High-capacity battery assembly

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly relates to a high-capacity battery assembly which comprises a high-capacity battery and a bracket assembly, and the high-capacity battery comprises a shell, a liquid cooling pipe, an insulating sealing glue layer, an insulating protective cover and a plurality of single batteries; the bracket assembly comprises a supporting component and two L-shaped brackets. The supporting component is arranged at the bottom of the large-capacity battery and supports the large-capacity battery; the L-shaped brackets comprise first brackets and second brackets, the first brackets of the two L-shaped brackets are fixed to the two ends of the supporting component respectively, and the second brackets are used for being fixed to edge beams opposite to the battery cluster supporting frame respectively. And the high-capacity battery can be reliably fixed on the battery cluster supporting frame based on the bracket assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, in particular to a large-capacity battery assembly. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the continuous growth of global energy demand and the improvement of environmental protection awareness, energy storage technology has gradually become one of the important means to solve energy problems.

[0003] As a new type of energy storage equipment, energy storage containers have the advantages of portability, flexibility, and high efficiency, and are widely used in power systems, transportation, aerospace, and other fields. The existing energy storage containers on the market include a box body, a battery cluster support frame located in the box body, and multiple large-capacity batteries fixed on the battery cluster support frame. How to reliably fix multiple large-capacity batteries on the battery cluster support frame is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a large-capacity battery assembly, which can reliably fix the large-capacity battery on a battery cluster support frame based on a bracket assembly.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is to provide a large-capacity battery assembly, which is special in that it includes a large-capacity battery and a bracket assembly;

[0006] The large-capacity battery comprises a housing, a liquid cooling tube, an insulating sealant layer, an insulating protective cover and n single cells; wherein n is an integer greater than 1; the n single cells are arranged in the housing along the same direction;

[0007] The housing is provided with at least one shared chamber extending in the x-direction;

[0008] The top plate of the shell is provided with avoidance holes through which the polarity terminals of each single battery can extend; the polarity terminals of each single battery extend out of the corresponding avoidance holes, and the shell area around the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single battery;

[0009] A through slot is provided at the position where the polarity terminal of the single battery extends out of the avoidance hole; and a liquid cooling pipe is fixed in the through slot of each polarity terminal of the single battery;

[0010] The insulating sealant layer is laid on the top plate of the housing, and the electrical connection parts of the polarity terminals of each single battery and the liquid inlet and outlet ends of the liquid cooling pipe extend out of the insulating sealant layer;

[0011] An insulating protective cover is arranged on the top of the housing, and polarity terminals of each single battery are located inside the insulating protective cover;

[0012] The bracket assembly includes a supporting member and two L-shaped brackets; the supporting member is used to be placed at the bottom of the large-capacity battery to support the large-capacity battery; the L-shaped bracket includes a first bracket and a second bracket, wherein the first bracket is parallel to the yz plane, and the second bracket is parallel to the xy plane, and the first brackets of the two L-shaped brackets are respectively fixed at both ends of the supporting member, and the second brackets of the two L-shaped brackets are respectively used to fix the side beams opposite to the battery cluster support frame.

[0013] The utility model utilizes a supporting member to support a large-capacity battery from the bottom of the large-capacity battery, and stably fixes the large-capacity battery on the battery cluster support frame by means of L-shaped brackets fixed at both ends of the supporting member. The structure is simple and compact, and the stability is high, so that the battery cluster constructed based on such a large-capacity battery assembly has a higher energy density.

[0014] In addition, the utility model places multiple single cells inside a shell with a shared chamber. The shared chamber can be used as an electrolyte shared chamber and / or a gas chamber. The shared chamber and the inner cavities of each single cell located in the shell can be connected to each other, so that the electrolyte and / or gas of each single cell are shared to ensure the consistency of each single cell, reduce the difference between the electrolytes of each single cell, and improve the consistency between each single cell to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent. The gas chamber can also be used as an explosion-proof channel. When the explosion-proof membrane at the gas port of any single cell is broken by the internal cavity smoke, the inner cavity of the single cell is connected to the gas chamber, and the internal smoke is discharged through the gas chamber, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0015] In the utility model, the polarity terminals of each single battery extend out of the top of the shell, and compared with the structure in which the polarity terminals are located inside the shell, the pole heat dissipation effect is better; in addition, when the polarity terminals extend out of the shell, a liquid cooling pipe can be fixed at the position where the polarity terminals of each single battery extend out of the avoidance hole, and the liquid cooling pipe is in direct contact with each single battery to conduct heat in time. This heat dissipation method realizes balanced heat dissipation of each single battery in the large-capacity battery, and improves the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0016] The utility model forms an insulating sealant layer by laying insulating sealant on the top of the shell. When condensation is generated on the surface of the liquid cooling tube fixed on the pole adapter, the condensation cannot penetrate into the gap between the pole adapter and the top plate of the shell due to the blocking of the insulating sealant layer, thereby preventing the battery from short-circuiting.

[0017] At the same time, the utility model uses an insulating protective cover to provide insulation protection for the pole adapter, avoiding the potential safety hazards of the pole adapter being exposed during the operation of the large-capacity battery, and also avoiding the problem of some foreign objects in the external environment falling into the position of the pole adapter and causing a short circuit in the large-capacity battery, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0018] Furthermore, only one shared chamber may be provided, and the shared chamber is preferably an electrolyte shared chamber provided on the bottom plate of the housing, and the inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber is connected to the inner cavities of all the single cells.

[0019] Furthermore, two shared chambers may be provided, wherein one shared chamber is the electrolyte shared chamber mentioned above, and the other shared chamber is a gas chamber provided on the top plate of the housing, covering the gas ports on the top of each monomer;

[0020] The gas port is a through hole, and the inner cavity of the gas chamber is directly connected to the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of each single battery through the gas port; based on the gas chamber, the gas areas of each single battery can be connected to achieve gas balance, so that the gas of each single battery is shared to ensure the consistency of each single battery, which improves the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent; when any single battery has thermal runaway, the smoke in the inner cavity of the single battery enters the gas chamber and is discharged through the gas chamber, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0021] Or, an explosion-proof membrane is provided at the gas port. When the explosion-proof membrane at the gas port of any single cell is broken by the internal cavity smoke, the gas area of ​​the internal cavity of the single cell is connected with the internal cavity of the gas chamber. In this case, the gas chamber is used as an explosion-proof passage. When the explosion-proof membrane at the gas port of any single cell is broken by the internal cavity smoke, the internal cavity of the single cell is connected with the gas chamber, and the internal smoke is discharged through the gas chamber, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0022] Furthermore, the shell includes a cylinder assembly with two open ends and an end plate assembly covering the two open ends of the cylinder assembly; the electrolyte sharing chamber is located at the bottom of the cylinder assembly and is a liquid channel extending along the x direction.

[0023] Furthermore, the cylinder assembly includes a cylinder and two bosses arranged on the inner bottom surface of the cylinder and extending in the x direction and arranged in the y direction with the same length as the cylinder. The top surface of the boss is the supporting surface of each single battery. In the y direction, a liquid channel is formed between the two bosses as a shared chamber for the electrolyte, and can be integrally formed using an aluminum extrusion process.

[0024] Further, the end plate assembly includes a first end plate and a second end plate;

[0025] A first through hole is provided on the first end plate; the first end plate is used to cooperate with the explosion relief mechanism fixed at the first through hole to seal the open end of the gas chamber, the open end of the electrolyte shared chamber and the open end of the cylinder of the large-capacity battery;

[0026] The second end plate is parallel to the first end plate and there is a gap between them, which serves as a gas channel; the gas channel extends along the z direction, the gas inlet end of the gas channel is used to communicate with the gas chamber, and the gas outlet end of the gas channel is connected to the first through hole; in the z direction, the gas inlet end of the gas channel is higher than the gas outlet end of the gas channel.

[0027] The fixing area of ​​the explosion relief mechanism is set to be the larger open end of the electrolyte shared chamber or the end plate area between the open end of the gas chamber and the open end of the electrolyte shared chamber, which makes the explosion relief mechanism easier to install than fixing the explosion relief mechanism at the end plate area directly opposite the gas chamber.

[0028] When the end plate assembly is sealed and fixed to the open end of the cylinder assembly, the first through hole is sealed by the explosion relief mechanism; the air inlet of the gas channel is connected to the gas chamber, and the air outlet of the gas channel is connected to the explosion relief mechanism through the first through hole; and the gap between the first end plate and the second end plate is directly used as the gas channel, so that the gas channel has a larger flow area, and the large-capacity battery has higher safety performance.

[0029] Furthermore, two first support ribs are integrally arranged between the second end plate and the first end plate, each of the first support ribs extends along the z direction, and the two first support ribs are arranged along the y direction, and a gas channel is formed between the second end plate, the first end plate, and the two first support ribs. The first support ribs are fixed between the first end plate and the second end plate to form a gap between the second end plate and the first end plate as a gas channel; compared with the method of using screws and gaskets, the structure of the end plate assembly is simpler, and the processing is convenient, the cost is low, and it has high structural stability.

[0030] Furthermore, the end plate assembly also includes a third end plate that is closely attached to the inner surface of the second end plate. By adding the third end plate, on the one hand, by adjusting the size of the third end plate along the x direction (the arrangement direction of the single cells, which is also the length direction of the shell and the cylinder), all the single cells can be clamped in the x direction to improve the stability of each single cell in the inner cavity of the shell, and it can also prevent each single cell from swelling, which may lead to the problem of reduced cycle performance of large-capacity batteries; on the other hand, the third end plate can be used to further reduce the impact of thermal runaway smoke in the gas channel on the outermost single cell.

[0031] Furthermore, a second through hole is provided on the first end plate, and the second through hole is arranged facing the large-capacity battery gas chamber.

[0032] Further, the first end plate includes a first sub-end plate, a second sub-end plate and a third sub-end plate;

[0033] The first sub-end plate is used to seal the open end of the gas chamber of the large-capacity battery;

[0034] The second sub-end plate is used for the open end of the electrolyte sharing chamber of the large sealed capacity battery;

[0035] The third sub-end plate is located between the first sub-end plate and the second sub-end plate and is connected to the first sub-end plate and the second sub-end plate, and is used to seal the open end of the cylinder;

[0036] The first through hole is opened on at least a portion of the third sub-end plate and the second sub-end plate.

[0037] Furthermore, the large-capacity battery also includes 2n sealing connectors; the outer shell area around each avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the single cell shell by a sealing connector; the sealing connector includes a hollow component sleeved on the outside of the polarity terminal of the single cell, and the open end of the bottom of the hollow component covers the weak area around the polarity terminal on the upper cover plate of the single cell through the orthographic projection of the upper cover plate of the single cell; the bottom of the hollow component and the outer periphery of the weak area are welded and sealed, and the top of the hollow component and the outer shell top plate area around the avoidance hole are welded and sealed.

[0038] When in use, the hollow component is sleeved on the outside of the polarity terminal of the single cell, the bottom and the outer area of ​​the weak area are welded and sealed, and the top of the hollow component and the outer shell top plate area around the avoidance hole are welded and sealed. Regardless of whether there is a gap between the outer shell and the upper cover plates of each single cell, or whether the gap sizes are different, the hollow component can seal and fix the outer shell and the upper cover plate of the single cell, thereby ensuring the sealing of the large-capacity battery outer shell; at the same time, by optimizing the size and shape of the bottom open end of the sealing connector, the bottom open end of the hollow component is made to cover the weak area around the polarity terminal of the upper cover plate of the single cell in the orthographic projection on the upper cover plate of the single cell; thereby ensuring that when welding the bottom of the hollow component and the area around the polarity terminal of the upper cover plate of the single cell, the weak area around the polarity terminal of the upper cover plate of the single cell can be avoided, thereby avoiding damage to the weak area during the welding process, and causing a series of problems such as the scrapping of the single cell and the diffusion of thermal runaway smoke.

[0039] Furthermore, the sealing connector also includes a bottom plate fixed to the open end of the bottom of the hollow component; a through hole is opened on the bottom plate; the orthographic projection of the through hole on the upper cover plate of the single cell covers the weak area around the polarity terminal on the upper cover plate of the single cell; the bottom plate is used for welding and sealing with the peripheral area of ​​the weak area. Based on the bottom plate, the upper cover plate and the sealing connector can be reliably welded, and at the same time, the orthographic projection of the through hole on the upper cover plate of the single cell covers the weak area around the polarity terminal on the upper cover plate of the single cell; in this way, when the bottom plate and the upper cover plate of the single cell are welded, the welding part must be located outside the weak area.

[0040] Furthermore, the hollow member and the bottom plate are an integrated part. Compared with separate parts, the integrated part has lower processing cost and higher structural stability.

[0041] Furthermore, the outer peripheral surface of the top of the hollow component is tightly matched with the wall of the avoidance hole, and the hollow component and the avoidance hole are welded and sealed by laser welding; the welding area between the hollow component and the avoidance hole is between the outer edge of the top of the hollow component and the inner edge of the wall of the avoidance hole. The top of the hollow component and the avoidance hole are tightly fitted in a transition or interference fit manner, and the outer edge of the top of the hollow component and the inner edge of the avoidance hole are welded and sealed by a simple and reliable laser welding method. The sealing connector has a simple structure, the welding method is easy to operate, and the sealing of the avoidance hole is stable and reliable after welding.

[0042] Further, the polarity terminal includes a pole adapter fixed on the pole of the single cell;

[0043] The pole adapter includes a block-shaped pole adapter body and an electrical connection column fixed on the pole adapter body and protruding from the pole adapter body;

[0044] The pole adapter body is provided with first holes corresponding to the electrical connection posts, and each electrical connection post is connected to the pole of the single battery through each first hole.

[0045] The use of the pole adapter can simplify the preparation process of related large-capacity batteries. During the preparation process of related large-capacity batteries, there is no need to use a support to lift the single battery so that its pole extends out of the avoidance hole. It is only necessary to extend the electrical connection column of the pole adapter into the avoidance hole and connect it to the poles of each single battery in the outer shell.

[0046] Furthermore, in order to improve the conductivity of the electrical connection column, a plurality of conductive columns are further included; each conductive column is fixed in the first hole in a one-to-one correspondence with the first hole, and the outer wall of the conductive column is in close contact with the inner wall of the first hole.

[0047] Furthermore, the first hole is a blind hole extending to the electrical connection column.

