Workpiece clamping and positioning detection device and machine tool

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of clamping devices, and particularly relates to a workpiece clamping, positioning and detecting device and a machine tool with the workpiece clamping, positioning and detecting device. The workpiece clamping and positioning detection device comprises an air tightness detection assembly, the air tightness detection assembly comprises a positioning reference surface matched with a to-be-clamped workpiece in shape, the positioning reference surface is provided with a plurality of air tightness detection ports, an air passage communicated with the plurality of air tightness detection ports is arranged in the air tightness detection assembly, and the air passage is communicated with the air tightness detection ports. An air inlet of the air channel is formed in the outer surface of the air tightness detection assembly; the workpiece clamping and positioning detection device further comprises a gas connecting assembly which can advance to be in airtight connection with the gas inlet or retreat to be separated from the airtight detection assembly. The air inlet is formed in the surface of the air tightness detection assembly, the air connecting assembly capable of moving forwards and backwards is connected with or separated from the air inlet in an air tightness mode, a rotary connector does not need to be applied, and operation is more stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of clamping devices, and in particular relates to a workpiece clamping positioning detection device.

[0002] The utility model also relates to a machine tool with the workpiece clamping positioning detection device. Background Art

[0003] In the mechanical processing industry, the accuracy of the workpiece clamping and positioning directly affects the safety of the processing and the pass rate of the finished workpiece after processing. Taking a lathe as an example, when the workpiece clamping and positioning does not meet the required standards before the machine is started, the high-speed rotating workpiece may directly collide with the tool, which may cause the tool to break or the size of the workpiece to be unqualified after processing. In serious cases, the workpiece may loosen and fly out, causing a safety accident.

[0004] In the prior art, there is a method of confirming whether the workpiece is clamped in place by airtight detection, that is, installing an airtight detection tool with an air circuit inside on the chuck, installing an air pressure sensor in the air circuit, and ventilating the air circuit during detection. When the workpiece is clamped in place, the workpiece will block the air circuit, and the pressure in the air circuit will increase. The feedback from the air pressure sensor can confirm that the clamping is in place. When the workpiece is not clamped in place, due to air leakage, the change in air pressure in the air circuit is different from when the workpiece is clamped in place. Therefore, the clamping and positioning of the workpiece can be confirmed by airtight detection.

[0005] In the prior art, the gas circuit is always connected to the chuck, and rotates with the lathe spindle during the machining process. This connection method requires the use of a rotary joint, which is expensive and easy to damage. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide a workpiece clamping positioning detection device that does not require the use of a rotary joint and operates more stably.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A workpiece clamping and positioning detection device comprises an airtight detection component, wherein the airtight detection component comprises a positioning reference surface matching the shape of the workpiece to be clamped, wherein the positioning reference surface is provided with a plurality of airtight detection ports, and when clamped in place, the plurality of airtight detection ports are blocked by the workpiece to be clamped, an air duct connected to the plurality of airtight detection ports is provided inside the airtight detection component, and an air inlet of the air duct is provided on the outer surface of the airtight detection component; the workpiece clamping and positioning detection device also comprises a gas connection component capable of moving forward to be airtightly connected to the air inlet, or moving backward to be separated from the airtight detection component; the workpiece clamping and positioning detection device also comprises an air pressure sensor connected to the air duct during the detection process.

