Composite heat insulation pad, battery and electric device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a composite heat insulation pad, a battery and an electric device. A composite heat insulation pad comprises a heat insulation pad body and a flame-retardant composite layer, the flame-retardant composite layer is arranged in the heat insulation pad body and comprises a first packaging layer and a flame-retardant material layer, and the first packaging layer is arranged on the outer surface of the flame-retardant material layer and packages the flame-retardant material layer. The heat insulation pad body can play a role in heat insulation, when heat is conducted to the flame-retardant composite layer, the flame-retardant material layer can play a role in preventing combustion, then the risk of combustion of products such as batteries applying the heat insulation pad caused by out-of-control heat is reduced, and the first packaging layer in the flame-retardant composite layer can isolate and protect the flame-retardant material layer from being polluted and damaged. The composite heat insulation pad is applied to the battery, when the battery is in a normal working state, the heat insulation pad body mainly plays a role in heat insulation, and when the battery is abnormally heated, the flame-retardant composite layer can play a role in preventing combustion, so that the composite heat insulation pad has a role in preventing or delaying thermal runaway of the battery, and the risk of thermal runaway combustion of the battery is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a composite thermal insulation pad, a battery and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new energy technologies, batteries are increasingly used in the market. People's requirements for battery performance, such as energy density, are also getting higher and higher. However, battery cells with higher energy density have greater residual energy after thermal runaway. When a battery cell thermally runs away, its heat will continue to transfer from the battery cell to the adjacent battery cells, thereby causing heat diffusion of the entire battery and causing damage to the entire battery. Therefore, how to prevent or delay battery thermal runaway is an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a composite thermal insulation pad, battery and electrical device to prevent or delay the problem of battery thermal runaway.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a composite thermal insulation pad, comprising:

[0005] The insulation pad body; and

[0006] The flame retardant composite layer is arranged inside the thermal insulation pad body, and the flame retardant composite layer includes a first packaging layer and a flame retardant material layer. The first packaging layer is arranged on the outer surface of the flame retardant material layer and packages the flame retardant material layer.

[0007] The composite thermal insulation pad mentioned above in the present application, on the one hand, the thermal insulation pad body can play a role of heat insulation, on the other hand, the flame retardant composite layer is arranged inside the thermal insulation pad body, and when the heat is conducted to the inside of the thermal insulation pad body and reaches the flame retardant composite layer, the flame retardant material layer in the flame retardant composite layer can play a role of preventing combustion, thereby reducing the risk of combustion of products such as batteries using it due to thermal runaway, and the first packaging layer in the flame retardant composite layer can isolate and protect the flame retardant material layer from contamination and damage. The composite thermal insulation pad is applied to batteries. When the battery is in normal working condition, the thermal insulation pad body mainly plays a role of heat insulation. When the battery heats up abnormally, the flame retardant composite layer can play a role of preventing combustion, thereby having the effect of preventing or delaying thermal runaway of the battery, reducing the risk of thermal runaway combustion of the battery.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, the flame retardant material layer includes a non-combustible gas generating material layer. When heat is conducted to the interior of the thermal insulation pad body and reaches the flame retardant composite layer, the non-combustible gas generating material layer in the flame retardant material layer is heated to generate non-combustible gas, which breaks through the first packaging layer and escapes, thereby preventing combustion and reducing the risk of combustion of products such as batteries using the flame retardant material layer due to thermal runaway.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the non-combustible gas that can be generated by the non-combustible gas generating material layer includes at least one of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, helium and argon.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the composite thermal insulation pad meets at least one of the following conditions:

[0011] (1) The first packaging layer is an aluminum-plastic film or a polymer packaging film;

[0012] (2) The thickness of the first packaging layer is 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm;

[0013] (3) The thermal insulation pad body is a ceramic thermal insulation pad body;

[0014] (4) The thickness of the flame retardant composite layer is 1.0 mm to 8.0 mm.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, the composite thermal insulation pad further includes a second packaging layer, which is disposed on the outer surface of the thermal insulation pad body and packages the thermal insulation pad body and the flame retardant composite layer. In this way, the thermal insulation pad body and the flame retardant composite layer are protected by the second packaging layer to avoid contamination from external pollution sources.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the second encapsulation layer includes at least one of an insulating film and a thermal insulation film.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, the composite thermal insulation pad further includes a phase change material layer, which is disposed within the thermal insulation pad body and is stacked with the flame retardant composite layer. The phase change material layer can absorb heat and undergo phase change, thereby cooling the overall temperature of the composite thermal insulation pad and delaying further diffusion of heat.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, the composite thermal insulation pad further includes a third encapsulation layer, which is disposed on the outer surface of the phase change material layer and encapsulates the phase change material layer. Encapsulating the phase change material layer through the third encapsulation layer is conducive to isolating the material in the phase change material layer from the thermal insulation pad body on the outside, and can prevent the phase change material from entering the interior of the thermal insulation pad body and affecting its thermal insulation performance before the third encapsulation layer fails.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present application, the phase change material layer includes a thermal insulation substrate and a phase change material filled in pores of the thermal insulation substrate.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, the phase change material layer is provided on at least one of two sides of the outer peripheral side of the flame retardant composite layer in the thickness direction.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present application, the thermal insulation pad body includes a first thermal insulation layer and a second thermal insulation layer, and the flame retardant composite layer is disposed between the first thermal insulation layer and the second thermal insulation layer. Thus, a sandwich structure is formed, so that the composite thermal insulation pad can obtain good thermal insulation and flame retardant properties, and the preparation process is simple.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present application, the composite thermal insulation pad meets at least one of the following conditions:

[0023] (1) The thickness of the first thermal insulation layer and the second thermal insulation layer are independently 0.5 mm to 8 mm;

[0024] (2) The first heat-insulating layer and the second heat-insulating layer are each independently a ceramic material layer.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present application, the composite thermal insulation pad further includes a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer, wherein the first adhesive layer is disposed between the first thermal insulation layer and the flame retardant composite layer, and the second adhesive layer is disposed between the second thermal insulation layer and the flame retardant composite layer. In this way, the first thermal insulation layer, the flame retardant composite layer and the second thermal insulation layer are bonded and fixed by the adhesive layer.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present application, the edges of the first thermal insulation layer and the second thermal insulation layer cooperate with each other to form an assembly cavity, and the flame retardant composite layer is located in the assembly cavity. Through this structural setting, the flame retardant composite layer is completely arranged inside the first thermal insulation layer and the second thermal insulation layer, reducing the risk of the flame retardant composite layer falling off.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present application, the composite thermal insulation pad further includes a first packaging frame and a second packaging frame, and the first packaging frame cooperates with the second packaging frame to fix the thermal insulation pad body provided with the flame-retardant composite layer.

