Battery pack frame structure, battery pack and automobile
By designing exhaust passages and check valves in the battery pack frame structure, the problem of high-temperature gas retention when the battery pack is thermally out of control is solved, and efficient hot gas discharge is achieved, avoiding the increase in the bottom plate temperature.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421331482.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-12
AI Technical Summary
In new energy vehicles, when the battery cell group is thermally out of control, high-temperature gas is likely to remain in the bottom plate, resulting in an increase in the bottom plate temperature and a lack of effective exhaust guidance solutions.
A battery-pack frame structure is designed, including a bottom plate and a side beam, with exhaust passages in the bottom plate, the cavity of the side beam connects the exhaust passage and the external space, and a check valve is provided at the communication between the cavity and the exhaust passage to ensure the one-way discharge of high-temperature gas.
Through the design of the exhaust passage and check valve, high-temperature gas can be discharged in time to prevent the bottom plate from heating up and effectively prevent the spread of thermal runaway events.
Smart Images
Figure CN222813855U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of automobile technology, and in particular to a battery pack frame structure, a battery pack and an automobile. Background Art
[0002] As the penetration rate of my country's new energy passenger car market gradually increases, the number of new energy vehicles in the market is increasing, and new energy thermal runaway events are becoming more and more frequent. How to do a good job of thermal runaway protection for power batteries is the top priority for every new energy vehicle company. In related technologies, when a battery pack has thermal runaway, the discharged high-temperature gas enters the bottom plate and then is discharged to the external environment through the vents on the side of the box. However, the above scheme lacks guidance for the high-temperature gas, and the high-temperature gas is easily retained and diffused in the bottom plate, which in turn causes the bottom plate temperature to rise. Utility Model Content
[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a battery pack frame structure, a battery pack and a car to solve the problem that high-temperature gas is easily retained and diffused in the bottom plate, thereby causing the temperature of the bottom plate to rise.
[0004] A battery pack frame structure is used to install a battery cell group. The battery pack frame structure includes a bottom plate and side beams connected to the periphery of the bottom plate. An exhaust channel is provided in the bottom plate, and a through hole connected to the exhaust channel is provided on the side of the bottom plate close to the battery cell group. The side beam has a cavity, and the cavity connects the exhaust channel and an external space. In addition, a check valve is provided at the connection between the cavity and the exhaust channel, and the check valve conducts one-way flow from the exhaust channel to the cavity. The high-temperature gas generated by the battery cell group can enter the exhaust channel through the through hole, then enter the cavity through the check valve, and finally be discharged to the external space.
[0005] In one of the embodiments, the battery pack frame structure also includes an explosion-proof valve, which is installed on the side beam and is used to connect the cavity and the external space.
[0006] In one of the embodiments, the explosion-proof valve is arranged with its opening face facing downward along the thickness direction of the bottom plate.
[0007] In one of the embodiments, a groove is formed on the lower wall surface of the side beam along the thickness direction of the bottom plate, and the explosion-proof valve is accommodated in the groove.
[0008] In one of the embodiments, the battery pack frame structure further includes a heat insulation cover, which faces the valve opening surface of the explosion-proof valve and is spaced apart from the valve opening surface of the explosion-proof valve.
[0009] In one embodiment, the exhaust passage extends along the length direction of the bottom plate, and the through hole is opened in the middle of the exhaust passage.
[0010] The present application also provides a battery pack, which includes multiple battery cell groups and the battery pack frame structure described in any one of the above embodiments, wherein the multiple battery cell groups are arranged above the bottom plate along the thickness direction of the bottom plate; each battery cell group includes multiple battery cell units, and the exhaust channels are arranged one by one corresponding to the battery cell units, and a check valve is arranged at the connection between each exhaust channel and the cavity.
[0011] In one embodiment, the number of cavities is the same as the number of battery cell groups, and each cavity is provided with an explosion-proof valve. Each battery cell group is connected to a cavity through corresponding multiple exhaust channels and can be connected to the external environment through a corresponding explosion-proof valve.
[0012] The present application also provides a car, which includes a door sill beam and a battery pack frame structure as described in any one of the above embodiments, and a side beam is connected to the door sill beam.
[0013] In one of the embodiments, the battery pack frame structure also includes an explosion-proof valve and a heat insulation cover. The explosion-proof valve is installed on the side beam and is used to connect the cavity and the external space. One end of the heat insulation cover is connected to the door sill beam and the other end is connected to the side beam. The middle part of the heat insulation cover faces the opening surface of the explosion-proof valve and is spaced apart from the opening surface of the explosion-proof valve.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the battery pack frame structure provided by the present application has an exhaust channel that guides the high-temperature gas discharged from the battery pack when the battery pack undergoes thermal runaway, so that the high-temperature gas enters the cavity of the side beam along the exhaust channel, and the check valve can prevent the high-temperature gas in the cavity from flowing back to the exhaust channel. This is conducive to timely discharge of the high-temperature gas in the bottom plate, thereby preventing the bottom plate from heating up. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the conventional technology, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the conventional technology descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0016] Figure 1 An axonometric view of the battery pack frame structure, battery cell group, and door sill beam assembly provided for this application;
[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A side view of the battery pack frame structure, the battery cell group, and the door sill beam assembly shown;
[0018] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the base plate and the check valve assembly provided in this application;
[0019] Figure 4An exploded schematic diagram of the base plate and check valve provided for this application.