[0048] Furthermore, in order to improve the connection strength between the pole adapter and the pole, the bottom of the blind hole is connected to the single battery pole by welding; in order to eliminate welding stress, a first through hole is opened at the bottom of the blind hole, and the aperture of the first through hole is smaller than the aperture of the blind hole.

[0049] Furthermore, in order to improve the safety performance of such large-capacity batteries, a clamping portion for installing a liquid cooling tube is provided on the pole adapter body; the clamping portion is a through groove opened on the pole adapter body, and the size of the through groove is compatible with the liquid cooling tube.

[0050] Furthermore, the pole adapter also includes an electrical connection portion arranged on the pole adapter body; the electrical connection portion is used to connect with an external electrical connector while preventing the insulating sealant from overflowing from a part of the injection area.

[0051] An electrical connection part is added to the pole adapter, and part of the structure of the electrical connection part is connected to the external electrical connection part, and can also be directly used as an electrical connection part to realize the series connection of at least two large-capacity batteries; another part of the structure of the electrical connection part can be used as a glue blocking structure to prevent the insulating sealant liquid from overflowing from part of the glue injection area. When an insulating sealant layer with a thickness greater than the thickness of the pole adapter is laid on the top plate of the outer shell, the use of some injection molds can be reduced, thereby simplifying the injection process.

[0052] Furthermore, the electrical connection component is an inverted L-shaped plate; the vertical plate of the inverted L-shaped plate is parallel to the xz plane and is fixed to the top surface of the pole adapter to prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing from the partial injection area; the partial injection area is the top surface of the pole adapter;

[0053] The transverse plate of the inverted L-shaped plate is parallel to the xy plane and is used to connect to an external electrical connector or serve as an electrical connector.

[0054] Further, the liquid cooling pipe includes a first pipe, a second pipe and a connecting pipe;

[0055] The first tube is fixed in the groove of the positive terminal of each single cell in the large-capacity battery; the second tube is fixed in the groove of the negative terminal of each single cell in the large-capacity battery;

[0056] Both ends of the connecting tube are respectively connected to ports of the first tube and the second tube located on the same side.

[0057] Furthermore, in order to ensure the insulation between the liquid cooling tube and the large-capacity battery, the following three solutions are adopted:

[0058] Solution 1: The first tube and the second tube are aluminum tubes, the tube walls of the aluminum tubes are provided with an oxide layer, and an insulating sleeve is sleeved on the aluminum tubes with the oxide layer;

[0059] Solution 2: The first tube and the second tube are aluminum tubes, and insulating sleeves are set on the aluminum tubes;

[0060] Solution 3: The first tube and the second tube are aluminum tubes, and the tube walls of the aluminum tubes are provided with an oxide layer;

[0061] The above-mentioned solution 1 adopts two layers of insulation to ensure the reliability of insulation. Compared with solution 1, solutions 2 and 3 have simpler structures, but lower insulation reliability.

[0062] Furthermore, in order to ensure that good insulation is maintained between the first tube and the second tube, the connecting tube and the first tube and the second tube can be quickly and reliably connected, the connecting tube in the utility model is a flexible insulating tube, and the flexible insulating tube and the first tube and the second tube are connected by a clamp.

[0063] Furthermore, the large-capacity battery further comprises a pressing plate; the pressing plate comprises a pressing portion and a fixing portion;

[0064] The pressing portion has an arc surface, which is used to cooperate with the through groove of the pole adapter to press the liquid cooling tube into the through groove;

[0065] The fixing parts are arranged on both sides of the pressing part, connected to the pole adapters of each single battery, and used to realize parallel connection of multiple single batteries, and at the same time used to fix the pressing part on the pole adapter.

[0066] The pressing plate is connected to the polarity terminals of each single cell, which can realize reliable parallel connection between each single cell. At the same time, the pressing plate cooperates with the polarity terminal to press the heat transfer tube into the through groove of the polarity terminal, so that the heat transfer tube and the through groove of the polarity terminal are in close contact, and there is almost no heat conduction gap between the two, which improves the heat exchange effect between the heat transfer tube and the polarity terminal.

[0067] Furthermore, the pressing part is an arc-shaped plate with equal wall thickness, the fixing part is a flat plate, and the arc-shaped plate and the flat plates on both sides are an integral structure, and this structure is easy to manufacture and process.

[0068] Furthermore, the insulating sealant layer includes a first sub-insulating sealant layer and a second sub-insulating sealant layer. The first sub-insulating sealant layer is an insulating sealant layer with a temperature resistance higher than the temperature of the thermal runaway flue gas, and is arranged in the gap between the polarity terminal of the single cell and the avoidance hole; the temperature resistance of the second sub-insulating sealant layer is lower than that of the first insulating sealant layer, and the second sub-insulating sealant layer is laid on the top plate of the shell and covers the pole adapter body, the liquid cooling pipe and the pressing plate. The first insulating sealant layer is in direct contact with the pole of the single cell, and can play a role in protecting and fixing the pole of the single cell. Under the protection and fixation of the first insulating sealant layer, thermal runaway occurs, and the pole of the single cell is not easy to fall off or cracks are generated between the upper cover of the single cell, so that the thermal runaway flue gas can be prevented from leaking from the gap between the polarity terminal of the single cell and the avoidance hole; in addition, the first insulating sealant layer can also play a role in sealing the gap between the polarity terminal of the single cell and the avoidance hole, further improving the sealing of the avoidance hole of the shell.

[0069] Furthermore, the insulating protective cover includes an insulating frame and an insulating cover plate;

[0070] The lower end of the insulating frame is fixed to the top of the large-capacity battery to prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing the top plate of the housing;

[0071] The insulating cover is buckled and installed on the upper end of the insulating frame;

[0072] A notch is provided at the upper end of the side wall of the insulating frame body parallel to the xz plane, and the notch cooperates with the insulating cover plate to form a slit, through which the large-capacity battery is electrically connected to external equipment.

[0073] The insulating frame of the insulating protective cover is used as a glue injection mold. After the injection is completed, there is no need to demould, and the bonding strength between the insulating frame and the top of the large-capacity battery can be improved. At the same time, the insulating protective cover is used to provide insulation protection for the pole adapter to avoid the potential safety hazards of the pole adapter being exposed during the operation of the large-capacity battery, and also to avoid the problem of some foreign objects in the external environment falling into the position of the pole adapter causing a short circuit of the large-capacity battery, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0074] Furthermore, the insulating frame includes a second insulating frame and an insulating base plate fixed on the second insulating frame away from the insulating cover plate, and an electrical connection column avoidance hole corresponding to each pole adapter is opened on the insulating base plate, and the aperture of the electrical connection column avoidance hole is larger than the outer contour size of the electrical connection column on the pole adapter and smaller than the outer contour size of the pole adapter.

[0075] Furthermore, on the insulating bottom plate, partitions are provided around each electrical connection column avoidance hole to form a pole adapter accommodating chamber; a fourth gap is provided between the side wall of the pole adapter accommodating chamber parallel to the xz plane and the side surface of the pole adapter parallel to the xz plane.

[0076] Furthermore, a second chamber is provided on the insulating bottom plate, serving as a gas chamber accommodating chamber.

[0077] Further, the explosion relief mechanism includes a first explosion relief component and a second explosion relief component;

[0078] The first explosion relief component includes a first hollow tube connected to the outer shell, and an explosion relief membrane is arranged inside the first hollow tube; the second explosion relief component is a three-way pipe, whose first interface is sealed and connected to the first explosion relief component, and the second interface and the third interface are respectively used to connect with the flexible pipe section constituting the explosion relief manifold.

[0079] The explosion-proof mechanism of the large-capacity battery is designed as a three-way pipe, and the three-way pipes of adjacent large-capacity batteries are connected by a flexible pipe section to form an explosion-proof manifold. Compared with the explosion-proof manifold using a whole-tube structure, the installation accuracy requirements for each large-capacity battery explosion-proof mechanism are lower. The installation deviation of the explosion-proof mechanism can be compensated by the deformation of the flexible pipe section, thereby reducing the difficulty of installing the explosion-proof manifold.

[0080] Furthermore, the second explosion relief component is a flexible tee pipe;

[0081] The outer wall of one end of the first explosion relief component connected with the second explosion relief component is provided with an external thread; the flexible joint of the second explosion relief component is threadedly connected with the external thread of the outer wall of the first explosion relief component as a first interface. The first explosion relief component and the second explosion relief component can be conveniently connected through the flexible joint.

[0082] Furthermore, the first explosion relief component also includes a second hollow pipe connected to the first hollow pipe; the second hollow pipe is made of insulating material;

[0083] An outer wall of one end of the first hollow pipe member connected to the second hollow pipe member is provided with an external thread;

[0084] The second hollow pipe member includes a connecting pipe and a union nut connected to one end of the connecting pipe; the outer wall of the other end of the connecting pipe is provided with an external thread;

[0085] The union nut of the second hollow pipe is threadedly connected to the external thread of the outer wall of the first hollow pipe; the other end of the second hollow pipe is threadedly connected to the union joint of the second explosion relief component.

[0086] Furthermore, the second hollow pipe is a ceramic pipe, which can avoid deformation and leakage caused by high temperature, and can also avoid the problem that the second hollow pipe becomes molten and blocks the explosion vent or the explosion vent manifold under high temperature.

[0087] Furthermore, a channel is opened in the boss along the x direction; the supporting member includes two supporting ribs, and the two supporting ribs are respectively inserted into the two channels to support the large-capacity battery.

[0088] Furthermore, the L-shaped bracket is an L-shaped plate; the first bracket of one L-shaped plate is detachably fixed to one end of the two supporting ribs, and the first bracket of the other L-shaped plate is detachably fixed to the other end of the two supporting ribs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0089] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery assembly in Example 1;

[0090] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 1;

[0091] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in Example 1;

[0092] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery provided with an insulating protective cover in Example 1;

[0093] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the housing in Example 1;

[0094] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cylinder assembly in Example 1;

[0095] Figure 7 The structure of the end plate assembly in Example 1 is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0096] Figure 8 The structure of the end plate assembly in Example 1 is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0097] Fig. 9 The structure of the end plate assembly in Example 1 is shown in FIG. Figure 3 ;

[0098] Fig.10 This is a schematic structural diagram of an end plate assembly in which a third end plate is added in Example 1;

[0099] Fig.11 is a schematic structural diagram of the bracket assembly in Example 1;

[0100] Fig.12 is an exploded schematic diagram of the bracket assembly in Example 1;

[0101] Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the bracket assembly in Example 1;

[0102] Fig.14 is a schematic structural diagram of another bracket assembly;

[0103] Fig.15 is a structural schematic diagram of the third type of bracket assembly;

[0104] Fig.16 A schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery having a third type of bracket assembly;

[0105] Fig.17 is a schematic structural diagram of the sealing connector in Example 2;

[0106] Fig.18 The structure of the sealing connector with a bottom plate in Example 2 is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0107] Fig.19 The structure of the sealing connector with a bottom plate in Example 2 is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0108] Fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of another sealing connector;

[0109] Fig.21 This is a schematic diagram of a partial explosion of a large-capacity battery in Example 2;

[0110] Fig. 22 It is a structural schematic diagram of the third type of sealing connector;

[0111] Fig.23 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pole adapter in Example 3;

[0112] Fig.24 is a cross-sectional view of the pole adapter in Example 3;

[0113] Fig.25 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 4;

[0114] Fig.26 This is a schematic diagram of the partial explosion structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 5;

[0115] Fig. 27 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 5;

[0116] Fig.28 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pressure plate in Example 5;

[0117] Fig.29 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery assembly in Example 7;

[0118] Fig.30 This is a schematic diagram of the partial explosion structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 7;

[0119] Fig.31 is a schematic structural diagram of the insulating frame in Example 7;

[0120] Fig.32 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 7;

[0121] Fig.33 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 8;

[0122] Fig.34 This is a schematic diagram of the partial explosion structure of a large-capacity battery in Example 8;

[0123] Fig.35 This is a schematic diagram of building a battery pack based on a large-capacity battery in Example 8;

[0124] Fig.36 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack constructed based on a large-capacity battery in Example 8;

[0125] Fig.37 Schematic diagram of the partial explosion structure of the large-capacity battery with the second hollow tube in Example 8.

[0126] The reference numerals in the figure are: 1, large-capacity battery; 11, shell; 111, shell top plate; 112, shell bottom plate; 113, cylinder assembly; 1131, cylinder; 1132, boss; 114, end plate assembly; 1141, first end plate; 1142, second end plate; 1143, first support rib; 1144, gas channel; 1145, first sub-end plate; 1146, second sub-end plate; 1147, third sub-end plate; 1148, first through hole; 1149, second through hole; 1150, third end plate; 12, Single cell; 121, pole; 122, pole adapter; 1221, pole adapter body; 1222, electrical connection pole; 1223, electrical connection part; 1224, horizontal plate; 1225, vertical plate; 1226, first hole; 1227, third through hole; 123, through groove; 13, electrolyte shared chamber; 14, gas chamber; 15, avoidance hole; 16, liquid cooling pipe; 161, first pipe; 162, second pipe; 163, connecting pipe; 17, insulating protective cover; 18, sealing connector; 181, hollow structure 1811, bottom open end; 1812, top open end; 182, bottom plate; 1820, through hole; 183, second annular plate; 184, first annular plate; 19, pressing plate; 191, pressing part; 192, fixing part; 1921, screw hole; 1922, notch; 101, insulating frame; 102, insulating cover; 103, slit; 104, second insulating frame; 105, insulating bottom plate; 106, electrical connection column avoidance hole; 107, partition; 108, pole adapter accommodating cavity; 109, glue injection Groove; 110, second chamber; 2, bracket assembly; 21, support member; 211, support rib; 22, L-shaped bracket; 221, first bracket; 222, second bracket; 3, explosion relief mechanism; 31, first explosion relief member; 32, second explosion relief member; 311, first hollow pipe; 312, second hollow pipe; 321, first interface; 322, second interface; 323, third interface; 4, flexible pipe section; 5, channel; 224, connecting rod; 226, positioning hole; 223, L-shaped support rod; 212, support plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0127] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the utility model are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0128] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0129] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "top, bottom" etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first, second, third, fourth, etc." are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0130] The utility model is a large-capacity battery assembly, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a large-capacity battery 1 and a bracket assembly 2; wherein the structure of the large-capacity battery 1 is as follows Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, it includes a housing 11 and a plurality of single cells 12 ; the plurality of single cells 12 are arranged in the same direction and placed in the housing 11 .

