Solar cell

Abstract

The utility model provides a solar cell, which comprises a cell assembly body, the peripheral edge of the cell assembly body is coated with a sealing structure, and the sealing structure is at least coated on the side wall surface of the cell assembly body. And the sealing structure covers the outer side of the exposed narrow channel of the battery assembly body. According to the solar cell provided by the utility model, the sealing structure is arranged on the peripheral edge, and the sealing structure at least wraps the side wall surface of the cell module body to seal the exposed narrow channel of the cell module body, so that multiple sealing can be formed at least on the side wall surface of the cell module body; therefore, the water vapor resistance of the battery assembly can be improved, and a good use effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of perovskite solar cells, in particular to a solar cell. Background Art

[0002] At present, solar cells include a front panel, a film and a back panel. After the front panel and the back panel are stacked, an exposed narrow channel is formed between the front panel and the back panel. For example, the packaging of perovskite cells usually uses a high water-resistant edge sealant for edge sealing. The high water-resistant edge sealant currently uses butyl glue. Compared with thin-film cells such as amorphous silicon, cadmium telluride, and copper indium gallium selenide, perovskite cells are more sensitive to water vapor. Even if butyl glue is used for conventional edge sealing, after long-term outdoor use, water vapor will still slowly penetrate the butyl glue and penetrate into the component, causing the decomposition of perovskite. Therefore, the packaging structure of perovskite cells needs to be further improved. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the utility model aims to provide a solar cell to improve the water vapor resistance of the battery component.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is implemented as follows:

[0005] A solar cell comprises a battery assembly body, wherein the edges of the battery assembly body are covered with a sealing structure, the sealing structure at least covers the side wall surface of the battery assembly body, and the sealing structure covers the outside of the exposed narrow channel of the battery assembly body.

[0006] Furthermore, the sealing structure includes an inner sealing layer and an outer water-blocking layer, the inner sealing layer is connected to the battery assembly body, and the outer water-blocking layer is coated on the outer side of the inner sealing layer.

[0007] Furthermore, the inner sealant layer includes a first barrier and a second barrier sequentially arranged along the water vapor intrusion path; a water vapor barrier cavity is provided in the first barrier, or in the second barrier, or between the first barrier and the second barrier.

[0008] Furthermore, the water vapor barrier cavity is filled with a hygroscopic body.

[0009] Furthermore, the water barrier rate of the first barrier body is greater than or equal to the water barrier rate of the second barrier body.

[0010] Furthermore, in the longitudinal section of the battery assembly body, both ends of the sealing structure extend to the front plate and the back plate of the battery assembly body respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer edge of the inner sealing layer is in a tapered structure, and the edge of the outer water-blocking layer passes over the outer edge of the inner sealing layer and contacts the outer surface of the battery assembly body.

[0012] Furthermore, the invention comprises at least one of the following features: (1) the outer water-blocking layer is made of a metal film; (2) the thickness d of the outer water-blocking layer is between 0.02 mm and 1 mm; (3) the material of the inner sealing layer is butyl rubber; (4) the connection surface between the outer water-blocking layer and the inner sealing layer is a non-glossy connection.

[0013] Furthermore, the battery assembly body includes a front plate, a battery core layer, an adhesive film and a back plate which are stacked in sequence, the adhesive film covers and wraps the outside of the battery core layer, and the adhesive film connects the front plate and the back plate.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes an edge sealer, which is arranged on the outer circle of the adhesive film and located between the front plate and the back plate. The edge sealer seals the exposed narrow channel and connects the front plate and the back plate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0016] The solar cell described in the utility model seals the exposed narrow channel of the battery assembly body by means of a sealing structure arranged on the edges all around, and making the sealing structure at least cover the side wall surface of the battery assembly body. On the one hand, multiple seals can be formed at least on the side wall surface of the battery assembly body, thereby improving the water vapor resistance of the battery assembly and having a good use effect; on the other hand, the sealing layer of the battery assembly body is placed outside the outer side surface of the battery assembly body, which can minimize the setting width of the edge seal of the battery assembly body itself or eliminate the need to set the edge seal in the battery assembly body, thereby increasing the effective area of ​​the battery core layer in the battery assembly body and thus increasing the power generation capacity.