[0009] In the workpiece clamping and positioning detection device provided by the utility model, the air inlet of the airway is arranged on the outer surface of the airtight detection component, so that the gas connection component can be airtightly connected or separated with the airtight detection component by moving forward or backward. After clamping the workpiece, the gas connection component moves forward to be airtightly connected with the airtight detection component, and ventilates the gas connection component. Assuming that the workpiece is clamped in place, the several airtight detection ports are blocked by the workpiece to be clamped, and the air pressure sensor connected to the airway indicates that the air pressure increases, and returns the result of clamping in place; assuming that the workpiece is not clamped in place, there is a gap between the several airtight detection ports and the workpiece to be clamped, and gas leaks from the airtight detection port. The indication of the air pressure sensor is different from when the workpiece is clamped in place, and the result of abnormal clamping is fed back. When the workpiece is clamped in place and needs to enter the processing stage, the gas connection component retreats and separates from the airtight detection component, and there is no need to move with the airtight detection component. By arranging the air inlet on the surface of the airtight detection component and using a gas connection component that can move forward and backward to be airtightly connected or separated from the air inlet, the workpiece clamping positioning detection device provided by the utility model does not need to use a rotary joint and operates more stably.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a detachable air-tight joint that air-tightly connects the airway and the gas connection assembly, the detachable air-tight joint consists of a raised connector and a recessed connector, the recessed connector gradually flares toward the free end, the radial size of the raised connector is smaller than the flared end of the recessed connector and larger than the closed end of the recessed connector; the raised connector is arranged at the air inlet, and the recessed connector is arranged at the end of the gas connection assembly, or the raised connector is arranged at the end of the gas connection assembly, and the recessed connector is arranged at the air inlet; when the gas connection assembly moves forward relative to the air-tight detection assembly, the raised connector and the recessed connector approach each other until they abut against each other, so that the air inlet and the gas connection assembly are air-tightly connected. In this structure, the cooperation between the raised connector and the recessed connector makes the connection between the gas connection component and the airtight detection component more airtight. Since the radial size of the raised connector is smaller than the flared end of the recessed connector and larger than the closed end of the recessed connector, the gradually flared recessed connector can ensure that the end of the raised connector is blocked, thereby solving the problem of poor airtightness caused by the size error of the joint.

[0011] Preferably, an auxiliary seal is provided on the inner surface where the concave connector and the convex connector abut. The auxiliary seal is provided in this structure to further enhance the sealing performance. When the convex connector abuts against the concave connector, the convex connector squeezes the auxiliary seal to deform it, ensuring that there is no gap that may cause air leakage after the abutment.

[0012] Preferably, the airtight detection assembly includes a chuck and a workpiece positioning detection tool detachably connected to the chuck, an air-guiding gap is formed between the workpiece positioning detection tool and the chuck, the plurality of airtight detection ports are arranged through the workpiece positioning detection tool and are connected to the air-guiding gap, an air-guiding channel connected to the air-guiding gap is arranged in the chuck, the air channel includes the air-guiding gap and the air-guiding channel, and the air inlet is arranged on the outer side wall of the chuck. Since the workpiece positioning detection tool is detachably connected to the chuck, when it is used to process workpieces of different shapes and sizes, it can be replaced with the corresponding workpiece positioning detection tool; the air-guiding gap is formed between the workpiece positioning detection tool and the chuck, that is, the air-guiding gap is surrounded by the outer surface of the workpiece positioning detection tool and the chuck, so that the workpiece positioning detection tool is relatively easy to manufacture; the air inlet is arranged on the outer side wall of the chuck, so that the gas connection assembly can be completely separated from the airtight detection assembly after a short travel distance without affecting the next step of processing.

[0013] Preferably, the core of the chuck is provided with a groove, the positioning detection tool is provided in the groove, the plurality of airtight detection ports are provided on the top surface of the workpiece positioning detection tool, and penetrate the workpiece positioning detection tool from top to bottom, and the air guide gap is located between the bottom surface of the workpiece positioning detection tool and the bottom of the groove. In this structure, the workpiece positioning detection tool has a simple structure and is easy to assemble with the chuck.

[0014] Preferably, the gas connection assembly includes a gas guide rod and a gas guide hose connected to one end of the gas guide rod away from the gas tightness detection assembly. In this structure, the rigid gas guide rod provides a supporting force so that the gas connection assembly and the gas tightness detection assembly can be pressed against each other, and the gas guide hose can be bent to make room for the gas guide rod to move forward and backward without affecting the gas flow.

[0015] Preferably, the gas connection assembly further comprises a linear drive mechanism, the gas guide rod is connected to the output end of the linear drive mechanism, when the output end of the linear drive mechanism is extended, the gas connection assembly approaches the air inlet, and when the output end of the linear drive mechanism is retracted, the gas connection assembly moves away from the air inlet. In this structure, the linear drive mechanism is used to make the gas connection assembly approach until it docks with the air inlet, or to separate the gas connection assembly from the airtightness detection assembly, so that the motion trajectory is relatively stable and the alignment is more precise.

