Freshness detection device for unshelled agricultural products
By designing a freshness detection device for shelled agricultural products, the traditional detection method is solved by using characteristic gas analysis, which is time-consuming, costly and inaccurate, and fast and accurate freshness detection is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421355332.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-14
AI Technical Summary
Traditional methods are used to detect the freshness of shelled agricultural products, which are time-consuming, costly and inaccurate enough, making it difficult to detect changes in freshness in the early stages of oxidation.
A freshness detection device including a gas chamber, a sensor assembly and a main control module is designed to detect the freshness of shelled agricultural products through characteristic gas analysis.
It realizes rapid and accurate detection of the freshness of shelled agricultural products, reduces costs, simplifies operations, and improves the accuracy and stability of the inspection.
Smart Images
Figure CN222866639U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural product detection, and in particular to a freshness detection device for shelled agricultural products. Background Art
[0002] Shelled agricultural products, especially those with high content of unsaturated fatty acids, are popular snack foods and oil-producing raw materials, such as sunflower kernels. However, their unsaturated fatty acids are easily oxidized and rancid, resulting in quality deterioration, which not only affects the sensory quality of the product, but also poses a potential threat to the health of consumers. The quality of shelled agricultural products is directly related to their storage time. Traditional methods for detecting the quality of shelled agricultural products mainly rely on chemical analysis and sensory evaluation, which are usually time-consuming and costly, and require professional operation, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. In addition, since shelled agricultural products are wrapped in a relatively hard shell, machine vision methods cannot detect changes in the freshness of shelled agricultural products in the early stages of oxidation. Therefore, quickly and accurately detecting the characteristic freshness substances of shelled agricultural products during storage is of great significance to ensuring the safety of shelled agricultural products and their processed products and improving product quality. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a freshness detection device for shelled agricultural products to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.
[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model is implemented by the following technical means:
[0005] A device for detecting the freshness of shelled agricultural products comprises an air chamber, wherein the air chamber is composed of an air chamber main body with an opening at the top and an inner cavity, and an air chamber top cover detachably matched with the air chamber main body, a partition is provided in the inner cavity of the air chamber main body to divide the inner part of the air chamber into an assembly space and a detection space, a sensor component for detecting gas is detachably mounted on the partition, a display mounting frame is detachably mounted on the upper surface of the air chamber top cover, a display is movably mounted on the display mounting frame, an air pump connected to the detection space through a connecting pipe is provided on one side of the air chamber main body, the air pump is connected to a needle through a connecting hose, and a main control module is installed in the assembly space of the air chamber main body.
[0006] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0007] The utility model can detect the freshness of shelled agricultural products. By performing characteristic gas analysis on the shelled agricultural products placed in the headspace bottle, the accuracy of the obtained shelled agricultural products can be improved. The utility model has good stability, low cost, fast, accurate and convenient operation, and can be widely used in the field of safety detection of shelled agricultural products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the product structure in the embodiment of the utility model;
[0009] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the product structure in the embodiment of the utility model;
[0010] Figure 3 For the utility model embodiment along Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA line;
[0011] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a part of the product in the embodiment of the utility model;
[0012] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a part of the product in the embodiment of the utility model;
[0013] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the main part of the product air chamber in the embodiment of the utility model;
[0014] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the product partition in the embodiment of the utility model;
[0015] Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of the product sensor assembly in the embodiment of the utility model;
[0016] Fig. 9 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a product display mounting frame in an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the technical solution of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments and drawings are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application. The accompanying drawings only schematically show the parts related to the technical solution of the present application, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product.
[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
[0019] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two), similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).
[0020] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
[0021] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
[0022] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by technical terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", and "circumferential" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.
