Variable-load total-radial heat-insulating conversion furnace
By designing multiple axial catalyst frames in the adiabatic transformation reactor and adopting a full radial intake method, the problems of catalyst deactivation and high gas flow resistance during low load operation of the traditional adiabatic transformation reactor are solved, and efficient load control and large-scale capabilities are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421433876.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-21
AI Technical Summary
When the traditional adiabatic transformation reactor is running at low load, due to excessive catalyst, the temperature of the reaction bed is too high, causing the catalyst to be deactivated. At the same time, the sectional intake method has the problem of high air flow resistance and cannot be large-scale.
A variable load fully radial adiabatic conversion furnace is designed. By distributing multiple axial catalyst frames in the outer cylinder and adopting an independent all radial intake method, segmented air intake is realized, and the outlet temperature of the air outlet is controlled to avoid catalyst overtemperature.
It effectively avoids catalyst deactivation, reduces airflow resistance, improves single furnace capacity, is easy to scale, and achieves flexible operation under different loads.
Smart Images
Figure CN222842060U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to a variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace. Background Art
[0002] The conventional high CO feed gas conversion reactor is an adiabatic shift reactor, and the catalyst dosage in the reactor is usually designed according to 100% load. When the adiabatic shift reactor is operated at a low load, the excess catalyst will cause the reaction bed temperature to be too high, resulting in catalyst deactivation.
[0003] In the related art, the reactor is configured to adopt a segmented (≥ two segments) air intake method to control the outlet temperature of the adiabatic shift reactor and avoid catalyst overheating, but there are problems such as high airflow resistance and inability to scale up. Utility Model Content
[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace to address the problems of high air flow resistance and inability to scale up the reactor using segmented air intake in the related technology.
[0005] A variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace, comprising:
[0006] an outer cylinder having a plurality of air inlets;
[0007] A plurality of catalyst frames are sequentially distributed in the outer cylinder along the axial direction of the outer cylinder; an annular gap is formed between each catalyst frame and the outer cylinder, each air inlet is connected to a corresponding annular gap, and the outer periphery of each catalyst frame has a plurality of radial communication holes connected to the corresponding annular gap;
[0008] An air collecting pipe, one end of which extends into all the catalyst frames and is communicated with the interior of all the catalyst frames, and the other end of which is provided with an air outlet.
[0009] In one embodiment, the catalyst frames are used to fill catalysts; and at least two catalyst frames among all the catalyst frames have different filling volumes.
[0010] In one embodiment, there are two catalyst frames, wherein the filling volume of one catalyst frame accounts for 60% of the filling volume of all catalyst frames, and wherein the filling volume of the other catalyst frame accounts for 40% of the filling volume of all catalyst frames.
[0011] In one embodiment, along the vertical direction, the catalyst frame whose filling volume accounts for 40% of the filling volume of the entire catalyst frame is located above the catalyst frame whose filling volume accounts for 60% of the filling volume of the entire catalyst frame.
[0012] In one embodiment, the outer cylinder includes a cylinder body, an upper head and a lower head, and the upper head and the lower head are respectively connected to two ends of the cylinder body along the axial direction thereof;
[0013] One of the air inlets is arranged on the upper end cover and communicated with the annular gap close to the upper end cover, and the other air inlet is arranged on the lower end cover and communicated with the annular gap close to the lower end cover.
[0014] In one of the embodiments, the variable load full radial adiabatic shift furnace further includes a plurality of control valves and controllers;
[0015] Each control valve is arranged at a corresponding air inlet, and is used to control the opening or closing of the corresponding air inlet;
[0016] The controller is connected to all control valves for communication, and is used to control each control valve to open or close the corresponding air inlet in response to the current load operation instruction.
[0017] In one of the embodiments, the variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace further includes a pressure difference detector, which is used to detect the pressure difference between the air inlet and the air outlet.
[0018] In one embodiment, two adjacent catalyst frames are separated by a partition plate, and one end of the gas collecting pipe is penetrated by the partition plate.
[0019] In one embodiment, a catalyst inlet hole is formed on the partition plate, and a cover body capable of opening or closing the catalyst inlet hole is formed on the partition plate.
[0020] In one of the embodiments, the variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace further includes a plurality of branch pipes, one end of each branch pipe is connected to a corresponding air inlet, and the other ends of each branch pipe are connected to each other.