[0016] A machine tool comprises a spindle, a control system and the workpiece clamping and positioning detection device as described above, and further comprises a clamping device connected to the airtight detection component for clamping the workpiece, the airtight detection component is connected to the spindle, the air pressure sensor is in communication connection with the control system, and the spindle and the clamping device are controlled by the control system. Since it comprises the workpiece clamping and positioning detection device as described above, the machine tool has all the beneficial technical effects brought by the workpiece clamping and positioning detection device, which will not be described one by one here.

[0017] Preferably, it also includes a positioning encoder installed on the main shaft, and the positioning encoder is in communication with the control system. In this structure, the control system receives the electrical signal returned by the encoder to control the main shaft to stop at the same angle so that the airtight connection assembly can be docked with the air inlet.

[0018] Preferably, the air pressure sensor is connected to the gas connection assembly. In this structure, the air pressure sensor is connected to the gas connection assembly and does not need to rotate with the main axis of the bed, so it is relatively stable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through a more specific description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention shown in the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in all the accompanying drawings indicate the same parts, and the drawings are not intentionally scaled to the actual size, but the focus is on illustrating the subject matter of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of a workpiece clamping positioning detection device;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the use status of a preferred embodiment of a workpiece clamping positioning detection device;

[0022] Figure 3 A top view of a preferred embodiment of a machine tool (the air pressure sensor is not shown).

[0023] In the figure: chuck 1, air inlet 11, workpiece positioning detection tooling 2, airtight detection port 21, workpiece to be clamped 3, air pressure sensor 4, raised connector 51, recessed connector 52, air guide gap 6, air guide rod 71, air guide hose 72, linear drive mechanism 81, drive mechanism mounting seat 82, clamping device 9. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant drawings.

[0025] It should be noted that when an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element and integrated therewith, or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. The terms "installed", "one end", "the other end" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The terms used in the specification herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0027] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The utility model provides a workpiece clamping positioning detection device, including an airtight detection component, the airtight detection component includes a positioning reference surface matched with the shape of the workpiece 3 to be clamped, and a plurality of airtight detection ports 21 are arranged on the positioning reference surface. When clamped in place, the plurality of airtight detection ports 21 are blocked by the workpiece 3 to be clamped, and an air passage connected to the plurality of airtight detection ports 21 is arranged inside the airtight detection component, and the air inlet 11 of the air passage is arranged on the outer surface of the airtight detection component; the workpiece clamping positioning detection device also includes a gas connection component that can move forward to be airtightly connected with the air inlet 11, or move backward to be separated from the airtight detection component; the workpiece clamping positioning detection device also includes an air pressure sensor 4 that is connected to the air passage during the detection process. The airtight detection ports 21 in the preferred embodiment are evenly distributed 360° on the positioning reference surface, and in other embodiments, they can also be arbitrarily arranged according to the shape of the workpiece 3 to be clamped. The air pressure sensor 4 in the preferred embodiment is arranged at a position close to the gas source. In other embodiments, it can also be arranged at any position inside the airtight detection component or in the gas pipeline, and it only needs to be connected to the gas circuit. The air inlet 11 in the preferred embodiment is arranged on the outer wall of the airtight detection component. In other embodiments, it can also be arranged on the top surface or bottom surface of the airtight detection component. The airtight detection component and the gas connection component in the preferred embodiment are airtightly connected through a detachable airtight joint with a concave-convex fit. In other embodiments, there may be no detachable airtight joint. For example, a sealing head is arranged at the end of the gas connection component that abuts the air inlet 11, and is directly inserted into the air inlet 11 for connection.