[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0024] Shelled agricultural products, especially those with high content of unsaturated fatty acids, are popular snack foods and oil-producing raw materials, such as sunflower kernels. However, their unsaturated fatty acids are easily oxidized and rancid, resulting in quality deterioration, which not only affects the sensory quality of the product, but also poses a potential threat to the health of consumers. The quality of shelled agricultural products is directly related to their storage time. Traditional methods for detecting the quality of shelled agricultural products mainly rely on chemical analysis and sensory evaluation, which are usually time-consuming and costly, and require professional operation, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. In addition, since shelled agricultural products are wrapped in a relatively hard shell, machine vision methods cannot detect changes in the freshness of shelled agricultural products in the early stages of oxidation. Therefore, quickly and accurately detecting the characteristic freshness substances of shelled agricultural products during storage is of great significance to ensuring the safety of shelled agricultural products and their processed products and improving product quality.
[0025] In the present embodiment, a freshness detection device for shelled agricultural products includes an air chamber 1, wherein the air chamber 1 is composed of an air chamber body 2 with an opening at the top and an inner cavity, and an air chamber top cover 3 detachably matched with the air chamber body 2, a partition 4 is provided in the inner cavity of the air chamber body 2 to divide the interior of the air chamber 1 into an assembly space 5 and a detection space 6, a sensor assembly 7 for detecting gas is detachably mounted on the partition 4, a display mounting frame 8 is detachably mounted on the upper surface of the air chamber top cover 3, a display 9 is movably mounted on the display mounting frame 8, an air pump 10 connected to the detection space 6 through a connecting pipe is provided on one side of the air chamber body 2, the air pump 10 is connected to a needle 11 through a connecting hose, and a main control module 12 is installed in the assembly space 5 of the air chamber body 2.
[0026] In a possible embodiment of the present invention, the detection space 6 in the air chamber 1 is mainly used for the detection of characteristic gas substances. The gas-sensitive sensors in the sensor assembly 7 are used to detect the characteristic gas substances, and the signal processing of each airtight sensor is combined with the freshness detection model in the main control module 12 to complete the freshness detection of similar shelled agricultural products; specifically, in order to facilitate the assembly and heat dissipation of each module, the air chamber main body 2 includes a first box body 21 and a bottom plate 22 that is matched with the bottom of the first box body 21, and a square hole 221 is opened at the center of the bottom plate 22, and the upper surface of the bottom plate 22 is provided with a surrounding The second box body 23 of the square hole 221, each outer wall surface of the second box body 23 is not connected to the inner wall surface of the first box body 21, so that space for installing corresponding devices is left on both sides of the inner cavity of the air chamber body 2, and a main control module 12 matching with the first box body 21 is installed on one side of the second box body 23. As shown in the attached figure of this embodiment, the main control module 12 is installed in the right end space along the lateral direction of the first box body 21, and an opening matching with the connection port on the main control module 12 is opened on the first box body 21, and the left end space along the lateral direction of the first box body 21 can be used to place devices such as batteries to power the corresponding components;
[0027] In the above embodiment, the main control module 12 generates heat when working. To prevent overheating and protect the device, the two longitudinal side plates of the second box body 23 are respectively provided with a plurality of evenly distributed vents 231. To improve the heat dissipation and ventilation efficiency, the upper surface of the bottom plate 22 is symmetrically provided with a plurality of guide plates 24 located outside the two transverse plates of the second box body 23. A micro fan 25 installed on the bottom surface of the partition 4 is provided on one side of one group of vents 231. Air is supplied through the micro fan 25 and guided through the guide plate 24 to dissipate heat to the main control module 12 to prevent overheating.
[0028] In the above embodiment, support seats 222 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lower surface of the bottom plate 22 to support the device and provide air flow space for heat dissipation;
[0029] In the above embodiment, the first box body 21, the bottom plate 22, and the second box body 23 are integrally formed, and the air chamber body 2 can be integrally printed using a photosensitive resin material, and then the air chamber body 2 is polished to reduce the roughness of the inner wall of the air chamber 1, improve the flow efficiency of the gas, and increase the contact reaction between the gas and the sensor array, and then the partition 4, the sensor assembly 7, the air chamber top cover 3 and other accessories are assembled;
[0030] In the above embodiment, a partition 4 is installed in the inner cavity of the air chamber body 2. Combined with the accompanying drawings, the partition 4 and the second box body 23 are detachably assembled and matched. A convex opening 41 is opened at the center of the partition 4. A sealing ring 42 that cooperates with the sensor assembly 7 is provided at the edge of the convex opening 41 to seal the connection between the sensor assembly 7 and the partition 4 to ensure air tightness.
