Rotating mirror optical system and 3D printing equipment

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of additive manufacturing, and relates to a rotating mirror optical system and 3D printing equipment, and the rotating mirror optical system comprises a laser generating device and a light path refraction and reflection focusing structure which is arranged on a light path where laser emitted by the laser generating device is located. The utility model provides the rotating mirror optical system and the 3D printing equipment which are compact in arrangement and can effectively improve the printing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of additive manufacturing, and relates to an optical system and a printing device, in particular to a rotating mirror optical system and a 3D printing device. Background Art

[0002] SLM is a rapid laser melting forming technology based on digital model files. The two-dimensional slice data of the parts is generated by computer-aided design and imported into the forming equipment. The laser light is collimated and expanded, and then the optical path is turned to the field mirror through the scanning galvanometer, and finally focused on the forming format. The metal powder laid on the forming table is sintered layer by layer to realize part forming.

[0003] In this type of technology, printing large-size parts is generally achieved by arranging multiple groups of galvanometers. Each optical path galvanometer is responsible for a part of the forming area, and finally they are pieced together to form the entire printing area, thereby realizing the printing of large-size parts. Therefore, the arrangement cost of multiple optical galvanometers is relatively high.

[0004] In addition, multi-galvanometer forming equipment generally arranges the galvanometer, laser and collimation and expansion system on the same axis. The overall length of the rotating mirror optical system is relatively long. Due to the volume of the galvanometer and the direction of incoming and outgoing light, the rotating mirror optical system of multi-galvanometer equipment is often made very large, and the spacing between the galvanometers is also very limited. Therefore, the overlapping area of ​​the multi-galvanometer equipment is relatively small, and the printing accuracy and efficiency need to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the background technology, the utility model provides a rotating mirror optical system and a 3D printing device which are compactly arranged and can effectively improve the printing efficiency.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A rotating mirror optical system is characterized in that: the rotating mirror optical system comprises a laser generating device and an optical path refraction and focusing structure arranged on the optical path where the laser emitted by the laser generating device is located.

[0008] The optical path folding and focusing structure comprises a rotating reflector and a curved reflector which are arranged in sequence from front to back on the optical path where the outgoing laser is located.

[0009] The rotating reflector is a reflector that can rotate 360°. Preferably, the rotating reflector is a high-speed reflector that can rotate 360°.

[0010] The curved reflector is a fixed curved reflector or a free-curved reflector.

[0011] The rotating mirror optical system further comprises a beam expander placed between the laser generating device and the optical path folding and focusing structure.

[0012] The beam expansion factor of the above beam expander is adjustable.

[0013] A 3D printing device, characterized in that: the 3D printing device comprises a movable slide rail, a mounting frame and a rotating mirror optical system group; the rotating mirror optical system group is placed on the mounting frame; the mounting frame is placed on the movable slide rail and moves along the axial direction of the movable slide rail.

[0014] The rotating mirror optical system group is one group or a plurality of groups.

[0015] Each of the above-mentioned rotating mirror optical system groups includes one rotating mirror optical system or a plurality of parallel rotating mirror optical systems.

[0016] The above-mentioned moving slide rail is an XY moving platform slide rail.

[0017] The advantages of the utility model are:

[0018] The utility model provides a rotating mirror optical system, including a laser generating device and an optical path refraction and focusing structure arranged on the optical path where the laser emitted by the laser generating device is located. The rotating mirror optical system provided by the utility model is based on the existing galvanometer optical path arrangement method, and provides a rotating mirror optical system and a 3D printing device based on the rotating mirror optical system. The rotating mirror structure realizes the refraction and focusing of the laser beam through a rotating reflector and a fixed curved reflector, and does not require a galvanometer and a field mirror, which is conducive to reducing costs. The rotating mirror optical system can move in the horizontal direction, and the laser is incident into the rotating mirror optical system after being collimated by a beam expander, and is reflected and focused by the rotating reflector and the fixed curved reflector, and then emitted to the forming table to realize part printing. The spacing of the optical path arrangement does not need to consider the problem of space reservation for the fixed placement of the optical fiber head and the beam expander, and a more compact arrangement can be achieved, which saves space on the top of the equipment forming chamber to a certain extent. The optical path can be moved during the printing process, which can increase the printing format of the existing equipment to a certain extent, and can also save the number of required optical paths under the same printing format. At the same time, the rotating mirror structure allows the laser beam to be directly incident on the forming table. The laser beam without the galvanometer and field mirror can be folded and focused, which can achieve a more compact arrangement. Moreover, compared with the galvanometer structure, the rotating mirror structure can increase the scanning speed by nearly 3 times; moreover, the rotating mirror rotates faster than the galvanometer. After combining multiple factors, the printing efficiency can be greatly improved. In addition, the utility model can also be appropriately matched with a beam expander and a curved reflector with a beam expansion multiple to achieve small spot focusing, and combined with an array flying device, it can achieve high-efficiency and fine forming of some microstructures (tungsten grating, etc.). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotating mirror optical system provided by the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotating mirror optical system (double rotating mirror optical system) provided by the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 is based on Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the formed 3D printing device;

[0022] Figure 4 is based on Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the formed 3D printing device;

[0023] in:

[0024] 1-optical fiber; 2-optical fiber head; 3-beam expander; 4-rotating reflector; 5-curved reflector; 6-forming table; 7-optical path folding and focusing structure; 8-movable slide rail; 9-forming chamber top plate; 10-mounting frame; 11-rotating mirror optical system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] See also Figure 1 The utility model provides a rotating mirror optical system, including a laser generating device and an optical path folding and focusing structure 7 arranged on the optical path where the laser emitted by the laser generating device is located. Exemplarily, the rotating mirror optical system formed by the laser generating device and the optical path folding and focusing structure 7 can be arranged vertically or horizontally. Regardless of the arrangement, the purpose of the utility model can be achieved, and no additional restrictions are imposed herein.

[0026] The optical path folding and focusing structure 7 includes a rotating reflector 4 and a curved reflector 5 which are arranged in sequence from front to back on the optical path where the outgoing laser is located. Exemplarily, the rotating reflector 4 is a reflector that can rotate 360°, especially a high-speed reflector that can rotate 360°. The rotating mirror optical system also includes a beam expander 3 placed between the laser generating device and the optical path folding and focusing structure 7. Exemplarily, the beam expansion multiple of the beam expander 3 is adjustable. The curved reflector 5 can be a fixed curved reflector or a free-form curved reflector.

[0027] Exemplarily, the laser generating device may include an optical fiber 1 and an optical fiber head 2 .

[0028] The laser beam emitted by the laser generating device is incident on the rotating reflector 4 after being collimated and expanded. Since the rotating reflector 4 can rotate 360° at high speed, the laser beam is reflected at multiple angles to the curved reflector 5 during the rotation process, and then reflected and focused by the curved reflector 5 to the forming table 6 to achieve part printing. The utility model replaces the galvanometer and field mirror of the traditional forming printing optical path with the optical path refraction and focusing structure 7. The laser beam can be refracted and focused by the curved reflector 5 and the rotating reflector 4, which reduces the cost to a certain extent. Moreover, compared with the galvanometer structure, the rotating mirror structure can increase the scanning speed by nearly 3 times, thereby improving the printing efficiency. In addition, the characteristic of vertical incidence of the laser beam also saves the optical path arrangement space to a certain extent.

[0029] See also Figure 2 , is another form of the rotating mirror optical system provided by the utility model. The mechanism of the rotating mirror optical system is Figure 1 The rotating mirror optical system shown in the figure is basically the same, except that the rotating mirror optical system includes two groups Figure 1 The rotating mirror optical system shown is in parallel, that is, an additional rotating mirror optical system is integrated on the basis of a single rotating mirror optical system to form an integrated rotating mirror optical system, which saves more space for arranging the optical path. Exemplarily, multiple rotating mirror optical systems 11 can also be in parallel.