[0028] In a second aspect, the present application provides a battery comprising the composite thermal insulation pad provided in the first aspect of the present application.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery includes a plurality of battery cells, and the composite thermal insulation pad is disposed between at least two adjacent battery cells.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, the composite thermal insulation pad is disposed between the large surfaces of the two adjacent battery cells.

[0031] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electrical device, comprising the battery provided in the second aspect of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a composite thermal insulation pad according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a composite thermal insulation pad according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a composite thermal insulation pad according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a composite thermal insulation pad according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a composite thermal insulation pad according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a composite thermal insulation pad according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell in a battery according to an embodiment;

[0041] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of an electrical device using a battery as a power source according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Description of reference numerals:

[0043] 10. Composite thermal insulation pad; 11. Thermal insulation pad body; 111. First thermal insulation layer; 112. Second thermal insulation layer; 12. Flame retardant composite layer; 121. First packaging layer; 122. Flame retardant material layer; 131. Second packaging layer; 132. Phase change material layer; 133. Third packaging layer; 141. First packaging frame; 142. Second packaging frame; 151. First bonding layer; 152. Second bonding layer;

[0044] 20. Battery cell; 21. Housing; 22. Electrode assembly; 23. Cover plate;

[0045] 30. Battery;

[0046] 40. Electrical equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0048] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0049] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0050] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if there is a description that a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, etc., or similar descriptions appear, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0051] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0052] "Scope" disclosed in the present application is limited in the form of lower limit and upper limit, and a given range is limited by selecting a lower limit and an upper limit, and the selected lower limit and upper limit define the boundary of a special range. The scope limited in this way can be including end values ​​or not including end values, and can be arbitrarily combined, that is, any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form a scope. For example, if the scope of 60-120 and 80-110 is listed for a specific parameter, it is understood that the scope of 60-110 and 80-120 is also expected. In addition, if the minimum range values ​​1 and 2 are listed, and if the maximum range values ​​3, 4 and 5 are listed, the following scope can be all expected: 1-3, 1-4, 1-5, 2-3, 2-4 and 2-5. In the present application, unless otherwise specified, the numerical range "ab" represents the abbreviation of any real number combination between a and b, wherein a and b are real numbers. For example, the numerical range "0-5" means that all real numbers between "0-5" are listed in this document, and "0-5" is just an abbreviation of these numerical combinations. In addition, when a parameter is expressed as an integer ≥ 2, it is equivalent to disclosing that the parameter is, for example, an integer of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, etc.

[0053] At present, judging from the development of the market situation, the application of batteries is becoming more and more extensive. Batteries, especially power batteries, are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but are also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars and other fields. With the continuous expansion of the application field of power batteries, the market demand is also constantly expanding.

[0054] A battery cell is the smallest unit that makes up a battery. A battery may include one or more battery cells, and multiple battery cells may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection. Among them, a hybrid connection means that multiple battery cells are connected in both series and in parallel.

[0055] After multiple battery cells are connected to each other and arranged in a certain order, they can be directly placed in a box to assemble into a battery. Alternatively, multiple battery cells can be first assembled into a battery module, and then multiple battery modules are connected to each other to form a whole, and finally the whole battery module is placed in a box to form a battery.

[0056] In order to solve the above-mentioned battery thermal runaway problem and reduce the battery combustion and the degree and risk of damage to the entire battery, the present application provides a composite thermal insulation pad, a battery and an electrical device.

[0057] See also Figure 1 One embodiment of the present application provides a composite thermal insulation pad 10 , including a thermal insulation pad body 11 and a flame retardant composite layer 12 .

[0058] The flame retardant composite layer 12 is disposed inside the thermal insulation pad body 11. The flame retardant composite layer 12 includes a first encapsulation layer 121 and a flame retardant material layer 122. The first encapsulation layer 121 is disposed on the outer surface of the flame retardant material layer 122 and encapsulates the flame retardant material layer 122. In other words, the first encapsulation layer 121 forms an encapsulation cavity, and the flame retardant material layer 122 is located inside the encapsulation cavity. The first encapsulation layer 121 and the flame retardant material layer 122 are disposed inside the thermal insulation pad body 11 as a whole.

[0059] The composite thermal insulation pad 10 mentioned above in the present application, on the one hand, the thermal insulation pad body 11 can play a role of heat insulation, and on the other hand, the flame retardant composite layer 12 is arranged inside the thermal insulation pad body 11. When the heat is conducted to the inside of the thermal insulation pad body 11 and reaches the flame retardant composite layer 12, the flame retardant material layer 122 in the flame retardant composite layer 12 can play a role of preventing combustion, thereby reducing the risk of combustion of products such as batteries using it due to thermal runaway. The first packaging layer 121 in the flame retardant composite layer 12 can isolate and protect the flame retardant material layer 122 from contamination and damage. The composite thermal insulation pad 10 is applied to batteries. When the battery is in normal working condition, the thermal insulation pad body 11 mainly plays a role of heat insulation. When the battery heats up abnormally, the flame retardant composite layer 12 can play a role of preventing combustion, thereby having the effect of preventing or delaying thermal runaway of the battery, reducing the risk of thermal runaway combustion of the battery.

[0060] It is understandable that the flame retardant material layer 122 may be, but is not limited to, a film layer formed by laminating flame retardant material powder or by adding an adhesive layer.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present application, the flame retardant material layer 122 includes a non-combustible gas generating material layer. When heat is transferred to the flame retardant composite layer 12 of the composite thermal insulation pad 10, the non-combustible gas generating material layer in the flame retardant material layer 122 is heated to generate non-combustible gas, which breaks through the first packaging layer 121 and escapes, thereby preventing combustion, thereby reducing the risk of combustion of products such as batteries using the flame retardant material layer 122 due to thermal runaway.