[0131] Generally, the large-capacity battery 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure. The utility model is described by taking the large-capacity battery 1 with a rectangular parallelepiped structure as an example. For the convenience of description, the length direction of the large-capacity battery 1 is defined as the x direction, the width direction is defined as the y direction, and the height direction is defined as the z direction.

[0132] The housing 11 is provided with at least one shared chamber extending along the x-direction;

[0133] It should be noted that:

[0134] The shared chamber may be an electrolyte shared chamber 13 (such as Figure 3 As shown), the inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 is connected to the inner cavity electrolyte area of ​​all the single cells 12. Through the electrolyte sharing chamber 13, each single cell 12 can be placed in a unified electrolyte environment, ensuring the uniformity of the electrolyte in each single cell 12; improving the performance and charge and discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0135] The shared chamber may also be a gas chamber 14 disposed on the top plate 111 of the housing (eg Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1 , the gas chamber 14 covers the gas port on the top of each single cell 12 in the large-capacity battery 1. It should be noted that the gas port here includes the following two meanings:

[0136] 1) The gas port is a through hole directly opened on the upper cover of the single cell 12 and penetrating the inner cavity of the single cell 12;

[0137] At this time, the inner cavity of the gas chamber 14 is connected with the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of each single battery 12 through the gas port. The gas chamber 14 serves as a gas sharing chamber for each single battery 12. Based on the gas chamber 14, the gas areas of each single battery 12 can be connected to achieve gas balance, so that the gas of each single battery 12 is shared to ensure the consistency of each single battery 12, which improves the cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1 to a certain extent; when any single battery 12 has thermal runaway, the smoke in the inner cavity of the single battery 12 enters the gas chamber 14 and is discharged through the gas chamber 14, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0138] 2) The gas port is an explosion vent or explosion-proof port provided on the upper cover of the single battery 12, and an explosion vent membrane is provided at the explosion vent or explosion-proof port;

[0139] At this time, the gas chamber 14 is used as an explosion relief channel 5. When the explosion relief membrane at the gas port of any single battery 12 is broken by the internal cavity smoke, the internal cavity of the single battery 12 is connected with the gas chamber, and the internal smoke is discharged through the gas chamber 14, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0140] The above-mentioned shared chamber can also be a gas-liquid shared chamber, and the inner cavity of the gas-liquid shared chamber is connected to the electrolyte area and gas area of ​​the inner cavity of all single cells 12. Through a gas-liquid shared chamber, each single cell 12 can be placed in a unified electrolyte environment and gas environment, thereby improving the performance and charge and discharge cycle life of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0141] Research has found that during the battery charging and discharging process, the temperature at the battery polarity terminals is the highest point in the battery. If the heat at the battery polarity terminals is processed, the battery can be effectively cooled, thereby achieving effective temperature control of the battery.

[0142] Therefore, in order to improve the heat dissipation performance of such large-capacity battery 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3 It can be seen that the utility model has avoidance holes 15 on the outer shell top plate 111 corresponding to the polarity terminals of each single battery 12; the polarity terminals of each single battery 12 extend out of the corresponding avoidance holes 15, and the outer shell top plate 111 area around the avoidance holes 15 is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single battery 12, so that the gap between the polarity terminals and the avoidance holes 15 is sealed.

[0143] A clamping portion for a liquid cooling tube 16 is provided at the location where the polarity terminal of each single battery 12 extends out of the avoidance hole 15; the liquid cooling tube 16 is fixed to the clamping portion for the liquid cooling tube 16. Since the liquid cooling tube 16 is in direct contact with the polarity terminal of the single battery 12, the liquid cooling tube 16 and the single battery 12 need to be insulated to ensure safety.

[0144] It should be noted that the polarity terminal of the single cell battery 12 described here can be the pole 121 of the single cell battery 12. In order to avoid the pole 121 of the single cell battery 12 from being unable to smoothly extend out of the avoidance hole 15 as a polarity terminal, a pole adapter 122 can also be connected to the pole 121 of the single cell battery 12, and the overall structure of the pole 121 of the single cell battery 12 and the pole adapter 122 can be used as the polarity terminal of the single cell battery 12.

[0145] When the temperature of the large-capacity battery 1 is higher than the set threshold, a heat transfer medium with a lower temperature is introduced into the liquid cooling tube 16 to cool the large-capacity battery 1; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery 1 is lower than the set threshold, a heat transfer medium with a higher temperature is introduced into the liquid cooling tube 16 to heat the large-capacity battery 1; by controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery 1 always operates at a normal operating temperature.

[0146] At the same time, in order to prevent condensation generated by the liquid cooling tube 16 from causing safety problems, the utility model also lays an insulating sealant layer on the top plate 111 of the outer shell, and a partial area of ​​the polarity terminal of each single battery 12 is covered by the insulating sealant layer, and the electrical connection part of the polarity terminal of each single battery 12 extends out of the insulating sealant layer for connection with the electrical connector; the main part of the liquid cooling tube 16 is covered by the insulating sealant layer, and the liquid inlet and outlet ends of the liquid cooling tube 16 extend out of the insulating sealant layer for connection with the liquid cooling equipment.

[0147] Furthermore, since the polarity terminals of the single battery 12 are directly exposed to the external environment, there is a great safety hazard during use due to the polarity terminals of the single battery 12 being charged. Figure 4 As shown, the utility model arranges an insulating protective cover 17 on the top of the large-capacity battery 1, thereby providing insulation protection for the polarity terminals of the single cell 12, avoiding the potential safety hazard of the polarity terminals of the single cell 12 being exposed during the operation of the large-capacity battery 1, and also avoiding the problem of some foreign objects in the external environment falling into the position of the polarity terminals of the single cell 12 causing a short circuit in the large-capacity battery 1, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0148] It should be noted that if the insulating protective cover 17 completely wraps the polarity terminals of the single cell 12, it will make the electrical connection of such a large-capacity battery 1 more difficult. Therefore, in this embodiment, a slit 103 is opened on the side wall of the insulating protective cover 17 parallel to the xz plane. Through the slit 103, the electrical connector can be connected to the polarity terminals of the single cell 12, thereby achieving electrical connection.

[0149] It should also be noted that a channel for the liquid inlet and outlet ends of the liquid cooling tube 16 to extend out needs to be provided on the side wall of the insulating protective cover 17 .

[0150] The bracket assembly 2 of the utility model is mainly composed of a support member 21 and two L-shaped brackets 22. The support member 21 is used to be placed at the bottom of the large-capacity battery 1 to support the large-capacity battery 1. It can adopt a variety of different structural forms, such as a support rib structure or a support plate structure; when the support rib structure is adopted, it is preferred that a corresponding channel is provided at the bottom of the corresponding large-capacity battery for the support rib to be inserted into the channel and cooperate with the L-shaped bracket to support the large-capacity battery; when the support plate structure is adopted, it is preferred that the shape of the support plate is a plate-shaped plate that matches the shape of the bottom of the large-capacity battery to stably support the large-capacity battery.

[0151] The L-shaped bracket 22 includes a first bracket 221 and a second bracket 222, wherein the first bracket 221 is parallel to the yz plane, and the second bracket 222 is parallel to the xy plane, that is, the first bracket 221 and the second bracket 222 in the L-shaped bracket 22 of the utility model are perpendicular to each other. The first brackets 221 of the two L-shaped brackets 22 are respectively fixed to the two ends of the support member 21, and the second brackets 222 are respectively used to fix the frame body opposite to the battery cluster support frame. The L-shaped bracket 22 can also adopt a variety of different structural forms, such as an L-shaped plate, a plate parallel to the yz plane can be used as the first bracket 221, connected to the support member 21, and a plate parallel to the xy plane can be used as the second bracket 222, which is used to fix the frame body of the battery cluster support frame. An L-shaped support rod can also be used, a rod parallel to the yz plane can be used as the first bracket 221, connected to the support member 21, and a rod parallel to the xy plane can be used as the second bracket 222, which is used to fix the frame body of the battery cluster support frame.

[0152] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0153] Example 1

[0154] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that the large-capacity battery assembly of this embodiment includes a large-capacity battery 1 and a bracket assembly 2 .

[0155] The large-capacity battery 1 includes a housing 11 and single cells 12 arranged in the housing 11 .

[0156] The single battery 12 in this embodiment is a square shell battery, and the number is 13. In other embodiments, the number and type of the single battery 12 can be adjusted according to actual needs. The inner cavity of each single battery 12 includes an electrolyte area and a gas area.

[0157] In this embodiment, an electrolyte sharing chamber 13 is provided on the housing bottom plate 112 along the x direction, and the inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 is connected to the inner cavity electrolyte area of ​​each single battery 12 .

[0158] A gas chamber 14 is provided on the housing top plate 111 along the x direction, and the gas chamber 14 covers the gas opening on the top of each single battery 12 .

[0159] In some other embodiments, only an electrolyte sharing chamber 13 or a gas chamber 14 may be provided, or a gas-liquid sharing chamber may be provided along the x direction on the side wall of the shell (parallel to the xz plane), and the inner cavity of the gas-liquid sharing chamber is connected to the electrolyte area and the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of each single battery 12.

[0160] like Figure 5 As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the housing 11 of this embodiment, wherein the housing 11 is disassembled into a cylinder assembly 113 with two open ends and an end plate assembly 114 covering the open ends of the cylinder assembly 113. The cylinder assembly 113 has a structure as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, it includes a barrel 1131 and two bosses 1132 for forming an electrolyte shared chamber 13; both ends of the barrel 1131 are open ends; the two bosses 1132 are located on the inner bottom surface of the barrel 1131, have the same length as the barrel 1131, extend along the x direction, and are arranged in the y direction. The top surface of the boss 1132 is the support surface of each single battery 12. In the y direction, a liquid channel is formed between the two bosses 1132 as the electrolyte shared chamber 13. The above-mentioned barrel assembly 113 can be integrally formed by aluminum extrusion process.

[0161] In some other embodiments, the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 can also be directly formed on the bottom plate of the cylinder 1131, and the bottom plate of the cylinder 1131 is raised in a direction away from the top plate of the cylinder 1131; or a pipe section is arranged outside the bottom plate of the cylinder 1131, and the inner cavity of the pipe section is used as the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 (through holes need to be opened in the tube wall and the bottom plate of the cylinder 1131).

[0162] In some other embodiments, the shell 11 includes a cylinder with upper and lower openings and an upper cover and a lower cover respectively covering the upper and lower open ends of the cylinder; the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 is arranged on the lower cover, and the gas chamber 14 is arranged on the upper cover; the lower cover and the cylinder can also be an integral part.

[0163] like Figures 7 to 9, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the end plate assembly 114 of this embodiment, includes a first end plate 1141 and a second end plate 1142 which are parallel to each other, and a first support rib 1143 is arranged between the first end plate 1141 and the second end plate 1142 to form a gas channel 1144. It can be seen from the figure that this embodiment includes two first support ribs 1143, which extend along the z direction and are arranged in the y direction, and a gas channel 1144 is formed between the first end plate 1141, the second end plate 1142 and the two first support ribs 1143. In the z direction, the size of the two first support ribs 1143 is the same as that of the second end plate 1142, and the gas channel 1144 extends along the z direction, with the upper end port serving as the gas inlet end of the gas channel 1144 and the lower end port serving as the gas outlet end of the gas channel 1144, which is connected to the first through hole 1148 provided on the first end plate 1141.

[0164] In some other embodiments, one or more first supporting ribs 1143 may be provided between the first end plate 1141 and the second end plate 1142 , as long as a structurally stable gap is formed between the first end plate 1141 and the second end plate 1142 as a gas channel 1144 .

[0165] When one first supporting rib 1143 is used, the first supporting rib 1143 may extend along the z direction and, in the y direction, may be located in the middle of the first end plate 1141 and the second end plate 1142. However, compared with this embodiment, its structural stability is relatively weak.

[0166] When more than two first support ribs 1143 are used, the first support ribs 1143 can extend along the z direction and be arranged at equal intervals in the y direction. Compared with the present embodiment, the first support ribs 1143 have higher structural strength, but the processing cost is higher.

[0167] In some other embodiments, the second end plate 1142 and the first end plate 1141 may be fixed by screws. It should be noted that in order to ensure that the gas channel 1144 is formed between the second end plate 1142 and the first end plate 1141, the length of the screw in the x direction should be greater than the gap between the second end plate 1142 and the first end plate 1141, and less than the distance between the inner surface of the second end plate 1142 and the outer surface of the first end plate 1141 (the surface close to each single cell 12 is defined as the inner surface). The head of the screw passes through the second end plate 1142 and is connected to the first end plate 1141. In order for the end plate assembly 114 to be able to function as a whole and better squeeze each single cell 12, a gasket is provided between the second end plate 1142 and the first end plate 1141 in this embodiment, and the head of the screw passes through the second end plate 1142, the gasket is connected to the first end plate 1141 in sequence, so as to avoid the gap between the second end plate 1142 and the first end plate 1141 becoming smaller or even disappearing when squeezing the single cell 12.

[0168] In this embodiment, the end plate assembly 114 is an integral part, that is, the first end plate 1141, the second end plate 1142 and the first support rib 1143 are an integral part, which can be integrally processed and formed by aluminum extrusion technology. Compared with separate parts, it has a stable structure and a lower processing cost.

[0169] In order to ensure that all the thermal runaway smoke enters the gas channel 1144, in the y direction, the distance between the two first support ribs 1143 is preferably larger than the size of the gas chamber 14, that is, the size of the air inlet end of the gas channel 1144 is larger than the size of the air outlet end of the gas chamber 14; when any single cell 12 experiences thermal runaway, the smoke in the inner cavity of the single cell 12 enters the gas chamber 14, and after being ejected from the gas chamber 14, all of the smoke can enter the gas channel 1144, push open the explosion relief mechanism 3 fixed at the first through hole 1148 of the first end plate 1141, and be discharged.

[0170] like Figure 5 As shown, the end plate assembly 114 of this embodiment is fixed to at least one open end of the above-mentioned cylinder assembly 113, and the other open end can be sealed by another end plate assembly. The other end plate assembly is different from the above-mentioned end plate assembly in that the first through hole 1148 is not provided on the first end plate.