[0030] See also Figure 3 The utility model also provides a Figure 1 The 3D printing device of the rotating mirror optical system shown comprises a movable slide rail 8, a mounting frame 10 and a rotating mirror optical system group; the rotating mirror optical system group is placed on the mounting frame 10; the mounting frame 10 is placed on the movable slide rail 8 and moves along the axial direction of the movable slide rail 8. Among them, the rotating mirror optical system group is composed of multiple groups of rotating mirror optical systems, and each group of rotating mirror optical system groups includes a rotating mirror optical system 11 or two parallel rotating mirror optical systems 11. Exemplarily, the movable slide rail 8 is an XY movable platform slide rail. When the 3D printing device provided by the utility model is used, the movable slide rail 8 is fixedly set on the top plate 9 of the forming chamber, and the laser beam is vertically incident on the rotating mirror optical system 11 after collimation and beam expansion, and then reflected and focused by the rotating mirror optical system 11 and incident on the forming table 6. By moving the movable slide rail 8, the movement in the X direction and the Y direction on the top plate 9 of the forming chamber is realized. Since the forming table 6 is parallel to the top plate 9 of the forming chamber, the movement in the X direction and the Y direction on the forming table 6 is realized to realize the printing of the part.

[0031] The 3D printing device does not need a galvanometer and a field mirror to realize the deflection and focusing of the laser beam. The laser beam is always incident on the forming table 6. The spacing of the optical path arrangement does not need to consider the problem of fixed placement of the optical fiber head and the reserved space for the beam expander. The arrangement between the optical paths is more compact, which improves the printing efficiency and accuracy to a certain extent. In addition, the matching beam expander and curved reflector with appropriate beam expansion multiples can realize the focusing of small light spots, and combined with the array flying device, it can realize the high-efficiency and fine forming of some microstructures (tungsten grating, etc.).

[0032] See also Figure 4 , is another form of the 3D printing device provided by the utility model, which is based on Figure 2 The 3D printing device of the rotating mirror optical system shown in the figure is Figure 3 The 3D printing equipment shown is basically the same, the only difference is the form of the rotating mirror optical system used, that is, an integrated rotating mirror optical system is used. This 3D printing equipment does not require a galvanometer and a field mirror to realize the deflection and focusing of the laser beam. The laser beam is always incident on the forming table, which is conducive to reducing costs. Multiple rotating mirrors are integrated into one, and the spacing of the optical path arrangement does not need to consider the problem of fixed placement of the optical fiber head and the reserved space for the beam expander. The optical path arrangement is more compact, which improves the printing efficiency and accuracy to a certain extent.

Claims

1. A rotating mirror optical system, characterized in that: The rotating mirror optical system comprises a laser generating device and an optical path refraction and focusing structure (7) arranged on the optical path of the laser emitted by the laser generating device; The optical path folding and focusing structure (7) comprises a rotating reflector (4) and a curved reflector (5) which are arranged in sequence from front to back on the optical path where the outgoing laser is located.

2. The rotating mirror optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating reflector (4) is a reflector that can rotate 360 ​​degrees.

3. The rotating mirror optical system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The curved reflector (5) is a fixed curved reflector or a free-curved reflector.

4. The rotating mirror optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The rotating mirror optical system also includes a beam expander (3) disposed between the laser generating device and the optical path folding and focusing structure (7).

5. The rotating mirror optical system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The beam expansion factor of the beam expander (3) is adjustable.

6. A 3D printing device, characterized in that: The 3D printing device comprises a movable slide rail (8), a mounting frame (10), and a rotating mirror optical system group formed based on any one of claims 1 to 5; the rotating mirror optical system group is placed on the mounting frame (10); the mounting frame (10) is placed on the movable slide rail (8) and moves along the axial direction of the movable slide rail (8).

7. The 3D printing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating mirror optical system group is one group or multiple groups.

8. The 3D printing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each rotating mirror optical system group includes one rotating mirror optical system (11) or a plurality of parallel rotating mirror optical systems (11).

9. The 3D printing device according to claim 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that: The movable slide rail (8) is an XY movable platform slide rail.

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