[0031] In one embodiment of the utility model, the sensor assembly 7 includes a disk 71 and a plurality of sensors 72 evenly mounted on the disk 71. The lower surface of the disk 71 is threadedly connected to a wire disk 73, and the wire disk 73 has a wiring channel 74 for wiring each sensor 72 with the main control module 12. Correspondingly, a through hole (not marked in the figure) for wiring is opened on the bottom plate 22.
[0032] In a possible embodiment of the present utility model, a T-shaped slot 31 is provided on the upper surface of the air chamber top cover 3, and a plurality of evenly distributed connecting holes 32 are provided on the bottom surface of the T-shaped slot 31. The display mounting frame 8 includes a T-shaped base 81 that cooperates with the T-shaped slot 31. The upper surface of the T-shaped base 81 is dampedly connected with a support rod 82, and the support rod 82 is dampedly connected with a support plate 83. The lower part of the outer side of the support plate 83 that abuts against the display 9 is provided with a baffle 84 for blocking the display 9. In addition, connecting through holes 811 that cooperate with the connecting holes 32 are respectively provided at both ends of the T-shaped base 81. In this way, the display mounting frame 8 and the air chamber top cover 3 can be detachably matched through corresponding connecting screws or pins. Through the detachable matching of the display mounting frame 8 and the air chamber top cover 3, it is convenient to disassemble and place the various components of the device, and through the damping connection between the corresponding components in the display mounting frame 8, the angle can be adjusted to facilitate adjusting the display angle of the display to adapt to the use and observation of different people.
[0033] In the following embodiments of the present invention, sunflower seeds are selected as representative species for example description. The characteristic gases volatilized by sunflower seeds during the oxidation process are mainly aldehydes, acids, alcohols, ketones, etc. Therefore, in this embodiment, the sensor selects 6 different types of sensors of Figaro series "TGS2600, TGS2602, TGS2603, TGS2611, TGS2619, TGS2620" and 1 "WSP2110" gas sensor to form a sensor array. The arrangement of each sensor can be seen in the attached figure, so as to detect the volatile characteristic gas of sunflower seeds; firstly, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is used to analyze the gas components generated by sunflower seeds during the oxidation process, and possible characteristic gas substances are screened. For the generated characteristic gases, the signal processing of the gas sensitive sensor array is combined with the algorithm model to obtain freshness detection;
[0034] In this embodiment, the sunflower seeds need to be processed, and the specific materials and instruments are selected as follows: select fresh sunflower seeds of the season, produced in Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, and provided by Anhui Hefei Qia Qia Food Co., Ltd.; L-143 analytical balance, Shanghai Precision Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd.; LHP-160E constant temperature and humidity chamber, Shanghai Sanfa Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd.; water bath, Jincheng Guosheng Experimental Instrument Factory, Jintan City, Jiangsu Province; 20ml headspace bottle, Taicang Daobang Sepu Technology Co., Ltd.; 8890-700D gas chromatograph triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, Agilent Technologies, USA; SPME manual injection handle, Supelco, USA; 57348-U extraction fiber, Supelco, USA;
[0035] The sunflower seed samples were placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber (60 ℃, relative humidity 12%) for accelerated oxidation. The samples were taken out on the 0th, 9th, 16th, 23rd, 26th, 29th, 32nd, 35th, 38th and 41st days, and a total of ten groups of samples were obtained; 60 g, about 60 sunflower seeds, were taken out each time, divided into two halves, and then sampled three times for three parallel experiments; half of the seeds, about 30 seeds, were shelled, ground and crushed, and the volatile characteristic substance components were determined by GC-MS. The average value of the gas composition was obtained through three parallel experiments as the standard value; the other half was placed in a reagent bottle for electronic nose detection. All samples were placed in a headspace bottle for 1 hour and stored in a constant temperature and humidity chamber.