[0171] For the convenience of description, the first end plate 1141 in this embodiment is divided into three areas according to different sealing objects, and the three areas are defined as a first sub-end plate 1145, a second sub-end plate 1146 and a third sub-end plate 1147, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 shown.

[0172] The first sub-end plate 1145 is used to seal the open end of the gas chamber 14 of the large-capacity battery 1. The shape of the first sub-end plate 1145 is adapted to the shape of the open end of the gas chamber 14. The area of ​​the first sub-end plate 1145 can be slightly larger than the area of ​​the open end of the gas chamber 14, and it is fixed to the open end of the gas chamber 14 by fusion welding; the area of ​​the first sub-end plate 1145 can also be slightly smaller than the area of ​​the open end of the gas chamber 14, and it is fixed to the open end of the gas chamber 14 by embedding welding.

[0173] The second sub-end plate 1146 is used to seal the open end of the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 of the large-capacity battery 1. The shape of the second sub-end plate 1146 is adapted to the shape of the open end of the electrolyte sharing chamber 13. The area of ​​the second sub-end plate 1146 can be slightly larger than the area of ​​the open end of the electrolyte sharing chamber 13, and it is fixed to the open end of the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 by fusion welding; the area of ​​the second sub-end plate 1146 can also be slightly smaller than the area of ​​the open end of the electrolyte sharing chamber 13, and it is fixed to the open end of the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 by embedding welding.

[0174] The third sub-end plate 1147 is used to seal the open end of the cylinder 1131 of the large-capacity battery 1. The shape of the third sub-end plate 1147 is adapted to the shape of the open end of the cylinder 1131. The area of ​​the third sub-end plate 1147 can be slightly larger than the area of ​​the open end of the cylinder 1131, and it is fixed to the open end of the cylinder 1131 by fusion welding; the area of ​​the third sub-end plate 1147 can also be slightly smaller than the area of ​​the open end of the cylinder 1131, and it is fixed to the open end of the cylinder 1131 by embedding welding.

[0175] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the first sub-end plate 1145, the second sub-end plate 1146 and the third sub-end plate 1147 are an integral part. In some other embodiments, a split structure may be adopted, but compared with the integral structure, firstly, its processing procedure is more complicated, and secondly, because the sub-end plates need to be connected to each other, each connection part is a weak part or a leak-prone point, which leads to weak sealing of the entire outer shell 11.

[0176] A first through hole 1148 is provided in the first end plate 1141 area corresponding to the second sub-end plate 1146 or the open end of the electrolyte sharing chamber 13. Figure 8 It can be seen that in this embodiment, part of the first through hole 1148 is located on the second sub-end plate 1146, and the other part is located on the third sub-end plate 1147. The explosion relief mechanism 3 is welded at the first through hole 1148 (see Figure 2 );

[0177] Combination Fig. 9 It can be seen that the shape of the second end plate 1142 of this embodiment is compatible with the shape of the third sub-end plate 1147. On the yz plane, the positive projection of the second end plate 1142 is located on the third sub-end plate 1147, and the projection area is less than or equal to the third sub-end plate 1147, avoiding the second end plate 1142 from blocking the first through hole 1148.

[0178] In some other embodiments, when the second end plate 1142 is larger in size along the z direction, fixing it to the third sub-end plate 1147 may block the first through hole 1148, resulting in the gas channel 1144 or the electrolyte shared chamber 13 being unable to communicate with the explosion relief mechanism 3. In order to solve this problem, a through hole or a notch that passes through the first through hole 1148 can be opened in the second end plate 1142 to ensure that the first through hole 1148 is connected to the electrolyte shared chamber 13 or the gas channel 1144.

[0179] The end plate assembly 114 is fixed to the open end of the cylinder assembly 113, and cooperates with the explosion relief mechanism 3 to seal the open end of the cylinder 1131 and the open ends of the gas chamber 14 and the electrolyte shared chamber 13. The gas chamber 14 and the electrolyte shared chamber 13 are connected through the gas channel 1144 on the end plate assembly 114. When any single battery 12 has thermal runaway, the smoke in its cavity rushes out from the gas port, and will pass through the gas chamber 14 and the gas channel 1144 in sequence, break through the explosion relief mechanism 3 and be discharged from the explosion relief mechanism 3.

[0180] When the gas chamber 14 is used as the explosion relief channel 5, the first through hole 1148 is located in the first end plate 1141 area opposite to the open end of the electrolyte shared chamber 13. The first through hole 1148 also serves as an operating port of the unpacking device. The unpacking device extends into the electrolyte shared chamber 13 through the first through hole 1148 to unpack each single battery 12, so that the electrolyte shared chamber 13 and the electrolyte area of ​​the inner cavity of each single battery 12 are connected (when opening the package, the unpacking device extends into the electrolyte shared chamber 13 through the first through hole 1148 to open the sealing film sealed at the opening of the lower cover plate of each single battery 12. The specific sealing film can adopt the sealing film disclosed in Chinese patents CN218525645U and CN218525614U). In addition, the first through hole 1148 can also be used as a liquid injection port. When the electrolyte area in the inner cavity of each single battery 12 and the electrolyte shared chamber 13 are connected, the electrolyte can be injected into the inner cavity of each single battery 12 and the electrolyte shared chamber 13 again through the first through hole 1148 to ensure the continuity of the electrolyte. After the liquid injection is completed, the explosion relief mechanism 3 is sealed and welded to the second sub-end plate 1146 and the third sub-end plate 1147 around the first through hole 1148. Compared with the first through hole 1148, the operating port or the liquid injection port of the package opening device respectively opened in the end plate assembly 114, the overall structural strength of the end plate assembly 114 is higher, and the structure is simple and easy to process.

[0181] A second through hole 1149 can also be opened in the area of ​​the first end plate 1141 corresponding to the open end of the gas chamber 14. After liquid is injected through the second through hole 1149, the continuity of the electrolyte in the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 and the inner cavity of each single battery 12 can be ensured. After the injection is completed, the sealing sheet is sealed in the first sub-end plate 1145 and the partial area of ​​the third sub-end plate 1147 around the second through hole 1149.

[0182] When the gas chamber 14 is used as a gas sharing chamber, in this embodiment, a second through hole 1149 can be opened in the first end plate 1141 area corresponding to the open end of the gas chamber 14. Figure 1It can be seen that in this embodiment, the second through hole 1149 is located on a part of the first sub-end plate 1145 and the third sub-end plate 1147, and the second through hole 1149 is used as a liquid injection port. Electrolyte can be injected into the gas chamber 14 through the second through hole 1149 to dissolve the sealing film sealed at the top opening of each single battery 12 (the sealing film disclosed in Chinese patents CN218525645U and CN218525614U can be used. When injecting liquid, the entire large-capacity battery 1 can be inverted to allow the sealing film to fully dissolve), so that the gas chamber 14 and the inner cavity of each single battery 12 are connected; at the same time, after the large-capacity battery 1 is placed upright, after injecting liquid through the second through hole 1149, the continuity of the electrolyte in the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 and the inner cavity of each single battery 12 can also be ensured. After the injection is completed, the sealing sheet is sealed in the first sub-end plate 1145 and the third sub-end plate 1147 around the second through hole 1149.

[0183] like Fig.10 As shown, the present embodiment can also be provided with a third end plate 1150, which is closely attached to the inner surface of the second end plate 1142 (the surface of the second end plate 1142 close to the single cell 12 is defined as the inner surface). By adjusting the size of the third end plate 1150 along the x direction, all the single cells 12 are clamped in the x direction, thereby improving the stability of each single cell 12 in the inner cavity of the housing 11, and preventing each single cell 12 from swelling, thereby causing the problem of reduced cycle performance of the large-capacity battery 1. In addition, the use of the third end plate 1150 can further prevent the influence of the thermal runaway smoke on the outermost single cell 12.

[0184] It should be noted that after adding the third end plate 1150, it is still necessary to ensure the connectivity of the gas chamber 14, the gas channel 1144, the electrolyte shared chamber 13 and the explosion relief mechanism 3. This can be achieved by reducing the size of the third end plate 1150 in the z direction so that it does not block the first through hole 1148, or by opening a through hole or a gap in the corresponding part of the third end plate 1150 and the first through hole 1148.

[0185] See Figures 1 to 4 In this embodiment, the top plate of the cylinder 1131 is provided with a evacuation hole 15 through which the polarity terminal of each single battery 12 can extend; the polarity terminal of each single battery 12 extends out of the corresponding evacuation hole 15, and the area of ​​the outer shell 11 around the evacuation hole 15 is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single battery 12. Correspondingly, if a cylinder 1131 with upper and lower openings is used, it is necessary to provide an evacuation hole 15 through which the polarity terminal of each single battery 12 can extend out on the upper cover plate.

[0186] A clamping portion for a liquid cooling tube 16 is provided at the location where the polarity terminal of each single battery 12 extends out of the avoidance hole 15 ; the liquid cooling tube 16 is fixed to the clamping portion for the liquid cooling tube 16 .

[0187] In order to prevent condensation generated by the liquid cooling tube 16 from causing safety problems, an insulating sealant layer is also laid on the top plate 111 of the outer shell, and a partial area of ​​the polarity terminal of each single battery 12 is covered by the insulating sealant layer, and the electrical connection part of the polarity terminal of each single battery 12 extends out of the insulating sealant layer for connection with the electrical connector; the main part of the liquid cooling tube 16 is covered by the insulating sealant layer, and the liquid inlet and outlet ends of the liquid cooling tube 16 extend out of the insulating sealant layer for connection with the liquid cooling equipment.

[0188] In this embodiment, an insulating protective cover 17 is also provided on the top of the large-capacity battery 1 to provide insulating protection for the polarity terminals of the single cell 12, thereby avoiding the potential safety hazard of the polarity terminals of the single cell 12 being exposed during the operation of the large-capacity battery 1, and also avoiding the problem of some foreign objects in the external environment falling into the position of the polarity terminals of the single cell 12 and causing a short circuit in the large-capacity battery 1, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0189] It should be noted that if the insulating protective cover 17 completely wraps the polarity terminals of the single cell 12, it will make the electrical connection of such a large-capacity battery 1 more difficult. Therefore, in this embodiment, a slit 103 is opened on the side wall of the insulating protective cover 17 parallel to the xz plane. Through the slit 103, the electrical connector can be connected to the polarity terminals of the single cell 12, thereby achieving electrical connection.

[0190] It should also be noted that a channel for the liquid inlet and outlet ends of the liquid cooling tube 16 to extend out needs to be provided on the side wall of the insulating protective cover 17 .

[0191] The structure of the bracket assembly 2 in this embodiment is as follows Fig.11 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that this embodiment uses two mutually parallel supporting ribs 211 as the supporting member 21; and uses an L-shaped plate as the L-shaped bracket 22.

[0192] In some other embodiments, the number of the supporting ribs 211 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0193] The first plates of the two L-shaped plates (plates parallel to the yz plane) serve as first brackets 221, and are respectively connected to the ends of the same side of the two support ribs 211. The second plates of the two L-shaped plates (plates parallel to the xy plane) serve as second brackets 222, and are respectively used to fix the frame body opposite to the battery cluster support frame. The first plate and the second plate can be an integral part or a separate part.

[0194] In order to cooperate with the bracket assembly 2, in this embodiment, a channel 5 is provided in the boss 1132 of the barrel assembly 113 along the x direction (see Figure 6 ).

[0195] A support rib 211 having a length greater than that of the housing 11 and a cross section matching that of the channel 5 is inserted into the channel 5 , and ensure that both ends of the support rib 211 extend out of both ends of the channel 5 .

[0196] The support rib 211 can be a solid structure or a hollow structure, and its cross-section is preferably compatible with the channel 5, such as a rectangular cross-section, a trapezoidal cross-section, or other polygonal cross-sections, which are not listed here one by one.

[0197] like Fig.12 As shown, this embodiment uses a relatively simple rectangular cross-section support rib 211, so the corresponding cross-section of the channel 5 is also preferably rectangular. Using a rectangular cross-section support rib 211 to support a large-capacity battery has good support stability. Fig.12 It can be seen that the support rib 211 of this embodiment is a hollow structure to facilitate connection with the L-shaped plate. The specific connection method is described in detail below.

[0198] In order to ensure the supporting strength of the support rib 211, the present embodiment selects metal material as the material of the support rib 211, and a thermoplastic tube can be sleeved on the support rib 211 to insulate the support rib 211 from the large-capacity battery.

[0199] In some other embodiments, insulating materials may be directly selected to prepare the support ribs 211 , but compared with this embodiment, the support strength thereof is difficult to ensure.

[0200] In the assembly process of this embodiment, the support rib 211 needs to be inserted into the channel 5 first, and then the L-shaped plate is fixed to both ends of the support rib 211 extending out of the channel 5. Therefore, in this embodiment, the support rib 211 and the L-shaped plate are separate parts.

[0201] Combination Fig.13 It can be seen that in this embodiment, a connecting rod 224 extending along the x direction is provided on the first plate (first bracket 221) of the L-shaped plate for connecting with the supporting rib 211. Corresponding positioning holes 226 are provided on the supporting rib 211 and the connecting rod 224.

[0202] During specific assembly, the support rib 211 is inserted into the channel 5 , and then the connecting rod 224 is inserted into the support rib 211 , and the two are fixed by screws or pins penetrating the positioning holes 226 .

[0203] In some other embodiments, the connecting rod 224 can be connected to the supporting rib 211 by welding. However, in order to improve the energy density, there is a small distance between the first plate and the large-capacity battery, which makes the operating space smaller and the welding more difficult.

[0204] In some other embodiments, the support ribs 211 and the L-shaped plate may be an integrated part, and the large-capacity battery 1 may be directly placed on the support ribs 211 for support. Accordingly, in order to improve the support stability, the number of support ribs 211 may be increased.

[0205] from Fig.13 It can also be seen that in this embodiment, a hollow portion is provided on the first plate, and the parts on both sides of the hollow portion are respectively connected to two support ribs 211. By providing the hollow portion, on the one hand, the weight of the L-shaped plate is reduced, thereby reducing its impact on the normal use of the battery cluster support frame, and on the other hand, the hollow portion can be used for the extension of certain functional structures on the large-capacity battery. For example, Fig.29 In the embodiment, the explosion relief mechanism 3 on the large-capacity battery 1 can be extended.

