Experimental device for measuring work function of metal electrons
By designing an integrated metal electronic escape work measurement experimental device, the problems of complex operation and large error caused by the split structure of the existing device are solved, and the convenience and accuracy of the experiment are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421815884.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-30
AI Technical Summary
The existing metal electronics escape work measurement teaching experimental devices have a split structure, which is troublesome in wiring during experiments, which easily leads to damage caused by connection errors, and the use of electromagnetic measurement meters can easily lead to large experimental errors.
An integrated metal electronic escape power measurement experimental device is designed, including a chassis, a voltage-regulating power supply board, a vacuum diode seat, a vacuum diode, a digital anode ammeter, anode voltmeter and a filament ammeter. All measurement equipment is centrally installed on the panel, and the back components are correctly connected. There is no need to connect with wires during the experiment, which improves convenience and reduces errors through digital meter.
Through integrated design, experimental operations are simplified, the possibility of connection errors is reduced, the convenience and accuracy of experiments are improved, and experimental errors are reduced.
Smart Images
Figure CN222867179U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of teaching experimental devices, in particular to a metal electronic work function determination experimental device. Background Art
[0002] The phenomenon of electrons being emitted from a hot metal wire is called thermionic emission. The purpose of studying thermionic emission is to select suitable cathode materials. By studying the physical properties of cathode materials, we can understand their thermionic emission performance.
[0003] To measure the work function of metal materials, the metal wire to be measured is made into the cathode of the diode. A metal electrode is placed outside the cathode as the anode of the diode, and a vacuum glass tube is placed in it, which is called an ideal vacuum diode. The metal wire is heated by current, and an accelerating electric field voltage is applied to the two ends of the diode. After measuring the cathode temperature, anode voltage and emission current, the logarithm of the zero-field current I is obtained. The work function (work function) of the metal material can be calculated.
[0004] Using tungsten as the cathode (filament) material of the ideal diode means designing the electrode into a geometric shape that can be strictly analyzed, a coaxial cylindrical system; limiting the cathode emission surface to be measured within a certain length with uniform temperature and approximately treating the electrode as infinitely long, that is, an ideal state without edge effects. In order to avoid the cold end effect of the cathode (lower temperatures at both ends) and edge effects such as uneven electric field, an auxiliary (protective) anode is installed at each end of the anode. They are connected inside the tube and then led out of the tube, but the anode is insulated from them. Therefore, although the same voltage is applied to the protective anode as the anode, its current is not included in the measured thermal electron emission current. According to the filament (cathode) current If of the calibrated ideal diode, it can be measured with a more accurate digital ammeter, and the cathode temperature T can be obtained by looking up the calibration table, or the corresponding cathode temperature T can be obtained by using T=920.0+1600If; the size of the work function plays a decisive role in the strength of thermal electron emission;
[0005] In the existing technology, the metal electronic work function measurement teaching experimental device has a split structure, which is troublesome to connect during the experiment, and it is easy to cause damage due to wrong connection during the connection. In addition, the electromagnetic measuring meter is used during the experiment, which is easy to cause large experimental errors. Therefore, a metal electronic work function measurement experimental device is proposed, which can facilitate the experiment and improve the experimental error. Summary of the invention
[0006] The utility model aims to solve the above problems and provides a metal electronic work function determination experimental device.
[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: a metal electronic work function measurement experimental device, which is characterized by comprising a chassis, a voltage-stabilizing power supply board installed in the chassis, a vacuum diode holder installed on the chassis, and a vacuum diode installed on the vacuum diode holder; the chassis is also equipped with a digital anode ammeter, an anode voltmeter and a filament ammeter.
[0008] Preferably, the chassis is further provided with a panel; the panel is provided with a measurement principle diagram.
[0009] Preferably, the anode ammeter, anode voltmeter and filament ammeter on the chassis are all located at corresponding positions of the measurement schematic diagram.
[0010] Preferably, a voltage-dividing resistor is installed at a corresponding position of the measurement principle diagram.
[0011] Preferably, a filament voltage regulator and an anode voltage regulator connected to a voltage-stabilizing power supply board are also installed on the panel of the chassis.
[0012] Preferably, a power switch and an indicator light are also installed on the panel.
[0013] Preferably, a transparent tube cover is installed outside the vacuum diode to prevent convection air from affecting the cathode temperature.
[0014] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: by centrally installing the voltage-stabilizing power supply board, vacuum diode holder, anode ammeter, anode voltmeter and filament ammeter on the panel, all components behind the panel are correctly connected and connected to the voltage-stabilizing power supply board, and no wire is needed for connection during the experiment, thereby improving the convenience of the experiment and allowing students to concentrate on research;
[0015] By using digital anode current meter, anode voltage meter and filament current meter, the reading is highly accurate and intuitive, and the error of the experiment is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model.
[0017] Figure 2 It is a panel schematic diagram of the utility model.
[0018] Figure 3 It is a principle diagram of the utility model.
