Passive fire extinguishing structure of vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vehicle passive fire extinguishing structure, relates to the technical field of automobile batteries, and aims to solve the problems that the feedback and prevention and control precision of battery thermal runaway is poor, and the damage transmission range of the battery thermal runaway is large. According to the utility model, the protective bracket, the first protective cover, the shielding cavity and the first protective paste are arranged, so that the area precision of battery thermal runaway protection treatment is improved, the transmission range of battery thermal runaway damage is reduced, and the battery thermal runaway protection effect and the battery use safety are improved. By arranging the circulating pipe seat, the second protective cover, the first protective sticker and the second protective sticker, the circulating and protection smoothness of thermal runaway smoke of various batteries is improved, the accuracy of thermal runaway protection feedback is improved, and the thermal runaway cost of the batteries is reduced. By arranging the heat-conducting fin, the expansion telescopic rod and the feedback transceiving device, the influence of vibration noise on battery thermal runaway feedback is reduced, and the battery thermal runaway monitoring feedback precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile batteries, in particular to a passive fire extinguishing structure for a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the development of industry, new energy vehicles are becoming more and more popular. Their power mode is different from traditional petroleum energy. New energy vehicles use electricity as part or all of the power source. The source of electricity is wide, and compared with oil, electricity is more sustainable. At present, automobile batteries are key components of power assemblies. Their safety and economy determine the use efficiency of new energy vehicles. Even in some industrial fields, automobile batteries can be directly used as the main energy supply. Automobile batteries have a wide range of uses, and their safety is the basis for ensuring the use of new energy vehicles and other industrial equipment that use them as a power source.

[0003] At present, due to their structural properties, most automotive power batteries will generate working heat inside the battery. The heat from the environment can be regulated by installing auxiliary temperature control components on industrial equipment, but the heat inside the battery is often difficult to dissipate directly after the assembly is packaged. Therefore, the heat generated inside the battery will cause battery damage if not handled properly, affecting the safety of industrial equipment and the external environment.

[0004] In the prior art, most automotive batteries are single cells integrated into battery packs and then modularly integrated and packaged in battery boxes. Since the integration and assembly of these batteries are mostly based on single cells, when the local single cell structure is damaged, the thermal runaway caused by it will affect other undamaged single cells. In severe cases, it may even explode and burn a large area of ​​the integrated battery pack. The existing battery thermal runaway often requires passive feedback to trigger fire extinguishing when it reaches a limited temperature or other detection conditions. Otherwise, the active fire extinguishing and cooling that relies on manual or automatic control in the first time of thermal runaway may fail and cause irreparable losses.

[0005] In the prior art, for example, Japanese invention patent JP6231266B2 discloses an electric vehicle fire extinguishing system. In the technical solution of the invention patent, an insert-type structure similar to the spatial structure of a single cell or a battery pack is adopted, and a fire extinguishing agent is loaded therein. When the battery thermal runaway generates combustion, the fire extinguishing agent release passage is ignited in the insert-type structure to extinguish the battery pack in the entire integrated space. The spatial structure occupied by the technical solution is the spatial range of a single cell or a battery pack, and the utilization effect of the spatial structure is poor. There may be a situation where the fire extinguishing range is small and the fire extinguishing fails. Moreover, since the combustion interruption action is generated inside the integrated space, it is possible to promote the initial ignition state of thermal runaway, thereby causing a more severe thermal runaway situation. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model aims to provide a passive fire extinguishing structure for a vehicle to solve the problems of poor feedback and prevention and control accuracy of battery thermal runaway and a large range of battery thermal runaway damage transmission.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model specifically provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A vehicle passive fire extinguishing structure includes an integrated box, a storage cavity is provided in the integrated box, a battery pack is provided in the storage cavity, a first partition and a second partition are provided in the storage cavity, and the battery pack is provided between the first partition and the second partition;

[0009] The battery pack has a fire extinguishing patch on the side that can suppress thermal runaway and extinguish fires;

[0010] By arranging a protective bracket, a first protective cover, a shielding cavity, a fire extinguishing patch and a first protective patch, the area accuracy of the battery thermal runaway protection treatment is improved, the transmission range of the battery thermal runaway damage is reduced, the battery thermal runaway protection reaction processing time is increased, and the battery thermal runaway protection effect and the safety of battery use are improved.

