Ecological restoration soil fixation structure for high and steep rock slope

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high and steep rock slope ecological restoration soil fixation structure which comprises square battens arranged on the slope surface of a rock slope, tubular vegetation bags and an iron wire net, the iron wire net is fixed on the slope through first fixing ground anchors, the square battens are arranged in the iron wire net, and the tubular vegetation bags are arranged in the square battens. The square battens are fixed to the side slope through the second fixing ground anchors and attached to the side slope, the tubular vegetation bags are arranged outside the iron gauze and fixed to the side slope through the third fixing ground anchors, the square battens and the tubular vegetation bags are arranged in a staggered mode at equal intervals along the side slope, and the side slope, the square battens, the tubular vegetation bags and the iron gauze are covered with a 12-15 cm matrix layer. The ecological restoration soil fixation structure for the high and steep rock slope is high in scouring and erosion resistance, good in ventilation and water retention performance, capable of enhancing soil fertility and achieving long-term continuous growth of slope protection plants so as to achieve the purposes of soil fixation, slope stabilization and vegetation ecological restoration, convenient and fast to construct, capable of being implemented in a rapid and large-scale mode and more economical and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of ecological restoration of high-steep rock slopes, in particular to a soil consolidation structure for ecological restoration of high-steep rock slopes. Background Art

[0002] Mine ecological restoration refers to the project of repairing and transforming ecologically damaged mines through artificial design and technical measures to build a sustainable vegetation system. Abandoned mines often have high and steep exposed slopes, which not only cause landscape damage and environmental pollution in the mining area, waste groundwater and land resources in the mining area, but also may lead to hidden geological disasters such as landslides and collapses, and even cause other social conflicts. Therefore, ecological restoration of abandoned mines is imperative. However, since the slopes formed by abandoned mines are often rock slopes, the stones are dense and hard, and they are high and steep. It is difficult to have the soil, nutrients and water conditions required for plant growth, and the soil consolidation and site conditions are poor, making it extremely difficult for plants to survive. At present, there are still abandoned mines in some areas that are closed and shelved because the high and steep rock slopes they form do not meet the conditions for ecological restoration, and ecological restoration work cannot be carried out.

[0003] Existing slopes usually use transverse mortar ribs to achieve soil consolidation. For example, patent number CN215857767U is a utility model patent for a rock slope greening structure, which includes a drainage ditch opened at the top of the rock slope, and transverse mortar ribs and baffles arranged on the rock slope. The transverse mortar ribs include more than two, and the baffle is transversely arranged between two transverse mortar ribs. A protective net is fixed on the baffle. The rock slope, the transverse mortar ribs, the baffle and the protective net are covered with a nutrient base with a thickness of 1-10 cm, and the nutrient base is covered with 1-2c m of grass-shrub mixture layer, in which the baffles and the sprayed transverse mortar ribs can form a certain strength in a short time. After the nutrient base is sprayed, the baffles and the sprayed transverse mortar ribs are covered, and play a major role in preventing the nutrient base from slipping due to internal and external factors. When the slope ratio is between 1:0.2-1:1, it is necessary to add longitudinal mortar ribs. The transverse mortar ribs and the longitudinal mortar ribs are sprayed alternately and form a slope special-shaped frame with a certain strength in a short time. However, it has the problems of complex construction, slow construction speed, and is not suitable for large-scale implementation.

[0004] Existing slopes also use geocells to achieve a soil-fixing effect. For example, the patent number is CN216275753U, and the name is a utility model patent for an anchored ecological cell structure for ecological restoration of high and steep slopes in mines. The patent includes anchor rods, steel meshes, geocells, mountain rocks, wire meshes, and reinforcing steel wires. The mountain rocks are drilled on the slope surface with a drilling rig, and anchor rods are arranged in a plum blossom shape with a spacing of 2×2m. The steel meshes are laid along the slope surface, welded and reinforced at the intersection of the anchor rods and the steel meshes, and the geocells are tied and connected to the steel meshes along the slope surface, and wire meshes are hung along the outer frame squares of the geocells. Finally, the exposed anchor rods are connected horizontally with reinforcing steel wires. However, the patent has the problem that it cannot effectively fix the soil on large-area steep rock slopes.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the market to develop an ecological restoration soil consolidation structure suitable for high and steep slopes. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a soil-fixing structure for ecological restoration of steep rock slopes, which solves the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art and can effectively fix the matrix material after spraying on steep rock slopes with a slope ratio of 1:0.3 or above. At the same time, it is easy to install, economical and efficient, can be implemented quickly over a large area, and helps to achieve ecological restoration of abandoned open-pit mines.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The utility model discloses an ecological restoration soil consolidation structure for a steep rock slope, comprising square wooden strips, tubular vegetation bags and wire mesh arranged on the surface of the rock slope, wherein the wire mesh is fixed to the slope by a first fixing anchor, the square wooden strips are arranged inside the wire mesh, the square wooden strips are fixed to the slope by a second fixing anchor and fit with the slope, the tubular vegetation bags are arranged outside the wire mesh and fixed to the slope by a third fixing anchor, the square wooden strips and the tubular vegetation bags are staggered at equal intervals along the slope, and the slope, the square wooden strips, the tubular vegetation bags and the wire mesh are covered with a 12-15 cm substrate layer.

