System for preparing green methanol through household garbage incineration power generation

Abstract

According to the system for preparing green methanol through household garbage incineration power generation, the three technologies of household garbage incineration power generation, water electrolysis hydrogen production and carbon dioxide capture are coupled to generate green methanol, and high-value resource utilization of household garbage and green and environment-friendly improvement of the incineration power generation technology are achieved. The garbage incinerator, the waste heat boiler and the flue gas purification device are connected in sequence; the flue gas purification device is connected with the carbon dioxide purification and compression device and the garbage incinerator; the carbon dioxide purification and compression device, the carbon dioxide storage tank and the methanol synthesis device are sequentially connected; the pure water preparation system is connected with the deaerator; the deaerator is connected with the water electrolysis hydrogen production device and the waste heat boiler; the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the hydrogen storage tank, the methanol synthesis device, the rectification separation device and the methanol storage tank are connected in sequence; the steam turbine generator unit is connected with the waste heat boiler and the water electrolysis hydrogen production device; the methanol synthesis device is connected with the waste heat boiler; the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is connected with the garbage incinerator; the rectification separation device is connected with the filter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a system for preparing green methanol by incinerating domestic garbage to generate electricity. Background Art

[0002] Green methanol is a very promising green fuel and raw material. First, as a renewable fuel, methanol can replace traditional fossil energy as a fuel, reduce air pollution and reduce carbon emissions. Secondly, methanol is also an important source of chemical raw materials and can be used as a raw material for manufacturing plastics, fibers, solvents and other products. Finally, methanol can also be used for energy storage and become an important part of the renewable energy field. The existing green methanol production processes are mainly biomass recycling to produce methanol and green electricity to produce hydrogen and then methanol. The production of methanol from biomass recycling depends on biomass gasification technology and a stable supply of a large amount of biomass raw materials, and the cost is relatively high. Conventional green electricity production of green methanol mostly uses wind and solar renewable energy. The process of wind and solar renewable energy has a low degree of coupling with the subsequent methanol production process, and most wind and solar resources are in my country's less developed economic areas. There are difficulties in resource matching and storage, transportation and sales of green methanol products.

[0003] Domestic waste is solid waste generated in daily life and production. It is characterized by large quantity, complex composition and pollution. If it is not properly handled, it will cause harm to environmental hygiene and pollute the environment. Domestic waste incineration is the main way to achieve domestic waste reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization. Domestic waste incineration power generation is also an important supplement to my country's green electricity market. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a system for preparing green methanol by incinerating domestic waste for power generation with a rational structural design. The domestic waste incineration power generation process is coupled with a water electrolysis hydrogen production process and a carbon dioxide capture process to synthesize green methanol, thereby achieving high-value resource utilization of domestic waste and green and environmentally friendly improvement of the domestic waste incineration power generation process.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the above-mentioned problem is: a system for preparing green methanol by incinerating domestic waste for power generation, characterized in that it includes a waste incinerator, a waste heat boiler, a steam turbine generator set, a flue gas purification device, a carbon dioxide purification and compression device, a carbon dioxide storage tank, a pure water preparation system, a deaerator, a water electrolysis hydrogen production device, a hydrogen storage tank, a methanol synthesis device, a distillation separation device and a methanol storage tank; the flue gas outlet of the waste incinerator is connected to the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler; the flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected to the flue gas inlet of the flue gas purification device; the flue gas outlet of the flue gas purification device is connected to the inlet of the carbon dioxide purification and compression device and the oxygen-enriched flue gas inlet of the waste incinerator; the carbon dioxide outlet of the carbon dioxide purification and compression device is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank, and the carbon dioxide outlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the The carbon dioxide inlet of the methanol synthesis device is connected; the pure water preparation system is connected to the water inlet of the deaerator; the water outlet of the deaerator is respectively connected to the water inlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device and the water inlet of the waste heat boiler; the hydrogen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen storage tank; the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen storage tank is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the methanol synthesis device; the crude methanol outlet of the methanol synthesis device is connected to the crude methanol inlet of the distillation separation device; the methanol outlet of the distillation separation device is connected to the methanol storage tank; the steam inlet of the steam turbine generator set is connected to the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler; the steam turbine generator set is connected to the water electrolysis hydrogen production device; the steam inlet of the methanol synthesis device is connected to the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler; the oxygen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is connected to the oxygen-rich flue gas inlet of the waste incinerator; the water outlet of the distillation separation device is connected to the filter.

[0006] The utility model also comprises an air separation device, and the carbon dioxide outlet of the air separation device is connected with the carbon dioxide inlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank.

[0007] The pure water preparation system described in the utility model comprises a filter, an ultrafiltration device, a reverse osmosis device and an EDI device; the water outlet of the filter is connected to the water inlet of the ultrafiltration device; the water outlet of the ultrafiltration device is connected to the water inlet of the reverse osmosis device; the water outlet of the reverse osmosis device is connected to the water inlet of the EDI device; the water outlet of the EDI device is connected to the water inlet of the deaerator

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and effects:

[0009] (1) Make full use of the carbon dioxide produced by waste incineration and the green hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device to achieve negative carbon emissions from the incineration of domestic waste.

