Enhanced blasting pre-fracturing charging blocking device of blasting tunneling machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of engineering blasting, and discloses a blasting tunneling machine enhanced blasting pre-fracturing charging blocking device which is arranged in a blast hole of a rock stratum in front of a tunneling machine and comprises an energy-gathered charging unit and a plurality of thin-wall aluminum pipes, the thin-wall aluminum pipes are connected end to end and arranged at the inner end of the blast hole, explosives are filled in the thin-wall aluminum pipes, and the explosives are filled in the explosives. A plurality of energy gathering pieces are arranged on the thin-wall aluminum pipe; the blocking unit comprises a thin-wall plastic pipe, one end of the thin-wall plastic pipe is connected with one end of the thin-wall aluminum pipe at the outermost end, and yellow mud is arranged in the thin-wall plastic pipe and used for blocking the thin-wall aluminum pipes; the auxiliary unit comprises a thin-wall plastic hollow pipe, and the thin-wall plastic hollow pipe is connected with one end of the thin-wall plastic pipe at the outermost end and used for pushing the thin-wall aluminum pipe and the thin-wall plastic pipe into the blast hole. The device has the characteristics of convenience and quickness in charging and blocking, simplicity in operation, uniformity, consistency, safety and reliability in charging and capability of generating more effective cracks during rock blasting pre-cracking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of engineering blasting, in particular to a blasting excavator enhanced blasting pre-fracture charge plugging device. Background Art

[0002] When the blasting machine is excavating in the hard rock section, it seriously affects the construction safety and operation efficiency of the shield excavation. Excavation is difficult, the hard rock mass is easy to get stuck in the cutterhead, and the cutterhead and cutterhead are seriously worn and even deformed. Before the blasting machine excavates, the rock in front of the face is pre-cracked by blasting to produce effective cracks. The blasting machine can excavate quickly, improve the excavation efficiency and reduce the wear of the cutterhead. In order to make the rock in front of the blasting machine crack in advance, it is necessary to drill horizontal holes on the face. The depth of the horizontal drilling is generally greater than the radius of the cutterhead. After the horizontal drilling is completed, the blasthole is charged, blocked, connected to the network and detonated. At present, the conventional charging method in China is to insert the electronic detonator into the explosive, and then use the gun stick to push the explosive and the electronic detonator into the blasthole. Finally, the blasthole is blocked with gun mud and compacted with the gun stick. The charging and blocking process is completed. When the rock in front of the blasting machine is pre-cracked by blasting, the charging and blocking of the blasthole are key steps. The conventional method of charging and plugging the blastholes in the blasting machine is slow and poor in quality due to the large span and difficult operation. Because there is a safety distance of 1-2m between the face and the cutterhead to ensure the safety of the blasting machine cutterhead during rock blasting pre-cracking, and the diameter of the blasthole is 90mm, it is difficult to accurately align the blasthole in the blasting machine to deliver the explosives and plugging materials into the blasthole. At the same time, the charging and plugging area is long. Since a section of 70mm diameter explosive is 50cm long, it is necessary to fill the explosives multiple times during the charging process to meet the amount of explosives required; it is easy to get stuck during charging, which increases the charging time and affects the charging quality. When the blasthole is blocked, the blocking length is long and difficult to compact. These problems will eventually affect the charging and plugging speed and quality. Since the conventional charging method does not have a good energy-gathering effect, more explosives are needed to produce more effective cracks in rock blasting, and the harmful effects of blasting increase sharply, while increasing the construction cost. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a device for blocking pre-fracture charges for blasting excavation machine to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following scheme: The utility model provides a device for plugging pre-fracture charges for enhanced blasting of a tunnel boring machine, which is arranged in a blast hole of a rock formation in front of a tunnel boring machine, and comprises:

[0005] The shaped charge unit comprises a plurality of thin-walled aluminum tubes, which are connected end to end and arranged at the inner end of the blast hole, the thin-walled aluminum tubes are filled with explosives, and a plurality of shaped charge pieces are arranged on the thin-walled aluminum tubes;

[0006] The plugging unit comprises a thin-walled plastic tube, one end of which is connected to one end of the outermost thin-walled aluminum tube, and yellow mud is arranged in the thin-walled plastic tube for plugging a plurality of the thin-walled aluminum tubes;

[0007] The auxiliary unit comprises a thin-walled plastic hollow tube, which is connected to one end of the outermost thin-walled plastic tube and is used to push the thin-walled aluminum tube and the thin-walled plastic tube into the blast hole respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the energy concentrating member comprises an energy concentrating cover fixedly connected to the thin-walled aluminum tube, and a plurality of the energy concentrating covers are equidistantly arranged on the thin-walled aluminum tube along the axial direction.

