.

[0043] Furthermore, the plant adhesive layer 23 may be a soil matrix mixed in a plant adhesive material, which can achieve double-sided bonding and provide a soil environment required for the growth of plant seeds.

[0044] In order to ensure that the plant seeds can grow upward normally and their roots can extend into the slope normally, on the premise that the porous rib-shaped elastic body 21 and the bottom layer 22 have the aforementioned basic functions, the thickness and porosity of the two can be set differently according to different types of plants. For example, when the plant seeds grow into grass plants, the porous rib-shaped elastic body 21 preferably has a porosity P1 of 20ppi (ppi refers to the number of holes on one square inch, such as 20ppi means there are 20 honeycomb holes on one square inch), and a thickness h1 of 15cm. This porosity is also conducive to sunlight penetration and plant passage. Similarly, in order to achieve that the roots of the plants can pass through the bottom layer 22 downward and extend into the slope to ensure that they are growing and have a soil consolidation effect on the slope, the bottom layer 22 preferably has a porosity P2 of 40ppi and a thickness h2 of 0.2cm. This porosity and thickness can not only achieve the passage of plant roots, but also have a good anti-piping and soil consolidation effect.

[0045] Embodiment 4:

[0046] In the above embodiments 1 to 3, the surface layer 1 of concrete material can be directly pressed onto the cushion layer 2 by its own weight to maintain the stability of the entire slope protection unit. Figures 2 to 5As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that the surface layer 1 in the slope protection unit 100 can be made of polymer material, which has a relatively light weight and cannot form a large weight to press the cushion layer 2, so an embedded portion 12 is formed on the surface layer 1, and the embedded portion 12 protrudes downward from the surface layer 1, and is interference fit with the cushion layer 2 to fix the cushion layer 2 to one side of the surface layer 1. Specifically, an embedded portion 12 is formed on the side of the surface layer 1 close to the cushion layer 2, and the embedded portion 12 penetrates into the cushion layer 2 to form a snap connection, that is, the embedded portion 12 extends downward into the first hole 210 of the porous rib-like elastomer 21 and the second hole 220 of the bottom layer 22, and the surface layer 1 and the cushion layer 2 are fixed in the form of snap connection. On the one hand, the relative stability of the internal structure of the slope protection unit 100 after being set on the slope surface can be ensured, and on the other hand, the surface layer 1 and the cushion layer 2 are relatively fixedly connected to form an integral structure through the action of the embedded portion 12, which can facilitate the transportation, handling and installation process of the two.

[0047] Furthermore, in order to ensure the stability of a single slope protection unit 100 installed on the slope, the side of the embedded part 12 away from the surface layer 1 protrudes behind the cushion layer 2 and can extend into the slope, and the entire slope protection unit 100 is fixed by fixing the embedded part 12 to the slope.

[0048] Embodiment 5:

[0049] Similar to the surface layer 1 made of polymer material, steel-plastic geogrid can also be used as the surface layer 1. Steel-plastic geogrid refers to polyethylene / polypropylene plastic particles processed into strips, adding a certain amount of steel wire before processing to form a unidirectional strip, and then welding the two strips in the vertical and horizontal directions at the intersection of a certain mesh size to form a bidirectional (steel-plastic) geogrid. Compared with traditional grids, it has the characteristics of high strength, strong bearing capacity, corrosion resistance, anti-aging, large friction coefficient, uniform holes, convenient construction, long service life, etc. It can also effectively avoid construction damage caused by crushing and destruction by machinery during construction, and can give full play to the interlocking effect of the grid on the soil. Furthermore, a three-dimensional geogrid may be used as the surface layer 1, which not only has great tensile strength in both the longitudinal and transverse directions and is in full contact with the roadbed, thereby increasing friction and preventing soil erosion of the roadbed, but more importantly, it combines with the soil in a three-dimensional direction in the soil, thereby preventing soil erosion in different directions and enhancing the effect of preventing roadbed settlement; moreover, its structure in the vertical direction may also pass through the cushion layer 2 and serve as a structure for fixing the cushion layer 2.

[0050] Embodiment 6:

[0051] like Figures 6 to 7As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that the multiple embedded parts 12 on the surface layer 1 in the slope protection unit 100 are arranged at the side or corner of the surface layer 1, and abut against the cushion layer 2 to form a snap connection. Considering that multiple slope protection units 100 need to be spliced ​​together to form a slope protection, and multiple slope protection units 100 also need to be connected to each other to maintain the stability of the entire slope protection, the embedded parts 12 are arranged at the corners of the surface layer 11 on the basis of snapping the cushion layer 2 so that adjacent embedded parts form a snap connection and then connect adjacent slope protection units 100. Specifically, the embedded parts 12 can be set as a snap-fitting piece 121 and a locking piece 122, the snap-fitting piece 121 is embedded in the cushion layer 2 to form a snap connection and fixation of the cushion layer, and the locking piece 122 is used to cooperate with each other to connect adjacent surface layers 1.

[0052] Embodiment 7:

[0053] Combination Figures 8 to 9 As shown, the utility model also provides a slope protection system 200, which includes a plurality of the above-mentioned slope protection units 100, and a plurality of surface layers 1 are connected by a locking portion 100a arranged on the main body thereof, wherein the locking portion 100a is a locking member 122 that cooperates with each other, and the entire slope protection system 200 can be fixed by extending the locking portion 100a and / or an external positioning member into the soil of the slope.

[0054] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. Slope protection unit, characterized in that: include: The surface layer is provided with a plurality of through holes penetrating the body thereof for the plants to extend out. The cushion layer at least comprises a porous rib-shaped elastic body, one side of the cushion layer abuts against the surface layer and is pressed down by the surface layer, and the other side of the cushion layer abuts against the slope surface.

2. The slope protection unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the porous rib-shaped elastic body in a non-extrusion deformation state is h1, 0<h1≤30cm.

3. The slope protection unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porosity of the porous rib-like elastic body is P1, 5ppi≤P1≤40ppi.

4. The slope protection unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cushion layer also includes a bottom layer arranged adjacent to the porous rib-shaped elastic body, wherein the bottom layer has a pore structure and abuts against the slope surface.

5. The slope protection unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the bottom layer is h2, 0<h2≤5cm.

6. The slope protection unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The porosity of the bottom layer is P2, 30ppi≤P2≤60ppi.

7. The slope protection unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cushion layer contains plant seeds.

8. The slope protection unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The porous rib-shaped elastic body is connected to the bottom layer through a plant adhesive layer, and the plant adhesive layer contains plant seeds.

9. The slope protection unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface layer also includes an embedding portion, which protrudes downward from the surface layer and is interference-engaged with the cushion layer to fix the cushion layer on one side of the surface layer.

10. The slope protection unit according to claim 9, characterized in that: At least one of the embedded parts is arranged in the middle of the surface layer and penetrates into the cushion layer to form a snap connection.

11. The slope protection unit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The plurality of embedded parts are arranged at the side edges and / or side corners of the surface layer, and are snap-fitted with the side walls of the cushion layer.

12. The slope protection unit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The end of the embedding portion protrudes from the cushion layer and can extend into the slope surface.

13. The slope protection unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface layer is made of concrete, polymer material or steel-plastic geogrid.

14. Slope protection system, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of slope protection units according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the plurality of surface layers are connected via locking portions arranged on the main bodies thereof.

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