[0206] In this embodiment, a long hole is opened on the second plate (second bracket 222) of the L-shaped plate, and screws are inserted into the long hole to fix it to the battery cluster support frame. The provision of the long hole can compensate for the size error of the large-capacity battery assembly in the x direction, ensuring the reliability of the connection.

[0207] In some other embodiments, such as Fig.14 As shown, the L-shaped bracket 22 is composed of two L-shaped support rods 223; that is, two L-shaped support rods 223 constitute an L-shaped bracket 22;

[0208] The first brackets 221 of two L-shaped support rods 223 are detachably fixed to the two ends of the same support rib 211 , and the first brackets 221 of the other two L-shaped support rods 223 are detachably fixed to the two ends of another support rib 211 .

[0209] In some other embodiments, such as Fig.15 and Fig.16 As shown, the support member 21 is a support plate 212 that is adapted to the bottom shape of the large-capacity battery 1, and supports the large-capacity battery. In order to reduce the weight of the support plate 212, a weight-reducing hole can be opened on the support plate 212. However, it should be noted that the opening of the weight-reducing hole is based on the premise that it does not affect the support strength. There are two L-shaped brackets 22, both of which are L-shaped plates; the first bracket 221 of one of the L-shaped plates is connected to one end of the support plate 212, and the first bracket 221 of the other L-shaped plate is connected to the other end of the support plate 212. Different from the structure of the large-capacity battery 1 in this embodiment, there is no need to open a channel 5 on the boss 1132 of the barrel assembly 113.

[0210] Example 2

[0211] In this embodiment, the sealing connector 18 is used to achieve fixed sealing between the housing 11 area around each avoidance hole 15 and the housing of the single battery 12 .

[0212] In Embodiment 1, when the sizes of the individual cells 12 in the z direction are similar, the avoidance hole 15 can be sealed by directly welding the area of ​​the housing top plate 111 around the avoidance hole 15 and the upper cover plate of the corresponding individual cell 12 .

[0213] However, when the dimensions of each single cell 12 in the z direction have large deviations, if it is necessary to ensure that the lower covers of each single cell 12 are in the same horizontal plane, the upper covers of each single cell 12 will have uneven heights, resulting in gaps between the upper covers of some individual single cells 12 and the top plate 111 of the outer shell, which may lead to cold welds between the top plate 111 of the outer shell and the upper cover of the single cell during welding, or even the problem of being unable to weld. In order to solve this problem, it is possible to consider using a sealing connector 18 to achieve sealing of the avoidance hole 15.

[0214] The specific sealing connector 18 may include a hollow member 181 (similar to a hollow tube), which is sleeved on the outside of the polarity terminal of the single cell 12; the bottom of the hollow member 181 is sealed to the area around the polarity terminal of the upper cover of the single cell 12, and the top of the hollow member 181 is sealed to the area of ​​the shell top plate 111 around the avoidance hole 15. The sealing connection can be achieved by riveting or welding (in order to ensure the sealing performance of the connection part, welding is preferred). The area of ​​the shell top plate 111 around the avoidance hole 15 is the outer surface area of ​​the shell top plate 111 around the avoidance hole 15; or it is the hole wall of the avoidance hole 15.

[0215] However, in actual processing and application, the following problems were found:

[0216] 1. When the bottom of the hollow member 181 and the area around the polarity terminals of the upper cover of the single battery 12 are sealed and connected by welding, part of the upper cover of the single battery 12 is easily damaged, resulting in the scrapping of the single battery 12;

[0217] 2. The area around the polarity terminals of the upper cover of some single cells 12 may not be welded due to the presence of other structures;

[0218] 3. Even if there is no visible damage during the processing, in actual application, when individual single cells 12 in the large-capacity battery 1 with the above-mentioned sealing connector 18 have thermal runaway, the thermal runaway smoke will leak from the connection area around the polarity terminal of the upper cover plate of the single cell 12. Therefore, if the above-mentioned multiple large-capacity batteries 1 are assembled as energy storage equipment, when thermal runaway occurs, the thermal runaway smoke may leak from the welding parts around the polarity terminal of the upper cover plate of the single cell 12 and diffuse, posing certain safety hazards. Based on this problem, the large-capacity battery 1 after thermal runaway was disassembled, and it was found that cracks appeared in the connection area around the polarity terminal of the upper cover plate of the single cell 12 that had thermal runaway (the connection area with the bottom of the sealing connector 18). After analysis, the reason for this phenomenon is that there is a certain weak area around the polarity terminal of the upper cover plate of the single cell 12. If the connection area falls into this weak area, it will cause the above-mentioned problem. The reason is that the welding process causes certain damage to the weak area, which makes the area unable to withstand the thermal runaway pressure. When thermal runaway occurs, cracks are generated, causing thermal runaway smoke to leak from the area.

[0219] Based on this, the present embodiment considers optimizing the structure of the sealing connector 18, mainly adjusting the size and shape of the bottom open end 1811 of the hollow component 181, so that the orthographic projection of the bottom open end 1811 of the hollow component 181 on the upper cover of the single cell 12 covers the weak area around the polarity terminal of the upper cover of the single cell 12; thereby ensuring that when welding the bottom of the hollow component 181 and the surrounding area of ​​the polarity terminal of the upper cover of the single cell 12, the weak area around the polarity terminal of the upper cover of the single cell 12 can be avoided, thereby avoiding damage to the weak area during the welding process.

[0220] It should be noted that:

[0221] 1. The size, position and shape of the weak area corresponding to the single battery 12 produced by different manufacturers are also different. Therefore, when processing the sealing connector 18, this embodiment first needs to determine the size, position and shape of the weak area of ​​the single battery 12, and adjust the size and shape of the bottom open end 1811 of the hollow component 181 according to the single battery 12 produced by different manufacturers.

[0222] 2. In this embodiment, areas that are easily damaged by welding, areas that cannot be welded, or areas where the pressure bearing capacity is reduced due to welding are all referred to as weak areas.

[0223] like Fig.17 , which is a schematic structural diagram of the sealing connector 18 of this embodiment. It can be seen from the figure that the sealing connector 18 of this embodiment includes a hollow component 181, which can also be called a hollow pipe.

[0224] Both ends of the hollow component 181 are open ends. For the convenience of description, one of the open ends is defined as a bottom open end 1811 , and the other open end is defined as a top open end 1812 .

[0225] The bottom of the hollow member 181 is used to be sealed and connected to the first area of ​​the single cell 12, and the first area mentioned here is the peripheral area of ​​the weak area of ​​the upper cover of the single cell 12; in order to seal and connect the bottom of the hollow member 181 to the first area of ​​the single cell 12, the orthographic projection (orthographic projection area) of the bottom open end 1811 of the hollow member 181 on the upper cover of the single cell 12 in this embodiment covers the weak area around the polarity terminal on the upper cover of the single cell 12. It should be noted that, in this case, the orthographic projection (orthographic projection area) of the bottom open end 1811 of the hollow member 181 on the upper cover of the single cell 12 must cover the polarity terminal on the upper cover of the single cell 12.

[0226] During welding, the hollow member 181 can be positioned on the upper cover of the single cell 12, and the position of the hollow member 181 can be adjusted so that the orthographic projection of the open end 1811 of the bottom of the hollow member 181 on the upper cover of the single cell 12 covers the weak area around the polarity terminal on the upper cover of the single cell 12; then, the bottom of the hollow member 181 and the upper cover of the single cell 12 are welded. Since the two welded surfaces are perpendicular to each other, the reliability and sealing of the welded part may be relatively weak.

[0227] To solve this problem, Fig.18 and Fig.19 As shown, the bottom plate 182 can be fixed at the open end 1811 at the bottom of the hollow component 181, and a through hole 1820 can be opened on the bottom plate 182. The size of the through hole 1820 needs to ensure that the polarity terminal of the single battery 12 can pass through, and the bottom plate 182 is welded to the peripheral area of ​​the weak area around the polarity terminal of the upper cover plate of the single battery 12.

[0228] The size and shape of the through hole 1820 can be determined according to the size and shape of the weak area of ​​the single cell 12. As can be seen from the figure, the through hole 1820 in this embodiment is a waist-shaped through hole, and the weak area of ​​the corresponding single cell 12 is also a waist-shaped area; preferably, the orthographic projection of the through hole 1820 on the upper cover of the single cell 12 covers the weak area around the polarity terminal on the upper cover of the single cell 12; in this way, when the bottom plate 182 is welded to the upper cover of the single cell 12, the welding part must be located outside the weak area.

[0229] The bottom plate 182 can be fixed to the bottom open end 1811 of the hollow component 181 by welding, or the bottom plate 182 and the hollow component 181 can be processed into an integral part by an integrated processing method. Compared with separate parts, the processing cost of the integral part is lower, and it also has higher structural stability.

[0230] In some other embodiments, such as Fig. 20 As shown, a second annular plate 183 can also be fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the bottom of the hollow member 181, and the second annular plate 183 is welded to the outer area of ​​the weak area around the polarity terminal on the upper cover of the single battery 12. Because the orthographic projection of the open end 1811 at the bottom of the hollow member 181 on the upper cover of the single battery 12 covers the weak area around the polarity terminal on the upper cover of the single battery 12, the second annular plate 183 is located on the outer side of the bottom of the hollow member 181, and its inner diameter must be larger than the diameter of the open end 1811 at the bottom of the hollow member 181. In this way, when the second annular plate 183 is welded to the upper cover of the single battery 12, the welding part must be located in the outer area of ​​the weak area. The second annular plate 183 can be fixed to the open end 1811 at the bottom of the hollow member 181 by welding, or the second annular plate 183 and the hollow member 181 can be processed into an integral part by an integrated processing method. Compared with the split parts, the processing cost of the integral part is lower, and it also has higher structural stability.

[0231] The top of the hollow member 181 is used to seal and connect with the area of ​​the top plate 111 of the shell around the avoidance hole 15; in this embodiment, the size and shape of the open end 1812 at the top of the hollow member 181 are mainly related to the shape of the avoidance hole 15. For example, the avoidance hole 15 of the large-capacity battery 1 adapted by the hollow member 181 in this embodiment is a round hole, so the open end 1812 at the top of the hollow member 181 is round, and the diameter is slightly smaller than the diameter of the avoidance hole 15. In this embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the hollow member 181 is used to fit tightly with the hole wall of the avoidance hole 15, and the hollow member 181 and the avoidance hole 15 are welded and sealed by laser welding; the welding area between the hollow member 181 and the avoidance hole 15 is between the outer edge of the top of the hollow member 181 and the inner edge of the hole wall of the avoidance hole 15.

[0232] like Fig.21 As shown in FIG. 1 , a partial exploded schematic diagram of the large-capacity battery 1 of this embodiment is shown. In order to clearly illustrate the connection position between the sealing connector 18 and the upper cover plate of the single battery 12 and the housing top plate 111 area around the avoidance hole 15, Fig.21 In the figure, three states are shown. At position a, the bottom plate 182 of the sealing connector 18 is welded and sealed with the outer area of ​​the weak area of ​​the upper cover plate; at position b, the pole 121 of the single cell 12 is located in the avoidance hole 15, and the welding of the sealing connector 18 is not completed; at position c, the single cell 12 is not installed in the corresponding part of the avoidance hole 15, and the structure of the avoidance hole 15 can be clearly displayed.

[0233] In some other embodiments, such as Fig. 22 As shown (different from Fig.19The through hole 1820 on the bottom plate 182 of the sealing connector 18 is a circular hole), and a first annular plate 184 can be fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the top of the hollow member 181, and the first annular plate 184 is welded and sealed with the second area of ​​the housing 11; the second area is the outer surface area of ​​the housing top plate 111 around the avoidance hole 15. The first annular plate 184 can be fixed to the open end 1812 of the top of the hollow member 181 by welding.

[0234] Example 3

[0235] This embodiment mainly takes the overall structure of the polarity terminal being the pole 121 of the single battery 12 and the pole adapter 122 as an example to introduce the structure of the pole adapter 122 in detail.

[0236] like Figure 3 and Fig.21 As shown, the polarity terminal of this embodiment is an integral structure of a single battery 12 pole 121 and a pole adapter 122; the pole adapter 122 connected to the positive pole or the negative pole has the same structure. This embodiment takes the pole adapter 122 connected to the positive pole 121 as an example, and its structure is as shown in FIG. Fig.23 and Fig.24 shown.

[0237] As can be seen from the figure, the pole adapter 122 of this embodiment includes a pole adapter body 1221 and an electrical connection post 1222 .

[0238] The pole adapter body 1221 is a rectangular block. In some other embodiments, the pole adapter body 1221 can also be a cylinder. It can be made of metal materials with good electrical and thermal conductivity, such as silver, copper, aluminum, etc., but considering the cost and electrical and thermal conductivity, aluminum is generally selected as the material of the pole adapter body 1221.

[0239] In this embodiment, the electrical connection column 1222 is a cylinder fixed at the bottom of the pole adapter body 1221 , and the cross section of the cylinder is adapted to the cross section of the pole 121 of the single battery 12 ; the electrical connection column 1222 is connected to the pole 121 of the single battery 12 .

[0240] In order to facilitate the connection between the electrical connection column 1222 and the pole 121 of the single battery 12, the present embodiment opens a first hole 1226 on the pole adapter body 1221. The first hole 1226 may be a blind hole. The bottom of the blind hole is welded to the pole 121 of the single battery 12 to achieve the connection between the two. In order to eliminate welding stress, a third through hole 1227 penetrating the blind hole may be opened at the bottom of the blind hole. It can also be understood that the structure of the first hole 1226 is a stepped hole, the large hole of the stepped hole is close to the top surface of the pole adapter body 1221, and the small hole is close to the bottom surface of the pole adapter body 1221, such as Fig.24 shown.

[0241] Taking into account the difference in conduction cross-sections, the conductivity of a hollow conductor is weaker than that of a solid conductor. After the pole adapter 122 is connected to the pole 121 of the single battery 12, this embodiment can fix the conductive column in the first hole 1226 to improve the conductivity of the pole adapter body 1221.