[0062] In some examples, the flame retardant material layer 122 may also include other materials, such as a binder; and may also include other flame retardant materials. In some embodiments, the flame retardant material only includes non-combustible gas generating materials, that is, is composed of non-combustible gas generating materials.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present application, the non-combustible gas generating material undergoes a physical or chemical reaction to generate non-combustible gas. The non-combustible gas generating material in the flame retardant material layer 122 undergoes a physical or chemical reaction to generate non-combustible gas, thereby inhibiting flame combustion.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present application, the non-combustible gas that can be generated by the non-combustible gas generating material layer includes at least one of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, helium and argon.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present application, the non-combustible gas generating material includes sodium azide. Sodium azide reacts rapidly at high temperatures to generate a large amount of nitrogen, which inhibits flame combustion.

[0066] Furthermore, the flame retardant composite layer 12 includes sodium azide powder and a first encapsulation layer 121 for encapsulating the sodium azide powder to form the sodium azide flame retardant composite layer 12. The sodium azide flame retardant composite layer 12 is arranged inside the composite thermal insulation pad 10. Sodium azide reacts rapidly at high temperature to generate a large amount of nitrogen to inhibit flame combustion.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present application, the non-combustible gas generating material further includes an oxidant and a slag-forming agent. The oxidant is used to oxidize the sodium element produced by the decomposition of sodium azide to form sodium oxide, and the slag-forming agent is used to further combine the sodium oxide to form a corresponding compound salt.

[0068] Furthermore, in the non-combustible gas generating material, the ratio of the amount of sodium azide, the oxidant and the slag-forming agent includes but is not limited to the following ratio range: (8-10): (2-3): (6-7). As an example, the ratio of the amount of the substance can be 10:2:6, 10:3:6, 10:2:7, 8:2:6, 9:2:6, or can be within the range formed by any two point values ​​as end values, and the following is similar.

[0069] Further, the oxidant includes but is not limited to one or more of the following: iron oxide, ferroferric oxide,

[0070] Magnesium oxide, manganese monoxide, manganese dioxide, manganese trioxide, manganese tetraoxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, molybdenum oxide, bismuth oxide, zirconium oxide, chromium oxide, potassium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, ammonium perchlorate, potassium nitrate, strontium nitrate, aluminum fluoride, lithium fluoride. In a specific example, the oxide is potassium nitrate.

[0071] Furthermore, the slag forming agent includes but is not limited to one or more of the following: elemental silicon or silicon compounds;

[0072] boron or its compounds, aluminum or its compounds, titanium or its compounds.

[0073] Silicon compounds include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, sodium silicate, potassium silicate, aluminosilicate, borosilicate, clay, glass beads, water glass, kaolin, talc, clay, zeolite, mica powder, acid clay, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, hydrotalcite, silicone-modified polyurethane, silicone-modified phenolic resin, silicone-modified cellulose, and silicone-modified rubber.

[0074] Boron compounds include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: boron trioxide, boron nitride, borax, boron trifluoride, sodium borate, sodium metaborate, sodium perborate, boron carbide, organoborane, organoboron heterocyclic compounds, boron-modified polyurethane, organoboron-modified phenolic resin, organoboron-modified cellulose, and organoboron-modified rubber.

[0075] Aluminum compounds include, but are not limited to, aluminum oxide.

[0076] The titanium compound includes, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: titanium oxide, titanium chloride.

[0077] In a specific example, the slag forming agent is silicon dioxide.

[0078] In a specific example, the non-combustible gas generating material includes sodium azide, potassium nitrate as an oxidant, and silicon dioxide as a slag forming agent. In a specific example, the non-combustible gas generating material is at a temperature exceeding 300°C, sodium azide decomposes to generate a large amount of nitrogen, which inhibits flame combustion, while potassium nitrate and silicon dioxide participate in the reaction, and the reaction mechanism equation is as follows:

[0079] 2NaN3=2Na+3N2

[0080] 10Na+2KNO3+6SiO2=5Na2SiO3+K2SiO3+N2.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present application, the first packaging layer 121 is an aluminum-plastic film or a polymer packaging film, preferably an aluminum-plastic film.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the first encapsulation layer 121 is 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm, for example, 0.1 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, and can be optionally 0.1 mm to 0.15 mm, or 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm.

[0083] In some embodiments of the present application, the thermal insulation pad body 11 is a ceramic thermal insulation pad body. In other words, the material of the thermal insulation pad body 11 is a ceramic material. In the present application, "ceramic material" includes but is not limited to at least one of ceramic oxides, ceramic nitrides, and ceramic carbides. Among them, ceramic oxides include but are not limited to at least one of silicon oxide and aluminum oxide, ceramic nitrides include but are not limited to silicon nitride, and ceramic carbides include but are not limited to silicon carbide.

[0084] In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the flame retardant composite layer 12 is 1.0 mm to 8.0 mm. As an example, the thickness can be 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, or 8 mm.

[0085] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present application, the composite thermal insulation pad 10 further includes a second encapsulation layer 131, which is disposed on the outer surface of the thermal insulation pad body 11 and encapsulates the thermal insulation pad body 11 and the flame retardant composite layer 12. In this way, the thermal insulation pad body 11 and the flame retardant composite layer 12 are protected by the second encapsulation layer 131 to avoid contamination from external pollution sources.

[0086] In some embodiments of the present application, the second encapsulation layer 131 includes at least one of an insulating film and a heat insulating film. Further, the insulating film and the heat insulating film are polymer encapsulation films, such as PET film (polyethylene terephthalate film) or PI film (polyimide film).

[0087] In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the second encapsulation layer 131 is 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm, for example, 0.1 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, and can be optionally 0.1 mm to 0.15 mm, or 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm.

[0088] Please continue reading Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present application, the thermal insulation pad body 11 includes a first thermal insulation layer 111 and a second thermal insulation layer 112, and the flame retardant composite layer 12 is disposed between the first thermal insulation layer 111 and the second thermal insulation layer 112. In this way, the first thermal insulation layer 111 and the second thermal insulation layer 112 sandwich the flame retardant composite layer 12, so that the flame retardant composite layer 12 is located between the first thermal insulation layer 111 and the second thermal insulation layer 112. The sandwich structure is formed in this way, so that the composite thermal insulation pad 10 can obtain good thermal insulation and flame retardant properties, and the preparation process is simple.

[0089] In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the first heat insulation layer 111 and the second heat insulation layer 112 are independently 0.5 mm to 8 mm. As an example, they can be 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm; optionally, 1 mm to 8 mm.

[0090] In some embodiments of the present application, the first heat-insulating layer 111 and the second heat-insulating layer 112 are each independently a ceramic material layer. Further, the ceramic material in the ceramic material layer is selected as described above.