[0017] In addition, the sealing structure uses an inner sealing layer and an outer water-blocking layer, and the outer water-blocking layer is coated on the outer side of the inner sealing layer, thereby forming a multi-layer seal, which can further improve the water vapor resistance of the battery assembly. The arrangement of the first barrier and the second barrier can extend the water vapor invasion path without affecting the overall power generation efficiency of the battery assembly body, and combined with the water vapor barrier cavity, it can slow down the invasion of water vapor, which can further improve the water vapor resistance of the battery assembly body. A hygroscopic body is arranged in the water vapor barrier layer, which can adsorb the water vapor blocked by the first barrier, further slow down the invasion of water vapor, and extend the time for water vapor to enter the battery assembly body.

[0018] Secondly, the water barrier of the first barrier is set to be greater than or equal to the water barrier of the second barrier, so that the water vapor first passes through the first barrier with a larger water barrier along the intrusion path, and then passes through the second barrier with a smaller water barrier, so that the water vapor can be better blocked and the overall cost can be reduced. The two ends of the sealing structure extend to the front plate and the back plate of the battery assembly body respectively, which can further improve the packaging effect of the edge of the battery assembly body.

[0019] Furthermore, the outer edge of the inner sealing layer is a tapered structure, and the edge of the outer water-blocking layer passes over the outer edge of the inner sealing layer and contacts the outer surface of the battery assembly body. This can prevent the inner sealing layer from being exposed to the air and improve the sealing effect between the edge of the sealing structure and the outer surface of the battery assembly.

[0020] In addition, the water-blocking layer adopts a metal film, which has a good water-blocking effect. The thickness of the metal film can be limited to take into account multiple aspects such as cost, weight reduction and water-blocking properties. The connection surface between the outer water-blocking layer and the inner sealing layer is non-glossy, which can increase the bonding strength between the metal film and the first barrier. The setting of the film can encapsulate the battery core layer and improve the encapsulation effect of the battery core layer. The edge sealant set on the outer ring of the film can further seal the exposed narrow channel, and combined with the setting of the sealing structure, it can further form a multi-layer seal, which can further improve the water vapor resistance of the battery assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Description of reference numerals:

[0025] 1. Battery assembly body; 2. Adhesive film; 3. Back plate; 5. Front plate; 6. Battery core layer; 10. Hygroscopic body; 40. Water vapor barrier cavity; 41. Inner sealing adhesive layer; 411. First barrier; 412. Second barrier; 42. Outer water barrier layer 43. Edge sealant. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer" and the like indicating orientation or positional relationship, they are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, if there are terms such as "first" and "second", they are also used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection" and "connector" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in combination with specific circumstances.

[0029] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments.

[0030] The present embodiment relates to a solar cell, which can improve the water vapor resistance of a solar cell component.

[0031] In terms of overall composition, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the solar cell of this embodiment includes a battery assembly body 1, and the edges of the battery assembly body 1 are covered with a sealing structure. The sealing structure at least covers the side wall surface of the battery assembly body 1, and the sealing structure covers the outer side of the exposed narrow channel of the battery assembly body 1.

[0032] In the above structure, a sealing structure is arranged on the edges of the battery assembly body 1, and the sealing structure at least covers the side wall surface of the battery assembly body 1 to seal the exposed narrow channel of the battery assembly body 1. In this way, multiple seals can be formed on at least the side wall surface of the battery assembly body 1, thereby improving the water vapor resistance of the battery assembly.

[0033] For more details, see Figure 1In this embodiment, the battery assembly body 1 includes a front plate 5, a battery core layer 6, an adhesive film 2 and a back plate 3 which are stacked in sequence, and the adhesive film 2 covers and wraps the outside of the battery core layer 6, and the adhesive film 2 connects the front plate 5 and the back plate 3. Among them, the gap formed between the stacked front plate 5 and the back plate 3 forms the above-mentioned exposed narrow channel. In addition, the adhesive film 2 can better encapsulate the battery core layer 6, and preferably, the adhesive film 2 is usually made of POE, PVB or PET. At this time, by means of the external sealing structure on the battery assembly body 1, there is no need to set the edge seal 43 in the battery assembly body 1, thereby increasing the effective area of ​​the battery core layer 6 in the battery assembly body 1, thereby increasing the power generation power.