[0242] The first hole 1226 can be a round hole, a square hole or other special holes; in order to adapt to the shape of the pole 121, a round hole is preferred in this embodiment. The shape of the conductive column is adapted to the first hole 1226, and is a cylinder. Its outer diameter can be slightly larger than the aperture of the first hole 1226. It is connected to the first hole 1226 in an interference fit manner. In order to facilitate its fixation in the first hole 1226, a chamfer can be set on the end face of the conductive column. The height of the conductive column can be the same as the depth of the first hole 1226, or it can be slightly smaller than the depth of the first hole 1226. The height of the conductive column is not limited in this embodiment. The material of the conductive column is the same as that of the pole adapter body 1221.

[0243] In this embodiment, after the electrical connection column 1222 is added to the pole adapter body 1221, there is no need for the pole 121 of the single battery 12 to extend out of the corresponding avoidance hole 15. Instead, the electrical connection column 1222 of the pole adapter 122 is extended into the avoidance hole 15 to be connected with the pole 121 of the single battery 12 located in the inner cavity of the cylinder 1131. Therefore, during the assembly process, there is no need to add a support between the bottom of the single battery 12 and the bottom plate 182 of the cylinder 1131, thereby simplifying the preparation process of such large-capacity batteries 1.

[0244] like Fig.23 and Fig.24 As shown, in this embodiment, a clamping portion for installing a liquid cooling tube 16 is provided on the pole adapter body 1221. After constructing a large-capacity battery 1 using a single cell 12 having such a pole adapter 122, a liquid cooling tube 16 is installed on the clamping portion of the pole adapter 122, and the heat concentrated on the pole 121 can be transferred from the pole adapter 122 to the liquid cooling tube 16 and then taken out. Similarly, when the ambient temperature is too low and the single cell 12 may not start normally, the external temperature control device can also heat up each single cell 12 through the liquid cooling tube 16.

[0245] The clamping portion can be a through hole or through groove 123 provided on the pole adapter body 1221, and the through hole or through groove 123 extends along the x direction and penetrates both ends of the pole adapter body 1221; the size of the through hole or through groove 123 needs to ensure that the liquid cooling tube 16 is tightly clamped therein, so as to ensure the installation stability and the heat transfer effect between the liquid cooling tube 16 and the pole adapter 122. Compared with the through hole, if the number of the grouped single cells 12 is large, the liquid cooling tube 16 is easier to fix in the through groove 123, and when the liquid cooling tube 16 is made of metal materials such as copper tubes or heat pipes, it is easier to ensure that the liquid cooling tube 16 is in close contact with the groove wall of the through groove 123 than the through hole (that is, the copper tube or heat pipe can be deformed by squeezing from the opening of the through groove 123 through external tooling); the cross section of the through groove 123 can be designed to be U-shaped or C-shaped.

[0246] When the through slot 123 is connected to the first hole 1226 , the conductive column in the first hole 1226 also has the function of improving the heat conduction effect, so that the pole 121 and the liquid cooling tube 16 can achieve better heat exchange.

[0247] Since the utility model lays insulating sealant on the top plate 111 of the housing, it prevents condensation generated by the liquid cooling tube 16 from penetrating into the battery interior, causing a short circuit problem. Therefore, it is considered to pour insulating sealant on the entire pole adapter 122 of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0248] The following two issues need to be considered:

[0249] 1. Electrical connection problem of the pole adapter 122;

[0250] 2. The problem of glue overflow on the top surface of the pole adapter 122 during the glue injection process:

[0251] Regarding problem 1, it can be overcome by:

[0252] By optimizing the structure of the pole adapter 122, an electrical connection portion 1223 is added to the pole adapter 122, and it is ensured that no glue is injected on the electrical connection portion 1223, which is used to connect with the electrical connector; the electrical connector described here is a connecting device for realizing the series connection of two large-capacity batteries 1; it can also be a connecting device for connecting the large-capacity battery 1 with an external load.

[0253] Regarding problem 2, it can be overcome by:

[0254] A rubber blocking structure is added to the pole adapter 122 ; the rubber blocking structure may be a part of the electrical connection portion 1223 .

[0255] like Fig.23 and Fig.24As shown, it can be seen that the pole adapter 122 of this embodiment further includes an electrical connection portion 1223 , which is used to connect to an external electrical connection member while preventing the insulating sealant from overflowing from the top surface of the pole adapter 122 .

[0256] In this embodiment, the electrical connection part 1223 and the pole adapter body 1221 are an integral structure, and in the x direction, the electrical connection part 1223 and the pole adapter body 1221 have the same size. The electrical connection part 1223 is an inverted L-shaped plate, and the vertical plate 1225 of the inverted L-shaped plate is parallel to the xz plane and fixed to the edge of the top surface of the pole adapter 122 extending along the x direction, which can prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing from the edge of the top surface of the pole adapter 122 extending along the x direction. The horizontal plate 1224 is parallel to the xy plane and is used to connect with an external electrical connector. In some cases, the horizontal plate 1224 can also be directly used as an electrical connector.

[0257] Example 4

[0258] This embodiment mainly relates to the specific structure of the liquid cooling tube 16. Figure 1 and Fig.25 It can be seen that the liquid cooling tube 16 of this embodiment is U-shaped as a whole and is a split part, including a first tube 161, a second tube 162 and a connecting tube 163; the first tube 161 is fixed in the clamping part of the liquid cooling tube 16 of the positive terminal of each single battery 12; the second tube 162 is fixed in the clamping part of the liquid cooling tube 16 of the negative terminal of each single battery 12; the two ends of the connecting tube 163 are respectively connected to the ports of the first tube 161 and the second tube 162 on the same side.

[0259] In this embodiment, the liquid cooling tube 16 is a split structure, which is easier to process than an integrally formed liquid cooling tube 16. In addition, since the liquid cooling tube 16 needs to be connected to the positive and negative polarity terminals of the single battery 12, the split liquid cooling tube 16 is easier to ensure the insulation performance of the liquid cooling tube 16 than the integrated liquid cooling tube 16.

[0260] Specifically, the liquid cooling tube 16 can be provided in the following ways:

[0261] The first one is that the first tube 161 and the second tube 162 in the liquid cooling tube 16 are both flexible insulating tubes, and the connecting tube 163 can be a metal tube or a flexible tube, and is connected by a quick-plug connector; the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling tube 16 is water or fluorinated liquid.

[0262] The second type is that the first tube 161 and the second tube 162 in the liquid cooling tube 16 are both aluminum tubes, the connecting tube 163 can be a metal tube or a flexible tube, and the first tube 161, the second tube 162 and the connecting tube 163 are connected by an insulating quick-plug connector; the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling tube 16 is fluorinated liquid.

[0263] The third type is that the first tube 161 and the second tube 162 in the liquid cooling tube 16 are aluminum tubes, the tube wall of the aluminum tube is provided with an insulating layer, the connecting tube 163 is a flexible insulating tube, and the flexible insulating tube is connected to the first tube 161 and the second tube 162 by means of a quick-plug connector; the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling tube 16 is water or fluorinated liquid.

[0264] The fourth type is that the first tube 161 and the second tube 162 of the liquid cooling tube 16 are aluminum tubes, the tube walls of the aluminum tubes are provided with an insulating layer, the connecting tube 163 is a flexible insulating tube, and the flexible insulating tube is connected to the first tube 161 and the second tube 162 through a clamp; the heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling tube 16 is water or fluorinated liquid;

[0265] The fifth type is that the first tube 161 and the second tube 162 in the liquid cooling tube 16 are aluminum tubes, the tube wall of the aluminum tube is provided with an oxide layer and an insulating sleeve is sleeved thereon, and the connecting tube 163 is a flexible insulating tube, which is connected to the first tube 161 and the second tube 162 through a clamp. The heat transfer medium in the liquid cooling tube 16 is water or fluorinated liquid.

[0266] It should be noted that: to ensure the heat conduction effect, the thinner the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is, the better. However, if the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is too thin, the aluminum tube is relatively soft and is easy to bend and break during installation. Therefore, in this embodiment, the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is preferably 0.5mm to 1mm. The aluminum tube with this wall thickness can maintain its installation reliability while having good heat conduction performance, avoiding the risk of easy bending and damage when the wall thickness of the aluminum tube is thin. In specific use, the diameter of the aluminum tube is generally about 10mm to 20mm.

[0267] In the liquid cooling tube 16 of this embodiment, the insulating layer or the oxide layer is formed on the tube wall of the aluminum tube and is an integral structure with the aluminum tube. It can be specifically implemented in the following ways:

[0268] First, a ceramic coating, i.e., a high-temperature electrical insulation coating, is formed on the wall of the aluminum tube to form an insulating layer. The ceramic coating may be boron nitride, aluminum oxide, or copper fluoride coating. However, the insulating layer formed in this way is easy to fall off and the processing cost is high.

[0269] Second, a layer of insulating material (such as insulating paint, etc.) is coated on the wall surface of the aluminum tube to form an insulating layer; this method is easy to process and implement, and the processing cost is low;

[0270] Third, the aluminum tube is oxidized to form an insulating layer. Oxidation is to use the chemical reaction between the metal surface and oxygen to form an oxide film to improve the insulation performance of the metal surface. For example, electrochemical oxidation method, etc. Specifically, the aluminum tube is oxidized to form a hard oxide layer. The insulating layer formed by this method is not easy to fall off, and the insulation performance is relatively good.

[0271] The thicker the hard oxide layer formed by oxidation treatment is, the better the insulation is, but its thermal conductivity will be reduced. In this embodiment, the thickness of the hard oxide layer is preferably 20um to 50um. The hard oxide layer of this thickness ensures the insulation performance while also making the tube wall of the aluminum tube have better thermal conductivity.

[0272] The above-mentioned insulating sleeve can be specifically made of insulating materials with good thermal conductivity, so that it has good insulation performance while having excellent thermal conductivity. In this embodiment, the insulating sleeve adopts a thermally conductive plastic sleeve or a thermally conductive rubber sleeve with good insulation and thermal conductivity, such as a thermally conductive silicone sleeve, etc. At the same time, the thickness of the insulating sleeve is preferably 0.1mm to 1mm, which can ensure good thermal conductivity while ensuring excellent insulation performance. The cross-sectional shape of the insulating sleeve can be circular, U-shaped, or C-shaped, as long as it can be sleeved on the aluminum tube with an insulating layer to achieve insulation at the contact point between the aluminum tube and the polarity terminal of the single battery 12. At the same time, the cross-sectional shape of the above-mentioned insulating sleeve is preferably the same as the cross-sectional shape of the aluminum tube, so that the insulating sleeve can be tightly nested on the aluminum tube to improve the thermal conductivity of the aluminum tube.

[0273] In some other embodiments, an oxide layer or an insulating sleeve may be directly provided on the wall of the aluminum tube, and the structure is relatively simple.

[0274] Example 5

[0275] In this embodiment, based on the above embodiment, the large-capacity battery 1 further includes a pressing plate 19 .

[0276] like Fig.26 and Fig. 27 As shown, through the cooperation between the pressing plate 19 and the pole adapter 122 , the parallel connection between the single cells 12 can be realized, and the liquid cooling tube 16 can be reliably pressed in the through groove 123 of the pole adapter 122 .

[0277] like Fig.28 As shown, the pressing plate 19 specifically includes a clamping portion 191 and a fixing portion 192; the bottom of the clamping portion 191 is an arc surface, which is used to cooperate with the through groove 123 on the pole adapter 122 to press the liquid cooling tube 16 in the through groove 123; the fixing portion 192 is arranged on both sides of the clamping portion 191 to fix the pressing plate 19 on the top of the pole adapter 122.

[0278] The length of the pressing plate 19 can be determined according to the number of the single cells 12, and its length is equivalent to the length of the pole adapters 122 of all the single cells 12 in the large-capacity battery 1 in the arrangement direction. After the pressing plate 19 is connected to the pole adapters 122 of each single cell 12, it has the following two functions:

[0279] 1. Connecting with the pole adapters 122 of multiple single cells 12 to realize reliable parallel connection between the single cells 12. Since the pressure plate 19 only needs to be connected with the pole adapters 122 of each single cell 12 in the same large-capacity battery 1 to realize the parallel connection between the single cells 12. During on-site installation, adjacent large-capacity batteries 1 or battery packs are connected through a separately provided conductive connecting plate. Therefore, the pressure plate 19 does not need to consider the installation error between adjacent large-capacity batteries 1 or battery packs, and the installation requirements are relatively low.

[0280] 2. The pressure plate 19 presses the liquid cooling tube 16 tightly into the through groove 123 of the pole adapter 122, so that the liquid cooling tube 16 and the through groove 123 of the pole adapter 122 are in close contact with each other, with almost no heat conduction gap between the two, thereby increasing the heat exchange effect between the liquid cooling tube 16 and the pole adapter 122.

[0281] The pressure plate 19 in this embodiment is generally made of conductive metal materials, such as silver, copper, aluminum and the like. In this embodiment, the pressure plate 19 is made of aluminum, which not only has good conductivity, but also has low cost and good ductility, and can tightly press the liquid cooling tube 16 into the through groove 123 at the polar end.

[0282] like Fig.28 As shown, the clamping portion 191 in this embodiment is an arc-shaped plate with equal wall thickness, the fixing portion 192 is a flat plate, and the arc-shaped plate and the flat plates on both sides are an integrated structure. This structure is easy to manufacture and process, and is also easy to install. When making it specifically, the pressing plate 19 can be formed by stamping a thin plate, or it can be formed in one step by extrusion. In addition, the thickness of the pressing plate 19 is generally 0.5mm to 1mm, which can ensure the installation strength while also reliably installing the liquid cooling tube 16.

[0283] The fixing portion 192 in this embodiment is provided with a screw hole 1921 connected to the pole adapter 122, so that the pressure plate 19 is connected to the polarity terminal by screws. The screw connection method is easier to connect than other welding, riveting or bonding methods, and the structure is simpler. More preferably, the screw hole 1921 in this embodiment can be set to a long strip shape. In addition, a notch 1922 extending along the y direction can be opened in the area of ​​the fixing portion 192 corresponding to each pole adapter 122, which can compensate for the dimensional error when multiple single cells 12 are connected in parallel, thereby ensuring the reliability of the connection.

[0284] Example 6

[0285] Different from the above-mentioned embodiments, the insulating sealant layer in the large-capacity battery 1 of this embodiment includes a first sub-insulating sealant layer and a second sub-insulating sealant layer; the first sub-insulating sealant layer is an insulating sealant layer with a temperature resistance higher than the temperature of the thermal runaway flue gas, and is arranged in the gap between the polarity terminal of the single battery 12 and the avoidance hole 15; the second sub-insulating sealant layer has a lower temperature resistance than the first insulating sealant, and the second sub-insulating sealant layer is laid on the top plate 111 of the outer shell, and covers the pole adapter body 1221, the liquid cooling tube 16 and the pressing plate 19.