[0009] Furthermore, the matrix layer is a composite substrate, including cement, adhesive, hydrophobic agent and bentonite for bonding, and organic fiber, humus, slow-release fertilizer, water-retaining agent and pH regulator for retaining water and fertilizer, so as to provide green plants with the nutrients and moisture required for growing on high and steep rock slopes.

[0010] Furthermore, the first fixing anchors are L-shaped anchors and are arranged in a plum blossom shape with a spacing of 500 mm×500 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the square wooden strips are arranged in a plum blossom shape, and the width×thickness×length of the square wooden strips are 40mm×40mm×400mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the second fixing anchor is an L-shaped anchor.

[0013] Furthermore, the tubular vegetation bags are tied and fixed outside the wire mesh by galvanized iron wire, and the spacing between the upper and lower rows of the tubular vegetation bags is 500 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the wire mesh is a PVC-coated galvanized wire mesh, wherein the wire diameter is ≥2mm and the mesh size is 50mm×50mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the tubular vegetation bag is woven from coarse-mesh fibers, has a size of φ80-90 mm, and a length of 1000-2000 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the gap between the wire mesh and the slope is ≥60mm.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the utility model are:

[0018] 1. The soil-fixing structure for ecological restoration of steep rock slopes of the utility model is provided with square wood strips, tubular vegetation bags and wire mesh. The cavity structure between the wire mesh and the slope surface can fix the composite substrate after spraying, improve the adhesion, stability and thickness of the formed matrix layer, and thus achieve good ecological restoration effect on steep rock slopes with a slope ratio of 1:0.3 or above;

[0019] 2. The tubular vegetation bag in the soil-solidifying structure for ecological restoration of steep rock slopes of the utility model is a tubular bag made of coarse-mesh fiber weaving, such as non-woven fabrics, which can be filled with nutrient soil. Unlike cement mortar grids or geogrids, it can itself serve as the basis for plant growth, creating a good environment for the growth and development of artificially reconstructed plants on the slopes, thereby improving the success rate of ecological restoration of the slopes;

[0020] 3. The high and steep rock slope ecological restoration soil-fixing structure of the utility model has strong anti-scouring and erosion resistance, good air permeability and water retention performance, can enhance soil fertility, and realize long-term and continuous growth of slope protection plants, thereby achieving the purpose of soil fixation, slope stabilization and vegetation ecological restoration;

[0021] 4. The soil-solidifying structure for ecological restoration of steep rock slopes of the utility model is convenient to construct, economical and efficient, can be implemented quickly and on a large scale, and is helpful to realize the ecological restoration of abandoned open-pit mines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high and steep rock slope ecological restoration soil consolidation structure of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the arrangement of wire mesh in the soil consolidation structure for ecological restoration of steep rock slopes according to the utility model.

[0025] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. Slope; 2. Square wooden strips; 3. Tubular vegetation bags; 4. Wire mesh; 5. Second fixed anchor; 6. First fixed anchor; 7. Matrix layer; 8. Third fixed anchor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the high steep rock slope ecological restoration soil consolidation structure of this embodiment includes square wood strips 2, tubular vegetation bags 3 and wire mesh 4 arranged on the rock slope 1, the wire mesh 4 is fixed to the slope 1 by a first fixed anchor 6, the square wood strips 2 are arranged inside the wire mesh 4, the square wood strips 2 are fixed to the slope 1 by a second fixed anchor 5 and fit with the slope 1, the tubular vegetation bag 3 is arranged outside the wire mesh 4 and fixed to the slope 1 by a third fixed anchor 8, the square wood strips 2 and the tubular vegetation bag 3 are staggered at equal intervals along the slope 1, and a 12-15 cm matrix layer 7 is covered on the slope 1, the square wood strips 2, the tubular vegetation bags 3 and the wire mesh 4, wherein the matrix layer 7 is a composite substrate, which includes cement, adhesive, hydrophobic agent and bentonite for bonding, and organic fiber, humus, slow-release fertilizer, water-retaining agent and pH regulator for retaining water and fertilizer, so as to provide the green plants with the nutrients and water required for growth in the high and steep rock slope environment.

[0031] At this time, by comprehensively utilizing the tubular vegetation bags 3, square wooden strips 2 and wire mesh 4, the square wooden strips 2 are arranged inside the wire mesh 4 to fit the slope 1, and the tubular vegetation bags 3 are arranged outside the wire mesh 4 to form a cavity between the wire mesh 4 and the slope 1, so that the matrix layer 7 in the cavity is not easy to be lost, thereby enhancing the adhesion of the substrate on the steep hard rock slope, thereby improving the stability and thickness of the spraying matrix layer, creating a good environment for plant growth, and improving the success rate of vegetation growth.