[0028] In the workpiece clamping and positioning detection device provided by the utility model, the air inlet 11 of the airway is arranged on the outer surface of the airtight detection component, so that the gas connection component can be airtightly connected or separated with the airtight detection component by moving forward or backward. After clamping the workpiece, the gas connection component moves forward to be airtightly connected with the airtight detection component, and ventilates the gas connection component. Assuming that the workpiece is clamped in place, the several airtight detection ports 21 are blocked by the workpiece 3 to be clamped, and the air pressure sensor 4 connected to the airway indicates that the air pressure rises, and returns the result of clamping in place; assuming that the workpiece is not clamped in place, there is a gap between the several airtight detection ports 21 and the workpiece 3 to be clamped, and the gas leaks from the airtight detection port 21. The indication of the air pressure sensor 4 is different from when the workpiece is clamped in place, and the result of abnormal clamping is returned. When the workpiece is clamped in place and needs to enter the processing stage, the gas connection component retreats and separates from the airtight detection component, and there is no need to move with the airtight detection component. By arranging the air inlet 11 on the surface of the airtight detection component and using a gas connection component that can move forward and backward to be airtightly connected or separated from the air inlet 11, the workpiece clamping positioning detection device provided by the utility model does not need to use a rotary joint and operates more stably.

[0029] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2In a preferred embodiment, it also includes a detachable airtight joint that air-tightly connects the airway and the gas connection assembly, the detachable airtight joint consists of a raised connector 51 and a recessed connector 52, the recessed connector 52 gradually flares toward the free end, the radial size of the raised connector 51 is smaller than the flared end of the recessed connector 52 and larger than the closed end of the recessed connector 52; the raised connector 51 is arranged at the air inlet 11, and the recessed connector 52 is arranged at the end of the gas connection assembly, or the raised connector 51 is arranged at the end of the gas connection assembly, and the recessed connector 52 is arranged at the air inlet 11; when the gas connection assembly moves forward relative to the airtight detection assembly, the raised connector 51 and the recessed connector 52 approach until they abut against each other, so that the air inlet 11 is air-tightly connected to the gas connection assembly. In this structure, the cooperation between the raised connector 51 and the recessed connector 52 makes the docking airtightness between the gas connection assembly and the airtight detection assembly better; because the radial size of the raised connector 51 is smaller than the flared end of the recessed connector 52 and larger than the closed end of the recessed connector 52, the gradually expanded recessed connector 52 can ensure that the end of the raised connector 51 is blocked, solving the problem of poor airtightness caused by the size error of the joint. In the preferred embodiment, the raised connector 51 is arranged at the air inlet 11, and the recessed connector 52 is arranged at the end of the gas connection assembly. This is because the radial size of the raised connector 51 is larger than the closed end of the recessed connector 52, so the gas guide rod 71 connected with the recessed connector 52 is thinner than the raised connector 51, and it is more convenient to connect with the linear drive mechanism 81. The inner surface of the recessed connector 52 in the preferred embodiment is a conical surface, and in other embodiments it can also be a spherical surface or other arbitrary closed shapes, which can be matched with the raised connector 51.

[0030] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In a preferred embodiment, an auxiliary seal is provided on the inner surface of the concave connector 52 abutting against the convex connector 51. The auxiliary seal is provided in this structure to further enhance the sealing performance. The auxiliary seal in the preferred embodiment is a soft rubber pad. When the convex connector 51 abuts against the concave connector 52, the convex connector 51 squeezes the auxiliary seal to deform it, ensuring that there is no gap that may cause air leakage after the abutment. In other embodiments, the auxiliary seal may also be of other shapes or materials, as long as the convex connector 51 and the concave connector 52 are airtightly connected.

[0031] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2In a preferred embodiment, the airtight detection component includes a chuck 1 and a workpiece positioning detection tooling 2 detachably connected to the chuck 1, an air guide gap 6 is formed between the workpiece positioning detection tooling 2 and the chuck 1, the plurality of airtight detection ports 21 are arranged through the workpiece positioning detection tooling 2 and are connected with the air guide gap 6, an air guide channel connected to the air guide gap 6 is arranged in the chuck 1, the air duct includes the air guide gap 6 and the air guide channel, and the air inlet 11 is arranged on the outer wall of the chuck 1. Since the workpiece positioning detection tool 2 is detachably connected to the chuck 1, when it is used to process workpieces of different shapes and sizes, it can be replaced with the corresponding workpiece positioning detection tool 2; the air guide gap 6 is formed between the workpiece positioning detection tool 2 and the chuck 1, that is, the air guide gap 6 is surrounded by the outer surface of the workpiece positioning detection tool 2 and the chuck 1, so that the workpiece positioning detection tool 2 is relatively easy to make; the air inlet 11 is arranged on the outer wall of the chuck 1, so that the gas connection component can be completely separated from the airtight detection component after a short travel distance without affecting the next step of processing. The air guide gap 6 in the preferred embodiment is located between the bottom surface of the workpiece positioning detection tool 2 and the bottom of the groove, and is disc-shaped. In other embodiments, it can also be located between the outer wall of the workpiece positioning detection tool 2 and the side wall of the groove, or any other position formed after the workpiece positioning detection tool 2 and the chuck 1 are assembled, and it can also be any other shape, which can be connected with the air inlet 11 and the airtight detection port 21.

