Ventilation and dust removal device for small-section tunnel

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of ventilation and dust removal of small-section tunnels, and discloses a ventilation and dust removal device of a small-section tunnel, which comprises an axial flow fan arranged outside a tunnel portal, a plurality of groups of relay components connected in series in a hoisting manner, and a metal wire mesh, a filter screen, an anemograph and an alarm device which are arranged in a ventilation pipeline, each relay assembly comprises an air pipe assembly and a relay fan, the multiple relay assemblies are connected in series in a hoisting mode, so that the fan does not occupy a large installation space under the condition that it is guaranteed that the air volume is sufficient, the fan can be protected through a wire mesh, the situation that a pipeline is damaged and is drawn into the fan is avoided, and part of waste gas generated by tunnel construction can be absorbed through a filter screen; and through the anemograph and the alarm device, constructors can be reminded in advance when air introduced into the tunnel construction face is insufficient. The device is light in relay structure, can be installed and arranged deeply along with tunnel construction, is convenient to maintain, and can be well suitable for a single-head long-distance small-section tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of ventilation and dust removal for small-section tunnels, in particular to a ventilation and dust removal device for small-section tunnels. Background Art

[0002] Small-section tunnels are widely used in the fields of water diversion, water supply, and cave exploration, but the problem of ventilation and dust removal during the construction of small-section tunnels has not been well solved. Especially during the construction of single-headed long-distance small-section tunnels, the dust generated by drilling, the harmful gases generated by explosive blasting, the exhaust gas generated by the internal combustion engine of construction equipment and transportation vehicles will cause serious air pollution in the narrow space of the small-section tunnel, which will seriously affect the health of the workers and the construction efficiency. Therefore, it is very necessary to supply fresh air to the single-headed long-distance small-section tunnel exploration hole, discharge the harmful gases in the hole, and reduce the dust in the hole in the tunnel during tunnel construction.

[0003] For example, a tunnel relay ventilation structure with the authorization publication number CN214997772U can effectively cause fresh air to be sucked into the relay fan through the ground fan, the relay fan located in the tunnel, the first pipe section assembly and the second pipe section assembly, while ensuring the supply and freshness of the fresh air and preventing most of the polluted air from being circulated and transported to the front working face. However, this ventilation structure cannot be fully applied in the excavation construction of long-distance small-section tunnels. The cross-section of long-distance small-section tunnels is small, and the size of the relay fan is limited when selecting the relay fan, and the wind power of the small relay fan is often not enough to support the construction of long-distance single-headed tunnels. Therefore, it is necessary to study a ventilation and dust removal device or structure suitable for long-distance small-section tunnels. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the problem that common tunnel ventilation and dust removal devices or equipment cannot be well applied during the construction of long-distance small-section tunnels. For this purpose, a ventilation and dust removal device for small-section tunnels is provided:

[0005] The utility model discloses a ventilation and dust removal device for a small-section tunnel, comprising an axial flow fan arranged outside the tunnel entrance and a plurality of relay assemblies hoisted and connected in series, wherein the relay assemblies comprise an air duct assembly and a relay fan:

[0006] The air duct assembly includes a soft air duct, a steel ring hose and a galvanized iron hard pipe. One end of the soft air duct is connected to the air outlet end of the axial flow fan or the relay fan, and the other end is connected to one end of the steel ring hose. The other end of the steel ring hose is connected to one end of the galvanized iron hard pipe. The other end of the galvanized iron hard pipe is opposite to the tunnel construction surface or connected to the air inlet end of the relay fan. Metal mesh is provided on both sides of the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the relay fan.

[0007] In some preferred embodiments, a filter is provided between the air outlet end of the relay fan and the metal wire mesh provided on the corresponding side thereof, and the filter can absorb the gas generated by the tunnel construction.

[0008] In some preferred embodiments, the filter screen is a metal organic framework material.

[0009] In some preferred embodiments, an anemometer and an alarm device are provided between the air inlet end of the relay fan and the metal wire mesh provided on its corresponding side, and the anemometer is electrically connected to the alarm device and can transmit electrical signals to the alarm device.

[0010] In some preferred embodiments, the anemometer is a thermal anemometer.

[0011] In some preferred embodiments, the alarm device includes a wind speed detection module capable of determining wind speed and an alarm module, wherein the wind speed detection module is capable of receiving an electrical signal transmitted by an anemometer and transmitting the electrical signal to the alarm module.