[0011] Preferably, a prevention and control component is also provided on the side of the battery pack, which includes a protective bracket fixedly connected to the side of the battery pack, a first protective cover is slidably connected to the other end of the protective bracket, a second protective cover is fixedly connected to the other end of the first protective cover, and a first protective sticker is fixedly connected to one end of the second protective cover in the direction of smoke inflow.

[0012] Preferably, a protective working chamber is provided in the second protective cover, and the second protective sticker and the first protective sticker are fixedly connected in the protective working chamber, and the first protective sticker is located between the second protective sticker and the battery pack;

[0013] By providing the first protective cover, the first protective sticker, the second protective sticker and the second protective cover, the maintenance pressure of the battery thermal runaway protection is reduced and the protection accuracy of the battery thermal runaway is improved.

[0014] Preferably, two groups of flow tube seats are fixedly connected in the side wall of the protective working chamber, the second protective sticker is located between the two groups of flow tube seats in the direction of smoke flow, and the first protective sticker is located between the adapter tube seat and the battery pack in the direction of smoke flow;

[0015] By providing a circulation pipe seat, a second protective cover, a first protective sticker and a second protective sticker, the smoothness of the battery thermal runaway smoke circulation and protection is improved, the accuracy of the thermal runaway protection feedback is improved, and the battery thermal runaway cost is reduced.

[0016] Preferably, the output end of the flow tube seat is rotatably connected to a transfer tube seat, which reduces the possibility of impact vibration caused by thermal runaway protection and improves the stability and protection efficiency of the battery thermal runaway protection.

[0017] Preferably, a protective limit plug is slidably connected to the side of the battery pack, which reduces the interference of battery thermal runaway protection on heat dissipation and improves battery performance.

[0018] Preferably, a monitoring assembly is provided on the side of the battery pack, the monitoring assembly comprises a feedback transceiver and a heat conducting sheet fixedly connected to the side of the battery pack, an expansion and telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the side of the heat conducting sheet, and the expansion and telescopic rod is slidably connected in the feedback transceiver;

[0019] By providing a heat conducting sheet, an expansion and telescopic rod, and a feedback transceiver, the influence of vibration noise on the battery thermal runaway feedback is reduced, the accuracy of the battery thermal runaway monitoring feedback is improved, and the stability and reliability of the battery thermal runaway protection are improved.

[0020] Preferably, a feedback processor is fixedly connected to the side of the battery pack, and a disconnect push rod is dynamically connected to the output end of the feedback processor;

[0021] By providing a feedback processor, a disconnect push rod and a protective limit plug, the reliability and control accuracy of the battery thermal runaway protection and the heat dissipation flow state switching are improved, and the protection accuracy of suppressing the battery thermal runaway is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation of the utility model or the technical solution in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the implementation or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly relationship between the integrated box and the prevention and control components of the vehicle passive fire extinguishing structure of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly relationship between the prevention and control components and the integrated box of the passive fire extinguishing structure of the vehicle of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the central control component;

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A local enlarged schematic diagram of the middle A;

[0027] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle;

[0028] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point C in the middle;

[0029] Figure 7 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle protection limit plug;

[0030] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the assembly relationship between the second partition and the battery pack.

[0031] Figure numbers: integrated box 10; storage chamber 11; first partition 12; second partition 13; battery power supply chamber 14; battery pack 15; partition bracket 16; prevention and control component 30; second protective cover 31; protective working chamber 32; first protective sticker 33; second protective sticker 34; first protective cover 35; flow tube seat 36; adapter tube seat 37; protective bracket 38; protective limit plug 39; shielding chamber 40; feedback processor 51; disconnect push rod 52; monitoring component 60; feedback transceiver 61; heat conductive sheet 62; feedback protective cover 63; expansion and telescopic rod 65. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0033] The following first describes the concepts involved in the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following description of each concept is only to make the content of the present application easier to understand, and does not limit the scope of protection of the present application; at the same time, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other in the absence of conflict. The present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] Refer to the attached Figure 2 To Attachment Figure 5 As shown, the utility model provides a passive fire extinguishing structure for a vehicle, including an integrated box 10, a storage chamber 11 is provided in the integrated box 10, a battery pack 15 is provided in the storage chamber 11, a first partition 12 and a second partition 13 are provided in the storage chamber 11, the battery pack 15 is provided between the first partition 12 and the second partition 13, and a fire extinguishing patch is provided on the side of the battery pack 15 for suppressing thermal runaway and extinguishing fire.