[0010] (2) Green methanol is produced by coupling the waste incineration power generation process with the water electrolysis hydrogen production process. The income from waste incineration is converted from low-priced green electricity to green methanol with high economic value, thus achieving high-value utilization of domestic waste.

[0011] (3) The oxygen generated by the electrolytic hydrogen production device is mixed with the purified flue gas and then introduced into the waste incinerator, thereby achieving oxygen-enriched combustion of the waste and improving the incineration efficiency; the carbon dioxide content in the flue gas is increased, and the cost of carbon dioxide purification and compression is reduced; at the same time, the generation of harmful gases such as dioxins in the flue gas is reduced.

[0012] (4) The steam generated by the waste heat boiler provides heat for green methanol synthesis, realizing multi-level utilization of energy and improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0013] (5) The external water supply is processed through a series of treatments to form high-quality pure water. The high-quality pure water is used as the feed water for the waste heat boiler and also as the raw material for the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, which reduces the overall cost of the system and improves the efficiency of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device.

[0014] (6) The water produced by the distillation separation device is connected to the external water supply system, which realizes the recycling of water resources and reduces the system operation cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through examples. The following examples are provided to explain the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0017] The embodiment of the utility model includes a garbage pool 1, a garbage incinerator 2, a waste heat boiler 3, a steam turbine generator set 4, a flue gas purification device 5, a carbon dioxide purification and compression device 6, a carbon dioxide storage tank 7, an air separation device 8, a pure water preparation system, a deaerator 13, an electrolytic water hydrogen production device 14, a hydrogen storage tank 15, a methanol synthesis device 16, a distillation separation device 17 and a methanol storage tank 18.

[0018] A garbage crane is arranged above the garbage pool 1. The garbage incinerator 2 is provided with a garbage feed port, which is arranged above the garbage pool 1, and the garbage pool 1 cooperates with the garbage incinerator 2. The garbage incinerator 2 is provided with a flue gas outlet, and the waste heat boiler 3 is provided with a flue gas inlet, and the flue gas outlet of the garbage incinerator 2 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler 3 through a pipeline. The waste heat boiler 3 is arranged above the garbage incinerator 2. The waste heat boiler 3 is provided with a flue gas outlet, and the flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler 3 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the flue gas purification device 5 through a pipeline; the flue gas purification device 5 is provided with two flue gas outlets, one of which is connected to the inlet of the carbon dioxide purification and compression device 6 through a pipeline, and the other flue gas outlet is connected to the oxygen-enriched flue gas inlet of the garbage incinerator 2 through a pipeline. The carbon dioxide outlet of the carbon dioxide purification and compression device 6 is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank 7 through a pipeline, and the carbon dioxide outlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank 7 is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the methanol synthesis device 16 through a pipeline; the carbon dioxide outlet of the air separation device 8 is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank 7 through a pipeline.

[0019] The pure water preparation system is connected to the water inlet of the deaerator 13 , and the pure water preparation system includes a filter 9 , an ultrafiltration device 10 , a reverse osmosis device 11 and an EDI device 12 . The water outlet of the filter 9 is connected to the water inlet of the ultrafiltration device 10 through a pipeline; the water outlet of the ultrafiltration device 10 is connected to the water inlet of the reverse osmosis device 11 through a pipeline; the water outlet of the reverse osmosis device 11 is connected to the water inlet of the EDI device 12 through a pipeline; the water outlet of the EDI device 12 is connected to the water inlet of the deaerator 13 through a pipeline; the deaerator 13 is provided with two water outlets, one of which is connected to the water inlet of the electrolytic water hydrogen production device 14 through a pipeline, and the other is connected to the water inlet of the waste heat boiler 3 through a pipeline; the hydrogen outlet of the electrolytic water hydrogen production device 14 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen storage tank 15 through a pipeline; the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen storage tank 15 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the methanol synthesis device 16 through a pipeline; the crude methanol outlet of the methanol synthesis device 16 is connected to the crude methanol inlet of the distillation separation device 17 through a pipeline; the methanol outlet of the distillation separation device 17 is connected to the methanol storage tank 18 through a pipeline.

[0020] The steam inlet of the steam turbine generator set 4 is connected to the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler 3 through a pipeline; the steam turbine generator set 4 is connected to the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 14 through a cable; the steam inlet of the methanol synthesis device 16 is connected to the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler 3 through a pipeline; the oxygen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 14 is connected to the oxygen-rich flue gas inlet of the waste incinerator 2 through a pipeline; the water outlet of the distillation separation device 17 is connected to the filter 9.

