Shield tunneling machine excavating device adopting telescopic movable cutterhead

Abstract

The utility model discloses a shield tunneling machine excavating device adopting a telescopic movable cutterhead, and relates to the technical field of shield tunneling machine excavating, in particular to the shield tunneling machine excavating device adopting the telescopic movable cutterhead. Comprising a main body, a shield tunneling machine digger, a sliding rail, a range finder, a cutterhead, an angle sensor, a hydraulic cylinder, a controller, a geological radar, a GPS module, a WiFi module and a wear monitoring device. In the utility model, the hydraulic cylinder, the sliding rail, the controller and the angle sensor are integrated, so that the cutterhead can be telescopically and flexibly adjusted to adapt to different geological conditions. The GPS module, the range finder and the geological radar are combined, so that the navigation precision and the real-time geological information acquisition capability are improved, and the accuracy and the safety of a tunneling path are ensured. And due to the application of the wear monitoring device and the WiFi module, real-time monitoring and data transmission of the wear of the cutterhead are realized, and the equipment fault and maintenance cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of shield machine excavation, in particular to a shield machine excavation device adopting a telescopic movable cutter head. Background Art

[0002] As the core equipment of modern tunnel engineering, the main function of the shield machine is to cut the rock and soil in front by rotating the cutterhead, thereby advancing the tunnel excavation. However, when faced with complex geological conditions, traditional shield machines are often difficult to deal with efficiently, and problems such as severe cutterhead wear and excavation path deviation often occur. The existing shield machine cutterhead telescopic device (publication number: CN202500574U) has the following disadvantages and needs further improvement.

[0003] 1. The traditional equipment cutterhead design is fixed. This design can work effectively under single and stable geological conditions, but it exposes obvious shortcomings in complex and changeable geological environments. It is difficult to adjust the position and angle of the fixed cutterhead. When facing rock and soil with different hardness and composition, it is impossible to cut flexibly, resulting in reduced excavation efficiency. In addition, when the fixed cutterhead encounters obstacles or special geological layers, it is often necessary to suspend construction for manual processing, which increases construction time and cost. The fixed cutterhead wears more evenly, but it cannot be adjusted and replaced in time for high-wear areas, resulting in a shortened service life of the overall cutterhead. Frequent maintenance and replacement not only increase downtime, but also increase maintenance costs. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a shield machine excavation device with a retractable and movable cutterhead.

[0004] 2. Traditional equipment relies on mechanical measurement and manual correction for navigation, which has great limitations in accuracy and efficiency. Mechanical measurement needs to be carried out frequently, and there may be accumulated errors in each measurement, causing the excavation path to deviate from the planned route. Manual correction increases labor costs and there is also the risk of operational errors. In a construction environment with complex geological conditions and changeable terrain, insufficient navigation accuracy will lead to deviations in the excavation path, affecting the overall structure and safety of the tunnel. In addition, the traditional navigation system cannot reflect changes in geological conditions in real time, and cannot adjust the excavation strategy in time, resulting in the inability to quickly respond to geological mutations or obstacles encountered during the construction process, increasing the difficulty and risk of construction. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a shield machine excavation device with a navigation system design.

[0005] 3. Traditional equipment mainly relies on regular inspections and manual judgment for cutterhead wear monitoring, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and has a high risk of misjudgment. The wear of the cutterhead changes rapidly during the construction process, and traditional regular inspections cannot reflect the wear status in a timely manner, resulting in the cutterhead being discovered only after excessive wear, increasing the cost of replacement and repair. At the same time, manual judgment is highly subjective, and wear conditions are underestimated or ignored due to lack of experience or misjudgment, which in turn affects excavation efficiency and equipment safety. The lack of real-time monitoring means also means that it is impossible to obtain specific data on cutterhead wear in a timely manner, and it is impossible to carry out scientific maintenance plans and preventive maintenance, resulting in increased equipment failure rate and downtime. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a shield machine excavation device with a cutterhead wear monitoring design. Utility Model Content

[0006] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a shield machine excavation device using a telescopic movable cutterhead, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: there is a shield machine excavation device using a retractable movable cutterhead, a shield machine excavator is installed above the main body, a slide rail is installed below the shield machine excavator, a rangefinder is installed outside the shield machine excavator, a cutterhead is installed inside the main body, an angle sensor is installed above the cutterhead, a hydraulic cylinder is installed above the main body, a controller is installed inside the main body, and a geological radar is installed outside the controller.