[0020] Figure numerals: 100, battery pack frame structure; 110, bottom plate; 111, exhaust channel; 112, through hole; 113, mounting hole; 120, side beam; 121, cavity; 122, groove; 130, check valve; 140, explosion-proof valve; 150, heat insulation cover; 200, battery cell group; 210, battery cell single unit; 300, threshold beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0022] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may also be a central component. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may be a central component at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in the specification of this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.
[0023] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0024] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly in contact with the second feature, or the first feature and the second feature are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above” or “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the specification of this application have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" used in the specification of this application includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.
[0026] See also Figures 1 to 4 The present application provides a battery pack frame structure 100 for installing a battery cell group 200. The battery pack frame structure 100 includes a bottom plate 110 and a side beam 120 connected to the periphery of the bottom plate 110. The bottom plate 110 has an exhaust channel 111, and a through hole 112 connected to the exhaust channel 111 is opened on the side of the bottom plate 110 close to the battery cell group 200. The side beam 120 has a cavity 121, and the cavity 121 connects the exhaust channel 111 and the external space. In addition, a check valve 130 is provided at the connection between the cavity 121 and the exhaust channel 111, and the check valve 130 is unidirectionally conducted from the exhaust channel 111 to the cavity 121. Among them, the high-temperature gas generated by the battery cell group 200 can enter the exhaust channel 111 through the through hole 112, then enter the cavity 121 through the check valve 130, and finally be discharged to the external space. It is understandable that when the battery cell group 200 has thermal runaway, the exhaust channel 111 guides the high-temperature gas discharged from the battery cell group 200, so that the high-temperature gas enters the cavity 121 of the side beam 120 along the exhaust channel 111, and the check valve 130 can prevent the high-temperature gas in the cavity 121 from flowing back to the exhaust channel 111. In this way, it is helpful to discharge the high-temperature gas in the bottom plate 110 in time, thereby preventing the bottom plate 110 from heating up.
[0027] Optionally, in one embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, the exhaust channel 111 extends along the length direction of the bottom plate 110, the through hole 112 is opened in the middle of the exhaust channel 111, and the cavity 121 is provided at one or both ends of the exhaust channel 111. Of course, in other embodiments, the exhaust channel 111 may also extend along the width direction of the bottom plate 110.
[0028] Furthermore, each battery cell group 200 includes a plurality of battery cell monomers 210, and the exhaust channels 111 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the battery cell monomers 210. It should be noted that "the exhaust channels 111 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the battery cell monomers 210" means that the number of exhaust channels 111 is the same as the number of battery cell monomers 210, and each battery cell monomer 210 corresponds to a through hole connected to an exhaust channel 111. In this way, it can be ensured that the high-temperature gas generated when each battery cell monomer 210 has thermal runaway can enter the cavity 121 through the corresponding exhaust channel 111 without interfering with other battery cell monomers 210 that are working normally.
[0029] Furthermore, a check valve 130 is provided at the connection between each exhaust channel 111 and the cavity 121. In this way, the high-temperature gas in a certain exhaust channel 111 can be prevented from entering other exhaust channels 111, thereby preventing the thermal runaway from spreading.
[0030] Furthermore, if Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of check valves 130 are arranged side by side and form an integrated structure. A mounting hole 113 is opened on the bottom plate 110 , and the plurality of check valves 130 are installed in the mounting hole 113 along the width direction of the bottom plate 110 .
[0031] See also Figure 2 The battery pack frame structure 100 further includes an explosion-proof valve 140, which is mounted on the side beam 120 and is used to connect the cavity 121 with the external space. It is understandable that when the cavity 121 reaches the valve opening pressure of the explosion-proof valve 140, the explosion-proof valve 140 opens and the cavity 121 is connected to the external environment.
[0032] Please continue reading Figures 1 to 4 In one embodiment, the number of cavities 121 is the same as the number of battery cell groups 200, and each cavity 121 is provided with an explosion-proof valve 140, and each battery cell group 200 is connected to a cavity 121 through a corresponding plurality of exhaust channels 111, and can be connected to the external environment through a corresponding explosion-proof valve 140. That is, in this embodiment, a plurality of battery cell monomers 210 in each battery cell group 200 share the same explosion-proof valve 140, so that when one or more battery cell monomers 210 in the same battery cell group 200 have thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas flowing into the cavity 121 can quickly reach the valve opening pressure of the explosion-proof valve 140 in the cavity 121, thereby opening the explosion-proof valve 140. Specifically, a plurality of partitions can be provided in the cavity of the side beam 120 to separate the interior of the side beam 120 into a plurality of cavities 121.
[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, the explosion-proof valve 140 is disposed with its opening face downwardly along the thickness direction of the bottom plate 110. Thus, when the explosion-proof valve 140 is opened, the high-temperature gas is discharged downwardly from the cavity 121 to avoid impacting other parts of the automobile.