[0036] The GC-MS equipment in this embodiment is from Agilent's 8890-700D, and the chromatographic conditions set are: the chromatographic column is DB-5MS (30 m×250 μm, 0.25 μm); the carrier gas is high-purity helium; the flow rate is 1.0 mL / min; the injection port temperature is 250 ℃; the detector temperature is 270 ℃; the desorption time is 5 min; the heating program: the initial temperature of the column box is 35 ℃, maintained for 4 min, increased to 100 ℃ at 5 ℃ / min, and then increased to 220 ℃ at 15 ℃ / min, and maintained for 5 min; the mass spectrometry conditions are: the electron energy of the electron ionization source is 70 eV, the ion source temperature is 230 ℃, the interface temperature is 280 ℃, the quadrupole temperature is 150 ℃, the full scan mode is used, and the scanning mass range is m / z 10-500; the headspace solid phase microextraction technology is used, and the SPME extraction head is aged at 250 ℃ for 30 at the injection port of the GC instrument min, put the headspace bottle containing the sample into a constant temperature water bath at 85 ℃, insert the SPME extraction head into the headspace part of the headspace bottle and push out the extraction fiber, after 30 min of headspace adsorption, withdraw the extraction head, pull out the extraction head, insert the extraction head into the GC injection port of the GC-MS instrument, push out the extraction fiber and desorb at 250 ℃ for 5 min, then withdraw the extraction head and continue to wait for 30 min for component analysis.
[0037] The GC-MS technique was used to analyze the changes in the volatile gas composition of fresh sunflower seeds during storage at constant temperature and humidity (60°C, relative humidity 12%). The volatile gas composition is mainly composed of aldehydes, acids, alkanes, ketones, etc., among which aldehydes account for a large proportion; these aldehyde compounds are the main flavor substances formed during the oxidation process of sunflower seeds, and have an important influence on the taste and aroma of sunflower seeds.
[0038] In this embodiment, Raspberry Pi 4B is used as the main control module to realize data collection and processing of all sensor modules, and 18-bit low-noise and high-precision MCP3424 is used as the signal conversion circuit module, and the IIC serial interface is used to communicate with the controller data, and different sampling rates and gain adjustment functions can be provided;
[0039] When the device of the utility model is in use, its specific detection steps are as follows: first, within the first 30 seconds of the experiment, blank gas is pumped into the gas chamber by an air pump. During this process, the signal of the sensor will be reset, eliminating the influence of the residual gas detected before, so as to ensure the accuracy of the detection; then at the 30th second of the experiment, the needle is quickly inserted into the headspace bottle to pump in the headspace gas of the sample, and this process will last for 60 seconds. During this period of time, the system in the main control module will collect and analyze the headspace gas data of the sample headspace bottle, so as to understand the distribution and content of volatile substances in the sample; finally, in order to clean the needle and the residual sample gas in the gas path and prevent the sample gas from interfering with the next set of experiments, at the 90th second of the experiment, the needle is quickly withdrawn from the headspace bottle, and 30 seconds of blank gas is pumped into the gas chamber again for detection.
[0040] The entire detection process lasts for 120 seconds. After each set of experimental examples is completed, the air chamber cover of the air chamber is opened to clear the gas in the air chamber, and the system is shut down for 20 minutes. The purpose of shutting down the system is to protect the equipment and prevent overheating. After 20 minutes, the system is reopened to carry out the next set of experimental examples. In the above embodiment, the air chamber cover and the air chamber body are detachably connected. To facilitate the discharge of gas, the upper surface of the air chamber cover is provided with a discharge pipe connected to the interior thereof, and the discharge pipe is threadedly connected with a sealing cover. In this way, there is no need to remove the air chamber cover. The gas can be discharged by simply opening the sealing cover and cooperating with an air pump.
