Waterproof construction structure of basement exterior wall
By adopting a waterproof construction structure including water-stop steel plates, waterproof coils and drainage systems on the basement exterior wall, the leakage problem of the basement in high water pressure and high permeability soil environment is solved, and efficient and convenient waterproofing effect and long-term safety and stability are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421492002.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-27
AI Technical Summary
Basements are prone to leakage problems in high water pressure and highly permeable soil environments, and traditional waterproofing measures are difficult to effectively solve, resulting in shortening of the service life of the building, increasing safety hazards and high maintenance costs.
A waterproof construction structure including exterior walls, basement floor plates, water-stop steel plates, waterproof coils, brick protective layer, drainage plates, drainage pipes, drainage ditches and steam exhaust pipes is adopted. Through the treatment of construction joints, the laying of exterior walls of exterior walls, the setting of inner drainage plates and the design of drainage system, the fully enclosed and waterproofing effect of basement exterior walls is achieved.
It effectively solves the leakage problem of basement exterior walls in high water pressure and high permeability soil environments, improves waterproofing effect and construction convenience, reduces maintenance and repair costs, and ensures long-term safety and stability of basement.
Smart Images
Figure CN222862551U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a waterproof construction structure of a basement exterior wall. Background Art
[0002] Basement water seepage has always been a difficult problem in construction projects, especially in basements near rivers. Basement water seepage not only affects the service life of the building, but may also cause serious economic losses and safety hazards. The basement water seepage problem near rivers is a complex and serious technical problem, mainly including:
[0003] 1. High groundwater level: Basements near rivers usually face the problem of high groundwater levels. The water level changes in the river will directly affect the fluctuation of the groundwater level, causing the basement exterior walls to be in a high water pressure environment for a long time. In this case, traditional waterproofing measures are often difficult to cope with and are prone to leakage.
[0004] 2. Strong soil permeability: The soil near the river is usually highly permeable, and water can easily penetrate through the soil to the outer wall of the basement. In this case, even if the outer wall is made of waterproof materials, the waterproof layer may fail due to the permeability of the soil, resulting in leakage problems.
[0005] 3. Construction joints and structural joints: Construction joints and structural joints are inevitable during basement construction. These gaps are the weak links in basement waterproofing, especially under high water pressure environments, moisture can easily penetrate into the basement through these gaps, causing leakage problems.
[0006] 4. Aging of waterproof materials: Traditional waterproof materials will gradually age and lose their waterproof properties during long-term use. Especially in high water pressure and high humidity environments, the aging speed of waterproof materials will accelerate, resulting in failure of the waterproof layer, leakage problems, and difficulty in later maintenance, and high maintenance costs.
[0007] Water seepage in basements not only causes dampness and mold inside buildings, affecting the living and use environment, but long-term water seepage can also lead to corrosion of concrete structures and rust of steel bars, reducing the service life of buildings. In addition, water seepage in basements may also cause safety hazards such as short circuits in electrical equipment and fires, causing serious economic losses and casualties. Therefore, a new waterproof construction method is urgently needed that can provide long-term and effective waterproof protection in high water pressure and high permeability soil environments to ensure the safety and use of basements. Utility Model Content
[0008] In view of the above problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a waterproof construction structure for the basement exterior wall that is simple, easy to construct, and highly reliable. Through measures such as the treatment of construction joints during structural construction, the laying of waterproof membranes on the exterior walls during construction, and the installation of drainage boards on the inner side of the exterior walls, the leakage of the exterior walls can be effectively controlled to ensure the long-term waterproof effect of the exterior walls of the basement.
[0009] The utility model discloses a waterproof construction structure for the basement exterior wall, comprising:
[0010] Exterior wall, basement floor, water-stop steel plate, waterproof membrane, brick protective layer, drain board, drain pipe, drain ditch, exhaust pipe; the water-stop steel plate is arranged at the construction joint between the basement floor and the exterior wall, with its opening facing the water surface; the waterproof membrane is seamlessly laid on the outside of the exterior wall and the outside of the basement floor; a brick protective layer is arranged on the outside of the waterproof membrane layer; a drain board is arranged to fully cover the inside of the exterior wall, and a self-adhesive layer is arranged on the raised side of the drain board, which is tightly attached to the structure inside the exterior wall; a drain pipe is arranged under the drain board, and water seepage from the exterior wall is discharged into the drain ditch through the drain pipe; an exhaust pipe is arranged above the drain board, and water vapor in the drain board is discharged into the outside air through the exhaust pipe.