[0032] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In a preferred embodiment, a groove is provided at the core of the chuck 1, the positioning detection tool is provided in the groove, the plurality of airtight detection ports 21 are provided on the top surface of the workpiece positioning detection tool 2, and penetrate the workpiece positioning detection tool 2 from top to bottom, and the air guide gap 6 is located between the bottom surface of the workpiece positioning detection tool 2 and the bottom of the groove. In this structure, the workpiece positioning detection tool 2 has a simple structure and is easy to assemble with the chuck 1.

[0033] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In a preferred embodiment, the gas connection assembly includes a gas guide rod 71, and also includes a gas guide hose 72 connected to one end of the gas guide rod 71 away from the gas tightness detection assembly. In this structure, the rigid gas guide rod 71 provides a supporting force so that the gas connection assembly and the gas tightness detection assembly can be pressed tightly together, and the gas guide hose 72 can be bent to make room for the gas guide rod 71 to move forward and backward without affecting the gas flow.

[0034] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2In a preferred embodiment, the gas connection assembly also includes a linear drive mechanism 81, and the gas guide rod 71 is connected to the output end of the linear drive mechanism 81. When the output end of the linear drive mechanism 81 is extended, the gas connection assembly is close to the air inlet 11, and when the output end of the linear drive mechanism 81 is retracted, the gas connection assembly is away from the air inlet 11. In this structure, the linear drive mechanism 81 is used to make the gas connection assembly approach until it docks with the air inlet 11, or to separate the gas connection assembly from the air tightness detection assembly, so that the motion trajectory is relatively stable and the alignment is more precise. The linear drive mechanism 81 in the preferred embodiment is a telescopic cylinder, and in other embodiments it can also be any drive mechanism that outputs linear motion, such as a telescopic oil cylinder, an electric slide, etc.

[0035] refer to Figure 3 A machine tool comprises a spindle, a control system and the workpiece clamping and positioning detection device as described above, and also comprises a clamping device 9 for clamping the workpiece connected to the airtight detection component, the airtight detection component is connected to the spindle, the air pressure sensor 4 is communicatively connected to the control system, and the spindle and the clamping device 9 are controlled by the control system. The linear drive mechanism 81 in the preferred embodiment is also connected to and controlled by the control system. When placing the workpiece, the control system controls the machine tool spindle to stop rotating and the chuck 1 to open, and then controls the output end of the linear drive mechanism 81 to move toward the airtight detection assembly, and the recessed connector 52 connected thereto abuts and communicates with the raised connector 51 connected to the air inlet 11, and ventilates into the gas connection assembly, and the gas flows to the airtight detection port 21 on the positioning detection tooling. After the workpiece to be clamped is placed on the airtight detection assembly, the airtight detection port 21 is blocked by the workpiece to be clamped, and the pressure in the gas circuit increases. After receiving the signal returned by the air pressure sensor 4, the control system controls the clamping device 9 to clamp the workpiece to be clamped, and then controls the output end of the linear drive mechanism 81 to retract and enter the processing stage. The clamping device 9 in the preferred embodiment is a three-claw clamp, and in other embodiments it can also be any clamping device 9 that can clamp the workpiece. In the preferred embodiment, the linear drive mechanism 81 is connected to the drive mechanism mounting seat 82, and the drive mechanism mounting seat 82 is fixedly installed in the machine tool.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, a positioning encoder is further included which is mounted on the main shaft and is in communication with the control system. In this structure, the control system receives the electrical signal returned by the encoder to control the main shaft to stop at the same angle so that the airtight connection assembly can be docked with the air inlet 11.