[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, along the thickness direction of the bottom plate 110, a groove 122 is formed on the lower wall surface of the side beam 120, and the explosion-proof valve 140 is accommodated in the groove 122. In this way, the lower wall surface of the side beam 120 can protect the explosion-proof valve 140. Specifically, the groove 122 is recessed toward the cavity 121, and the opening of the groove 122 is arranged downward.
[0035] like Figure 2As shown, the battery pack frame structure 100 also includes a heat insulation cover 150, which faces the valve opening surface of the explosion-proof valve 140 and is spaced apart from the valve opening surface of the explosion-proof valve 140. It is understandable that with such a configuration, when the explosion-proof valve 140 opens, the high-temperature gas will impact the surface of the heat insulation cover 150, and then flow along the surface of the heat insulation cover 150. That is, the heat insulation cover 150 plays a role in guiding and buffering the high-temperature gas, further improving the safety of the battery pack. Moreover, when the battery pack is working normally, the heat insulation cover 150 can also protect the explosion-proof valve 140 to prevent impurities such as mud and sand from entering the explosion-proof valve 140 during the driving of the car.
[0036] The present application also provides a battery pack, which includes a plurality of battery cell groups 200 and the battery pack frame structure 100 described in any one of the above embodiments. The plurality of battery cell groups 200 are installed above the bottom plate 110 along the thickness direction of the bottom plate 110 .
[0037] The present application also provides a car, which includes a door sill beam 300 and a battery pack frame structure 100 described in any one of the above embodiments, a side beam 120 connected to the door sill beam 300, a heat shield 150 connected to the door sill beam 300 at one end and to the side beam 120 at the other end, and the middle of the heat shield 150 faces the valve opening surface of the explosion-proof valve 140 and is spaced from the valve opening surface of the explosion-proof valve 140. In this way, the heat shield 150 is convenient to install.
[0038] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0039] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of patent protection of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.
Claims
1. A battery pack frame structure for installing a battery cell group (200), characterized in that: The battery pack frame structure comprises a bottom plate (110) and a side beam (120) connected to the periphery of the bottom plate (110); the bottom plate (110) has an exhaust channel (111) therein, and a through hole (112) connected to the exhaust channel (111) is provided on a side of the bottom plate (110) close to the battery cell group (200); the side beam (120) has a cavity (121); the cavity (121) connects the exhaust channel (111) and an external space; and a check valve (130) is provided at a connection point between the cavity (121) and the exhaust channel (111); the check valve (130) is unidirectionally connected from the exhaust channel (111) to the cavity (121); The high-temperature gas generated by the battery cell group (200) can enter the exhaust channel (111) through the through hole (112), then enter the cavity (121) through the check valve (130), and finally be discharged to the external space.
2. The battery pack frame structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery pack frame structure further comprises an explosion-proof valve (140), wherein the explosion-proof valve (140) is installed on the side beam (120) and is used to connect the cavity (121) and the external space.
3. The battery pack frame structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Along the thickness direction of the bottom plate (110), the opening surface of the explosion-proof valve (140) is arranged downward.
4. The battery pack frame structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A groove (122) is formed on the lower wall surface of the side beam (120) along the thickness direction of the bottom plate (110), and the explosion-proof valve (140) is accommodated in the groove (122).
5. The battery pack frame structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery pack frame structure further comprises a heat insulation cover (150), wherein the heat insulation cover (150) faces the valve opening surface of the explosion-proof valve (140) and is spaced apart from the valve opening surface of the explosion-proof valve (140).
6. The battery pack frame structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust channel (111) extends along the length direction of the bottom plate (110), and the through hole (112) is opened in the middle of the exhaust channel (111).
7. A battery pack, characterized in that: Comprising a plurality of battery cell groups (200) and a battery pack frame structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the plurality of battery cell groups (200) are installed above the bottom plate (110) along the thickness direction of the bottom plate (110); Each of the battery cell groups (200) comprises a plurality of battery cell monomers (210), the exhaust channels (111) and the battery cell monomers (210) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and a check valve (130) is arranged at the connection point between each of the exhaust channels (111) and the cavity (121).
8. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of the cavities (121) is the same as the number of the battery cell groups (200), and each of the cavities (121) is provided with an explosion-proof valve (140); each of the battery cell groups (200) is connected to a cavity (121) through a corresponding plurality of exhaust channels (111), and can be connected to the external environment through a corresponding explosion-proof valve (140).
9. A car, characterized in that: The automobile comprises a rocker beam (300) and a battery pack frame structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the side beam (120) is connected to the rocker beam (300).
10. The automobile according to claim 9, characterized in that: The battery pack frame structure further comprises an explosion-proof valve (140) and a heat insulation cover (150); the explosion-proof valve (140) is mounted on the side beam (120) and is used to connect the cavity (121) and the external space; one end of the heat insulation cover (150) is connected to the threshold beam (300) and the other end is connected to the side beam (120); the middle portion of the heat insulation cover (150) faces the valve opening surface of the explosion-proof valve (140) and is spaced apart from the valve opening surface of the explosion-proof valve (140).