[0021] The above-mentioned variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace, since it is provided with a plurality of axially distributed catalyst frames, and each catalyst frame adopts an independent air intake method, thus realizing a segmented (≥ two-stage) air intake method, can effectively control the outlet temperature of the gas outlet and avoid catalyst overheating. Specifically, the adiabatic conversion furnace in the related art is designed for catalyst dosage according to 100% load. When operating at low load, the reaction bed temperature is too high due to excess catalyst, causing the catalyst to deactivate. In the embodiment of the present application, since each catalyst frame adopts an independent air intake method, when low load operation is required, at least one catalyst frame can be selected for air intake, and when operating at full load, all catalyst frames can be allowed to intake air. In this way, catalyst deactivation can be avoided.
[0022] Furthermore, since each catalyst frame adopts a fully radial air intake method, that is, each section adopts a fully radial air intake method, air flow resistance is reduced, and the aspect ratio is large, the single furnace capacity is large, and large-scale production is easy to achieve. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace in one or more embodiments of the present application.
[0024] Reference numerals:
[0025] A variable load full radial adiabatic converter 100, an outer cylinder 10, an air inlet 11, a cylinder body 12, an upper head 13, a lower head 14, a catalyst frame 20, a gas collecting pipe 30, an air port 31, a partition plate 40, a catalyst inlet hole 41, a cover body 50, and an annular gap AA. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0027] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.
[0028] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0029] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0030] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if there is a description that a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, etc., or similar descriptions appear, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
[0031] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.
[0032] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace in an embodiment of the present application is shown. The variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application includes an outer tube 10, a plurality of catalyst frames 20 and a gas collecting pipe 30.
[0033] The outer cylinder 10 has a plurality of air inlets 11, and a plurality of catalyst frames 20 are sequentially distributed in the outer cylinder 10 along the axial direction of the outer cylinder 10. An annular gap AA is formed between each catalyst frame 20 and the outer cylinder 10, and each air inlet 11 is connected to a corresponding annular gap AA. The outer periphery of each catalyst frame 20 has a plurality of radial communication holes connected to the corresponding annular gap AA. One end of the air collecting pipe 30 extends into all the catalyst frames 20 and is connected to the interior of all the catalyst frames 20, and the other end of the air collecting pipe 30 has an air outlet 31.
[0034] The air inlet 11 referred to here is the unreacted gas inlet. In the embodiment of the present application, the variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace of the present application can be applicable to a reactor for converting high CO raw gas. Therefore, the unreacted gas can be a high CO raw gas. Specifically, the CO content in the high CO raw gas is greater than 40%.
[0035] The gas outlet 31 referred to here is the outlet of the reaction gas after the unreacted gas is reacted.
[0036] The catalyst frame 20 may be filled with a catalyst. The catalysts should be filled independently between the above-mentioned multiple catalyst frames 20, and the catalytic reactions in each catalyst frame 20 should be independent of each other.
[0037] The annular gap AA refers to the gap formed between the outer wall of the catalyst frame 20 and the outer cylinder 10 along the circumferential direction. Since the air inlet 11 is connected to the annular gap AA, the unreacted gas can be transferred along the outer periphery of the catalyst frame 20, and then radially enter the catalyst frame 20 through the radial communication holes on the outer periphery of the catalyst frame 20.
[0038] The gas collecting pipe 30 can collect the reaction gas after the catalytic reaction. Since the gas collecting pipe 30 of the embodiment of the present application is connected with all the catalyst frames 20, the reaction gas in all the catalyst frames 20 can be collected by the gas collecting pipe 30 and then discharged from the gas outlet 31.
[0039] The variable load full radial adiabatic converter 100 in the embodiment of the present application is provided with a plurality of axially distributed catalyst frames 20, and each catalyst frame 20 adopts an independent air intake method, thus realizing a segmented (≥ two-segment) air intake method, which can effectively control the outlet temperature of the gas outlet 31 and avoid catalyst overheating. Specifically, the adiabatic converter in the related art is designed for catalyst dosage according to 100% load. When operating at low load, the reaction bed temperature is too high due to excessive catalyst, resulting in catalyst deactivation. In the embodiment of the present application, since each catalyst frame 20 adopts an independent air intake method, when low load operation is required, at least one catalyst frame 20 can be selected for air intake, and when operating at full load, all catalyst frames 20 can be allowed to intake air. In this way, catalyst deactivation can be avoided.
[0040] Furthermore, since each catalyst frame 20 adopts a fully radial air intake method, that is, each section adopts a fully radial air intake method, air flow resistance is reduced, and the aspect ratio is large, the single furnace capacity is large, and large-scale production is easy to achieve.