[0091] See also Figure 3 In some embodiments of the present application, the composite thermal insulation pad 10 further includes a phase change material layer 132, which is disposed within the thermal insulation pad body 11 and is stacked with the flame retardant composite layer 12. The phase change material layer 132 can absorb heat and undergo phase change, thereby cooling the composite thermal insulation pad 10 as a whole and delaying further diffusion of heat.

[0092] Furthermore, the phase change material layer 132 and the flame retardant composite layer 12 are disposed adjacent to each other. Specifically, the phase change material layer 132 is disposed on at least one of the two sides of the outer peripheral side of the flame retardant composite layer 12 in the thickness direction.

[0093] Furthermore, the above-mentioned phase change material layer 132 is provided between the first insulation layer 111 and the flame retardant composite layer 12 and / or between the second insulation layer 112 and the flame retardant composite layer 12. In this way, when one side of the composite thermal insulation pad 10 is in contact with or close to the heat source, the first insulation layer 111 or the second insulation layer 112 of the thermal insulation pad body 11 first acts as a heat insulator, and when the heat is transferred to the phase change material layer 132 on this side, the phase change material layer 132 absorbs heat and undergoes a phase change, which cools down the overall temperature of the composite thermal insulation pad 10 and also delays its further diffusion. When the heat is transferred to the flame retardant composite layer 12 in the thermal insulation pad body 11, the flame retardant composite layer 12 can inhibit combustion.

[0094] Furthermore, the thickness of the phase change material layer 132 is 0.1 mm to 6 mm, and can be 1 mm to 4 mm. As an example, it can be 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, 2.5 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm. It can also be 1.5 mm to 3.5 mm.

[0095] Please continue reading Figure 3Furthermore, the composite thermal insulation pad 10 also includes a third encapsulation layer 133, which is arranged on the outer surface of the phase change material layer 132 and encapsulates the phase change material layer 132. In this way, encapsulating the phase change material layer 132 through the third encapsulation layer 133 is conducive to isolating the material in the phase change material layer 132 from the thermal insulation pad body 11 on the outside, and can prevent the phase change material from entering the thermal insulation pad body 11 and affecting its thermal insulation performance before the third encapsulation layer 133 fails. The phase change material of the phase change material layer 132 will undergo a phase change. For example, a solid phase change material at room temperature will turn into a liquid state after absorbing heat. Therefore, the third encapsulation layer 133 can also play a role in isolating the phase change material that is in a liquid state after the phase change from the thermal insulation pad body 11. In addition, some preparation processes inevitably cause the phase change material to carry moisture. Using the third encapsulation layer 133 to encapsulate the phase change material layer 132 can prevent moisture overflow from causing adverse effects on the battery.

[0096] In some embodiments of the present application, the third encapsulation layer 133 is an aluminum-plastic film or a polymer encapsulation film, preferably an aluminum-plastic film.

[0097] In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the third encapsulation layer 133 is 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm, for example, 0.1 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, and can be optionally 0.1 mm to 0.15 mm, or 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm.

[0098] See also Figure 4 In some embodiments of the present application, the composite thermal insulation pad 10 further includes a first adhesive layer 151 and a second adhesive layer 152. The first adhesive layer 151 is disposed between the first thermal insulation layer 111 and the flame retardant composite layer 12, and the second adhesive layer 152 is disposed between the second thermal insulation layer 112 and the flame retardant composite layer 12. In this way, the first thermal insulation layer 111, the flame retardant composite layer 12 and the second thermal insulation layer 112 are bonded and fixed by the adhesive layer.

[0099] It is understandable that the phase change material layer 132 and the adjacent layers may also be connected by an adhesive layer. For example, the composite thermal insulation pad 10 further includes a phase change material layer 132, and the phase change material layer 132 and one or more of the first thermal insulation layer 111 and the flame retardant composite layer 12 may also be connected by an adhesive layer; the phase change material layer 132 and one or more of the second thermal insulation layer 112 and the flame retardant composite layer 12 may also be connected by an adhesive layer.

[0100] It is understandable that in addition to the bonding method using the adhesive layer, other methods may also be used alone or in combination to achieve fixation.

[0101] The material of each of the above-mentioned adhesive layers is independently a silicone adhesive layer, and the thickness is independently 0.04-0.06 mm. The silicone adhesive layer is resistant to high temperature and has high structural strength.

[0102] In some embodiments, the composite thermal insulation pad 10 may further include a third thermal insulation layer (not shown), the third thermal insulation layer and the second thermal insulation layer 112 are stacked, and a flame retardant composite layer 12 is also provided between the second thermal insulation layer 112 and the third thermal insulation layer. Furthermore, the composite thermal insulation pad 10 may further include more thermal insulation layers, and the above-mentioned flame retardant composite layer 12 may also be provided between the third thermal insulation layer and the adjacent thermal insulation layer.

[0103] Furthermore, the selection range of materials and thicknesses of the third thermal insulation layer and other thermal insulation layers may be the same as that of the first thermal insulation layer 111 and the second thermal insulation layer 112; the specific materials and specific thicknesses may be the same or different.

[0104] In some examples, each of the above-mentioned packaging layers can be formed by packaging two packaging films, for example, by packaging by pressing or wrapping two packaging films, so that a packaging margin is provided at the edge of each packaging layer. Further, the packaging margin is pressed between two adjacent film layers.

[0105] See also Figure 5 In some embodiments of the present application, the edges of the first thermal insulation layer 111 and the second thermal insulation layer 112 cooperate with each other to form an assembly cavity, and the flame retardant composite layer 12 is located in the assembly cavity. With this structural setting, the flame retardant composite layer 12 is completely arranged inside the first thermal insulation layer 111 and the second thermal insulation layer 112, reducing the risk of the flame retardant composite layer 12 falling off. Furthermore, when a phase change material layer 132 is provided, the phase change material layer 132 can also be located in the assembly cavity.

[0106] Further, the edge of at least one side surface of at least one of the first thermal insulation layer 111 and the second thermal insulation layer 112 forms a convex portion, and the convex portion encloses at least part of the assembly cavity. As an example, the edge of at least one side surface of the first thermal insulation layer 111 and the second thermal insulation layer 112 forms a convex portion, and the convex portions of the two are arranged relative to each other and enclose to form an assembly cavity. In a specific example, the edges of the four sides of the surface of one side of the first thermal insulation layer 111 and the second thermal insulation layer 112 form a convex portion, and the convex portions of the first thermal insulation layer 111 and the second thermal insulation layer 112 are arranged relative to each other and enclose to form an assembly cavity.