[0012] In some preferred embodiments, the alarm module can generate an alarm based on the electrical signal transmitted by the wind speed detection module.

[0013] In some preferred embodiments, the ventilation and dust removal device further comprises a spray assembly, and the spray assembly is arranged at one end of a hose with a steel ring facing the tunnel construction surface.

[0014] In some preferred embodiments, the spray assembly includes a plurality of nozzles evenly distributed around the cross-section of the underwire hose.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a ventilation and dust removal device for a small-section tunnel, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The utility model takes into account that the size of the fan used for ventilation and dust removal in commonly used small-section tunnels is limited. The ventilation and dust removal device can ensure that the fresh air outside the tunnel is transmitted to the tunnel construction face without much wind loss by connecting multiple groups of relay components in series. It can be applicable to long-distance single-headed small-section tunnels to improve the ventilation and dust removal effect of small-section tunnels; considering that the air duct in the tunnel requires certain corrosion resistance and air duct installation requirements, the pipe sections connected by soft air duct, steel ring hose and galvanized iron hard pipe are selected to meet the use requirements in the tunnel and improve the service life of the air duct section; considering that the soft air duct and galvanized iron hard pipe are directly connected to the relay fan, the air duct may be damaged and attracted to the air inlet or outlet of the fan. The ventilation and dust removal device can prevent the air duct from being rolled into the relay fan and thus prevent the fan from being damaged by arranging metal wire mesh at the air inlet and outlet of the relay fan.

[0017] 2. The ventilation and dust removal device can filter out the gas generated by tunnel construction in the reflux of the air duct by setting a filter screen composed of metal organic framework materials to avoid turbidity and pollution of the fresh air entering the construction surface.

[0018] 3. The ventilation and dust removal device can remind construction personnel by setting an anemometer and an alarm device, specifically reminding them that the air duct in the ventilation and dust removal device may be damaged or that the wind pressure provided by the axial flow fan outside the hole is insufficient for construction.

[0019] 4. The ventilation and dust removal device can settle the gravel dust or gas generated by the construction in advance during construction through the spray assembly arranged at one end of the steel ring hose facing the tunnel construction surface, so as to prevent the gravel dust from entering the air duct to damage the air duct or relay the fan. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The specific implementation of the utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a relay assembly diagram of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a diagram of the spray assembly of the utility model;

[0024] In the figure:

[0025] 1. Axial flow fan; 2. Relay fan; 3. Flexible air duct; 4. Hose with steel ring; 5. Galvanized iron hard pipe; 6. Metal mesh; 7. Filter; 8. Anemometer; 9. Alarm device; 10. Spray assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "above", "one side", "bottom", "both ends", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0028] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms such as "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixation" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Unless otherwise clearly defined, ordinary technicians in this field can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] In order to overcome the technical defect that the above-mentioned commonly used tunnel section ventilation and dust removal technology is not applicable to long-distance small-section tunnels, the utility model provides a ventilation and dust removal device for small-section tunnels, which can be better applied to long-distance single-ended small-section tunnels and improve the ventilation and dust removal effect of small-section tunnels.

[0030] like Figure 1 to Figure 3 As shown, a ventilation and dust removal device for a small-section tunnel of the utility model comprises an axial flow fan 1 arranged outside the tunnel entrance and a plurality of relay assemblies hoisted in series, wherein the relay assemblies comprise an air duct assembly and a relay fan 2:

[0031] The air duct assembly includes a soft air duct 3, a steel ring hose 4 and a galvanized iron hard pipe 5. One end of the soft air duct 3 is connected to the air outlet end of the axial flow fan 1 or the relay fan 2, and the other end is connected to one end of the steel ring hose 4. The other end of the steel ring hose 4 is connected to one end of the galvanized iron hard pipe 5. The other end of the galvanized iron hard pipe 5 is opposite to the tunnel construction surface or connected to the air inlet end of the relay fan 2. Metal meshes 6 are provided on both sides of the air inlet and air outlet ends of the relay fan 2.

[0032] A common tunnel ventilation and dust removal solution is to install an axial flow fan outside the tunnel to bring fresh air from outside the tunnel into the tunnel, and then install relay fans in long-distance tunnels for relay ventilation. However, in small-section tunnels, the installation size of the fan is limited by the environment. Therefore, when selecting a fan for ventilation, one cannot only consider the amount of air volume provided by the fan.