[0011] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the drain pipe is made of a quarter cross-section of a PVC pipe cut off from the surface, and the cross-sectional position of the drain pipe is just stuck into the bottom of the drain board. Water seepage from the external wall is discharged into the cavity of the drain pipe through the diversion channel of the drain board; the bottom of the drain pipe is connected to the drain ditch through a drainage corrugated hose.
[0012] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the exhaust pipe is made of a PVC pipe with a quarter section cut off from the surface, and the cross-sectional position of the exhaust pipe just fits into the top of the drain board. A hole is opened on the exhaust pipe to discharge water vapor in the cavity of the drain board.
[0013] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the waterstop steel plate is 300 mm long, 6 mm thick, and buried 150 mm.
[0014] Furthermore, in some embodiments, before the waterproof membrane is seamlessly laid on the outer side of the exterior wall and the outer side of the basement floor, a layer of the waterproof membrane is separately laid on the inner and outer corners of the exterior wall and the basement floor.
[0015] Furthermore, in some embodiments, when the waterproof membrane of the basement floor is partially laid, the upward height covers the construction joint position between the basement floor and the outer wall.
[0016] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the waterproof membrane is a 4 mm SBS modified asphalt waterproof membrane.
[0017] Furthermore, in some embodiments, when laying the waterproof membranes, an overlap length of at least 0.5 meters is reserved between the waterproof membranes.
[0018] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the waterproof membrane is protected by a 30 mm thick extruded polystyrene board protective layer.
[0019] Furthermore, in some embodiments, a cement mortar layer is provided on the outermost surface of the basement floor below the brickwork protective layer.
[0020] It should be understood that within the scope of the present invention, the above-mentioned technical features of the present invention and the technical features specifically described below (such as embodiments) can be combined with each other to form a new or preferred technical solution. Due to space limitations, they will not be described one by one here.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following technical effects:
[0022] The utility model has obvious advantages and beneficial effects in terms of waterproof effect, construction convenience, reliability and maintenance cost, etc., can effectively solve the problem of basement leakage near the river, improve the waterproof performance of the building, and ensure the long-term safety and stability of the basement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] The above and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings.
[0024] Figure 1 A node diagram of a waterproof construction structure of a basement exterior wall according to an embodiment of the utility model is shown.
[0025] Figure 2 The utility model is shown Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.
[0026] Figure 3 The utility model is shown Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.
[0027] Figure 4 The utility model is shown Figure 2 Enlarged view of point C in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution, beneficial effects and significant progress of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, all the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the utility model, not all embodiments; based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0029] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific implementations. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0030] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The phrase appearing in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it limited to mutually exclusive independent or alternative embodiments. Those skilled in the art should be able to understand that the embodiments herein may be combined with other embodiments without causing structural conflicts.
[0031] In the description of this article, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the technical terms "installed", "connected", "connected" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and can be a movable connection, a fixed connection or an integral connection, or a connection through a certain connector. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0032] In the description of this document, terms indicating orientation or positional relationships, such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "horizontal", "vertical", "height", "length", and "width", are intended to accurately describe the embodiments and simplify the description, but are not intended to limit the parts or structures involved to have a specific orientation, be installed or operate in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments in this document.
[0033] In the description of this article, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating relative importance or limiting the quantity, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the described technical features. In the description of this article, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two.
[0034] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Reference will now be made in detail to preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numerals will be used throughout the drawings to represent the same or similar parts.
[0035] The utility model provides a waterproof construction structure for the outer wall of a basement. The waterproof construction structure is particularly suitable for the construction of a basement adjacent to a river.
[0036] like Figure 1 , shows a node diagram of a waterproof construction structure of a basement exterior wall according to an embodiment of the utility model, the waterproof construction structure comprises: an exterior wall 1, a basement floor 2, a water-stopping steel plate 3, a waterproofing membrane 4, and a brickwork protective layer 5; the water-stopping steel plate 3 is arranged at a construction joint 101 between the basement floor 2 and the exterior wall 1, and its opening position faces the water-facing surface, that is, Figure 1 In the middle left direction; as those skilled in the art can understand, during the construction of the basement floor 2, a 300-500mm high anti-slope will be set at the junction with the outer wall 1, so an outer wall construction joint will be formed, thereby forming a weak point in the outer wall waterproofing. The application of water-stop steel plates can effectively prevent leakage from the weak points caused by the construction joints. Specifically, the water-stop steel plate 3 is half buried in the middle position of the anti-slope during the construction of the basement floor 2, with the opening direction facing the water surface, which can effectively prevent water leakage from the construction joints.
