Apple grading and screening device
By designing an Apple grading screening device combining the mobile coordination of the first screen layer, the second screen layer and the screen plate, the existing Apple grading machinery is inefficient and poor grading accuracy is solved, and Apple's efficient automated screening and accurate screening of four specifications are realized.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421222268.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-31
AI Technical Summary
The existing Apple grading machinery is inefficient, has poor grading accuracy and consistency, and multiple specification screening requires repeated multiple times, resulting in a slow screening process.
An Apple hierarchical screening device was designed, and three-level screening was performed through the mobile coordination of the first screen layer, the second screen layer and the screening plate, allowing Apple to perform four different specifications of screening, shortening the screening process and improving the efficiency of automated screening.
It has achieved efficient automated screening by Apple, shortened the screening process, improved the accuracy and consistency of grading, and improved the continuity of work.
Smart Images
Figure CN222842501U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an apple grading and screening device. Background Art
[0002] In the fruit industry, grading and screening of fruits is an important post-processing process. As a widely consumed fruit, apples are usually graded based on their size, weight, etc., in order to ensure the uniformity of apples in the market and the selectivity of consumers.
[0003] Traditionally, apple grading relies heavily on manual operations, where workers need to manually assign the fruit to different grade categories using grading templates based on experience and standards. This method is not only inefficient, but also has poor grading accuracy and consistency.
[0004] Existing automated apple grading machines usually use technologies such as weighing and image recognition. When grading large quantities of apples, the individual fruits need to be inspected one by one during the weighing and recognition process, resulting in a slow screening process. In addition, existing automated apple grading machines also use mechanical screening, but it can only perform a single screening. The screening work for apples of various specifications needs to be repeated many times, which will greatly lengthen the screening process.
[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an apple grading and screening device to solve the problems in the above-mentioned background technology. Utility Model Content
[0006] In response to the above problems, the present application provides an apple grading and screening device, which performs three-level screening through the movement and coordination of the first sieve layer, the second sieve layer and the screening plate, so that apples can be screened into four different specifications, greatly shortening the screening process and thereby improving the efficiency of automated screening of apples.
[0007] To achieve the purpose of this application, this application provides the following technical solutions:
[0008] The present application provides an apple grading and screening device, comprising: a prefabricated rail, a first screen layer, and a second screen layer, wherein the prefabricated rail is fixedly arranged on the ground, and a screen frame is movably arranged on the upper end of the prefabricated rail, and the screen frame is divided into at least four layers, and a first screen layer and a second screen layer which can slide horizontally left and right are arranged from top to bottom in the screen frame, respectively, a first screen hole is opened on the first screen layer, and a second screen hole and a third screen hole are opened on the second screen layer, the apertures of the first screen hole, the second screen hole and the third screen hole are gradually reduced, and a sub-screen plate which can slide horizontally forward and backward and is arranged in the screen frame is also arranged at the lower end of the second screen layer.
[0009] In a possible implementation, a draw layer and an auxiliary draw layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in the screen retaining frame located at the lower end of the second screen layer.
[0010] In a possible implementation, a crankshaft group is rotatably arranged on the right side of the screen retaining frame, and the crankshaft group is eccentrically rotatably arranged on a rotating wheel, and the rotating wheel is fixed to the output end of the screening motor.
[0011] In a possible implementation, limit plates are rotatably provided at both the front and rear ends of the screen retaining frame.
[0012] In a possible implementation, the first screen layer includes: a first screen plate, which can be laterally slidably arranged in the screen retaining frame, a plurality of the first screen holes are evenly opened at the bottom of the first screen plate, and a first handle is fixedly arranged on the left side of the first screen plate.
[0013] In a possible implementation, the second screen layer includes: a second screen plate, which can be laterally slidably arranged in the screen retaining frame, a plurality of the second screen holes and the third screen holes are evenly opened at the bottom of the second screen plate, and a second handle is fixedly arranged on the left side of the second screen plate.
[0014] In a possible implementation, the bottom of the second sieve plate is divided into two areas along the left and right midlines, a plurality of the second sieve holes are evenly arranged in one area, and a plurality of the third sieve holes are evenly arranged in the other area.
[0015] In a possible implementation, the width of the front and rear sides of the sub-screening plate is half of that of the second screen plate, and a limit handle is provided on the front side of the sub-screening plate.
[0016] In a possible implementation, the apertures of the first sieve hole, the second sieve hole, and the third sieve hole decrease step by step from 5 mm to 6 mm.