[0034] In the existing packaging structure, if the battery component life is pursued, the power generation power can only be sacrificed. If the power is pursued, the component life cannot be met. As a result, the battery component body 1, such as the perovskite component, cannot have both power and component life.

[0035] To this end, in the solar cell of this embodiment, a sealing structure is wrapped around the edges of the battery assembly body 1 as one of the preferred implementations, such as Figure 1 As shown, the sealing structure of this embodiment is coated on the side wall surface of the battery assembly body 1 and covers the outside of the exposed narrow channel of the battery assembly body 1. At this time, multiple seals can be formed on the side wall surface of the battery assembly body 1 to improve the water vapor resistance of the battery assembly.

[0036] In addition, the sealing structure of this embodiment further includes an edge seal 43, which is arranged on the outer ring of the adhesive film 2 and is located between the front plate 5 and the back plate 3. The edge seal 43 seals the exposed narrow passage, and the edge seal 43 connects the front plate 5 and the back plate 3. The edge seal 43 arranged on the outer ring of the adhesive film 2 can further seal the exposed narrow passage, and combined with the setting of the sealing structure, a multi-layer seal can be further formed, which can further improve the water vapor resistance of the battery assembly.

[0037] On the basis of the front plate 5 and the back plate 3 being respectively covered at both ends of the sealing structure, in this embodiment, on the longitudinal section of the battery assembly body 1, the size L of the edge sealing body 43 is between 0-30mm, that is, the packaging width of the edge sealing body 43 is between 0-30mm. Compared with the structure of the packaging width of about 60mm in the prior art, it can reduce the size of the edge sealing body 43 extending into the battery assembly body 1, improve the power of the battery assembly body 1, and ensure the effective width of the packaging, thereby ensuring the service life of the battery assembly.

[0038] In this embodiment, the edge seal 43 is butyl rubber. The width of the butyl rubber, that is, the distance between the outer edge of the packaging film 2 and the outer edge of the battery component body 1, is proportional to the water vapor resistance period. The wider the butyl rubber, the longer the time for water vapor to penetrate the butyl rubber, and the longer the component's water vapor resistance period. However, the wider the butyl rubber, the wider the film removal area of ​​the power generation film around the battery is required, the smaller the power generation area is, and the smaller the component power is.

[0039] By placing the sealing layer of the battery assembly body 1 on the outer side of the battery assembly body 1, the width of the edge seal 43 of the battery assembly body 1 can be reduced as much as possible, or the edge seal 43 does not need to be provided in the battery assembly body 1, thereby increasing the effective area of ​​the battery core layer 6 in the battery assembly body 1, thereby increasing the power generation. It is also possible to add an external sealing structure on the basis of the edge seal 43 provided on the battery assembly body, thereby forming a multi-layer protection and improving the water-proof oxygen capability.

[0040] As another preferred embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, in the longitudinal section of the battery assembly body 1, the two ends of the sealing structure extend to the front plate 5 and the back plate 3 of the battery assembly body 1. Specifically, the sealing structure of this embodiment not only covers the side wall surface of the battery assembly body 1, but also extends to the front plate 5 and the back plate 3 of the battery assembly body 1 to fully cover the edges of the battery assembly body 1, while increasing the contact area between the sealing structure and the battery assembly body 1, and extending the length of the water vapor intrusion path, so as to further improve the packaging effect of the edge of the battery assembly body.

[0041] In some feasible implementations, the sealing structure of this embodiment includes an inner sealing layer 41 and an outer water-blocking layer 42, the inner sealing layer 41 is connected to the battery assembly body 1, and the outer water-blocking layer 42 is coated on the outer side of the inner sealing layer 41 and connected to the battery assembly body 1. The sealing structure uses the inner sealing layer 41 and the outer water-blocking layer 42, and the outer water-blocking layer 42 is coated on the outer side of the inner sealing layer 41, thereby forming a multi-layer seal, which can further improve the water vapor resistance of the battery assembly.