[0032] Among them, the square wooden strips 2 are arranged in a plum blossom shape, the dimensions of the width × thickness × length of the square wooden strips 2 are 40mm × 40mm × 400mm, the longitudinal and transverse spacing is 500mm × 500mm, and the density is 4 pieces per square meter. Preferably, the second fixed anchor 5 is an L-shaped anchor. At this time, the square wooden strips 2 are fixed to the slope 1 by L-shaped anchors with a specification of Φ10 and a length of 160mm, thereby ensuring its stability and preventing slippage.

[0033] Meanwhile, the wire mesh 4 is made of 14# PVC coated galvanized wire mesh, wherein the wire diameter is ≥2mm, the mesh size is 50mm×50mm, and it is bound with 18# galvanized wire every 30cm, and the gap between the wire mesh 4 and the slope 1 is ≥60mm.

[0034] In addition, the first fixing anchor 6 is an L-shaped anchor and is arranged in a plum blossom shape, with a specification of Φ14 and a spacing of 500mm×500mm. When in use, the density of the first fixing anchor 6 is increased for the locally uneven slope 1 to ensure that the wire mesh 4 is attached to the slope 1; for the slope 1 with a high degree of weathering of the upper rock of the slope, the length of the first fixing anchor 6 is increased to ensure that the wire mesh 4 is firmly combined with the slope 1.

[0035] In addition, the tubular vegetation bag 3 is installed after the wire mesh 4 is laid. The tubular vegetation bag 3 is fixed to the outside of the wire mesh 4 by tying with 18# galvanized iron wire. The spacing between the upper and lower rows of tubular vegetation bags 3 is 500mm. The position of the tubular vegetation bag 3 needs to be staggered with the position of the square wooden strips 2 at equal intervals. Moreover, the tubular vegetation bag 3 is woven from coarse mesh fibers, such as non-woven fabrics and other materials to make a tubular bag that can hold nutrient soil. Unlike cement mortar lattices or geogrids, it itself can serve as the basis for plant growth. Its specific specifications are φ80-90mm and 1000-2000mm long.

[0036] The utility model provides a soil-fixing structure for ecological restoration of steep rock slopes, by arranging square wooden strips, tubular vegetation bags and wire mesh, so as to fix the matrix material after spraying on the steep rock slopes with a slope ratio of 1:0.3 or above, thereby carrying out ecological restoration. The soil-fixing structure for ecological restoration of the slopes has strong resistance to scour and erosion, good air permeability and water retention, can enhance soil fertility, and realize long-term and continuous growth of slope protection plants, thereby achieving the purpose of soil fixation, slope stabilization and vegetation ecological restoration, and the construction is convenient, economical and efficient, and can be implemented quickly and on a large scale, which is conducive to the ecological restoration of abandoned open-pit mines.

[0037] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred methods of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil consolidation structure for ecological restoration of high and steep rock slopes, characterized by: The invention comprises square wooden strips, tubular vegetation bags and wire mesh arranged on the surface of a rock slope, wherein the wire mesh is fixed to the slope by a first fixing anchor, the square wooden strips are arranged inside the wire mesh, the square wooden strips are fixed to the slope by a second fixing anchor and fit the slope, the tubular vegetation bags are arranged outside the wire mesh and fixed to the slope by a third fixing anchor, the square wooden strips and the tubular vegetation bags are staggered at equal intervals along the slope, and the slope, the square wooden strips, the tubular vegetation bags and the wire mesh are covered with a 12-15 cm substrate layer.

2. The high and steep rock slope ecological restoration soil consolidation structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The matrix layer is a composite substrate, including cement, adhesive, hydrophobic agent and bentonite for bonding, and organic fiber, humus, slow-release fertilizer, water-retaining agent and pH regulator for retaining water and fertilizer, so as to provide green plants with the nutrients and moisture required for growing on high and steep rock slopes.

3. The high and steep rock slope ecological restoration soil consolidation structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The first fixing anchors are L-shaped anchors and are arranged in a plum blossom shape with a spacing of 500 mm×500 mm.

4. The high and steep rock slope ecological restoration soil consolidation structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The square wooden strips are arranged in a plum blossom shape, and the width×thickness×length of the square wooden strips are 40mm×40mm×400mm.

5. The high and steep rock slope ecological restoration soil consolidation structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The second fixing anchor is an L-shaped anchor.

6. The high and steep rock slope ecological restoration soil consolidation structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The tubular vegetation bags are fixed outside the wire mesh by tying with galvanized iron wire, and the spacing between the upper and lower rows of the tubular vegetation bags is 500 mm.

7. The high and steep rock slope ecological restoration soil consolidation structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The wire mesh is a PVC-coated galvanized wire mesh, wherein the wire diameter is ≥2mm and the mesh size is 50mm×50mm.

8. The high and steep rock slope ecological restoration soil consolidation structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The tubular vegetation bag is woven from coarse-mesh fibers, has a size of φ80-90 mm, and a length of 1000-2000 mm.

9. A soil consolidation structure for ecological restoration of high and steep rock slopes according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The gap between the wire mesh and the slope is ≥60mm.

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