[0107] See also Figure 6 In some embodiments of the present application, the composite thermal insulation pad 10 further includes a first packaging frame 141 and a second packaging frame 142 , and the first packaging frame 141 and the second packaging frame 142 cooperate to fix the thermal insulation pad body 11 provided with the flame-retardant composite layer 12 .

[0108] Further, the first packaging frame 141 and the second packaging frame 142 are each independently a rubber frame or a silicone frame, which has good flexibility and can absorb the expansion force caused by the expansion of the battery. In other words, the material of the first packaging frame 141 and the second packaging frame 142 is each independently rubber or silicone. Further, the first packaging frame 141 and the second packaging frame 142 are each independently a mouth-shaped frame, such as a mouth-shaped silicone frame.

[0109] Furthermore, the first packaging frame 141 has a first limiting groove (not shown), and the second packaging frame 142 has a second limiting groove (not shown), and the thermal insulation pad body 11 with the flame retardant composite layer 12 inside is limited in the limiting space formed by the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove. The first limiting groove and the second limiting groove can limit the thermal insulation pad body 11 with the flame retardant composite layer 12 inside in the thickness direction and radial direction of the composite thermal insulation pad 10, thereby improving the structural stability of the composite thermal insulation pad 10.

[0110] The radial direction of the composite thermal insulation pad 10 refers to the direction from the center of the composite thermal insulation pad 10 to the edge of the composite thermal insulation pad 10. Furthermore, the package margin of the third package layer 133 can be located between the first package frame 141 and the second package frame 142, and is pressed by the side walls of the first package frame 141 and the second package frame 142, and plays a fixing role at the same time. Alternatively, the package margin of the third package layer 133 can also be folded and located in the assembly cavity.

[0111] In other embodiments, the outer surface of the first thermal insulation layer 111 is flush with the outer surface of the first packaging frame 141, and / or the outer surface of the second thermal insulation layer 112 is flush with the outer surface of the second packaging frame 142. In this way, the thickness of the composite thermal insulation pad 10 can be minimized, the space it occupies can be reduced, and better thermal insulation performance can be provided.

[0112] In some embodiments, the composite thermal insulation pad 10 further includes a release adhesive layer (not shown). The release adhesive layer includes a release film and an adhesive layer disposed on the release film, the adhesive layer being disposed on the outer surface of the thermal insulation pad body 11, such as the outer surface of the first thermal insulation layer 111 and / or the second thermal insulation layer 112, and the release film being disposed on the outer surface of the adhesive layer. In this way, when the composite thermal insulation pad 10 needs to be fixed at a target position, such as a target battery cell, the release film on the surface of the release adhesive layer on the composite thermal insulation pad 10 is removed, and it is simply and conveniently fixed to the target position by bonding with the third adhesive layer, which can play the role of fixing the composite thermal insulation pad 10.

[0113] As an example, the above-mentioned release adhesive layer is provided on the outer surfaces of the first insulation layer 111 and the second insulation layer 112 of the composite insulation pad 10. When in use, the composite insulation pad 10 can be bonded and fixed to two objects respectively through the release adhesive layers on both sides, for example, bonded and fixed to two adjacent battery cells respectively, so that the composite insulation pad 10 is arranged between the two adjacent battery cells.

[0114] As an example, on the basis of the first adhesive layer 151 and the second adhesive layer 152 mentioned above, the first packaging frame 141 and the second packaging frame 142 mentioned above can be further used to fix the four sides of the thermal insulation pad body 11, thereby improving the structural stability of the composite thermal insulation pad 10.

[0115] It can be understood that in some embodiments, the first thermal insulation layer 111, the flame retardant composite layer 12, the second thermal insulation layer 112, and the third thermal insulation layer can be connected by the above-mentioned adhesive layer instead of the above-mentioned packaging frame, or by the above-mentioned packaging frame instead of the above-mentioned adhesive layer, or by both the above-mentioned adhesive layer and the packaging frame, or by none of them, for example, the first thermal insulation layer 111 can be directly formed on the surface of the flame retardant composite layer 12 in the form of a coating.

[0116] Furthermore, the first thermal insulation layer 111, the second thermal insulation layer 112 and the third thermal insulation layer each independently include at least one of thermal insulation felt and thermal insulation coating.

[0117] Furthermore, when any of the above-mentioned thermal insulation layers includes both of the thermal insulation felt and the thermal insulation coating, the thermal insulation coating may be optionally disposed on a side closer to the flame retardant composite layer 12, specifically, the thermal insulation coating is disposed on the surface of the first encapsulation layer 121 of the flame retardant composite layer 12, and the thermal insulation felt is disposed on a side further away from the flame retardant composite layer 12. In other words, the thermal insulation coating is directly formed on the surface of the first encapsulation layer 121, and the thermal insulation coating is located between the first encapsulation layer 121 and the thermal insulation felt.

[0118] For example, Figure 1 to Figure 6 In the example of , the first insulation layer 111 and the second insulation layer 112 may be insulation felt, and the third insulation layer may also be insulation felt. Figure 6 In the example shown, the first thermal insulation layer 111 and the second thermal insulation layer 112 are thermal insulation felts, and the assembly cavity thereon can be integrally formed when the thermal insulation felt is formed, or can be formed by grooving after the thermal insulation felt is formed.

[0119] exist Figure 1~Figure 4In the example, the first thermal insulation layer 111 and the second thermal insulation layer 112 can also be thermal insulation coatings. In contrast, the thickness of the thermal insulation coating is thinner, the overall thickness of the composite thermal insulation pad 10 is thinner, and the required space is relatively smaller. The thermal insulation layer of the composite thermal insulation pad 10 can optionally adopt a thermal insulation coating, or a composite of the thermal insulation coating and ceramic felt, which can take into account both a smaller occupied space and better thermal insulation performance.

[0120] It is understood that the thermal insulation felt can be connected to the flame retardant composite layer 12 through the above-mentioned adhesive layer or packaging frame. It is understood that the thermal insulation coating can be directly formed on the first packaging layer 121 in the flame retardant composite layer 12. As an example, the thermal insulation coating can be prepared by coating the first packaging layer 121 of the flame retardant composite layer 12 with a slurry and then drying it to form a coating.