[0008] Preferably, a GPS module is installed above the main body, a WiFi module is installed above the main body, and a wear monitoring device is installed above the main body.

[0009] Preferably, the exterior of the main body adopts a rounded corner design.

[0010] Preferably, the shield machine excavator has eight parts fixed above the main body through internal shafts.

[0011] Preferably, the hydraulic cylinder is fixed above the shield machine excavator by bolts.

[0012] Preferably, the slide rail can control the vertical sliding of the shield machine excavator.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. The utility model can have the following benefits by adding hydraulic cylinders, slide rails, controllers, and angle sensors. The hydraulic cylinder provides a strong thrust, so that the cutter disc can be telescopically adjusted according to actual needs. This design enables the cutter disc to respond flexibly to different geological conditions and is no longer limited to a single fixed cutter disc position. The use of slide rails ensures that the cutter disc remains stable and precise during movement, thereby improving cutting efficiency. As the hub of the entire system, the controller receives and processes data from geological sensors in real time, and adjusts the position and angle of the cutter disc based on this data. The angle sensor monitors the angle changes of the cutter disc in real time to ensure that the cutter disc is always in the best cutting state.

[0015] 2. The utility model can have the following benefits by adding GPS module, rangefinder and geological radar. The GPS module provides accurate location information to ensure that the shield machine always stays on the predetermined track during long-distance excavation. Combined with the inertial navigation system, the positioning accuracy and stability are further improved. The rangefinder is used to measure the distance and angle of obstacles and geological structures ahead in real time, providing key data support for the shield machine so that it can accurately adjust the excavation path. The application of geological radar provides the shield machine with real-time scanning images of the geological structure ahead, allowing operators to predict geological changes in advance and adjust the excavation strategy in time.

[0016] 3. The utility model can have the following benefits by adding a wear monitoring device and a WiFi module. The wear monitoring device is installed at the key position of the cutter disc, collects wear data in real time, and transmits the data to the control center through the WiFi module. The operator can view the wear of the cutter disc in real time through the monitoring software and make maintenance decisions based on the data. In this way, not only can the cutter disc be replaced and maintained in time before excessive wear occurs, reducing the risk of unexpected downtime and equipment failure, but the design and use strategy of the cutter disc can also be optimized according to the wear data, extending the service life of the tool. In addition, the combination of real-time data transmission and the monitoring log system makes equipment maintenance more scientific and systematic, reducing maintenance problems caused by lack of experience or misjudgment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is the top view of the overall structure of the utility model.

[0019] In the figure: 1. Main body; 2. Shield machine excavator; 3. Slide rail; 4. Distance meter; 5. Cutter head; 6. Angle sensor; 7. Hydraulic cylinder; 8. Controller; 9. Geological radar; 10. GPS module; 11. WiFi module; 12. Wear monitoring device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "two ends", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0023] Example

[0024] See also Figure 1-2 , the utility model provides a technical solution:

[0025] A shield machine excavation device using a retractable movable cutterhead, wherein a shield machine excavator 2 is installed above the main body 1, a slide rail 3 is installed below the shield machine excavator 2, a rangefinder 4 is installed outside the shield machine excavator 2, a cutterhead 5 is installed inside the main body 1, an angle sensor 6 is installed above the cutterhead 5, a hydraulic cylinder 7 is installed above the main body 1, a controller 8 is installed inside the main body 1, and a geological radar 9 is installed outside the controller 8.

[0026] The following is a specific implementation of the utility model components:

[0027] 1. Subject

[0028] Specific implementation: The main body is the core structural part of the shield machine, which is mainly made of high-strength steel to ensure that it can withstand pressure and impact under various geological conditions during the excavation process. The control system, hydraulic system and various sensors are integrated inside the main body, providing a compact and sturdy platform to support the operation of various subsystems. The design should take into account the convenience of ventilation, heat dissipation and maintenance to ensure the long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0029] 2. Shield machine excavator

[0030] Specific implementation: The shield machine excavator is located at the front of the main body, responsible for cutting and crushing the rock and soil in front. Its main structure includes a rotating cutterhead, a cutter bracket and a drive system. The cutterhead is equipped with various types of cutters to adapt to rock and soil of different hardness and composition. The drive system adopts an electric hydraulic drive to provide strong cutting force. The design of the excavator must ensure that the speed and cutting angle of the cutterhead are adjustable to meet different construction requirements.