[0033] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 The ventilation and dust removal device of the utility model of the present application can ensure that the fresh air outside the tunnel is delivered to the tunnel construction face without much loss of air volume by hoisting multiple sets of relay components in series in the tunnel and directly connecting the ventilation duct with the relay fan 2 and the axial flow fan 1. Therefore, it can be suitable for long-distance single-headed small-section tunnels to improve the ventilation and dust removal effect of small-section tunnels.

[0034] On the other hand, considering that the installation environment of the ventilation and dust removal device in the tunnel is relatively complex, the use of a steel ring hose 4 and a galvanized iron hard pipe 5 can avoid wear of the ventilation duct to a certain extent and thus increase its service life. One end of the soft air duct 3 is connected to the air outlet end of the axial flow fan 1 or the relay fan 2, and the other end is connected to one end of the steel ring hose 4, which can facilitate the installation and maintenance of the device. When the soft air duct 3 is suddenly damaged, it will not be directly drawn into the fan to cause hidden dangers, but will be blown away by the wind first or hung on the air duct section of the steel ring hose 4 and the galvanized iron hard pipe 5.

[0035] Furthermore, considering the possibility that the air duct sections including the soft air duct 3, the steel ring hose 4 and the galvanized iron hard pipe 5 may be damaged and attracted to the air inlet or outlet of the fan, the ventilation and dust removal device can prevent the air duct sections from being rolled into the relay fan 2 and the axial flow fan 1 by arranging metal wire meshes 6 at the air inlet and outlet ends of the relay fan 2, thereby preventing the fan from being damaged.

[0036] In some preferred embodiments, considering that the construction in the tunnel may generate waste gas and polluted gas, when the ventilation and dust removal device of the utility model is started, these gases may flow back into the air duct through the ventilation and dust removal device, thereby polluting the fresh air introduced and making it turbid, which may cause the fresh air introduced to be insufficient to support the tunnel construction. Figure 2 A filter screen 7 is provided between the air outlet end of the relay fan 2 and the metal wire mesh 6 provided on its corresponding side. The filter screen 7 can absorb the gas generated by the tunnel construction and reduce the pollution of the fresh air by the countercurrent gas. The filter screen 7 is a metal organic framework material. The metal organic framework material is a new type of porous material with excellent characteristics such as high surface area, adjustable pore size and good adsorption performance. It is widely used in gas separation, and unlike activated carbon, it is not easy to burn. Its use in tunnel ventilation and dust removal meets the requirements of fire safety.

[0037] In some preferred embodiments, Figure 2 An anemometer 8 and an alarm device 9 are provided between the air inlet end of the relay fan 2 and the metal mesh 6 provided on the corresponding side. The anemometer 8 is electrically connected to the alarm device 9 and can transmit electrical signals to the alarm device 9. The anemometer 8 is a thermal anemometer. In long-distance tunnel construction, it is necessary to always pay attention to the air environment near the face. When introducing air into the tunnel, it is necessary to avoid the situation where the air volume is insufficient but the construction personnel are unaware of it. An anemometer 8 and an alarm device 9 are provided between the air inlet end of the relay fan 2 and the metal mesh 6 provided on the corresponding side. The wind speed at the air inlet end of the relay fan 2 can be used to determine whether the amount of fresh air introduced is sufficient. If the requirements are not met, the alarm device 9 can be used to remind the construction personnel in advance to carry out subsequent work.

[0038] Considering the possibility of dust and gravel rushing into the air duct during tunnel construction, and the complex and changeable environment of tunnel construction, a thermal anemometer with high cost-performance ratio is selected. The thermal anemometer tests the resistance change caused by the cooling of the sensor by wind when it is powered on, thereby testing the wind speed, which can also be well used in tunnel ventilation.

[0039] In some preferred embodiments, the alarm device 9 includes a wind speed detection module and an alarm module that can determine the wind speed. The wind speed detection module can receive the electrical signal transmitted by the anemometer and transmit the electrical signal to the alarm module; the alarm module can make an alarm based on the electrical signal transmitted by the wind speed detection module, including an alarm to remind that the air duct in the ventilation and dust removal device may be damaged or that the wind pressure provided by the axial flow fan outside the cave required for construction is insufficient. Specifically, when the air duct is damaged and the soft air duct or the steel ring hose blocks the air duct, the anemometer 8 measures the wind speed and displays zero or a low signal, which is transmitted to the alarm module to alarm and remind it that the air duct may be damaged. When the wind pressure provided by the axial flow fan outside the cave is insufficient, the anemometer 8 measures the wind speed and transmits a signal to the alarm module to alarm and remind it that the wind pressure outside the cave is insufficient and needs to be adjusted.