[0017] In a possible implementation, the first screen layer, the second screen layer, the draw layer and the auxiliary draw layer limiting components are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the screen retaining frame.
[0018] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0019] 1. During the rotation of the screening motor of the utility model, the first screen layer first performs primary screening on the apples, and then the second screen layer and the screening plate cooperate to perform secondary screening on the apples with smaller specifications, and then the second screen layer and the screening plate move and cooperate to perform tertiary screening on the apples, thereby enabling the apples to be screened into four specifications, shortening the screening process and improving the efficiency of automatic screening of apples.
[0020] 2. The utility model can collect relatively small-sized apples through the draw layer first, and after the draw layer is full, the auxiliary draw layer can be used to replace the draw layer to collect smaller-sized apples, which is beneficial to improving the continuity of the screening work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the present application and do not constitute a limitation to the present application.
[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;
[0023] Figure 2 It is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of A in the utility model;
[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first screen layer in the utility model;
[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first screen layer in the utility model;
[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the middle screen plate of the utility model;
[0027] Figure numerals: 1. prefabricated rail; 2. screen retaining frame; 3. first screen layer; 4. second screen layer; 5. drawing layer; 6. auxiliary drawing layer; 7. sub-screen plate; 8. screening motor; 9. crankshaft group; 21. limiting plate; 31. first screen plate; 32. first handle; 33. first screen hole; 41. second screen plate; 42. second handle; 43. second screen hole; 44. third screen hole; 71. limiting handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solution in this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0029] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features; in the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is three or more.
[0030] Figure 1-5 An apple grading and screening device provided in an embodiment of the present application comprises: a prefabricated rail 1, a first screen layer 3, and a second screen layer 4, wherein the prefabricated rail 1 is fixedly arranged on the ground, and a screen frame 2 is movably arranged on the upper end of the prefabricated rail 1, and the screen frame 2 is divided into at least four layers, and a first screen layer 3 and a second screen layer 4 which can slide horizontally left and right are arranged from top to bottom in the screen frame 2, a first screen hole 33 is opened in the first screen layer 3, and a second screen hole 43 and a third screen hole 44 are opened in the second screen layer 4, the apertures of the first screen hole 33, the second screen hole 43 and the third screen hole 44 decrease step by step, and a sub-screen plate 7 which can slide horizontally forward and backward and is arranged in the screen frame 2 is also provided at the lower end of the second screen layer 4.
[0031] Based on the above scheme, the first sieve layer 3 can perform a primary screening on the apples, and when the sieve plate 7 is moved to the lower end of the second sieve hole 43, secondary screening can be performed, and when the sieve plate 7 is moved to the lower end of the third sieve hole 44, tertiary screening can be performed, thereby classifying the apples into four specifications.
[0032] In one possible implementation, a drawing layer 5 and an auxiliary drawing layer 6 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in the screen retaining frame 2 located at the lower end of the second screen layer 4. The drawing layer 5 and the auxiliary drawing layer 6 can be used alternately to collect apples, which can effectively ensure the continuity of the screening work of small-sized apples.
[0033] In one possible implementation, a crankshaft group 9 is rotatably arranged on the right side of the screen retaining frame 2. The crankshaft group 9 is eccentrically rotatably arranged on a rotating wheel. The rotating wheel is fixed to the output end of a screening motor 8. When the screening motor 8 rotates, the screen retaining frame 2, the first screen layer 3, the second screen layer 4, the drawing layer 5 and the auxiliary drawing layer 6 are combined together and reciprocate on the prefabricated rail 1, so that the apples can be screened according to specifications during the rolling process.
[0034] See also Figure 2 In a possible implementation, the front and rear ends of the screen retaining frame 2 are rotatably provided with limit plates 21, and the limit plates 21 can limit the front and rear directions of the sub-screen plate 7 so that it is always under the second screen hole 43 or the third screen hole 44.
[0035] See also Figure 3 In one possible implementation, the first sieve layer 3 includes: a first sieve plate 31, which can be laterally slidably arranged in the sieve retaining frame 2, a plurality of first sieve holes 33 are evenly arranged at the bottom of the first sieve plate 31, and a first handle 32 is fixedly arranged on the left side of the first sieve plate 31.
[0036] Based on the above solution, the apples screened by the first sieve holes 33 can be removed from the sieve frame 2 by a device or manually through the first handle 32, and the screened apples can be collected.