[0009] Preferably, the cone apex angle of the energy focusing cover is 30°-70°.

[0010] Preferably, both ends of the thin-walled aluminum tube and both ends of the thin-walled plastic tube are respectively provided with internal threads and external threads, adjacent internal threads and external threads are threadedly connected, and one end of the thin-walled plastic hollow tube is threadedly connected to the external thread on the thin-walled plastic tube at the outermost end of the blocking unit.

[0011] Preferably, an electronic detonator is arranged in the thin-walled aluminum tube, and the leg wire on the electronic detonator passes through the leg wire reserved hole to the blasting machine for network connection and detonation.

[0012] Preferably, a rubber hose is fixedly connected inside the thin-wall plastic tube to protect the baseboard.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and technical effects: the utility model provides a device for enhancing the blasting pre-cracking charge plugging of a blasting excavator, the overall length of which can be adjusted by combining multiple thin-walled aluminum tubes to adjust the charge amount, and the charging can be completed conveniently and quickly; the device is pushed into the blast hole through a thin-walled plastic hollow tube, and the filling is completed quickly and conveniently, and it can be recycled and reused; the energy-gathering parts can make the rock around the blast hole in the hard rock section of the shield tunnel more uniform and controllable under the joint action of the metal energy-gathering jet, the detonation wave and the explosive gas. The present application can realize the external charging of the machine inside and the long-distance charging in a narrow space, and has the characteristics of convenient and quick charging and plugging, simple operation, uniformity, consistency, safety and reliability of charging, and more effective cracks can be generated during the pre-cracking of rock blasting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor:

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thin-walled aluminum tube of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy-gathering cover of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation status of several thin-walled aluminum tubes of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thin-walled plastic pipe of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross section of the thin-walled plastic tube of the utility model;

[0021] Among them, 1. thin-walled aluminum tube; 2. energy-gathering hood; 3. explosives; 4. thin-walled plastic tube; 5. yellow mud; 6. thin-walled plastic hollow tube; 7. internal thread; 8. external thread; 9. rock layer; 10. cutter head; 11. blasting excavator; 12. electronic detonator; 13. rubber hose; 14. foot line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0023] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0024] Reference Figure 1-Figure 6 The utility model provides a device for plugging pre-fracture charges for blasting excavation machine, which is arranged in the blast hole of the rock layer 9 in front of the excavation machine.

[0025] The shaped charge unit comprises a plurality of thin-walled aluminum tubes 1, which are connected end to end and arranged at the inner end of the blast hole, the thin-walled aluminum tubes 1 are filled with explosives 3, and a plurality of shaped charge pieces are arranged on the thin-walled aluminum tubes 1;

[0026] The plugging unit comprises a thin-walled plastic tube 4, one end of which is connected to one end of the outermost thin-walled aluminum tube 1, and yellow mud 5 is arranged in the thin-walled plastic tube 4 for plugging a plurality of thin-walled aluminum tubes 1;

[0027] The auxiliary unit comprises a thin-walled plastic hollow tube 6, which is connected to one end of the outermost thin-walled plastic tube 4 and is used to push the thin-walled aluminum tube 1 and the thin-walled plastic tube 4 into the blast hole respectively.

[0028] According to a further optimized solution, the energy concentrator comprises an energy concentrator cover 2 fixedly connected to the thin-walled aluminum tube 1 , and a plurality of energy concentrator covers 2 are axially arranged on the thin-walled aluminum tube 1 at equal intervals.

[0029] The wall of the aluminum tube is thin and has strong plasticity, so the energy-gathering cover 2 on the wall of the thin-walled aluminum tube 1 can be mechanically stamped, which is easy to process. When the shield tunnel is constructed, the energy-gathering cover 2 can make the rock around the blast hole more uniform and controllable under the combined action of the metal energy-gathering jet, the detonation wave and the explosive gas.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present application, the thin-walled aluminum tube 1 and the energy-gathering cover 2 are integrally stamped structures, and after stamping, the explosive 3 is loaded into the tube.

[0031] According to a further optimization scheme, the cone apex angle of the energy collecting cover 2 is 30°-70°.

[0032] To further optimize the solution, internal threads 7 and external threads 8 are respectively provided at both ends of the thin-walled aluminum tube 1 and both ends of the thin-walled plastic tube 4, adjacent internal threads 7 and external threads 8 are threadedly connected, and one end of the thin-walled plastic hollow tube 6 is threadedly connected to the external thread 8 on the thin-walled plastic tube 4 at the outermost end of the blocking unit.