[0121] Furthermore, the thermal insulation felt may be a ceramic thermal insulation felt; further, the thermal insulation coating may be a ceramic thermal insulation coating. It is understood that both the ceramic thermal insulation felt and the ceramic thermal insulation coating are ceramic material layers. In some examples, the ceramic material layer may be a stack of one or more of a silicon oxide layer, an aluminum oxide layer, a silicon nitride layer, and a silicon carbide layer.

[0122] Furthermore, the ceramic insulation felt may be a silica aerogel ceramic felt. As an example, the silica aerogel ceramic felt may be prepared by inorganic fiber reinforcement technology to prepare aerogel materials, through impregnation sol, gel, solvent replacement and supercritical drying processes.

[0123] In some embodiments, the first thermal insulation layer 111, the second thermal insulation layer 112 and other thermal insulation layers independently meet the following conditions: thermal conductivity at 25°C ≤ 0.020 W / m·K, thermal conductivity at 200°C ≤ 0.027 W / m·K, thermal conductivity at 300°C ≤ 0.035 W / m·K, and thermal conductivity at 500°C ≤ 0.080 W / m·K. The test steps of thermal conductivity are as follows: cut the sample into a size of 300mm*300mm, stack it to a thickness that meets the minimum thickness requirement of 6mm for the test; put the sample into a thermal conductivity meter, set different temperatures, and measure the thermal conductivity of the sample at different temperatures.

[0124] In some embodiments, the density of the first thermal insulation layer 111, the second thermal insulation layer 112 and the other thermal insulation layers are independently 0.2-0.22 g / cm 3 .

[0125] In some embodiments of the present application, the material of the phase change material layer 132 may be a pure phase change material.

[0126] In some embodiments of the present application, the phase change material layer 132 includes a heat insulation substrate in addition to the phase change material. Specifically, the phase change material layer 132 includes a heat insulation substrate and the phase change material, and the phase change material is filled in the pores in the heat insulation substrate.

[0127] Furthermore, the phase change material layer 132 may adopt a solid, liquid or semi-solid phase change material. Optionally, the material of the phase change material layer 132 includes but is not limited to crystalline hydrated salt, phase change molten salt, paraffin, silicone oil, silica sol, aluminum sol, silica aluminum sol, fatty acid, alcohols and other substances that can undergo phase change and absorb heat, and its application range is wider, so it can provide better thermal insulation performance. Further, the crystalline hydrated salt includes but is not limited to at least one of the crystalline hydrated salts of sodium carbonate and calcium chloride, such as at least one of sodium carbonate decahydrate (Na2CO3·10H2O) and calcium chloride hexahydrate (CaCl2·6H2O). Aluminum sol includes aluminum hydroxide sol.

[0128] The thermal insulation substrate may be a ceramic material substrate, such as ceramic fiber felt.

[0129] Furthermore, in some examples, at least part of the phase change material is directly filled in the pores of the thermal insulation substrate. In other examples, the phase change material can also be filled in the pores of the thermal insulation substrate in the form of phase change microcapsules. It is understood that in the same thermal insulation substrate, two states of phase change materials can also be included at the same time, one is that the phase change material is directly filled in the pores of the thermal insulation substrate, and the other is that the phase change material is filled in the pores of the thermal insulation substrate in the form of phase change microcapsules.

[0130] It can be understood that the phase change material layer 132 can be obtained by soaking the porous thermal insulation substrate such as ceramic fiber felt in the liquid phase change material, for example, soaking in the molten phase change material and then cooling it or soaking in the phase change material solution and then drying or heat preservation. In addition to absorbing heat, the phase change material layer 132 can also play a role in heat insulation. When the phase change material vaporizes and breaks the third packaging layer 133, that is, the composite thermal insulation pad 10 fails, the thermal insulation substrate in the phase change material layer 132 can continue to play a role in heat insulation. In other words, the phase change material is directly filled in the pores of the thermal insulation substrate.

[0131] In other embodiments, at least part of the phase change material is filled in the pores of the thermal insulation substrate in the form of phase change microcapsules. In other words, the pores of the thermal insulation substrate of the phase change material layer 132 can be filled with phase change microcapsules. The phase change microcapsules include a core material and a wall material, the wall material is wrapped around the outer surface of the core material, and the core material includes the phase change material. It can be understood that in some examples, the pores of the thermal insulation substrate can also be directly filled with the phase change material and the above-mentioned phase change microcapsules at the same time.

[0132] The above-mentioned phase change material layer 132 can be obtained by dispersing phase change microcapsules in a solvent to obtain a phase change microcapsule dispersion, then immersing a thermal insulation substrate in the phase change microcapsule dispersion to fill the phase change microcapsules in the pores of the thermal insulation substrate, and removing the solvent in the phase change microcapsule dispersion.

[0133] In this way, the phase change microcapsules in the phase change material layer 132 absorb heat. When the battery cell thermally runs away, the phase change material in the adjacent composite insulation pad 10 vaporizes and breaks the third packaging layer 133, that is, the composite insulation pad 10 fails. At this time, the insulation substrate in the phase change material layer 132 can continue to play an insulation role.

[0134] Further, the wall material includes a polymer matrix and ceramic particles filled in the polymer matrix. Further, the mass ratio of the polymer matrix to the ceramic particles is 3:(7-11), and as an example, the mass ratio of the polymer matrix to the ceramic particles can be 3:7, 3:8, 3:9, 3:10, 3:11. By controlling the mass content of the ceramic particles in the wall material to be larger, the pressure resistance and heat insulation capacity of the wall material can be improved.

[0135] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the polymer matrix to the core material is 1:(1.3-1.6). As an example, the mass ratio of the polymer matrix to the core material can be 1:1.3, 1:1.4, 1:1.5, 1:1.6. This can further improve the pressure resistance of the phase change microcapsule.

[0136] Furthermore, the polymer matrix includes but is not limited to any one of phenolic resin, polyacrylonitrile resin, melamine formaldehyde resin, etc. The polymer matrix not only has good insulation, but also has good compatibility with phase change materials such as paraffin wax, can form a stable interface with the phase change material, and improve the thermal stability of the phase change microcapsules.

[0137] Furthermore, the Dv50 particle size of the phase change microcapsule is 5 to 8 μm. The Dv50 particle size is the volume average particle size Dv50, which indicates the particle size corresponding to when the cumulative volume distribution percentage of the particles reaches 50%, and can be tested by methods known in the art. For example, it can be measured using a laser particle size analyzer (such as Malvern Master Size 3000).