[0286] The large-capacity battery 1 in the above embodiment is assembled as an energy storage device. When thermal runaway occurs in an individual single cell 12 in any large-capacity battery 1, about 10 minutes later, due to the detachment of the pole 121 of the single cell 12, the thermal runaway smoke will leak from the gap between the polarity terminal of the single cell 12 and the avoidance hole 15, and diffuse into the entire energy storage device box, causing the thermal runaway to continue and spread. In severe cases, it will cause the large-capacity battery 1 or even the energy storage device to explode.

[0287] Based on the above problems, this embodiment improves the thermal runaway smoke leakage position of the large-capacity battery 1:

[0288] The gap between the polarity terminal of the single battery 12 and the avoidance hole 15 (i.e. the gap between the polarity terminal of the single battery 12 and the sealing connector 18, i.e. Figure 3 The first insulating sealant is injected into the region d shown in the figure, and after curing, a first sub-insulating sealant layer is formed, wherein the first insulating sealant is an insulating sealant with a temperature resistance higher than the temperature of the thermal runaway flue gas. Generally, its temperature resistance needs to be higher than 320°C and can exist continuously and stably. Generally, an electronic device potting glue with a temperature resistance higher than 320°C can be selected, such as an epoxy potting glue with a temperature resistance higher than 320°C.

[0289] When the polarity terminal of the single cell 12 is the pole 121 of the single cell 12, or the polarity terminal of the single cell 12 is an integral structure in which the pole 121 of the single cell 12 and the pole adapter 122 cooperate, the first sub-insulating sealant layer is located in the gap between the pole 121 of the single cell 12 and the avoidance hole 15, and the first sub-insulating sealant layer is in direct contact with the pole 121 of the single cell 12. Firstly, it can protect and fix the pole 121 of the single cell 12. Under the protection and fixation of the first sub-insulating sealant layer, thermal runaway occurs, and the pole 121 of the single cell 12 is not easy to fall off or cracks are generated between the single cell 12 upper cover, thereby preventing the thermal runaway smoke from leaking from the gap between the polarity terminal of the single cell 12 and the avoidance hole 15; secondly, the first sub-insulating sealant layer can also seal the gap between the polarity terminal of the single cell 12 and the avoidance hole 15, further improving the sealing of the avoidance hole 15 of the outer shell 11.

[0290] During long-term use, condensation will be generated on the surface due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the liquid cooling tube 16. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it will penetrate into the gap between the polarity terminal and the avoidance hole 15, causing the polarity terminal to be electrically conductive with the shell 11, which may cause a short circuit in the same single battery 12.

[0291] Since the first insulating sealant is poured into the gap between the polarity terminal and the avoidance hole 15 in this embodiment, even if condensation occurs, the condensation cannot penetrate into the gap between the pole 121 and the avoidance hole 15 due to the blocking of the first sub-insulating sealant layer, thereby preventing the battery from short-circuiting.

[0292] However, if only the first insulating sealant is poured at this position, the liquid cooling tube 16 is exposed to the external environment, and condensation will still occur on its surface, causing the large-capacity battery 1 to be damp, causing certain safety problems. Therefore, in order to completely solve this problem, this embodiment also lays a second sub-insulating sealant layer on the top plate 111 of the shell; the main body of the liquid cooling tube 16 is completely covered, so that this type of large-capacity battery 1 has higher safety.

[0293] It should be noted that the electrical connection part 1223 of the polarity terminal of each single battery 12 (in this embodiment, the transverse plate 1224 of the electrical connection part 1223) needs to extend out of the second sub-insulating sealant layer for connecting with the electrical connector; the liquid inlet and outlet ends of the liquid cooling tube 16 need to extend out of the second sub-insulating sealant layer for connecting with the liquid cooling device. The electrical connector can be a connector for connecting two large-capacity batteries 1 in series; it can also be a connector for connecting the large-capacity battery 1 with an external load.

[0294] In addition, the second sub-insulation sealant layer can also play the following two roles:

[0295] 1. Since the second sub-insulating sealant layer completely wraps the main body of the liquid cooling tube 16, it can also fix or position the liquid cooling tube 16 to a certain extent, thereby improving the stability of the liquid cooling tube 16 on the large-capacity battery 1;

[0296] 2. Since the second sub-insulating sealant layer is laid on the top plate 111 of the outer shell and covers the main body of the liquid cooling tube 16, the flatness of the top structure of such a large-capacity battery 1 can be improved.

[0297] In this embodiment, the second insulating sealant is generally a battery potting glue commonly used in batteries, such as a silicone thermal conductive potting glue, which has good sealing, insulation, vibration resistance, heat dissipation and waterproof functions.

[0298] In other embodiments, the second insulating sealant can be the same as the first insulating sealant, and a first sub-insulating sealant layer can be formed in the gap between the polarity terminal of the single battery 12 and the avoidance hole 15 and the housing top plate 111 by a one-time injection method. However, compared with this embodiment, the amount of the first insulating sealant is larger, and generally, the cost of the first insulating sealant is higher than that of the second insulating sealant, so that the cost of such a large-capacity battery 1 is higher than that of the large-capacity battery 1 in this embodiment.

[0299] Example 7

[0300] The present embodiment mainly relates to the specific structure of the insulating protective cover 17 on the top of the large-capacity battery 1. In the present embodiment, part of the structure of the insulating protective cover 17 is used as a glue injection mold. After the injection is completed, there is no need to demold, and at the same time, the bonding strength between the insulating protective cover 17 and the top of the large-capacity battery 1 can be improved. In addition, if the pole adapter 122 is directly exposed to the external environment, there will be a great safety hazard during use due to the pole adapter 122 being charged. Therefore, the insulating protective cover 17 is provided on the top of the large-capacity battery 1, and insulation protection can also be provided for the pole adapter 122, avoiding the potential safety hazards of the pole adapter 122 being exposed during the operation of the large-capacity battery 1, and also avoiding the problem of some foreign matter in the external environment falling into the position of the pole adapter 122, causing the large-capacity battery 1 to short-circuit, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery 1.

[0301] In order to facilitate the injection, Fig.29 and Fig.30 As shown, in this embodiment, the insulating protective cover 17 is designed as a split structure, and the insulating protective cover 17 includes an insulating frame 101 and an insulating cover plate 102 covering the insulating frame 101; the lower end of the insulating frame 101 is used to match the top of the large-capacity battery 1, and is fixed to the top of the large-capacity battery 1 by screw connection or bonding, and the upper end of the insulating frame 101 is buckled to install the insulating cover plate 102, and a notch is provided at the upper end of the side wall of the insulating frame 101 parallel to the xz plane, and the notch cooperates with the insulating cover plate 102 to form a slit 103. A channel for the liquid cooling pipe 16 to extend is provided on the side wall of the insulating frame 101 parallel to the yz plane.

[0302] In this embodiment, a part of the structure of the insulating frame 101 is used as a glue injection mold to prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing from the top plate 111 of the housing.

[0303] During assembly, generally, the insulating frame 101 can be fixed on the top of the large-capacity battery 1 first, and then glue is injected. Under the obstruction of the insulating frame 101, the insulating sealant will not overflow from the top plate 111 of the outer shell. After the glue layer is cured, the electrical connector is connected to the pole adapter 122, and then the insulating cover 102 is fixed to the upper end of the insulating frame 101.

[0304] like Fig.31 As shown, the insulating frame 101 of this embodiment includes a second insulating frame 104 and an insulating bottom plate 105 fixed to the second insulating frame 104 away from the insulating cover plate 102, and an electrical connection post avoidance hole 106 corresponding to each pole adapter 122 is opened on the insulating bottom plate 105. The size of the electrical connection post avoidance hole 106 should be able to allow the electrical connection post 1222 on the pole adapter 122 to pass through, and the pole adapter body 1221 cannot pass through. In addition, the first insulating sealant can be injected into the gap between the polarity terminal of the single battery 12 and the avoidance hole 15 through the electrical connection post avoidance hole 106.

[0305] For the rectangular block-shaped pole adapter 122, a partition 107 can also be set around each electrical connection column avoidance hole 106 to form each pole adapter accommodating cavity 108. After the insulating frame 101 is fixed on the top of the large-capacity battery 1, the electrical connection column 1222 of each pole adapter 122 passes through the electrical connection column avoidance hole 106 and the avoidance hole 15 on the shell top plate 111 to connect with each single battery 12 pole 121, and a fourth gap is provided between the side wall of the pole adapter accommodating cavity 108 parallel to the xz plane and the side of the pole adapter 122 parallel to the xz plane. Fig.32 In the area e shown in FIG. 1 , glue is injected into the glue injection space through the fourth gap. To further facilitate the glue injection, a corresponding glue injection groove 109 may be provided at the portion of the pole adapter 122 corresponding to the fourth gap.

[0306] It should be noted that when the housing top plate 111 is provided with a gas chamber 14, Fig.31 As shown, a second chamber 110 is provided on the insulating base plate 105 as a accommodating chamber for the gas chamber 14 , that is, the gas chamber 14 is located in the second chamber 110 .

[0307] Example 8

[0308] This embodiment mainly relates to the specific structure of the explosion relief mechanism 3 of the large-capacity battery 1 .

[0309] In order to prevent the smoke from thermal runaway of a single cell 12 in an individual large-capacity battery 1 from spreading to the entire container and causing safety problems, it is usually considered to use an explosion-proof manifold to converge the explosion-proof mechanisms 3 of all large-capacity batteries 1 in the battery pack. When a single cell 12 in any large-capacity battery 1 in the battery pack experiences thermal runaway, its thermal runaway smoke can be discharged through the explosion-proof manifold, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway spreading and the risk of explosion of the large-capacity battery 1 or even the battery pack and the energy storage container.

[0310] Based on the above analysis, a whole tube can be selected as the explosion-proof manifold, on which a plurality of branch tubes connected to the explosion-proof mechanisms 3 of each large-capacity battery 1 are arranged. During assembly, all large-capacity batteries 1 are first arranged along the length direction of the explosion-proof manifold, and then each branch tube of the explosion-proof manifold is connected to the explosion-proof mechanism 3 of the corresponding large-capacity battery 1. During connection, the coaxiality of the branch tube and the explosion-proof mechanism 3 needs to be ensured. Due to the installation error of the explosion-proof mechanism 3, the processing error of each branch tube, and the spacing deviation problem between the large-capacity batteries 1, it will be difficult for the branch tube to be coaxial with the explosion-proof mechanism 3, making it difficult to assemble the explosion-proof manifold with each large-capacity battery 1.

[0311] In order to overcome the above problems, the present embodiment designs the explosion relief mechanism 3 as a split part, and also designs the explosion relief manifold as a split part. Fig.33 and Fig.34 As shown, the explosion relief mechanism 3 in this embodiment includes a first explosion relief component 31 and a second explosion relief component 32; wherein the first explosion relief component 31 includes a first hollow pipe 311, an explosion relief membrane is provided inside the first hollow pipe 311, which is used to connect with the housing 11. In order to fix it at the first through hole 1148 of the housing 11, an annular plate is provided on the outer wall of one end of the first hollow pipe 311 in this embodiment, and the annular plate is sealed and connected to the first through hole 1148 around by friction welding; the second explosion relief component 32 is a three-way pipe, and its first interface 321 is sealed and connected to the first explosion relief component 31, and the second interface 322 and the third interface 323 are respectively used to connect with the flexible pipe section 4 constituting the explosion relief manifold (see Fig.35 The first interface 321 is a three-way vertical pipe ( Fig.34 The second interface 322 and the third interface 323 are respectively the tee-tube transverse tube ( Fig.34 The two end joints of the pipe segment parallel to the y direction.

[0312] The first interface 321 can be connected to the first explosion relief component 31 by threaded connection, welding or interference fit. In this embodiment, a flexible tee is selected, that is, a flexible nut is connected to one end of the vertical pipe of the tee as a flexible joint; an external thread is provided on the outer wall of the end where the first explosion relief component 31 is connected to the second explosion relief component 32; the flexible joint of the second explosion relief component 32 is threadedly connected to the external thread of the outer wall of the first explosion relief component 31. The flexible joint can be conveniently connected to the first explosion relief component 31 directly, and a sealing gasket is provided at the free end of the first explosion relief component 31 to ensure the sealing performance of the connection part.

[0313] During assembly, each three-way pipe is fixed on the corresponding first explosion relief component 31 to form a large-capacity battery 1 with an explosion relief mechanism 3. Then, multiple large-capacity batteries 1 are arranged in a set direction. Finally, two adjacent three-way pipes are connected by a flexible pipe section 4 to form a battery pack with an explosion relief manifold. Fig.35 and Fig.36 As shown ( Fig.36 Only the two outermost large-capacity batteries 1) are shown schematically.

[0314] Since this embodiment adopts a spliced ​​explosion-proof manifold, and the middle connecting pipe section is a flexible pipe section 4, the deformation of the flexible pipe section 4 can compensate for the installation error of the explosion-proof mechanism 3 and the spacing deviation of the large-capacity battery 1, thereby reducing the difficulty of installing the explosion-proof manifold.

[0315] It should be noted that in order to further improve safety, the explosion-proof manifold and the large-capacity battery 1 should be insulated. For example, a flexible pipe section 4 and / or a three-way pipe made of insulating and high-temperature resistant (thermal runaway flue gas temperature) material can be used. An insulating pipe section can also be added between the first explosion-proof pipe and the three-way pipe.

[0316] In this embodiment, a second hollow pipe 312 is added between the first explosion relief pipe and the three-way pipe. Fig.37 As shown. The second hollow pipe 312 is a high temperature resistant insulating pipe, at least part of which should be made of insulating material, mainly for insulation, so that the explosion venting manifold is insulated from each large capacity battery 1. Based on the second hollow pipe 312, the insulation between the explosion venting manifold and the large capacity battery 1 can be achieved at the end of the large capacity battery 1.

[0317] It should be noted that at least part of its structure should be made of insulating material, mainly including the following two structures:

[0318] 1. The entire structure of the second hollow pipe 312 is made of insulating material;

[0319] 2. The main structure of the second hollow pipe 312 can be a metal pipe, and a film layer made of insulating material is coated on the entire surface of the metal pipe.