[0041] In this embodiment, the error back propagation neural network model is used to process the signal of characteristic gas in sunflower seeds. The error back propagation neural network (BPNN) is a neural network connected by a directed graph structure. It simulates the perception and learning process of the biological nervous system. Its training process is that the input signal propagates forward from the input layer, passes through a series of processing in the hidden layer, and finally reaches the output layer to obtain the predicted value; the error between the predicted value and the actual target value is calculated in the output layer. This error is usually measured by the mean square error (MSE) or other functions; the error signal is reversely transmitted back to the network according to the weight, so as to update the weights and biases of each layer; according to the gradient calculated in the back propagation process (that is, the derivative of the error with respect to the weight and bias), the weight and bias are adjusted. Weight adjustment usually uses optimization algorithms such as stochastic gradient descent (SGD); repeat the operation, and each iteration will update the weight and bias of the network, gradually reducing the output error until the network output reaches a satisfactory accuracy or reaches a preset number of iterations.
[0042] The specific embodiments disclosed in the present utility model fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present utility model, and are the specific lower-level implementation scope of the characteristic parts of the present utility model. The protection content of the specific embodiments is merely an explanation of the protection scope of the claims of the present utility model. The protection scope of the present utility model is not limited to the protection content of the specific embodiments, and the protection content of the specific embodiments should not be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the claims of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A freshness detection device for shelled agricultural products, characterized in that: The invention comprises an air chamber (1), wherein the air chamber (1) is composed of an air chamber body (2) with an opening at the top and an inner cavity, and an air chamber cover (3) detachably matched with the air chamber body (2); a partition (4) is arranged in the inner cavity of the air chamber body (2) to divide the interior of the air chamber (1) into an assembly space (5) and a detection space (6); a sensor assembly (7) for detecting gas is detachably mounted on the partition (4); a display mounting frame (8) is detachably mounted on the upper surface of the air chamber cover (3); a display (9) is movably mounted on the display mounting frame (8); an air pump (10) is arranged on one side of the air chamber body (2) and is connected to the detection space (6) through a connecting pipe; the air pump (10) is connected to a needle (11) through a connecting hose; and a main control module (12) is installed in the assembly space (5) of the air chamber body (2).
2. A freshness detection device for shelled agricultural products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air chamber body (2) comprises a first box body (21) and a bottom plate (22) which is matched with the bottom of the first box body (21); a square hole (221) is provided at the center of the bottom plate (22); a second box body (23) surrounding the square hole (221) is provided on the upper surface of the bottom plate (22); and each outer wall surface of the second box body (23) is not connected to the inner wall surface of the first box body (21).
3. A freshness detection device for shelled agricultural products according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two longitudinal side plates of the second box body (23) are respectively provided with a plurality of evenly distributed ventilation openings (231); the upper surface of the bottom plate (22) is symmetrically provided with a plurality of guide plates (24) located outside the two transverse plates of the second box body (23); one side of one group of ventilation openings (231) is provided with a micro fan (25) mounted on the bottom surface of the partition plate (4).
4. A freshness detection device for shelled agricultural products according to claim 3, characterized in that: Support seats (222) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lower surface of the bottom plate (22).
5. The freshness detection device for shelled agricultural products according to claim 1, characterized in that: A convex opening (41) is provided at the center of the partition (4), and a sealing ring (42) that cooperates with the sensor assembly (7) is provided at the edge of the convex opening (41).
6. The freshness detection device for shelled agricultural products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor assembly (7) comprises a disk (71) and a plurality of sensors (72) evenly mounted on the disk (71); a wire disk (73) is threadedly connected to the lower surface of the disk (71); and the wire disk (73) is provided with a wiring channel (74).
7. A freshness detection device for shelled agricultural products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the air chamber top cover (3) is provided with a T-shaped slide groove (31), the bottom surface of the T-shaped slide groove (31) is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed connection holes (32), the display mounting frame (8) comprises a T-shaped base (81) matched with the T-shaped slide groove (31), the upper surface of the T-shaped base (81) is dampingly connected with a support rod (82), the support rod (82) is dampingly connected with a support plate (83), a baffle (84) for blocking the display (9) is provided at the lower part of the outer side of the support plate (83) which abuts against the display (9), and connection through holes (811) matched with the connection holes (32) are respectively provided at both ends of the T-shaped base (81).