[0036] Refer to the attached Figure 2 To Attachment Figure 5As shown, a prevention and control component 30 is also provided on the side of the battery pack 15, and the prevention and control component 30 includes a protection bracket 38 fixedly connected to the side of the battery pack 15, and the other end of the protection bracket 38 is slidably connected to a first protection cover 35, and the other end of the first protection cover 35 is fixedly connected to a second protection cover 31, and one end of the second protection cover 31 in the direction of smoke inflow is fixedly connected to a first protection sticker 33;

[0037] The sliding connection between the first protective cover 35 and the protective bracket 38 is provided with a spring that maintains a contraction tendency, which can maintain the sliding fit between the protective bracket 38 and the first protective cover 35 and maintain the tendency of the first protective cover 35 to slide closer to the protective bracket 38.

[0038] A shielding cavity 40 is provided in the first protective cover 35, and the first protective sticker 33 is located on the side wall of the shielding cavity 40 in the outflow direction of the smoke generated by the battery thermal runaway. The side walls of the adjacent battery packs 15 in the storage cavity 11 are separated by the separation bracket 16 to form an installation space for the prevention and control component 30, and the side walls of the adjacent battery packs 15 are kept away from being pressed against each other, thereby increasing the battery thermal runaway protection installation volume ratio, ensuring the heat dissipation and circulation of the battery pack 15 side walls, and improving the compactness of the thermal runaway protection installation;

[0039] The battery pack 15 is provided with a battery supply chamber 14, which is a storage space for the battery functional structure layer. When the battery pack 15 and the battery supply chamber 14 are transferred to the battery thermal runaway damage, the shielding cavity 40 can cover the corresponding area of ​​the battery supply chamber 14 on the side of the battery pack 15, and the runaway heat generated in the battery supply chamber 14 and transferred to the battery pack 15 is stored in the end face range of the first protective cover 35 facing the battery pack 15. After the thermal runaway spreads or the severity escalates, the first protective sticker 33 can directly withstand the heat transferred to the surface of the battery pack 15. Thermal runaway heat and pressure, so that under the covering effect of the first protective cover 35 and the first protective sticker 33, the scope of battery thermal runaway transmission damage is limited to the surface of the battery pack 15, blocking the battery thermal runaway damage from being transmitted to other batteries, improving the area accuracy of battery thermal runaway protection treatment, reducing the transmission range of battery thermal runaway damage, improving the effect of suppressing battery thermal runaway, delaying the transmission process of battery thermal runaway damage, increasing the reaction processing time for battery thermal runaway protection, and improving the battery thermal runaway protection effect and the safety of battery use.

[0040] See attached Figure 3 To Attachment Figure 5 As shown, a protective working chamber 32 is provided in the second protective cover 31, and a second protective sticker 34 and a first protective sticker 33 are fixedly connected in the protective working chamber 32, and the first protective sticker 33 is located between the second protective sticker 34 and the battery pack 15;

[0041] The first protective sticker 33 and the second protective sticker 34 are both fixedly installed in the side wall of the protective working chamber 32 in a direction parallel to the installation side of the battery pack 15. The distance between the lower end surface of the first protective sticker 33 and the side surface of the battery pack 15 is smaller than the distance between the lower end surface of the second protective cover 31 and the side surface of the battery pack 15. The thermal runaway heat transmitted from the side surface of the battery pack 15 consumed by the first protective sticker 33 can be increased relative to the lower end of the second protective cover 31, and a lower degree of battery thermal runaway heat can be borne by the first protective sticker 33. When a higher degree of battery thermal runaway occurs, the first protective cover 3 5 slides in the direction of the protective bracket 38, driving the second protective cover 31 to cover the side of the battery pack 15. At this time, the first protective sticker 33 is destroyed by the battery thermal runaway before the second protective sticker 34, and then the second protective sticker 34 bears the next stage of battery thermal runaway destruction, which increases the processing stage of battery thermal runaway protection. The segmented thermal runaway protection can further improve the battery thermal runaway protection reaction time, improve the step accuracy of the battery thermal runaway prevention and control processing, avoid the weak battery thermal runaway protection to increase the maintenance pressure of suppressing thermal runaway, and improve the battery thermal runaway protection accuracy.