[0031] 3. Slide rail

[0032] Specific implementation: The slide rail is installed inside the shield machine body to support and guide the movement of the cutterhead. It is made of high-strength steel alloy materials to ensure its durability under high load and high wear environment. A precise guide mechanism is set on the slide rail to ensure the smoothness and accuracy of the cutterhead movement. The design of the slide rail must take into account the convenience of installation and maintenance, as well as the coordination with the hydraulic cylinder and controller.

[0033] 4. Rangefinder

[0034] Specific implementation method: The distance meter is installed at the front of the shield machine to measure the distance and angle of the obstacles and geological structures in front in real time. It adopts laser ultrasonic distance measurement technology to provide high-precision measurement data. The distance meter needs to be earthquake-resistant, dust-resistant and waterproof to ensure reliability in harsh construction environments. The measurement data is transmitted to the control center in real time through the data transmission module to provide support for navigation and tunneling strategy adjustment.

[0035] 5. Knife plate

[0036] Specific implementation: The cutterhead is the core component of the shield machine excavator and is made of high-strength alloy steel wear-resistant material. Its design needs to ensure cutting efficiency and durability. Various types of cutters are installed on the cutterhead, which can be adjusted or replaced according to different geological conditions. The rotation of the cutterhead is controlled by a hydraulic electric drive system, with adjustable speed and cutting angle. The design needs to take into account the convenience of maintenance and replacement of the cutterhead.

[0037] 6. Angle sensor

[0038] Specific implementation method: Angle sensors are installed on the cutter disc and the slide rail to monitor the angle and position changes of the cutter disc in real time. High-precision angle sensing technology is used to provide accurate angle data. The sensor data is transmitted to the control center in real time through the data transmission module to assist the controller in adjusting the position and angle of the cutter disc. The angle sensor must have high anti-interference and durability to ensure long-term stable operation.

[0039] 7. Hydraulic cylinder

[0040] Specific implementation: The hydraulic cylinder is used to control the extension and movement of the cutter disc and is installed on both sides of the slide rail. The hydraulic cylinder is made of high-strength alloy material and has strong thrust and extension range. The hydraulic system provides power through the hydraulic cylinder to control the extension and extension of the hydraulic cylinder. The design of the hydraulic cylinder must take into account accuracy, reaction speed and maintenance convenience to ensure stable and precise movement of the cutter disc.

[0041] 8. Controller

[0042] Specific implementation method: The controller is the central nervous system of the shield machine, responsible for receiving sensor data and controlling various actuators. It adopts a high-performance PLC embedded control system with powerful data processing capabilities and control accuracy. The controller is connected to various sensors and actuators through a data bus to monitor the operating status of the shield machine in real time. The redundancy and fault tolerance of the control system must be considered during design to improve the reliability of the system.

[0043] 9. Geological radar

[0044] Specific implementation method: The geological radar is installed in front of the shield machine to scan the geological structure in front in real time. It uses high-frequency electromagnetic wave technology, which can penetrate the stratum and reflect back the echo signal of the interface of different materials. The data of the geological radar is transmitted to the control center through the data transmission module, and the geological profile is generated after processing to assist the operator to adjust the excavation strategy. The geological radar needs to have high anti-interference ability and environmental adaptability.

[0045] 10.GPS module

[0046] Specific implementation method: The GPS module is installed on the top of the shield machine to provide real-time geographic location data. The high-precision GPS technology is used to maintain stable positioning accuracy in complex terrain and underground environments. GPS data is transmitted to the control center in real time through the data transmission module, and combined with the inertial navigation system to provide accurate tunneling path control. The GPS module must have high sensitivity and anti-interference capabilities.

[0047] 11. WiFi module

[0048] Specific implementation method: The WiFi module is used to transmit various sensor data and control commands in real time. It is installed in the control center of the shield machine to provide high-speed and stable wireless data transmission. It uses industrial-grade WiFi modules with long-distance transmission and high anti-interference capabilities. The data transmission of the WiFi module must ensure low latency and high reliability to meet the needs of real-time monitoring and control of the shield machine.