[0021] The working method of the utility model comprises the following steps:

[0022] The domestic garbage is collected and transported to the garbage pool 1 through the front end. The domestic garbage in the garbage pool 1 is transported to the feeding port of the garbage incinerator 2 through the garbage crane. The domestic garbage enters the garbage incinerator 2 and generates high-temperature flue gas after high-temperature incineration. The generated high-temperature flue gas enters the waste heat boiler 3. The high-temperature flue gas is converted into low-temperature flue gas through heat exchange in the waste heat boiler 3 and enters the flue gas purification device 5. The purified flue gas generated by the flue gas purification device 5 enters the carbon dioxide purification and compression device 6 to generate high-purity carbon dioxide. The remaining flue gas meets the emission standards, and the high-purity carbon dioxide enters the carbon dioxide storage tank 7.

[0023] The external water supply passes through the pipeline and enters the filter 9, the ultrafiltration device 10, the reverse osmosis device 11, and the EDI device 12 in sequence to produce high-purity desalted water, which then passes through the deaerator 13 to form pure water; a part of the pure water enters the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 14 to produce hydrogen and oxygen, and the hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage tank 15; a part of the pure water enters the waste heat boiler 3, and forms steam through heat exchange with the high-temperature flue gas, and the steam enters the steam turbine generator set 4. The green electricity generated by the steam turbine generator set 4 provides power supply for the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 14, and the excess green electricity is sold to the power grid.

[0024] The hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 15 and the carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide storage tank 7 are compressed and proportioned and enter the methanol synthesis device 16, where crude methanol is produced under the action of a copper-based catalyst. The crude methanol enters the distillation separation device 17 to produce green methanol, which enters the methanol storage tank 18.

[0025] A portion of the purified flue gas produced by the flue gas purification device 5 is mixed with oxygen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 14 to form oxygen-rich flue gas, which then enters the waste incinerator 2 for combustion, thereby increasing the carbon dioxide content in the subsequent high-temperature flue gas of the waste incinerator 2 and reducing the cost of the carbon dioxide purification and compression device 6.

[0026] A part of the steam generated by the waste heat boiler 3 enters the methanol synthesis device 16 through a pipeline to provide a suitable temperature environment for methanol synthesis.

[0027] The water produced by the distillation separation device 17 enters the filter 9 again, thereby realizing the recycling of water resources.

[0028] An air separation unit 8 is provided to produce high-purity carbon dioxide from air, thereby providing backup support for the carbon dioxide supply of the methanol synthesis unit 16 .

[0029] In addition, it should be noted that the shapes and names of the parts and components of the specific embodiments described in this specification may be different, and the above content described in this specification is only an example of the structure of the utility model. All equivalent changes or simple changes made based on the structure, features and principles described in the patent concept of the utility model are included in the protection scope of the utility model patent. Technicians in the technical field of the utility model can make various modifications or supplements to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the utility model or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A system for producing green methanol by incinerating domestic waste for power generation, characterized in that: It includes a garbage incinerator, a waste heat boiler, a steam turbine generator set, a flue gas purification device, a carbon dioxide purification and compression device, a carbon dioxide storage tank, a pure water preparation system, a deaerator, a water electrolysis hydrogen production device, a hydrogen storage tank, a methanol synthesis device, a distillation separation device and a methanol storage tank; the flue gas outlet of the garbage incinerator is connected to the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler; the flue gas outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected to the flue gas inlet of the flue gas purification device; The flue gas outlet of the flue gas purification device is connected to the inlet of the carbon dioxide purification and compression device and the oxygen-enriched flue gas inlet of the waste incinerator; the carbon dioxide outlet of the carbon dioxide purification and compression device is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank, and the carbon dioxide outlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the methanol synthesis device; the pure water preparation system is connected to the water inlet of the deaerator; the water outlet of the deaerator is respectively connected to the water inlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device and the water inlet of the waste heat boiler; the hydrogen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen storage tank; the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen storage tank is connected to the hydrogen outlet of the methanol synthesis device. The crude methanol outlet of the methanol synthesis device is connected to the crude methanol inlet of the distillation separation device; the methanol outlet of the distillation separation device is connected to the methanol storage tank; the steam inlet of the steam turbine generator set is connected to the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler; the steam turbine generator set is connected to the water electrolysis hydrogen production device; the steam inlet of the methanol synthesis device is connected to the steam outlet of the waste heat boiler; the oxygen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is connected to the oxygen-rich flue gas inlet of the waste incinerator; the water outlet of the distillation separation device is connected to the filter; and an air separation device is also included, and the carbon dioxide outlet of the air separation device is connected to the carbon dioxide inlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank.

2. The system for producing green methanol by incinerating domestic waste for power generation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pure water preparation system comprises a filter, an ultrafiltration device, a reverse osmosis device and an EDI device; the water outlet of the filter is connected to the water inlet of the ultrafiltration device; the water outlet of the ultrafiltration device is connected to the water inlet of the reverse osmosis device; the water outlet of the reverse osmosis device is connected to the water inlet of the EDI device; the water outlet of the EDI device is connected to the water inlet of the deaerator.

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