[0138] Furthermore, the thermal conductivity of the wall material at 25° C. is ≥ 0.32 W / m·K. Such a wall material has a good thermal conductivity and can better conduct heat to the phase change material inside it.

[0139] Furthermore, the melting point of the wall material is greater than 98° C. The wall material has a relatively high melting point, and can maintain the structural stability of the microcapsule within the phase change temperature range of the phase change material.

[0140] The material selection of the above-mentioned thermal insulation substrate and ceramic particles in this application is the same as the selection range of the above-mentioned ceramic material layer. In some examples, the above-mentioned thermal insulation substrate is a ceramic fiber mat. The ceramic fiber mat has ceramic fibers as the core skeleton, which can not only well infiltrate the liquid phase change material so that the phase change material is filled in the pores of its core skeleton, but also has low thermal conductivity, good high temperature resistance (1280°C), resistance to instantaneous thermal shock, flame retardant properties and mechanical properties, no powdering, and is flexible and resilient, and is compatible with the battery pack manufacturing process.

[0141] In some examples, the thermal insulation substrate is a nano ceramic fiber mat. The nano ceramic fiber includes at least one of silica fiber, alumina fiber, zirconium oxide fiber, silicon aluminum ceramic fiber, borosilicate ceramic fiber, boron aluminum ceramic fiber and zirconium aluminum silicon ceramic fiber.

[0142] Furthermore, the average diameter of the nano-ceramic fibers is 200 nm to 800 nm.

[0143] In some examples of the present application, the ceramic particles include but are not limited to at least one of boron nitride particles, silicon nitride particles, silicon carbide particles, silicon dioxide particles, etc. Further, the Dv50 of the ceramic particles is 60 nm ~ 90 nm. As an example, the Dv50 of the ceramic particles can be any value of 60nm, 65nm, 70nm, 75nm, 80nm, 83nm, 85nm, 90nm or between any two values. The above-mentioned silicon dioxide particles of a specific particle size are conducive to doping and uniform dispersion in the substrate.

[0144] Phase change microcapsules can be obtained by in-situ polymerization, where the wall material covers the core material. In some examples, the preparation method of phase change microcapsules includes the following steps: dispersing ceramic particles in water to form an aqueous phase; heating the phase change material to a molten state to form an oil phase; mixing the aqueous phase and the oil phase, stirring to form a Pickering emulsion, adding the raw materials required for preparing the polymer matrix of the wall material (such as water-soluble polymerization monomers or prepolymer aqueous solutions) to the Pickering emulsion, stirring and polymerizing at room temperature, and generating a non-water-soluble polycondensate (i.e., polymer matrix) with a cross-linked three-dimensional network structure at the interface of the emulsion.

[0145] The polymer matrix of the above material has better compatibility with phase change materials such as paraffin, and also facilitates the uniform dispersion of ceramic particles, thereby ensuring the stability of phase change microcapsules.

[0146] See also Figure 7 and Figure 8 Another embodiment of the present application further provides a battery 30, which includes any of the above-mentioned composite thermal insulation pads 10.

[0147] It is worth mentioning that Figure 7~Figure 8 In the specific example, Figure 6 The composite thermal insulation pad 10 shown is actually not limited to the composite thermal insulation pad 10 of the battery 30, and can be one or more of any of the above-mentioned composite thermal insulation pads 10.

[0148] The battery 30 also includes one or more battery cells 20; further, a composite thermal insulation pad 10 is provided between at least two adjacent battery cells 20. Optionally, a composite thermal insulation pad 10 is provided between any two adjacent battery cells 20. Further, the composite thermal insulation pad 10 is provided between the large surfaces of the two adjacent battery cells 20.

[0149] It is understandable that the above-mentioned composite thermal insulation pad 10 may also be provided between the battery cell 20 and the inner wall of the battery 30 shell.

[0150] It is understood that the shape of the battery cell 20 includes but is not limited to square and cylindrical. The composite thermal insulation pad 10 can be arranged in a manner consistent with the shape of the battery cell 20 .

[0151] In some of the embodiments, the battery cell 20 is square, and the composite thermal insulation pad 10 is disposed on a side surface of the battery cell 20 with a larger area to increase its contact area and improve the thermal insulation performance.

[0152] Furthermore, the composite thermal insulation pad 10 is disposed between the large surfaces of two adjacent battery cells 20 .

[0153] In this application, unless otherwise specified, "battery cell 20" refers to a basic unit that can realize the mutual conversion of chemical energy and electrical energy, and further, generally speaking, at least includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and an electrolyte. During the battery charging and discharging process, active ions are embedded and released back and forth between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. The electrolyte plays the role of conducting active ions between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.

[0154] A battery 30 may include one or more battery cells 20, and multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection. Mixed connection means that multiple battery cells 20 are connected in series and in parallel. After multiple battery cells 20 are connected to each other and arranged in a certain order, they can be directly placed in a box to assemble into a battery 30. Alternatively, multiple battery cells 20 may be first formed into a battery module, and then multiple battery modules may be connected to each other to form a whole, and finally the whole battery module may be placed in a box to form a battery 30.

[0155] Generally, the battery cell 20 includes a housing, a cover plate, and an electrode assembly. The electrode assembly is accommodated in the housing, and the cover plate is sealed at the opening. For example, Fig. 9The battery cell 20 is a square structure as an example. The battery cell 20 includes a housing 21, a cover plate 23 and an electrode assembly 22. The electrode assembly 22 is accommodated in the housing 21, and the cover plate 23 is sealed at the opening. The electrode assembly 22 includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a separator. The positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the separator can be formed by a winding process or a lamination process.

[0156] Furthermore, the electrode assembly 22 also includes an electrolyte, such as an electrolyte. The electrolyte is infiltrated in the electrode assembly 22. The number of electrode assemblies 22 included in the battery cell 20 can be one or more, and those skilled in the art can select according to specific actual needs.

[0157] Furthermore, one or both ends of the housing 21 are provided with an opening.

[0158] Further, the housing 21 is a rectangular housing, and the opening direction of the housing 21 is the height direction of the housing 21. Further, both ends of the housing 21 are provided with openings, and the two openings are arranged oppositely along the height direction of the housing 21. Further as a non-limiting example, the height of the housing 21 is 80 mm to 210 mm; further as a non-limiting example, the length of the housing 21 is 90 mm to 240 mm; further as a non-limiting example, the width of the housing 21 is 20 mm to 80 mm.