[0042] Continue to view Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the inner sealant layer 41 specifically includes a first barrier 411 and a second barrier 412 arranged in sequence along the water vapor intrusion path. A water vapor barrier cavity 40 is provided in the first barrier 411, or in the second barrier 412, or between the first barrier 411 and the second barrier 412. The arrangement of the first barrier 411 and the second barrier 412 can extend the water vapor intrusion path without affecting the overall power generation efficiency of the battery assembly body 1, and combined with the provided water vapor barrier cavity 40, it can slow down the intrusion of water vapor, which can further improve the water vapor resistance of the battery assembly body.

[0043] It should be noted that the water vapor barrier cavity 40 can be arranged only in the first barrier body 411, or only in the second barrier body 412, or between the first barrier body 411 and the second barrier body 412. In this embodiment, as a preferred embodiment, the water vapor barrier cavity 40 is arranged in the first barrier body 411, and two of them are arranged at intervals. The two water vapor barrier cavities 40 are respectively located on the outside of the front plate 5 and the back plate 3, and are filled with a hygroscopic body 10. It can be understood that the number of water vapor barrier cavities 40 can be set accordingly according to actual needs, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0044] As a further preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, a moisture absorber 10 is filled in the water vapor barrier cavity 40. The moisture absorber 10 is preferably any one of a molecular sieve, moisture absorbent paper, moisture absorbent, and moisture absorbent particles, which are widely used and have a good moisture absorption effect. Moreover, the moisture blocked by the first barrier 411 can be adsorbed, further slowing down the invasion of moisture, and prolonging the time for moisture to enter the battery assembly body 1.

[0045] Also as a further preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, the water barrier rate of the first barrier 411 is greater than or equal to the water barrier rate of the second barrier 412. In this way, the water vapor first passes through the first barrier 411 with a larger water barrier rate along the water vapor invasion path, and then passes through the second barrier 412 with a smaller water barrier rate, thereby better blocking the water vapor. In the specific implementation, the material of the first barrier 411 and the second barrier 412 is preferably butyl rubber. Among them, the first barrier 411 is located at the front end of the water vapor invasion path, first contacts the water vapor and plays a major role. The first barrier 411 with a higher water barrier rate can improve the water vapor blocking effect. The second barrier 412 is located at the rear end of the water vapor invasion path, and its water barrier rate can be lower than the first barrier 411, and its cost is lower.

[0046] It can be understood here that the water resistance of the first barrier 411 can also be set to be smaller than the water resistance of the first barrier 412, but the effect of blocking water vapor is not as significant as the above-mentioned form in which the water resistance of the first barrier 411 is greater than or equal to the water resistance of the second barrier 412.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, in the longitudinal section of the battery assembly body 1, the two ends of the sealing structure extend to the front plate and the back plate 3 of the battery assembly body 1 respectively. In addition, the outer edge of the inner sealing layer 41 is a tapered structure, and the edge of the outer water-blocking layer 42 passes over the outer edge of the inner sealing layer 41 and contacts the outer surface of the battery assembly body 1. In this way, the inner sealing layer can be prevented from being exposed to the air, further improving the packaging effect of the edge of the battery assembly body, and the two ends of the sealing structure can better cover the outer side of the front plate and the back plate 3 of the battery assembly body 1, thereby improving the sealing effect between the edge of the sealing structure and the outer surface of the battery assembly.

[0048] In a specific implementation, the dimension of the second barrier 412 extending into the battery assembly body 1 can be set to 0 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm, 25 mm or 30 mm, etc. When it is set to 0 mm, the outer edge of the packaging film 2 is flush with the outer edge of the back plate 3 or is located within the coverage of the back plate 3, that is, the edge seal 43 is not provided.

[0049] Still viewing Figure 1 As shown, the outer water-blocking layer 42 of this embodiment can be made of a metal film or a non-metal film, and the material of the metal film can be a metal material such as aluminum foil, copper foil, etc. The non-metal material can be a film with water-blocking properties such as POE, PVB, PET, etc.; or the material of the outer water-blocking layer 42 can also be the same as the material of the inner sealing layer, such as a water-blocking sealant, and more specifically, for example, both use butyl glue, that is, an embodiment when the sealing structure is only one layer.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment, the outer water-blocking layer 42 of this embodiment is made of a metal film, which has a good water-blocking effect. In addition, the thickness d of the metal film is between 0.02-1 mm. By limiting the thickness of the metal film, the cost, weight reduction and water-blocking performance of the packaging structure can be taken into account, so that the cost is low, the weight is light and the water-blocking performance is good.