[0037] See also Figure 4 In one possible implementation, the second screen layer 4 includes: a second screen plate 41, which can be laterally slidably arranged in the screen retaining frame 2, and a plurality of second screen holes 43 and third screen holes 44 are evenly opened at the bottom of the second screen plate 41, and a second handle 42 is fixedly arranged on the left side of the second screen plate 41.
[0038] Based on the above solution, the apples screened by the third sieve holes 44 can be removed from the sieve frame 2 by a device or manually through the second handle 42, and the screened apples can be collected.
[0039] In a possible implementation, the bottom of the second sieve plate 41 is divided into two areas along the left and right midlines, one of the areas is evenly provided with a plurality of the second sieve holes 43 , and the other area is evenly provided with a plurality of the third sieve holes 44 .
[0040] In a possible implementation, the width of the sub-screening plate 7 at the front and rear sides is half of the width of the second screen plate 41 , and a limit handle 71 is provided on the front side of the sub-screening plate 7 .
[0041] That is, when the limit handle 71 is used to move the sub-sieve plate 7 to the lower end of the second sieve hole 43, and the limit plate 21 is used to limit the sub-sieve plate 7, at this time the sub-sieve plate 7 blocks the second sieve hole 43, and the apples will fall along the third sieve hole 44; when the limit handle 71 is used to move the sub-sieve plate 7 to the lower end of the third sieve hole 44, and the limit plate 21 is used to limit the sub-sieve plate 7, at this time the sub-sieve plate 7 blocks the third sieve hole 44, and the apples will fall along the second sieve hole 43.
[0042] In a possible implementation, the apertures of the first sieve hole 33 , the second sieve hole 43 , and the third sieve hole 44 decrease in size from 5 mm to 6 mm.
[0043] It needs to be explained that apples need to be screened according to the diameter size of local growing conditions. For example, they can usually be divided into the following grades: special grade fruit: diameter greater than or equal to a certain size (such as 80mm or larger); first grade fruit: diameter slightly smaller than special grade fruit (such as between 75mm and 80mm); second grade fruit: diameter is further reduced but still within an acceptable range (such as 70mm to 75mm); second grade fruit: relatively small diameter (such as below 70mm), etc.
[0044] Based on the above scheme, the apertures of the first sieve hole 33, the second sieve hole 43 and the third sieve hole 44 should match the diameters of apples in different ranges. Through the movement and coordination of the first sieve hole 33, the second sieve hole 43 and the third sieve hole 44 and the sub-sieve plate 7, the apples can be divided into four specifications. Taking the special-grade fruit, the first-grade fruit, the second-grade fruit and the second-grade fruit as examples, the apples of the first specification correspond to the special-grade fruit, the apples of the second specification are the first-grade fruit, the apples of the third specification are the second-grade fruit, and the apples of the fourth specification are the second-grade fruit.
[0045] That is, the apples to be screened are transferred to the first sieve layer 3, and then the sub-sieve plate 7 is moved to the lower end of the second sieve hole 43, the sub-sieve plate 7 is fixed by the limit plate 21, and the screening motor 8 is turned on. During the rotation of the screening motor 8, the screen retaining frame 2 moves back and forth on the prefabricated rail 1, and the special-grade fruits are retained in the first sieve plate 31, the first-grade fruits and the second-grade fruits are retained in the second sieve plate 41, and the second-grade fruits enter the drawing layer 5 along the third sieve hole 44. After the drawing layer 5 is full of second-grade fruits, the drawing layer 5 is pulled out and the auxiliary drawing layer 6 is used to collect the second-grade fruits again. After the second-grade fruits are collected; the sub-sieve plate 7 is moved to the lower end of the third sieve hole 44, the sub-sieve plate 7 is fixed by the limit plate 21, the second-grade fruits enter the drawing layer 5 along the third sieve hole 44, and the first-grade fruits are retained in the second sieve plate 41. After the drawing layer 5 is full of second-grade fruits, the drawing layer 5 is pulled out and the auxiliary drawing layer 6 is used to collect the second-grade fruits, which is beneficial to improve the continuity of the screening work.
[0046] In one possible implementation, limiting components of the first screen layer 3, the second screen layer 4, the draw layer 5 and the auxiliary draw layer 6 are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the screen retaining frame 2 to prevent the first screen layer 3, the second screen layer 4, the draw layer 5 and the auxiliary draw layer 6 from escaping from the screen retaining frame 2 during the rotation of the screening motor 8.