[0049] 12. Wear monitoring device

[0050] Specific implementation method: The wear monitoring device is installed at the key position of the cutter disc to monitor the wear of the cutter disc in real time. The wear-resistant sensor technology is used to accurately detect the wear degree of the cutter disc. The sensor data is transmitted to the control center in real time through the WiFi module. After analysis, a wear report is generated to assist maintenance personnel in replacing and maintaining the cutter disc. The wear monitoring device must have high precision and durability to ensure long-term stable operation.

[0051] The following is the specific technical logic implementation method of the innovative point of this utility model:

[0052] 1. Through the integration of hydraulic cylinders, slide rails, controllers and angle sensors, the shield machine of the utility model realizes the retractable and flexible adjustment of the cutter disc. The hydraulic cylinder provides a strong thrust, so that the cutter disc can be retracted and adjusted according to actual needs, and the slide rail ensures that the cutter disc remains stable and precise during movement, thereby improving cutting efficiency. As the center of the system, the controller receives and processes the data of the geological sensor in real time, and adjusts the position and angle of the cutter disc according to this data. The angle sensor monitors the angle change of the cutter disc in real time to ensure that the cutter disc is always in the best cutting state, enabling it to flexibly respond to different geological conditions and significantly improve the excavation efficiency and adaptability.

[0053] 2. Combining the GPS module, rangefinder and geological radar, the shield machine of the utility model significantly improves navigation accuracy and real-time geological information acquisition capabilities. The GPS module provides accurate location information to ensure that the shield machine always remains on the predetermined track during long-distance excavation, and combined with the inertial navigation system, it further improves positioning accuracy and stability. The rangefinder is used to measure the distance and angle of obstacles and geological structures ahead in real time, providing key data support for the shield machine so that it can accurately adjust the excavation path. The geological radar scans the geological structure ahead in real time and provides real-time geological profiles. Based on this information, operators can predict geological changes in advance and adjust excavation strategies in a timely manner to ensure construction safety and efficiency.

[0054] 3. Through the application of wear monitoring device and WiFi module, the shield machine of the utility model realizes real-time monitoring and data transmission of cutter disc wear. The wear monitoring device is installed at the key part of the cutter disc, collects wear data in real time, and transmits the data to the control center through the WiFi module. The operator can view the wear of the cutter disc in real time through the monitoring software and make maintenance decisions based on the data. This not only allows timely replacement and maintenance before the cutter disc is excessively worn, reducing the risk of unexpected downtime and equipment failure, but also optimizes the design and use strategy of the cutter disc according to the wear data, extending the service life of the tool.

[0055] The following is the workflow of this utility model:

[0056] 1. Startup and preparation

[0057] 1.1 Check the equipment: The operator first checks all parts of the shield machine, including the hydraulic cylinder, slide rail, controller, angle sensor, GPS module, rangefinder, geological radar, wear monitoring device and WiFi module to ensure that all equipment is in normal working condition.

[0058] 1.2 System startup: Start the control system of the shield machine, initialize each sensor and actuator, and ensure that all systems start normally.

[0059] 1.3 Excavation process

[0060] 2. Hydraulic cylinder controls the extension and retraction of the cutter disc: According to the geological conditions and excavation requirements, the control system instructs the hydraulic cylinder to adjust the extension and retraction position of the cutter disc to adapt to different geological conditions.

[0061] 2.1 The slide rail guides the cutter disc to move: The cutter disc moves smoothly and accurately under the guidance of the slide rail, ensuring the continuity and efficiency of the cutting process.

[0062] 2.2 Real-time monitoring and adjustment: The angle sensor monitors the angle changes of the cutter disc in real time, and the control system makes dynamic adjustments based on the angle data to ensure that the cutter disc is always at the optimal cutting angle.

[0063] 3. Navigation and geological monitoring

[0064] 3.1GPS positioning: The GPS module provides real-time location information of the shield machine and combines with the inertial navigation system to ensure the accuracy of the excavation path.

[0065] 3.2 Rangefinder measurement: The rangefinder measures the distance and angle of obstacles and geological structures ahead in real time, providing key data support.

[0066] 3.3 Geological radar scanning: Geological radar scans the geological structure ahead in real time, generates geological profiles, and assists operators in predicting geological changes and adjusting excavation strategies.