[0041] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, at least two catalyst frames 20 among all the catalyst frames 20 have different filling volumes.
[0042] The filling volume referred to here refers to the volume of the catalyst frame 20 that can actually be filled with the catalyst.
[0043] Since each catalyst frame 20 can take in air independently, when the filling volumes of at least two catalyst frames 20 among all the catalyst frames 20 are different, any catalyst frame 20 can be selected for operation to realize the operation of the conversion furnace under different low loads, thereby improving the applicability of the variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace 100.
[0044] Optionally, there are two catalyst frames 20 , wherein the filling volume of one catalyst frame 20 accounts for 60% of the filling volume of all catalyst frames 20 , and wherein the filling volume of another catalyst frame 20 accounts for 40% of the filling volume of all catalyst frames 20 .
[0045] Specifically, the filling volume of the catalyst frame 20 located above the outer cylinder 10 in the vertical direction accounts for 40% of the filling volume of the entire catalyst frame 20 , and the filling volume of the catalyst frame 20 located below the outer cylinder 10 in the vertical direction accounts for 60% of the filling volume of the entire catalyst frame 20 .
[0046] When the variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace 100 just starts to operate, it can be operated at low load, that is, only the upper catalyst frame 20 with a filling volume accounting for 40% of the filling volume of all catalyst frames 20 is operated. At this time, it can avoid the situation that the equipment is not adjusted properly under full load operation, resulting in unqualified reaction gas and the need to be completely emptied. After the variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace 100 operates stably, it can be operated at full load, that is, both the upper catalyst frame 20 and the lower catalyst frame 20 are operated to improve production efficiency.
[0047] Based on the above, the variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace 100 of the embodiment of the present application can achieve the following three load operations:
[0048] When the shift converter is operated at 40% low load, the gas is fed from the upper reaction section, and the lower reaction section is closed, that is, only the gas inlet 11 of the upper catalyst frame 20 is fed, and the gas inlet 11 of the lower catalyst frame 20 is closed;
[0049] When the shift converter is operated at 60% low load, the gas is fed from the lower reaction section, and the upper reaction section is closed, that is, only the air inlet 11 of the lower catalyst frame 20 is fed, and the air inlet 11 of the upper catalyst frame 20 is closed;
[0050] When the converter is running at 100% full load, the gas is simultaneously introduced from the upper reaction section and the lower reaction section, that is, from the air inlet 11 of the upper catalyst frame 20 and from the air inlet 11 of the lower catalyst frame 20 .
[0051] In some embodiments, the variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace 100 further includes a plurality of control valves and a controller, each control valve being disposed at a corresponding air inlet 11, and being used to control the opening or closing of the corresponding air inlet 11. The controller is adjacent to all control valves in communication, and is used to control the control valve to open or close the corresponding air inlet 11 in response to the current load operation instruction.
[0052] In this way, the control valve can be controlled to open or close the corresponding air inlet 11 according to the current load operation requirement of the variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace 100, so as to realize automatic operation under different loads.
[0053] Specifically, the control valve may be a solenoid valve.
[0054] In some embodiments, the variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace 100 further includes a pressure difference detector, which is used to detect the pressure difference values between all the air inlets 11 and the air outlets 31 .
[0055] In the present application, the pressure difference of the variable load full radial adiabatic converter 100 is usually controlled within a range of no more than 30 kPa. By setting a pressure difference detector to monitor the pressure difference between all air inlets 11 and air outlets 31, the design of the variable load full radial adiabatic converter 100 can be adjusted in time.
[0056] In some embodiments, the variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace 100 includes a plurality of branch pipes, one end of each branch pipe is connected to a corresponding air inlet 11, and the other ends of each branch pipe are connected to each other.
[0057] In this way, the air intake of each air inlet 11 can be made independent through the branch pipe, and by setting the other end of each branch pipe to be connected to each other, when the pressure difference detector is used to monitor the pressure difference between all the air inlets 11 and the air outlets 31, the pressure difference detector can be connected to one end that is connected to each other, thereby simplifying the connection method.
[0058] In some embodiments, the outer cylinder 10 includes a cylinder body 12, an upper head 13 and a lower head 14, and the upper head 13 and the lower head 14 are respectively connected to the two ends of the cylinder body 12 along the axial direction thereof. One of the air inlets 11 is provided on the upper head 13 and communicates with the annular gap AA near the upper head 14, and the other air inlet 11 is provided on the lower head 14 and communicates with the annular gap AA near the lower head 14.