[0037] refer to Figure 1In a preferred embodiment, the air pressure sensor 4 is connected to the gas connection assembly. In this structure, the air pressure sensor 4 is connected to the gas connection assembly and does not need to rotate with the main axis of the bed, so it is relatively stable.

[0038] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above”, and “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below”, and “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0039] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "preferred embodiment", "further embodiment", "other embodiments" or "specific example" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0040] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in the field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A workpiece clamping positioning detection device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an airtight detection component, wherein the airtight detection component comprises a positioning reference surface matched with the shape of a workpiece (3) to be clamped, and a plurality of airtight detection ports (21) are arranged on the positioning reference surface. When clamped in place, the plurality of airtight detection ports (21) are blocked by the workpiece (3) to be clamped, and an air passage connected to the plurality of airtight detection ports (21) is arranged inside the airtight detection component, and an air inlet (11) of the air passage is arranged on the outer surface of the airtight detection component; the workpiece clamping positioning detection device also comprises a gas connection component capable of moving forward to be airtightly connected to the air inlet (11), or moving backward to be separated from the airtight detection component; the workpiece clamping positioning detection device also comprises an air pressure sensor (4) connected to the air passage during the detection process.

2. A workpiece clamping positioning detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a detachable airtight joint for airtightly connecting the airway and the gas connection component, the detachable airtight joint is composed of a raised connection head (51) and a recessed connection head (52), the recessed connection head (52) gradually expands toward the free end, the radial size of the raised connection head (51) is smaller than the expanded end of the recessed connection head (52) and larger than the closed end of the recessed connection head (52); the raised connection head (51) is arranged at the air inlet (11), and the recessed connection head (52) is arranged at the end of the gas connection component, or the raised connection head (51) is arranged at the end of the gas connection component, and the recessed connection head (52) is arranged at the air inlet (11); when the gas connection component moves forward relative to the airtight detection component, the raised connection head (51) and the recessed connection head (52) approach each other until they abut against each other, so that the air inlet (11) and the gas connection component are airtightly connected.

3. A workpiece clamping positioning detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An auxiliary seal is provided on the inner surface of the recessed connector (52) abutting against the raised connector (51).

4. A workpiece clamping positioning detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The airtight detection component comprises a chuck (1) and a workpiece positioning detection tool (2) detachably connected to the chuck (1); an air guide gap (6) is formed between the workpiece positioning detection tool (2) and the chuck (1); the plurality of airtight detection ports (21) are arranged through the workpiece positioning detection tool (2) and are connected to the air guide gap (6); an air guide channel connected to the air guide gap (6) is arranged in the chuck (1); the air channel comprises the air guide gap (6) and the air guide channel; and the air inlet (11) is arranged on the outer wall of the chuck (1).

5. A workpiece clamping positioning detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The core of the chuck (1) is provided with a groove, the positioning detection tool is arranged in the groove, the plurality of airtight detection ports (21) are arranged on the top surface of the workpiece positioning detection tool (2), penetrating the workpiece positioning detection tool (2) from top to bottom, and the air guide gap (6) is located between the bottom surface of the workpiece positioning detection tool (2) and the bottom of the groove.

6. A workpiece clamping positioning detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The gas connection assembly comprises a gas guide rod (71), and also comprises a gas guide hose (72) connected to an end of the gas guide rod (71) away from the gas tightness detection assembly.

7. A workpiece clamping positioning detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas connection assembly also includes a linear drive mechanism (81), and the gas guide rod (71) is connected to the output end of the linear drive mechanism (81). When the output end of the linear drive mechanism (81) is extended, the gas connection assembly is close to the gas inlet (11), and when the output end of the linear drive mechanism (81) is retracted, the gas connection assembly is away from the gas inlet (11).

8. A machine tool, comprising a spindle and a control system, characterized in that: It also includes a workpiece clamping and positioning detection device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, and a clamping device (9) for clamping a workpiece connected to the airtight detection component, the airtight detection component is connected to the main shaft, the air pressure sensor (4) is communicatively connected to the control system, and the main shaft and the clamping device (9) are controlled by the control system.

9. A machine tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a positioning encoder installed on the main shaft, and the positioning encoder is communicatively connected with the control system.

10. A machine tool according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The air pressure sensor (4) is connected to the gas connection component.

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