[0033] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 The internal thread 7 and the external thread 8 are matched, and the adjacent internal threads 7 and external threads 8 are threadedly connected. According to actual needs, a specified number of thin-walled aluminum tubes 1 are selected for assembly, and the assembly connection is adjusted to adjust the charge length, the fixed position of the explosive is adjustable, and the charge amount is adjustable.

[0034] According to a further optimization scheme, an electronic detonator 12 is arranged in the thin-walled aluminum tube 1, and the leg wire 14 on the electronic detonator 12 passes through the leg wire reserved hole to the blasting machine for network connection and detonation.

[0035] The electronic detonator is embedded in the thin-walled aluminum tube 1 before charging. The electronic detonator is close to one side of the thin-walled aluminum tube 1 and the leg line passes through the reserved hole of the leg line of the shaped charge unit. The leg line passes through the entire blocking unit through the reserved hole of the leg line of the blocking unit to the blasting excavator for blasting network connection and detonation.

[0036] According to a further optimized solution, a rubber hose 13 is fixedly connected inside the thin-walled plastic tube 4 to protect the baseboard 14 .

[0037] Before the yellow mud 5 is filled, a rubber hose 13 is arranged in the thin-walled plastic tube 4, and its function is to protect the foot line from being damaged.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present application, the inner wall of the thin-walled plastic tube 4 is polished by a grinding process, thereby increasing the friction between the taphole mud and the thin-walled plastic tube 4 and enhancing the blocking effect.

[0039] When in use, the internal thread 7 and the external thread 8 are used to connect several thin-walled aluminum tubes 1 and several thin-walled plastic tubes 4. The adjacent thin-walled aluminum tubes 1 and thin-walled plastic tubes 4 are connected, and the outermost thin-walled plastic tube 4 is connected to the thin-walled plastic hollow tube 6. The thin-walled plastic hollow tube 6 can be used to push the entire charging device into the blasting hole through the cutter head 10 in the blasting machine 11. After the pushing is completed, the thin-walled plastic hollow tube 6 can be removed and reused.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0041] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred methods of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for plugging pre-fracture charges for enhanced blasting of a tunnel boring machine, arranged in a blast hole of a rock formation (9) in front of the tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: include: The shaped charge unit comprises a plurality of thin-walled aluminum tubes (1), wherein the plurality of thin-walled aluminum tubes (1) are connected end to end and arranged at the inner end of the blast hole, the thin-walled aluminum tubes (1) are filled with explosives (3), and the thin-walled aluminum tubes (1) are provided with a plurality of shaped charge pieces; The plugging unit comprises a thin-walled plastic tube (4), one end of the thin-walled plastic tube (4) is connected to one end of the outermost thin-walled aluminum tube (1), and yellow mud (5) is arranged in the thin-walled plastic tube (4) for plugging a plurality of the thin-walled aluminum tubes (1); The auxiliary unit comprises a thin-walled plastic hollow tube (6), wherein the thin-walled plastic hollow tube (6) is connected to one end of the outermost thin-walled plastic tube (4) and is used to push the thin-walled aluminum tube (1) and the thin-walled plastic tube (4) into the blast hole respectively.

2. The device for plugging pre-fracture charges for enhanced blasting of an blasting excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy concentrator comprises an energy concentrator cover (2) fixedly connected to the thin-walled aluminum tube (1), and a plurality of the energy concentrator covers (2) are arranged on the thin-walled aluminum tube (1) at equal intervals along the axial direction.

3. The device for plugging pre-fracture charges for enhanced blasting of an blasting excavator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cone vertex angle of the energy focusing cover (2) is 30°-70°.

4. The device for plugging pre-fracture charges for enhanced blasting of an blasting excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the thin-walled aluminum tube (1) and both ends of the thin-walled plastic tube (4) are respectively provided with internal threads (7) and external threads (8), and adjacent internal threads (7) and external threads (8) are threadedly connected. One end of the thin-walled plastic hollow tube (6) is threadedly connected to the external thread (8) on the thin-walled plastic tube (4) at the outermost end of the blocking unit.

5. The device for plugging pre-fracture charges for enhanced blasting of an blasting excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electronic detonator (12) is arranged in the thin-walled aluminum tube (1), and a leg wire (14) on the electronic detonator (12) passes through a leg wire reserved hole to the blasting machine for network connection and detonation.

6. The device for plugging pre-fracture charges for enhanced blasting of an blasting excavator according to claim 5, characterized in that: A rubber hose (13) is fixedly connected inside the thin-walled plastic tube (4) and is used to protect the foot line (14).

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