[0047] In the specific implementation, the apples are transferred to the first sieve layer 3, and the sub-sieve plate 7 is moved to the lower end of the second sieve hole 43 and fixed with the limit plate 21, and the sieving motor 8 is turned on. Under the action of the sieving motor 8, the apples of the first specification are retained in the first sieve plate 31, the apples of the second and third specifications are retained in the second sieve plate 41, and the apples of the fourth specification enter the drawing layer 5 along the third sieve hole 44. After the drawing layer 5 is filled with apples of this specification, the drawing layer 5 is withdrawn and the apples of this specification are collected using the auxiliary drawing layer 6, and the cycle continues. The drawer 5 and the auxiliary drawer 6 are used in a loop to collect apples of the fourth specification. After the apples of the fourth specification are collected, the sub-sieve plate 7 is moved to the lower end of the third sieve hole 44 and fixed with the limit plate 21. The apples of the third specification enter the drawer 5 along the third sieve hole 44, and the apples of the second specification remain in the second sieve plate 41. After the drawer 5 is filled with apples of this specification, the drawer 5 is removed and the auxiliary drawer 6 is used to collect the apples of this specification. The drawer 5 and the auxiliary drawer 6 are used in a loop to collect apples of the third specification.
[0048] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present application, but not to limit it. The present application is not limited to the exact structure described above and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present application is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present application belongs, various changes and modifications made without departing from the concept of the present application should be deemed to belong to the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. An apple grading and screening device, characterized in that: include: A prefabricated rail (1), a first screen layer (3), and a second screen layer (4), wherein the prefabricated rail (1) is fixedly arranged on the ground, a screen frame (2) is movably arranged at the upper end of the prefabricated rail (1), the screen frame (2) is divided into at least four layers, and a first screen layer (3) and a second screen layer (4) which can slide horizontally left and right are arranged from top to bottom in the screen frame (2), a first screen hole (33) is opened on the first screen layer (3), and a second screen hole (43) and a third screen hole (44) are opened on the second screen layer (4), the apertures of the first screen hole (33), the second screen hole (43) and the third screen hole (44) are gradually reduced, and a sub-screen plate (7) which can slide horizontally forward and backward in the screen frame (2) is also arranged at the lower end of the second screen layer (4).
2. The apple grading and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A draw layer (5) and an auxiliary draw layer (6) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the screen retaining frame (2) located at the lower end of the second screen layer (4).
3. The apple grading and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A crankshaft group (9) is rotatably arranged on the right side of the screen retaining frame (2), and the crankshaft group (9) is eccentrically rotatably arranged on a rotating wheel, and the rotating wheel is fixed to the output end of the screening motor (8).
4. The apple grading and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Limiting plates (21) are rotatably provided at both the front and rear ends of the screen retaining frame (2).
5. The apple grading and screening device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first screen layer (3) comprises: a first screen plate (31), the first screen plate (31) being slidably arranged in the screen retaining frame (2) in a transverse direction, a plurality of first screen holes (33) being evenly arranged at the bottom of the first screen plate (31), and a first handle (32) being fixedly arranged on the left side of the first screen plate (31).
6. The apple grading and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second screen layer (4) comprises: a second screen plate (41), the second screen plate (41) being slidably arranged in the screen retaining frame (2) in a transverse direction, a plurality of second screen holes (43) and third screen holes (44) being evenly arranged at the bottom of the second screen plate (41), and a second handle (42) being fixedly arranged on the left side of the second screen plate (41).
7. The apple grading and screening device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the second sieve plate (41) is divided into two areas along the midlines of the left and right sides, one of the areas having a plurality of the second sieve holes (43) evenly arranged therein, and the other area having a plurality of the third sieve holes (44) evenly arranged therein.
8. The apple grading and screening device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The width of the front and rear sides of the sub-screen plate (7) is half of that of the second screen plate (41), and a limit handle (71) is provided on the front side of the sub-screen plate (7).
9. The apple grading and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The apertures of the first sieve hole (33), the second sieve hole (43) and the third sieve hole (44) are successively reduced from 5 mm to 6 mm.
10. The apple grading and screening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Position limiting components of the first screen layer (3), the second screen layer (4), the draw layer (5) and the auxiliary draw layer (6) are also provided on the left and right sides of the screen retaining frame (2), respectively.