[0019] Legend: 1. Vacuum diode; 2. Chassis; 3. Panel; 4. Voltage-stabilized power supply board; 5. Filament voltage regulator; 6. Anode voltage regulator; 7. Anode ammeter; 8. Anode voltmeter; 9. Filament ammeter; 10. Transparent tube cover; 11. Power switch; 12. Indicator light; 13. Vacuum diode holder; 14. Voltage-dividing resistor; 15. Measurement schematic diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] The following is a further description of the metal electron work function measurement experimental device described in the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0021] It should be noted that all directional indications such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc. in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture as shown in the accompanying drawings. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.
[0022] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0023] Participate in the Figure 1-3 As shown, in the present embodiment, a metal electronic work function determination experimental device is characterized by comprising a chassis 2, a voltage-stabilizing power supply board 4 installed in the chassis 2, a vacuum diode holder 13 installed on the chassis 2, and a vacuum diode 1 installed on the vacuum diode holder 13; the chassis 2 is also equipped with a digital anode ammeter 7, an anode voltmeter 8, and a filament ammeter 9; by centrally installing the voltage-stabilizing power supply board 4, the vacuum diode holder 13, the anode ammeter 7, the anode voltmeter 8, and the filament ammeter 9 on the panel 3, all the components behind the panel 3 are correctly connected according to the principle and connected to the voltage-stabilizing power supply board 4, and no wire is required for connection during the experiment, thereby improving the convenience of the experiment; by using the digital anode ammeter 7, the anode voltmeter 8, and the filament ammeter 9, the accuracy is high and the reading is intuitive and convenient, and the error of the experiment is reduced.
[0024] Participate in the Figure 1-2As shown, the chassis 2 is also provided with a panel 3; the panel 3 is provided with a measurement schematic diagram 15; the anode ammeter 7, anode voltmeter 8 and filament ammeter 9 on the chassis 2 are all located at corresponding positions of the measurement schematic diagram 15; a voltage divider resistor 14 is also installed at the corresponding position of the measurement schematic diagram 15; by directly setting the measurement schematic diagram 15 on the panel 3, and setting the anode ammeter 7, anode voltmeter 8, filament ammeter 9 and voltage divider resistor 14 at corresponding positions of the measurement schematic diagram 15, it is convenient for the experimenter to know the principle of the experiment during the experiment.
[0025] Participate in the Figure 1-2 As shown, a filament voltage regulator 5 and an anode voltage regulator 6 connected to a voltage-stabilizing power supply board 4 are also installed on the panel 3 of the chassis 2; a power switch 11 and an indicator light 12 are also installed on the panel 3; the filament voltage regulator 5 and the anode voltage regulator 6 are arranged on the panel 3 to adjust the magnitude of the filament voltage and the anode voltage, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the filament voltage and the anode voltage.
[0026] Participate in the Figure 1 As shown, a transparent tube cover 10 is installed outside the vacuum diode 1 to prevent convection air from affecting the cathode temperature. By installing the transparent tube cover 10 outside the vacuum diode 1, convection air is prevented from affecting the cathode temperature, thereby improving the accuracy of the experiment.
[0027] The experimental process of the utility model is as follows: first, the vacuum diode 1 to be tested is inserted into the vacuum diode holder 13, and a transparent tube cover 10 is set outside the vacuum diode 1 to prevent convection air from affecting the cathode temperature. Then, the power switch 11 is turned on to energize the vacuum diode 1, and the digital anode ammeter 7, anode voltage meter 8 and filament ammeter 9 display corresponding values. Then, by rotating the filament voltage regulator 5 and the anode voltage regulator 6, the filament voltage and the anode voltage are adjusted, and the value changes on the anode ammeter 7 and the filament ammeter 9 are observed to obtain the logarithm of the zero-field current, and then the work function of the metal material is calculated.
[0028] The above embodiments are intended to illustrate the present invention, not to limit the present invention. Any solution that is a simple transformation of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An experimental device for measuring the work function of metal electrons, characterized in that it comprises a chassis (2), a voltage-stabilizing power supply board (4) installed in the chassis (2), a vacuum diode holder (13) installed on the chassis (2), and a vacuum diode (1) installed on the vacuum diode holder (13); the chassis (2) is also equipped with a digital anode ammeter (7), an anode voltmeter (8), and a filament ammeter (9).
2. The metal electronic work function measurement experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chassis (2) is also provided with a panel (3); the panel (3) is provided with a measurement principle diagram (15).
3. The metal electronic work function measurement experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anode current meter (7), the anode voltage meter (8) and the filament current meter (9) on the chassis (2) are all located at corresponding positions of the measurement principle diagram (15).
4. The metal electronic work function measurement experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A voltage dividing resistor (14) is also installed at the corresponding position of the measurement principle diagram (15).
5. The metal electronic work function measurement experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A filament voltage regulator (5) and an anode voltage regulator (6) connected to the voltage-stabilizing power supply board (4) are also installed on the panel (3) of the chassis (2).
6. The metal electronic work function measurement experimental device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A power switch (11) and an indicator light (12) are also mounted on the panel (3).
7. The metal electronic work function measurement experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A transparent tube cover (10) is also installed outside the vacuum diode (1) to prevent convective air from affecting the cathode temperature.