[0037] Further, such as Figure 1 As shown, the outer side of the exterior wall 1 and the outer side of the basement floor 2 are seamlessly paved with waterproofing membrane 4; on the outer side of the waterproofing membrane 4 layer at the junction of the exterior wall 1 and the basement floor 2, a brickwork protective layer 5 is provided.
[0038] For further reference, Figure 2 , showing the utility model Figure 1 From the enlarged view of A in the middle, it can be seen that the waterproof construction structure also includes a drainage board 6 that is fully covered and arranged inside the outer wall 1. The convex side of the drainage board 6 is provided with a self-adhesive layer (not shown in the figure), and the self-adhesive layer is tightly attached to the structure inside the outer wall 1; the selection of drainage board materials with a self-adhesive layer ensures that the drainage board and the outer wall can fit tightly to avoid hollowing after plastering. At the same time, the countless points of bonding between the drainage board 6 and the structure of the outer wall 1 can disperse the shrinkage stress of the plaster layer and avoid the appearance of plaster shrinkage cracks. The present application uses a drainage board 6 to fully cover the inner side of the outer wall 1 for diversion and drainage. Compared with the traditional construction method, there is no need to spend a lot of time to check and plug the leakage points for multiple cycles after the structure is completed. At the same time, the drainage board 6 can be used as a construction process and inserted into the basement decoration and renovation project. It is conducive to construction organization and arrangement and shortens the construction period of the basement.
[0039] For further reference, Figure 3 , showing Figure 2The enlarged view of the B in the figure shows that a drain pipe 7 is arranged below the drain board 6, and the water seepage from the external wall is discharged into the drain ditch 8 through the drain pipe 7; in some embodiments, the drain pipe 7 is made by cutting off a quarter of the surface of a PVC pipe, and the cross-sectional position of the drain pipe 7 is just inserted into the bottom of the drain board 6, and the water seepage from the external wall is discharged into the cavity of the drain pipe 7 through the drainage channel of the drain board 6; the drain pipe 7 is connected to the drain ditch 8 through the drainage corrugated hose 10 below. Specifically, the inner side of the external wall 1 is fully paved with the drain board 6, and the water seepage from the external wall surface is discharged downward into the drain pipe 7 by gravity through the drainage channel of the drain board 6, i.e., its internal cavity, and then discharged into the basement drain ditch 8 through the drainage corrugated hose 10 connected to the drain pipe 7. The outlet of the drain pipe 7 is at a certain distance from the bottom of the drain ditch 8 to prevent the accumulated water in the drain ditch 8 from flowing back into the drain board 7.
[0040] For further reference, Figure 4 , showing Figure 2 The enlarged view of the middle C shows that an exhaust pipe 9 is provided above the drain board 6, and the water vapor in the drain board 6 is discharged into the outside air through the exhaust pipe 9. In some embodiments, the exhaust pipe is made of a PVC pipe with a quarter of the surface section cut off, and the cross-sectional position of the exhaust pipe is just inserted into the top of the drain board 6. The exhaust pipe 9 is opened to discharge the water vapor in the cavity of the drain board 6. Specifically, an exhaust pipe 9 is provided on the top of the drain board 6, and the exhaust pipe 9 is opened to allow the air in the cavity of the drain board 6 to circulate with the outside air, so that the water vapor in the cavity of the drain board 6 can be discharged, thereby improving the durability of the concrete structure, and at the same time stabilizing the internal and external pressure difference, which is conducive to smooth drainage at the bottom of the drain board 6.
[0041] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the hole specifications on the exhaust pipe 9 are φ10 round holes, and the hole spacing is 300 mm. As can be understood by those skilled in the art, water vapor can be discharged to the outside of the basement or discharged into the basement ventilation duct through the round holes on the exhaust pipe 9. If necessary, the round holes can also be connected to the hose to discharge water vapor. The multi-hole design can improve the exhaust effect.
[0042] Preferably, in some embodiments, the waterstop steel plate 3 is selected to be 300mm in length, buried 150mm, and 6mm in thickness. In general basement waterproofing construction, waterstop steel plates with a thickness of 3-4mm and a length of 200-250mm are mostly used. However, when waterproofing a basement adjacent to a river, the groundwater level is often high or the water pressure is high. The use of a waterstop steel plate with a thickness of 6mm and a length of 300mm can provide a sufficient waterproof barrier, which can effectively prevent moisture from penetrating into the basement through the joints. The buried depth of 150mm ensures the stability and sealing of the waterstop steel plate in the concrete, further enhancing the waterproof effect. At the same time, the 6mm thick waterstop steel plate has higher strength and rigidity, better corrosion resistance and durability. It can not only withstand greater water pressure and soil pressure, reduce the risk of deformation and breakage, and improve the overall stability of the basement structure, but also has the ability to maintain good waterproof performance for a long time in the underground environment, reducing the frequency of maintenance and replacement.