[0051] In a specific implementation, the thickness d of the metal film can be set to 0.02 mm, 0.05 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.35 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.45 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.55 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.65 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.75 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.85 mm, 0.9 mm, 0.95 mm or 1.0 mm, for example.

[0052] As a further preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, the connection surface of the outer water-blocking layer 42 and the inner sealant layer 41 is connected in a non-glossy surface, so that the knurling provided on the metal film can increase the bonding strength between the metal film and the first barrier. As a preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, knurling is formed on at least one side of the metal film facing the inner sealant layer 41. In this way, the characteristics of the knurling structure can be used to increase the bonding strength between the metal film and the first barrier 411. In this embodiment, knurling is formed on both sides of the metal film, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing.

[0053] It is worth mentioning that the non-glossy surface mentioned above specifically includes contact forms such as wavy surface, serrated surface, and dotted surface, and its purpose is to increase the contact area between the inner and outer layers to prevent falling off and extend the length of the water-blocking channel.

[0054] In addition, it should also be noted that the solar cell of this embodiment may be a perovskite solar cell, or a solar cell made of thin films such as crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, cadmium telluride, and copper indium gallium selenide.

[0055] The solar cell of this embodiment can be multi-sealed on the edges of the battery assembly, thereby improving the water vapor resistance of the battery assembly and increasing the service life of the solar cell.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar cell, characterized in that: It comprises a battery assembly body (1), wherein the edges of the battery assembly body (1) are covered with a sealing structure, the sealing structure at least covers the side wall surface of the battery assembly body (1), and the sealing structure covers the outside of the exposed narrow channel of the battery assembly body (1).

2. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing structure comprises an inner sealing adhesive layer (41) and an outer water-blocking layer (42), wherein the inner sealing adhesive layer (41) is connected to the battery assembly body (1), and the outer water-blocking layer (42) is coated on the outer side of the inner sealing adhesive layer (41).

3. The solar cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner sealant layer (41) comprises a first barrier (411) and a second barrier (412) which are sequentially arranged along the water vapor intrusion path; A water vapor barrier cavity (40) is provided in the first barrier (411), or in the second barrier (412), or between the first barrier (411) and the second barrier (412).

4. The solar cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water vapor barrier cavity (40) is filled with a moisture absorbent (10).

5. The solar cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water barrier rate of the first barrier (411) is greater than or equal to the water barrier rate of the second barrier (412).

6. The solar cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the longitudinal section of the battery assembly body (1), two ends of the sealing structure extend to the front plate (5) and the back plate (3) of the battery assembly body (1) respectively.

7. The solar cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer edge of the inner sealing adhesive layer (41) is in a tapered structure, and the edge of the outer water-blocking layer (42) passes over the outer edge of the inner sealing adhesive layer (41) and contacts the outer surface of the battery assembly body (1).

8. The solar cell according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: Contains at least one of the following features: (1) The outer water-blocking layer (42) is made of a metal film; (2) The thickness d of the outer water-blocking layer (42) is between 0.02 mm and 1 mm; (3) The material of the inner sealing rubber layer (41) is butyl rubber; (4) The connection surface between the outer water-blocking layer (42) and the inner sealant layer (41) is a non-glossy connection.

9. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery assembly body (1) comprises a front plate (5), a battery core layer (6), an adhesive film (2) and a back plate (3) which are stacked in sequence, the adhesive film (2) covers and wraps around the outside of the battery core layer (6), and the adhesive film (2) connects the front plate (5) and the back plate (3).

10. The solar cell according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes an edge seal (43), which is arranged on the outer circle of the adhesive film (2) and located between the front plate (5) and the back plate (3), and the edge seal (43) seals the exposed narrow channel, and the edge seal (43) connects the front plate (5) and the back plate (3).

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