[0320] After thermal runaway occurs, the battery temperature rises sharply, reaching over 500°C. If the selected insulating material cannot exist stably at this temperature, the following problems will occur:

[0321] a. When the entire structure of the second hollow pipe 312 is made of such insulating material, the sealing of the connection between the second hollow pipe 312, the first hollow pipe 311 and the three-way pipe cannot be guaranteed, causing the thermal runaway smoke to leak. More seriously, if the second hollow pipe 312 becomes molten due to high temperature, it will block the explosion vent or the explosion vent manifold, causing a more serious safety accident.

[0322] b. When the entire surface of the second hollow pipe 312 is coated with a film layer made of insulating material, when the film layer melts or deforms, thermal runaway smoke may leak from the connection between the second hollow pipe 312 and the first hollow pipe 311 and the tee pipe, and the insulation performance of the second hollow pipe 312 may be destroyed.

[0323] Based on the above problems, the insulating material selected in this embodiment should also have certain high temperature resistance to ensure that its performance does not change when thermal runaway occurs and can exist stably.

[0324] Commonly used high temperature resistant insulating materials are ceramic materials. In this embodiment, ceramic pipes are directly selected as the second hollow pipe 312, which is relatively simple in cost and processing. For example, ceramic materials such as cubic boron nitride, hexagonal boron nitride, aluminum oxide, and silicon carbide can be selected.

[0325] In other embodiments, a high temperature resistant insulating coating may be sprayed on the surface of the metal pipe to form the second hollow pipe 312. The high temperature resistant insulating coating may be a phosphate-based inorganic binder coating, a plasma sprayed Al2O3 coating, etc. However, the cost and processing are more complicated than this embodiment.

Claims

1. A large-capacity battery assembly, characterized in that: Including a large-capacity battery and a bracket assembly; The large-capacity battery includes a housing, a liquid cooling tube, an insulating sealant layer, an insulating protective cover, and n single cells; Wherein n is an integer greater than 1; n single cells are arranged in the housing along the same direction; The housing is provided with at least one shared chamber extending in the x-direction; The top plate of the shell is provided with avoidance holes through which the polarity terminals of each single battery can extend; the polarity terminals of each single battery extend out of the corresponding avoidance holes, and the shell area around the avoidance holes is fixedly sealed with the shell of the single battery; A through slot is provided at the position where the polarity terminal of the single battery extends out of the avoidance hole; and a liquid cooling pipe is fixed in the through slot of each polarity terminal of the single battery; The insulating sealant layer is laid on the top plate of the housing, and the electrical connection parts of the polarity terminals of each single battery and the liquid inlet and outlet ends of the liquid cooling pipe extend out of the insulating sealant layer; An insulating protective cover is arranged on the top of the housing, and polarity terminals of each single battery are located inside the insulating protective cover; The bracket assembly includes a support member and two L-shaped brackets; The supporting member is used to be placed at the bottom of the large-capacity battery to support the large-capacity battery; The L-shaped bracket includes a first bracket and a second bracket, wherein the first bracket is parallel to the yz plane, and the second bracket is parallel to the xy plane. The first brackets of the two L-shaped brackets are respectively fixed to the two ends of the supporting member, and the second brackets of the two L-shaped brackets are respectively used to fix the side beams opposite to the battery cluster supporting frame.

2. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is one shared chamber, which is an electrolyte shared chamber arranged on the bottom plate of the shell, and the inner cavity of the electrolyte shared chamber is connected with the inner cavities of all the single batteries.

3. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes another shared chamber, which is a gas chamber arranged on the top plate of the housing, covering the gas ports on the top of each monomer; The gas port is a through hole, and the inner cavity of the gas chamber is directly connected to the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of each single battery through the gas port; Alternatively, an explosion relief membrane is provided at the gas port, and when the explosion relief membrane at the gas port of any single cell is broken by the smoke in the inner cavity, the gas area in the inner cavity of the single cell is connected with the inner cavity of the gas chamber.

4. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The housing includes a cylinder assembly with two open ends and an end plate assembly covering the two open ends of the cylinder assembly; The electrolyte sharing chamber is located at the bottom of the cylinder assembly and is a liquid channel extending along the x-direction.

5. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cylinder assembly includes a cylinder and two bosses arranged on the inner bottom surface of the cylinder and extending in the x direction and arranged in the y direction with the same length as the cylinder. The top surface of the boss is the supporting surface of each single battery. In the y direction, a liquid channel is formed between the two bosses as a shared chamber for the electrolyte.

6. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end plate assembly includes a first end plate and a second end plate; A first through hole is provided on the first end plate; the first end plate is used to cooperate with the explosion relief mechanism fixed at the first through hole to seal the open end of the gas chamber, the open end of the electrolyte shared chamber and the open end of the cylinder of the large-capacity battery; The second end plate is parallel to the first end plate and there is a gap between them, which serves as a gas channel; the gas channel extends along the z direction, the gas inlet end of the gas channel is used to communicate with the gas chamber, and the gas outlet end of the gas channel is connected to the first through hole; in the z direction, the gas inlet end of the gas channel is higher than the gas outlet end of the gas channel.

7. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two first support ribs are integrally arranged between the second end plate and the first end plate, each first support rib extends along the z direction, and the two first support ribs are arranged along the y direction, and a gas channel is formed between the second end plate, the first end plate and the two first support ribs.

8. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end plate assembly also includes a third end plate which is closely attached to the inner surface of the second end plate.

9. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first end plate is also provided with a second through hole, and the second through hole is arranged facing the large-capacity battery gas chamber.

10. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first end plate includes a first sub-end plate, a second sub-end plate and a third sub-end plate; the first sub-end plate is used to seal the open end of the gas chamber of the large-capacity battery; the second sub-end plate is used to seal the open end of the electrolyte shared chamber of the large-capacity battery; the third sub-end plate is located between the first sub-end plate and the second sub-end plate and is connected to the first sub-end plate and the second sub-end plate, and is used to seal the open end of the cylinder; The first through hole is opened on at least a portion of the third sub-end plate and the second sub-end plate.

11. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that: The large-capacity battery also includes 2n sealing connectors; the outer shell area around each avoidance hole is fixedly sealed with the single battery shell by a sealing connector; the sealing connector includes a hollow component sleeved on the outside of the polarity terminal of the single battery, and the orthographic projection of the open end of the bottom of the hollow component on the upper cover of the single battery covers the weak area around the polarity terminal on the upper cover of the single battery; The bottom of the hollow component and the peripheral area of ​​the weak area are welded and sealed, and the top of the hollow component and the top plate area of ​​the shell around the avoidance hole are welded and sealed.

12. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that: The sealing connector also includes a bottom plate fixed to the open end of the bottom of the hollow component; a through hole is opened on the bottom plate; the through hole covers the weak area around the polarity terminal on the upper cover of the single cell through its positive projection on the upper cover of the single cell; the bottom plate is used for welding and sealing with the peripheral area of ​​the weak area.

13. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 12, characterized in that: The hollow member and the bottom plate are an integrated piece.

14. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 13, characterized in that: The top outer peripheral surface of the hollow component is tightly matched with the wall of the avoidance hole, and the hollow component and the avoidance hole are welded and sealed by laser welding; the welding area between the hollow component and the avoidance hole is between the top outer edge of the hollow component and the inner edge of the wall of the avoidance hole.

15. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 14, characterized in that: The polarity terminal includes a pole adapter fixed on the pole of the single battery; The pole adapter includes a block-shaped pole adapter body and an electrical connection column fixed on the pole adapter body and protruding from the pole adapter body; The pole adapter body is provided with first holes corresponding to the electrical connection posts, and each electrical connection post is connected to the pole of the single battery through each first hole.

16. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 15, characterized in that: Also included are a plurality of conductive posts; Each conductive column is fixed in the first hole in a one-to-one correspondence with the first hole, and the outer wall of the conductive column is in close contact with the inner wall of the first hole.

17. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 16, characterized in that: The first hole is a blind hole, and the blind hole extends to the electrical connection column.

18. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 17, characterized in that: The bottom of the blind hole is connected to the single battery pole by welding; a third through hole penetrating the blind hole is provided at the bottom of the blind hole, and the aperture of the third through hole is smaller than the aperture of the blind hole.

19. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 18, characterized in that: A clamping portion for installing a liquid cooling tube is provided on the main body of the pole adapter; the clamping portion is a through groove provided on the main body of the pole adapter, and the size of the through groove is adapted to the liquid cooling tube.

20. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 19, characterized in that: The pole adapter also includes an electrical connection portion arranged on the pole adapter body; The electrical connection portion is used to connect with an external electrical connection piece and prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing from a part of the injection area.

21. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 20, characterized in that: The electrical connection portion is an inverted L-shaped plate; The vertical plate of the inverted L-shaped plate is parallel to the xz plane and is fixed to the top surface of the pole adapter body to prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing from a partial injection area; the partial injection area is the top surface of the pole adapter body; The transverse plate of the inverted L-shaped plate is parallel to the xy plane and is used to connect to an external electrical connector or serve as an electrical connector.

22. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 19, characterized in that: The liquid cooling pipe comprises a first pipe, a second pipe and a connecting pipe; The first tube is fixed in the groove of the positive terminal of each single cell in the large-capacity battery; the second tube is fixed in the groove of the negative terminal of each single cell in the large-capacity battery; Both ends of the connecting tube are respectively connected to ports of the first tube and the second tube located on the same side.

23. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 22, characterized in that: The first tube and the second tube are aluminum tubes, the tube walls of the aluminum tubes are provided with an oxide layer, and an insulating sleeve is sleeved on the aluminum tubes with the oxide layer; Or, the first tube and the second tube are aluminum tubes, and insulating sleeves are sleeved on the aluminum tubes; Alternatively, the first tube and the second tube are aluminum tubes, and an oxide layer is provided on the tube wall of the aluminum tube.

24. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 23, characterized in that: The connecting pipe is a flexible insulating pipe, and the flexible insulating pipe is connected to the first pipe and the second pipe through a clamp.

25. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 23, characterized in that: The large-capacity battery also includes a pressing plate; the pressing plate includes a pressing portion and a fixing portion; The pressing portion has an arc surface, which is used to cooperate with the through groove of the pole adapter to press the liquid cooling tube into the through groove; The fixing parts are arranged on both sides of the pressing part, connected to the pole adapters of each single battery, and used to realize parallel connection of multiple single batteries, and at the same time used to fix the pressing part on the pole adapter.

26. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 25, characterized in that: The pressing part is an arc-shaped plate with equal wall thickness, the fixing part is a flat plate, and the arc-shaped plate and the flat plates on both sides are an integral structure.

27. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 25, characterized in that: The insulating sealant layer includes a first sub-insulating sealant layer and a second sub-insulating sealant layer. The first sub-insulating sealant layer is an insulating sealant layer with a temperature resistance higher than the thermal runaway flue gas temperature, and is arranged in the gap between the polarity terminal of the single cell and the avoidance hole; the second sub-insulating sealant layer has a lower temperature resistance than the first insulating sealant, and the second sub-insulating sealant layer is laid on the top plate of the outer shell and covers the pole adapter body, the liquid cooling pipe and the pressure plate.

28. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 27, characterized in that: The insulating protective cover comprises an insulating frame and an insulating cover plate; The lower end of the insulating frame is fixed to the top of the large-capacity battery to prevent the insulating sealant from overflowing the top plate of the housing; The insulating cover is buckled and installed on the upper end of the insulating frame; A notch is provided at the upper end of the side wall of the insulating frame body parallel to the xz plane, and the notch cooperates with the insulating cover plate to form a slit, through which the large-capacity battery is electrically connected to external equipment.

29. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 28, characterized in that: The insulating frame includes a second insulating frame and an insulating base plate fixed on the second insulating frame away from the insulating cover plate. Electrical connection column avoidance holes corresponding to each pole adapter are opened on the insulating base plate. The aperture of the electrical connection column avoidance hole is larger than the outer contour size of the electrical connection column on the pole adapter and smaller than the outer contour size of the pole adapter.

30. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 29, characterized in that: On the insulating bottom plate, partitions are arranged around each electrical connection column avoidance hole to form a pole adapter accommodating chamber; a fourth gap is provided between the side wall of the pole adapter accommodating chamber parallel to the xz plane and the side surface of the pole adapter parallel to the xz plane.

31. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 30, characterized in that: A second chamber is also provided on the insulating bottom plate, serving as a gas chamber accommodating chamber.

32. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 31, characterized in that: The explosion relief mechanism includes a first explosion relief component and a second explosion relief component; The first explosion relief component includes a first hollow tube connected to the outer shell, and an explosion relief membrane is arranged inside the first hollow tube; the second explosion relief component is a three-way pipe, whose first interface is sealed and connected to the first explosion relief component, and the second interface and the third interface are respectively used to connect with the flexible pipe section constituting the explosion relief manifold.

33. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 32, characterized in that: The second explosion relief component is a flexible tee pipe; An outer wall of one end of the first explosion relief component connected with the second explosion relief component is provided with an external thread; the flexible joint of the second explosion relief component is threadedly connected with the external thread of the outer wall of the first explosion relief component as a first interface.

34. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 33, characterized in that: The first explosion relief component also includes a second hollow pipe connected to the first hollow pipe; the second hollow pipe is made of an insulating material; An outer wall of one end of the first hollow pipe member connected to the second hollow pipe member is provided with an external thread; The second hollow pipe member includes a connecting pipe and a union nut connected to one end of the connecting pipe; the outer wall of the other end of the connecting pipe is provided with an external thread; The union nut of the second hollow pipe is threadedly connected to the external thread of the outer wall of the first hollow pipe; the other end of the second hollow pipe is threadedly connected to the union joint of the second explosion relief component.

35. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 34, characterized in that: The second hollow tube is a ceramic tube.

36. The large-capacity battery assembly according to any one of claims 5 to 35, characterized in that: A channel is opened in the boss along the x direction; the supporting member includes two supporting ribs, which are respectively inserted into the two channels to support the large-capacity battery.

37. The large-capacity battery assembly according to claim 36, characterized in that: The L-shaped bracket is an L-shaped plate; the first bracket of one L-shaped plate is detachably fixed to one end of two supporting ribs, and the first bracket of the other L-shaped plate is detachably fixed to the other end of the two supporting ribs.

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