[0040] In some preferred embodiments, Figure 2 and Figure 3 The ventilation and dust removal device also includes a spray assembly 10, which is arranged at one end of the steel ring hose 4 facing the tunnel construction surface, and includes a plurality of nozzles evenly distributed around the cross section of the steel ring hose 4. The ventilation and dust removal device can settle the gravel dust or gas generated by the construction in advance during the construction by means of the spray assembly 10 arranged at one end of the steel ring hose 4 facing the tunnel construction surface, so as to prevent the gravel dust from entering the air duct to damage the air duct or relay the fan 2, and the spray can cool down the construction environment during the construction.

[0041] The working principle of the ventilation and dust removal device for a small-section tunnel of the utility model is:

[0042] A ventilation and dust removal device for a small-section tunnel can be used in a small-section tunnel, which includes an axial flow fan arranged outside the tunnel entrance, multiple groups of relay components hoisted in series, and a metal mesh, a filter, an anemometer and an alarm device installed in a ventilation duct. The relay component includes an air duct component and a relay fan. By hoisting multiple groups of relay components in series, the fan does not occupy a large installation space while ensuring sufficient air volume. The metal mesh can protect the fan from being damaged by the pipeline and being involved in the fan. The filter can absorb part of the exhaust gas generated by the tunnel construction. The anemometer and the alarm device can remind the construction personnel in advance when the air introduced into the tunnel construction surface is insufficient. The relay structure of the device is light and can be installed and arranged in depth as the tunnel construction goes deeper, which is convenient for maintenance. It can be well applied to a single-headed long-distance small-section tunnel.

[0043] For other structures of the ventilation and dust removal device for a small-section tunnel in this embodiment, refer to the prior art.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation and dust removal device for a small-section tunnel, characterized in that: include: An axial flow fan arranged outside the tunnel entrance and multiple relay assemblies hoisted and connected in series, the relay assemblies comprising an air duct assembly and a relay fan, wherein: The air duct assembly includes a soft air duct, a steel ring hose and a galvanized iron sheet hard pipe, one end of the soft air duct is connected to the air outlet end of the axial flow fan or the relay fan, and the other end is connected to one end of the steel ring hose, the other end of the steel ring hose is connected to one end of the galvanized iron sheet hard pipe, and the other end of the galvanized iron sheet hard pipe is directly opposite to the tunnel construction surface or connected to the air inlet end of the relay fan; Metal meshes are arranged on both sides of the air inlet and air outlet of the relay fan.

2. The ventilation and dust removal device for a small-section tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter is provided between the air outlet end of the relay fan and the metal wire mesh provided on the corresponding side thereof, and the filter can absorb the gas generated by the tunnel construction.

3. The ventilation and dust removal device for a small-section tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter screen is made of a metal organic framework material.

4. The ventilation and dust removal device for a small-section tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anemometer and an alarm device are provided between the air inlet end of the relay fan and the metal wire mesh provided on the corresponding side thereof. The anemometer is electrically connected to the alarm device and can transmit an electrical signal to the alarm device.

5. The ventilation and dust removal device for a small-section tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anemometer is a thermal anemometer.

6. The ventilation and dust removal device for a small-section tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The alarm device comprises a wind speed detection module capable of determining wind speed and an alarm module. The wind speed detection module can receive an electrical signal transmitted by an anemometer and transmit the electrical signal to the alarm module.

7. The ventilation and dust removal device for a small-section tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The alarm module can generate an alarm according to the electrical signal transmitted by the wind speed detection module.

8. The ventilation and dust removal device for a small-section tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation and dust removal device also includes a spray assembly, which is arranged at one end of a hose with a steel ring facing the tunnel construction surface.

9. The ventilation and dust removal device for a small-section tunnel according to claim 8, characterized in that: The spray assembly includes a plurality of nozzles evenly distributed around the end surface of the underwire hose.

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