[0042] See attached Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 3 And attached Figure 5 As shown, two groups of flow tube seats 36 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the protective working chamber 32, the second protective sticker 34 is located between the two groups of flow tube seats 36 in the direction of smoke flow, and the first protective sticker 33 is located between the adapter tube seat 37 and the battery pack 15 in the direction of smoke flow;

[0043] The flow pipe seat 36 is connected to the outside of the integrated box 10 through a one-way pipe. The flow pipe seat 36 located at the lower end direction of the smoke inflow of the protective working chamber 32 will guide the battery thermal runaway smoke that enters the protective working chamber 32 after destroying the first protective sticker 33 to the outside of the battery pack. This part of the battery thermal runaway smoke can be consumed by direct discharge or other safe treatment methods. Another group of flow pipe seats 36 located in the side wall of the protective working chamber 32 between the side wall of the protective working chamber 32 and the second protective sticker 34 in the smoke outflow direction can be connected to the one-way pipe. After the second protective sticker 34 is destroyed by thermal runaway, the fire extinguishing agent and other treatment agents provided outside the integrated box 10 can be automatically introduced into the protective working chamber 32, so as to protect and eliminate the thermal runaway transmitted from the side of the battery pack 15, thereby improving the smoothness of smoke circulation and protection of various battery thermal runaway degrees, such as weaker and more severe, improving the accuracy of thermal runaway protection feedback, improving the processing accuracy of thermal runaway protection, and reducing the battery thermal runaway cost and maintenance pressure.

[0044] See attached Figure 5As shown, the output end of the flow tube seat 36 is rotatably connected to the adapter tube seat 37; the adapter tube seat 37 is rotatably connected to the end of the flow tube seat 36 facing the outside of the protection working chamber 32, so that the flow pipe of the thermal runaway protection can be flexibly installed in the integrated box 10, thereby improving the smoothness of the thermal runaway protection flow, reducing the possibility of impact vibration in the thermal runaway protection flow path, and improving the stability and protection efficiency of the battery thermal runaway protection.

[0045] See attached Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 As shown, a protective stopper 39 is slidably connected to the side of the battery pack 15, and the protective stopper 39 can cut off the contact between the end face of the first protective cover 35 in the smoke inflow direction and the side of the battery pack 15;

[0046] The protective stopper 39 can limit the protective stopper 39 to slide on the protective bracket 38 to a stop position close to the side of the battery pack 15, making it easier for the second protective cover 31, the first protective sticker 33 and the first protective cover 35 to stick to the side of the battery pack 15 to limit the transmission of thermal runaway damage and release the switching of the heat dissipation circulation space on the side of the battery pack 15, thereby reducing the interference of battery thermal runaway protection on heat dissipation and improving battery performance.

[0047] See attached Figure 4 To Attachment Figure 6 As shown, a monitoring assembly 60 is provided on the side of the battery pack 15, and the monitoring assembly 60 includes a feedback transceiver 61 and a heat conducting sheet 62 fixedly connected to the side of the battery pack 15, an expansion and telescopic rod 65 is fixedly connected to the side of the heat conducting sheet 62, and the expansion and telescopic rod 65 is slidably connected inside the feedback transceiver 61;

[0048] The contact area range of the heat conductive sheet 62 and the side of the battery pack 15 is adapted to the range transmitted from the battery power supply chamber 14 to the side of the battery pack 15. The heat conductive sheet 62 and the expansion and telescopic rod 65 are encapsulated and stored by arranging a feedback protection cover 63 at the end of the heat conductive sheet 62 away from the side of the battery pack 15. This can reduce the interference of other factors on the heat conduction between the heat conductive sheet 62 and the side of the battery pack 15, and improve the accuracy of the feedback and transmission of the battery thermal runaway heat by the expansion and telescopic rod 65. The expansion and telescopic rod 65 transmits the thermal runaway temperature of the side of the battery pack 15 monitored by the heat conductive sheet 62 to the feedback control device 61 to open and close, which can reduce the influence of vibration noise on the battery thermal runaway feedback, improve the accuracy of the battery thermal runaway monitoring feedback, and improve the stability and reliability of the battery thermal runaway protection.