[0043] Furthermore, in some embodiments, before the waterproof membrane is seamlessly laid on the outside of the exterior wall and the outside of the basement floor, a layer of the waterproof membrane is separately laid on the corners of the exterior wall and the basement floor. The corners are weak links in waterproof construction, and water easily leaks at these locations. Laying a single layer of waterproof membrane can enhance the waterproof performance of these key locations and prevent leakage. Laying a double layer of waterproof membrane 4 on the corners can effectively prevent leakage. Specifically, the waterproof membrane 4 is first laid on special locations such as the corners, and the second layer of waterproof membrane 4 is laid on a large area after acceptance. The separate laying and acceptance of the corners can timely discover and repair construction defects of the waterproof membrane at the corners and other locations to ensure the overall construction quality.
[0044] Furthermore, in some embodiments, when the waterproofing membrane of the basement floor is partially laid, the height of the upward turn covers the construction joint between the basement floor and the outer wall. The waterproofing membrane's upward turn covers the construction joint between the basement floor and the outer wall, which can effectively prevent water leakage at the construction joint, improve the integrity of the waterproof layer, prevent structural damage, improve construction quality, enhance overall stability, and ensure a lasting waterproof effect.
[0045] Preferably, in some embodiments, the waterproofing membrane 4 uses 4mm SBS modified asphalt waterproofing membrane. SBS modified asphalt waterproofing membrane has obvious advantages in high and low temperature resistance and bonding performance, and has strong elasticity and extensibility, simple construction, and is more suitable for basement waterproofing construction adjacent to rivers than polymer waterproofing membranes and polyethylene polypropylene composite waterproofing membranes. 4mm SBS modified asphalt waterproofing membrane can provide sufficient waterproof barriers and effectively prevent moisture from penetrating into the basement through the joints.
[0046] Furthermore, in some embodiments, when laying the waterproof membrane 4, an overlap length of at least 0.5 meters should be reserved between the waterproof membranes 4. The purpose is to enhance the sealing between the membranes, effectively prevent moisture from leaking through the membrane joints, and enhance the overall waterproof effect. At the same time, the 0.5-meter overlap length can improve the tolerance of construction. Even if some errors occur during the construction process, the sealing of the joints can be guaranteed, which is convenient for construction personnel to operate and improves construction efficiency. The 0.5-meter overlap length can fully adapt to the slight deformation of the base layer and prevent cracking of the joints caused by deformation of the base layer. Paying attention to quality control points such as the overlap length of the membrane and the staggered width during the laying process can ensure that the outer wall of the basement is fully enclosed and wrapped with membranes without dead ends, forming a powerful anti-leakage system.
[0047] Preferably, in some embodiments, the waterproof coiled material 4 is protected by a 30 mm thick extruded polystyrene board protective layer. The purpose is that during construction and subsequent use, the waterproof coiled material may be subjected to mechanical damage, such as trampling, tool scratching, etc. The extruded polystyrene board can effectively protect the waterproof layer and prevent it from being damaged. Secondly, the extruded polystyrene board has a low water absorption rate, which can effectively prevent moisture from penetrating and keep the waterproof layer dry. Adding a layer of extruded polystyrene board to the waterproof coiled material can form a double waterproof barrier to improve the overall waterproof effect. At the same time, the extruded polystyrene board has a certain strength, which can enhance the overall structural stability of the waterproof layer, prevent the waterproof layer from cracking due to deformation of the base layer, and has strong durability.
[0048] Furthermore, in some embodiments, a cement mortar layer 11 is provided on the outer surface of the basement floor 2 below the brickwork protective layer 5. Specifically, after the waterproof membrane and extruded polystyrene board are laid, cement mortar is applied to the outermost layer of the basement floor 2 below the brickwork protective layer 5, and a cement mortar layer 11 is laid. The cement mortar layer can effectively protect the waterproof membrane and extruded polystyrene board below to prevent mechanical damage during subsequent construction or use, such as trampling, tool scratches, etc. Secondly, the cement mortar layer has high strength. When subjected to external forces, the cement mortar layer can disperse stress, reduce direct impact on the waterproof layer and the thermal insulation layer, ensure the structural stability of the entire waterproof system, and effectively prevent cracking of the waterproof layer due to deformation of the base layer. At the same time, the cement mortar layer can serve as an additional waterproof barrier to further improve the overall waterproof effect and prevent moisture from penetrating into the waterproof membrane and the thermal insulation layer.