[0159] Furthermore, the battery cell 20 and the shell 21 are rectangular shells, and the composite insulation pad 10 is arranged on the larger side of the battery cell 20, which is perpendicular to the above-mentioned width direction, that is, the side formed by the two sides of the above-mentioned length direction and height direction.

[0160] As a further non-limiting example, the wall thickness of the housing 21 is 0.5 mm to 0.8 mm.

[0161] Furthermore, the housing 21 is an aluminum alloy housing; for example, a three-series aluminum alloy housing or a five-series aluminum alloy housing.

[0162] Furthermore, the aluminum alloy of the three-series aluminum alloy shell includes the following components in mass percentage: aluminum ≥ 99.6%, copper ≤ 0.05%, iron ≤ 0.35%, magnesium ≤ 0.03%, manganese ≤ 0.03%, silicon ≤ 0.25%, titanium ≤ 0.03%, vanadium ≤ 0.05%, zinc ≤ 0.05%, and other single elements ≤ 0.03%.

[0163] Furthermore, the aluminum alloy of the fifth series aluminum alloy shell includes the following components in mass percentage: aluminum ≥ 96.7%, 0.05% ≤ copper ≤ 0.2%, iron ≤ 0.7%, manganese ≤ 1.5%, silicon ≤ 0.6%, zinc ≤ 0.1%, other single element components ≤ 0.05%, and the total composition of other elements ≤ 0.15%.

[0164] In some of the embodiments, the battery 30 further includes an adhesive layer, one side of which is disposed on the outer surface of the outer insulation layer (the first insulation layer 111 and / or the second insulation layer 112) of the composite insulation pad 10, and the other side is used to bond the composite insulation pad 10 to a designated position of the battery 30, for example, the other side is bonded to a surface (for example, a larger surface) of the battery cell 20.

[0165] Another embodiment of the present application further provides an electrical device, including the above-mentioned battery provided in the present application. The above-mentioned battery can be used as a power source for the electrical device, and can also be used as an energy storage unit for the electrical device. The electrical device may include mobile devices, electric vehicles, electric trains, ships and satellites, energy storage systems, etc., but are not limited thereto. Among them, the mobile device may be, for example, a mobile phone, a laptop computer, etc.; the electric vehicle may be, for example, a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, an electric bicycle, an electric scooter, an electric golf cart, an electric truck, etc., but are not limited thereto.

[0166] Fig.10 The power consumption device 40 is taken as an example. The power consumption device 40 is a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, or a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle.

[0167] As another example, the device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, etc.

[0168] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0169] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A composite thermal insulation pad, characterized in that: include: A thermal insulation pad body, the thermal insulation pad body comprising a first thermal insulation layer and a second thermal insulation layer; and A flame retardant composite layer is arranged inside the thermal insulation pad body, and the flame retardant composite layer includes a first packaging layer and a flame retardant material layer. The first packaging layer is arranged on the outer surface of the flame retardant material layer and encapsulates the flame retardant material layer. The flame retardant composite layer is arranged between the first thermal insulation layer and the second thermal insulation layer.

2. The composite thermal insulation pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant material layer includes a non-combustible gas generating material layer.

3. The composite thermal insulation pad according to claim 2, characterized in that: The non-combustible gas that can be generated by the non-combustible gas generating material layer includes at least one of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, helium and argon.

4. The composite thermal insulation pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite thermal insulation pad meets at least one of the following conditions: (1) The first packaging layer is an aluminum-plastic film or a polymer packaging film; (2) The thickness of the first packaging layer is 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm; (3) The thermal insulation pad body is a ceramic thermal insulation pad body; (4) The thickness of the flame retardant composite layer is 1.0 mm to 8.0 mm.

5. The composite thermal insulation pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite thermal insulation pad also includes a second packaging layer, which is arranged on the outer surface of the thermal insulation pad body and encapsulates the thermal insulation pad body and the flame-retardant composite layer.

6. The composite thermal insulation pad according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second encapsulation layer includes at least one of an insulating film and a heat insulating film.

7. The composite thermal insulation pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite thermal insulation pad also includes a phase change material layer, which is arranged inside the thermal insulation pad body and stacked with the flame retardant composite layer.

8. The composite thermal insulation pad according to claim 7, characterized in that: The composite thermal insulation pad also includes a third packaging layer, which is arranged on the outer surface of the phase change material layer and packages the phase change material layer.

9. The composite thermal insulation pad according to claim 7, characterized in that: The phase change material layer includes a heat insulation substrate and a phase change material filled in pores of the heat insulation substrate.

10. The composite thermal insulation pad according to claim 7, characterized in that: The phase change material layer is disposed on at least one of two sides of the outer peripheral side of the flame retardant composite layer in a thickness direction.

11. The composite thermal insulation pad according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The composite thermal insulation pad meets at least one of the following conditions: (1) The thickness of the first thermal insulation layer and the second thermal insulation layer are independently 0.5 mm to 8 mm; (2) The first heat-insulating layer and the second heat-insulating layer are each independently a ceramic material layer.

12. The composite thermal insulation pad according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The composite thermal insulation pad also includes a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer, wherein the first adhesive layer is arranged between the first thermal insulation layer and the flame retardant composite layer, and the second adhesive layer is arranged between the second thermal insulation layer and the flame retardant composite layer.

13. The composite thermal insulation pad according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The edges of the first heat-insulating layer and the second heat-insulating layer cooperate with each other to form an assembly cavity, and the flame-retardant composite layer is located in the assembly cavity.

14. The composite thermal insulation pad according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The composite thermal insulation pad also includes a first packaging frame and a second packaging frame, and the first packaging frame cooperates with the second packaging frame to fix the thermal insulation pad body provided with the flame-retardant composite layer.

15. A battery, characterized in that: Comprising the composite thermal insulation pad as described in any one of claims 1 to 14.

16. The battery according to claim 15, characterized in that The battery comprises a plurality of battery cells, and the composite heat insulation pad is arranged between at least two adjacent battery cells.

17. The battery according to claim 16, characterized in that The composite heat-insulating pad is arranged between the large surfaces of the two adjacent battery cells.

18. An electrical device, characterized in that: Comprising a battery as claimed in any one of claims 15 to 17.

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