[0059] By arranging the air inlet 11 on the upper head 13 and the lower head 14 respectively, the arrangement of the air inlet 11 can be simplified.
[0060] Specifically, one end of the gas collecting pipe 30 having the gas outlet 31 passes through the lower head 14 , and an air intake gap is formed between the gas collecting pipe 30 and the lower head 14 , and the air intake 11 is communicated with the air intake gap.
[0061] In some embodiments, two connected catalyst frames 20 are separated by a partition plate 40 .
[0062] By providing the partition plate, the catalyst frames 20 can be partitioned to make the catalyst frames 20 independent from each other. The partition plate has a simple structure and can be easily provided in the outer tube 10 .
[0063] Furthermore, a partition plate 40 is provided at one end of the gas collecting pipe 30. In this way, the partition plate 40 can avoid blocking the gas collecting pipe 30, so that the gas collecting pipe 30 can extend into the catalyst frame 20 above to collect gas.
[0064] Specifically, the partition plate is annular, the outer ring edge of the annular partition plate 40 is circumferentially connected to the inner wall of the outer tube 10, the gas collecting pipe 30 passes through the inner ring of the annular partition plate 40, and the inner ring edge of the annular partition plate 40 is circumferentially connected to the outer wall of the gas collecting pipe 30.
[0065] In some embodiments, a catalyst inlet hole 41 is formed on the partition plate 40 , and a cover 50 is provided on the partition plate 40 for opening or closing the catalyst inlet hole 41 .
[0066] In this way, the catalyst inlet hole 41 can be opened by operating the cover body 50, and the catalyst can be filled into the lower catalyst frame 20. At the same time, the catalyst in the upper catalyst frame 20 can be unloaded to the lower catalyst frame 20 through the catalyst inlet hole 41, and then the catalyst can be unloaded from the lower catalyst frame 20. When it is not necessary to open the catalyst hole 41, the catalyst inlet hole 41 can be closed by operating the cover body 50, so that each catalyst frame 20 remains independent.
[0067] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0068] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.
Claims
1. A variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace, characterized in that: include: an outer cylinder having a plurality of air inlets; A plurality of catalyst frames are sequentially distributed in the outer cylinder along the axial direction of the outer cylinder; An annular gap is formed between each of the catalyst frames and the outer cylinder, each of the air inlets is connected to a corresponding annular gap, and the outer periphery of each of the catalyst frames has a plurality of radial communication holes connected to the corresponding annular gap; An air collecting pipe, one end of which extends into all the catalyst frames and is communicated with the interior of all the catalyst frames, and the other end of which is provided with an air outlet.
2. The variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalyst frames are used to fill catalysts; and at least two of the catalyst frames have different filling volumes.
3. The variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are two catalyst frames, wherein the filling volume of one catalyst frame accounts for 60% of the filling volume of all catalyst frames, and wherein the filling volume of another catalyst frame accounts for 40% of the filling volume of all catalyst frames.
4. The variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In the vertical direction, the catalyst frame whose filling volume accounts for 40% of the filling volume of the entire catalyst frame is located above the catalyst frame whose filling volume accounts for 60% of the filling volume of the entire catalyst frame.
5. The variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer cylinder comprises a cylinder body, an upper end cap and a lower end cap, wherein the upper end cap and the lower end cap are respectively connected to two ends of the cylinder body along the axial direction thereof; One of the air inlets is disposed on the upper head and communicated with the annular gap close to the upper head, and the other of the air inlets is disposed on the lower head and communicated with the annular gap close to the lower head.
6. The variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace also includes a plurality of control valves and a controller; Each of the control valves is disposed at a corresponding air inlet, and is used to control the opening or closing of the corresponding air inlet; The controller is communicatively connected with all the control valves, and is used for controlling each control valve to open or close the corresponding air inlet in response to a current load operation instruction.
7. The variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace further comprises a pressure difference detector, which is used to detect the pressure difference values between all the air inlets and the air outlets.
8. The variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two adjacent catalyst frames are separated by a partition plate, and one end of the air collecting pipe is penetrated by the partition plate.
9. The variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that: The partition plate is provided with a catalyst inlet hole, and the partition plate is provided with a cover body which can open or close the catalyst inlet hole.
10. The variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable load full radial adiabatic conversion furnace further comprises a plurality of branch pipes, one end of each branch pipe being connected to a corresponding air inlet, and the other end of each branch pipe being connected to each other.