[0049] In summary, the waterproof construction structure of the basement exterior wall of the utility model has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
[0050] 1. The utility model can effectively prevent leakage at weak points caused by construction joints, thereby improving the waterproof effect.
[0051] 2. The utility model realizes a fully wrapped and fully enclosed overall system state of the basement exterior wall by using a method of fully enclosing the exterior wall with waterproof membrane, effectively preventing the occurrence of exterior wall leakage problems.
[0052] 3. The utility model can effectively deal with leakage inside the wall, ensure that the basement as a whole is leak-free, and improve the waterproof effect.
[0053] Fourth, the utility model has simple process, convenient construction, and easy operation, which can improve construction efficiency and reduce construction costs.
[0054] The waterproof construction structure of the basement exterior wall of the utility model constructs a reliable waterproof system, overcomes the defects of the prior art, solves the problem of basement leakage adjacent to the river, ensures the long-term waterproof effect of the basement exterior wall, ensures the long-term safety and stability of the basement, reduces the frequency of maintenance and repair, and reduces maintenance costs.
[0055] The above describes the preferred embodiments of the utility model. It should be understood that the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods, and the devices and structures that are not described in detail should be understood to be implemented in a common manner in the art; any technician familiar with the art can use the above-disclosed methods and technical contents to make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the utility model without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the utility model, or modify them into equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes, which does not affect the essential content of the utility model. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the utility model without departing from the content of the technical solution of the utility model still falls within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the utility model.
Claims
1. A waterproof construction structure for a basement exterior wall, characterized in that: include: Exterior wall, basement floor, water-stop steel plate, waterproof membrane, brick protective layer, drain board, drain pipe, drain ditch, exhaust pipe; the water-stop steel plate is arranged at the construction joint between the basement floor and the exterior wall, with its opening facing the water surface; the waterproof membrane is seamlessly paved on the outer side of the exterior wall and the outer side of the basement floor; a brick protective layer is arranged on the outer side of the waterproof membrane layer; a drain board is arranged to fully cover the interior of the exterior wall, and a self-adhesive layer is arranged on the raised side of the drain board, and the self-adhesive layer is tightly adhered to the structure inside the exterior wall; a drain pipe is arranged below the drain board, and water seepage from the exterior wall is discharged into the drain ditch through the drain pipe; an exhaust pipe is arranged above the drain board, and water vapor in the drain board is discharged into the outside air through the exhaust pipe.
2. The waterproof construction structure of the basement exterior wall according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drain pipe is made of a PVC pipe with one-quarter of the surface cut off. The cross-sectional position of the drain pipe is just stuck in the bottom of the drain board. The water seepage from the external wall is discharged into the cavity of the drain pipe through the diversion channel of the drain board. The bottom of the drain pipe is connected to the drainage ditch through a drainage corrugated hose.
3. The waterproof construction structure of the basement exterior wall according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The exhaust pipe is made of a quarter section of a PVC pipe cut off from the surface, and the cross-sectional position of the exhaust pipe is just inserted into the top of the drain board. A hole is opened on the exhaust pipe to discharge the water vapor in the cavity of the drain board.
4. The waterproof construction structure of the basement exterior wall according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The waterstop steel plate is 300 mm long, 6 mm thick, and embedded 150 mm.
5. The waterproof construction structure of the basement exterior wall according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Before the waterproof membrane is seamlessly laid on the outer side of the exterior wall and the outer side of the basement floor, a layer of the waterproof membrane is separately laid on the inner and outer corners of the exterior wall and the basement floor.
6. The waterproof construction structure of the basement exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the waterproof membrane of the basement floor is laid, the upward height covers the construction joint position between the basement floor and the exterior wall.
7. The waterproof construction structure of the basement exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproofing membrane is 4 mm SBS modified asphalt waterproofing membrane.
8. The waterproof construction structure of the basement exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: When laying the waterproof membranes, at least 0.5 meters of overlap length is reserved between the waterproof membranes.
9. The waterproof construction structure of the basement exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof membrane is protected by a 30 mm thick extruded polystyrene board protective layer.
10. The waterproof construction structure of the basement exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: Below the brickwork protective layer, a cement mortar layer is disposed on the outermost surface of the basement floor.