[0049] See attached Figure 4 To Attachment Figure 6 As shown, a feedback processor 51 is fixedly connected to the side of the battery pack 15, and a disconnect push rod 52 is connected to the output end of the feedback processor 51. The disconnect push rod 52 can drive the protective limit stopper 39 to switch the sliding stop position on the side of the battery pack 15;

[0050] The feedback processor 51 is connected to the feedback transceiver 61 through a control line and receives and processes the feedback control signal of the feedback transceiver 61. The feedback processor 51 controls the power disconnection of the disconnect push rod 52 installed thereon under the instruction of the feedback control signal. The disconnect push rod 52 can generate thrust to control the sliding position of the protective limit plug 39, thereby controlling the contact disconnection between the end face of the smoke input direction of the first protective cover 35 and the side of the battery pack 15. The disconnect push rod 52 can push the protective limit plug 39 to disengage the limit on the first protective cover 35 on the protective bracket 38, and then return to its position after the power of the feedback processor 51 is cut off, which can avoid interfering with the sliding movement of the first protective cover 35 toward the side of the battery pack 15, thereby improving the reliability and control accuracy of the battery thermal runaway protection and the heat dissipation flow state switching, improving the response accuracy of the passive fire extinguishing feedback control, and improving the protection accuracy of suppressing battery thermal runaway.

[0051] Embodiment 2

[0052] The materials used in 33 and 34 of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the fireproof materials mentioned in Publication No. CN114736554A and Publication No. CN114748830A. For example, 33 and 34 of the present invention are made of other types of materials with combustion-resistant and fire-proof functions.

[0053] Embodiment 3

[0054] The solution of the utility model is not limited to fire prevention and control for automobile batteries, but can also be applied to tools or equipment including but not limited to the following types of tools or equipment with battery packs: battery vehicles, scooters, baby carriages, mobile power supplies for outdoor detection devices, ocean monitoring equipment, weather monitoring equipment, water quality testing equipment, etc.

[0055] The embodiments and / or implementation methods described above are only used to illustrate the preferred embodiments and / or implementation methods for realizing the technology of the utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the technology of the utility model in any form. Any technical personnel in this field may make slight changes or replace them with other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical means disclosed in the content of the utility model, but they should still be regarded as technologies or embodiments that are essentially the same as the utility model.

[0056] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core ideas of this application. The above is only the preferred implementation method of this application. It should be pointed out that due to the limitations of textual expression and the objective existence of infinite specific structures, ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements, modifications or changes without departing from the principles of this application, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, changes or combinations, or the direct application of the concept and technical solution of the utility model to other occasions without improvement, should be regarded as the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A vehicle passive fire extinguishing structure, comprising an integrated box (10), wherein a storage chamber (11) is provided in the integrated box (10), and a battery pack (15) is provided in the storage chamber (11), characterized in that: A first partition (12) and a second partition (13) are provided in the storage cavity (11), and the battery pack (15) is provided between the first partition (12) and the second partition (13); The battery pack (15) has a fire extinguishing patch on the side thereof which is capable of suppressing thermal runaway and extinguishing fire.

2. The vehicle passive fire extinguishing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A prevention and control component (30) is also provided on the side of the battery pack (15), the prevention and control component (30) comprising a protection bracket (38) fixedly connected to the side of the battery pack (15), the other end of the protection bracket (38) being slidably connected to a first protection cover (35), the other end of the first protection cover (35) being fixedly connected to a second protection cover (31), and one end of the second protection cover (31) in the direction of smoke inflow being fixedly connected to a first protection sticker (33).

3. The vehicle passive fire extinguishing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A protective working chamber (32) is provided in the second protective cover (31), a second protective sticker (34) and the first protective sticker (33) are fixedly connected in the protective working chamber (32), and the first protective sticker (33) is located between the second protective sticker (34) and the battery pack (15).

4. The vehicle passive fire extinguishing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two groups of flow tube seats (36) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the protective working chamber (32); the position of the second protective patch (34) in the direction of smoke flow is between the two groups of flow tube seats (36); and the position of the first protective patch (33) in the direction of smoke flow is between the adapter tube seat (37) and the battery pack (15).

5. The vehicle passive fire extinguishing structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The output end of the flow pipe seat (36) is rotatably connected to a transfer pipe seat (37).

6. The passive fire extinguishing structure for a vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A protective limit stopper (39) is slidably connected to the side of the battery pack (15).

7. The vehicle passive fire extinguishing structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A monitoring assembly (60) is provided on the side of the battery pack (15), and the monitoring assembly (60) comprises a feedback transceiver (61) and a heat conducting sheet (62) fixedly connected to the side of the battery pack (15); an expansion and telescopic rod (65) is fixedly connected to the side of the heat conducting sheet (62), and the expansion and telescopic rod (65) is slidably connected inside the feedback transceiver (61).

8. The vehicle passive fire extinguishing structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: A feedback processor (51) is fixedly connected to the side of the battery pack (15), and an output end of the feedback processor (51) is dynamically connected to a disconnect push rod (52).

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