[0067] 4. Wear monitoring and data transmission

[0068] 4.1 Real-time monitoring: The wear monitoring device collects the wear data of the cutter disc in real time and transmits it to the control center through the WiFi module.

[0069] 4.2 Data Analysis: Operators use monitoring software to check the wear of the cutter disc and make maintenance decisions based on the data to ensure that the cutter disc is replaced or maintained in time before excessive wear occurs.

[0070] 4.3 Log Recording: The system automatically records equipment operation and maintenance logs, providing detailed maintenance records and data analysis.

[0071] The following is the operating instructions of this utility model:

[0072] 1. Precautions for safe operation

[0073] 1.1 Inspection before operation: The operator must check all parts before starting the equipment each time to ensure that there is no looseness, damage or other abnormal conditions.

[0074] 1.2 Wear protective gear: Operators must wear appropriate protective gear including helmets, gloves and safety boots when working.

[0075] 1.3 Emergency Stop: Be familiar with the location and usage of the emergency stop device, and quickly stop the equipment in an emergency.

[0076] 2. Startup steps

[0077] 2.1 Check the power supply and hydraulic system: Make sure the power supply connection is normal and the hydraulic system pressure is appropriate.

[0078] 2.2 Start the control system: Turn on the control system, perform initialization operations, and check the status of each sensor and actuator.

[0079] 2.3 Start GPS, rangefinder and geological radar: Start the GPS module, rangefinder and geological radar respectively to ensure that all navigation and geological monitoring equipment are working properly.

[0080] 3. Operation steps

[0081] 3.1 Set excavation parameters: Set the telescopic range, cutting angle and excavation speed of the cutter disc according to construction requirements.

[0082] 3.2 Start excavation: Start the hydraulic cylinder to control the extension and movement of the cutter disc, and the slide rail guides the cutter disc for smooth cutting.

[0083] 3.3 Real-time monitoring: The operator monitors the angle and position of the cutter disc through the control system and makes adjustments when necessary.

[0084] 3.4 Navigation and geological monitoring: Check the data of GPS positioning, rangefinder and geological radar in real time to ensure the accuracy of the excavation path.

[0085] 4. Maintenance and care

[0086] 4.1 Regular inspection: Regularly check key components such as hydraulic cylinders, slide rails, controllers, angle sensors, etc. to ensure their normal operation.

[0087] 4.2 Cleaning and lubrication: Clean and lubricate the slide rails and hydraulic cylinders regularly to prevent dust and debris from affecting equipment operation.

[0088] 4.3 Replace worn parts: According to the data from the wear monitoring device, replace the severely worn cutter disc in time to ensure the cutting efficiency and safety of the equipment.

[0089] 4.4 Record maintenance logs: Record maintenance logs after each maintenance, detailing the maintenance content and problems found to provide reference for subsequent maintenance.

[0090] The following are the parameters of this utility model:

[0091] The above shows and describes the basic principle and main features of the utility model and the advantages of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the utility model is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principle of the utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the utility model to be protected. The scope of protection claimed by the utility model is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A shield machine excavation device using a retractable movable cutterhead, comprising a main body (1), characterized in that: A shield machine excavator (2) is installed above the main body (1), a slide rail (3) is installed below the shield machine excavator (2), a distance meter (4) is installed outside the shield machine excavator (2), a cutterhead (5) is installed inside the main body (1), an angle sensor (6) is installed above the cutterhead (5), a hydraulic cylinder (7) is installed above the main body (1), a controller (8) is installed inside the main body (1), and a geological radar (9) is installed outside the controller (8).

2. The shield machine excavation device using a retractable movable cutterhead according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A GPS module (10) is installed above the main body (1), a WiFi module (11) is installed above the main body (1), and a wear monitoring device (12) is installed above the main body (1).

3. The shield machine excavation device using a retractable movable cutterhead according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The exterior of the main body (1) is designed with rounded corners.

4. The shield machine excavation device using a retractable movable cutterhead according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shield machine excavator (2) has eight parts fixed on the top of the main body (1) through internal shafts.

5. The shield machine excavation device using a retractable movable cutterhead according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hydraulic cylinder (7) is fixed above the shield machine excavator (2) by means of bolts.

6. The shield machine excavation device using a retractable movable cutterhead according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The slide rail (3) can control the shield machine excavator (2) to slide vertically.

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