Charge and discharge management device for rechargeable battery

Abstract

The utility model discloses a charging and discharging management device for a rechargeable battery. The charging and discharging management device comprises a charging switch, a discharging switch and a program-controlled circuit breaker, wherein the charging switch and the discharging switch are arranged on a power bus between a rechargeable battery pack and charging and discharging equipment; the output end of the switch driver is electrically connected with the charging switch and the discharging switch; one input end of the main controller is electrically connected with the positive electrode end of the battery pack through a first voltage collector; one input end of the slave controller is electrically connected with each single battery in the battery pack through a second voltage collector; and the output end of the slave controller is electrically connected with the switch driver. Based on the charging and discharging management device for the rechargeable battery, when an abnormal condition occurs, a power supply can be quickly cut off, and once the abnormal condition is eliminated, the connection can be automatically recovered, so that the continuous operation of the charging and discharging work of the battery is ensured; in addition, dual data acquisition and redundancy control are also provided, and more comprehensive and reliable battery management is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery charging and discharging safety, in particular to a rechargeable battery charging and discharging management device. Background Art

[0002] In the current energy storage field, lithium batteries are widely used in a variety of electronic devices and electric vehicles due to their high energy density, long life and wide operating temperature range. However, lithium batteries may encounter overcharging, overheating, overcurrent and other conditions during use, which can cause battery overheating, life reduction, and even fire or explosion. Especially when forming a high-current charge and discharge battery pack, the safety risk increases significantly, which may cause serious damage to personnel and equipment.

[0003] Existing lithium battery protection technology mainly relies on fuses outside the battery body for secondary protection. Although this method can achieve overcurrent or short-circuit protection, it cannot effectively prevent overcharging and overtemperature, so it is difficult to meet more stringent safety certification standards. In addition, traditional secondary protection solutions such as three-terminal fuses and relays have many shortcomings: three-terminal fuses are easily triggered by battery voltage fluctuations, and once they are blown, they cannot be automatically restored and need to be replaced manually; and relays not only consume high power during use, but are also prone to arcing and adhesion in high current environments, leading to failure, which is not ideal in terms of cost, reliability and energy saving.

[0004] In addition, in the prior art, the on / off of the battery bus circuit is generally controlled by only a single control circuit and a parameter acquisition circuit. If the parameter acquisition is inaccurate or the processor crashes, it will lead to incorrect control of the charge and discharge switch. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a rechargeable battery charge and discharge management device which can automatically recover after eliminating a single fault and has high safety redundancy.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a rechargeable battery charge and discharge management device, which includes:

[0007] A charging switch and a discharging switch, wherein the charging switch and the discharging switch are arranged on a power bus between a rechargeable battery pack and a charging and discharging device, the charging switch is used to control the on / off of a charging circuit of the battery pack, and the discharging switch is used to control the on / off of a discharging circuit of the battery pack;

[0008] A program-controlled circuit breaker, which is arranged on the power bus and is used to control the on / off of the power bus;

[0009] a switch driver, whose output end is electrically connected to the charging switch and the discharging switch;

[0010] A main controller, wherein one input end is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery pack through a first voltage collector, the first voltage collector is used to collect the total voltage of the battery pack, one output end of the main controller is electrically connected to the switch driver; another output end of the main controller is electrically connected to the programmable circuit breaker, and is used to control the state of the programmable circuit breaker;

[0011] A slave controller, wherein an input end thereof is electrically connected to each battery cell in the battery pack through a second voltage collector, wherein the second voltage collector is used to collect the voltage of each battery cell; an output end of the slave controller is electrically connected to the switch driver;

[0012] The slave controller is communicatively connected with the master controller;

[0013] The switch driver is used to control the states of the charging switch and the discharging switch according to the outputs of the master controller and the slave controller

[0014] Preferably, the power bus is also provided with a first current collector and a second current collector connected in parallel for collecting the current on the power bus, the first current collector is electrically connected to the slave controller, and the second current collector is electrically connected to the master controller.

[0015] Preferably, the first current collector and the second current collector are both resistors.

[0016] Preferably, the programmable circuit breaker includes a circuit breaker, a drive motor connected to the circuit breaker, and a motor driver electrically connected to the drive motor, wherein the drive motor is used to drive the operation of the circuit breaker, and the motor driver is electrically connected to another output terminal of the main controller.

[0017] Preferably, it further comprises a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the battery pack, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the slave controller.

[0018] Preferably, the charging switch and the discharging switch are MOS tube switches or relay switches.

[0019] Preferably, the first voltage collector comprises a voltage-dividing circuit composed of a plurality of resistors, the voltage-dividing circuit is provided with a voltage collecting point, and the voltage collecting point is electrically connected to the main controller.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the rechargeable battery charge and discharge management device provided by the above technical solution of the utility model is provided with a programmable circuit breaker on the power bus. When the charging switch or the discharging switch is disconnected and an abnormal situation still occurs, the programmable circuit breaker can quickly cut off the power supply to avoid potential safety accidents. Once the abnormal condition is eliminated, it can automatically restore the connection to ensure the continuous operation of the battery charging and discharging work without manual intervention, thereby providing higher operational convenience and economic benefits; in addition, through the dual data collection and control of the main controller and the slave controller, dual data collection and redundant control are provided, realizing more comprehensive and reliable battery management, ensuring that the battery pack can work stably under complex circumstances. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a principle structure diagram of a rechargeable battery charge and discharge management device in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a circuit schematic diagram of the first voltage collector in an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to explain the technical content, structural features, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention in detail, the following is a detailed description in conjunction with the implementation modes and the accompanying drawings.

[0024] This embodiment discloses a rechargeable battery charge and discharge management device, which is arranged between a rechargeable battery pack and a charging device to achieve charge and discharge management of the battery pack and improve the safety and reliability of the battery pack. The battery pack in this embodiment is composed of a plurality of battery cells, and the battery cells are lithium iron phosphate batteries, but are not limited thereto, and can also be rechargeable batteries made of other materials.

[0025] like Figure 1 The management device in this embodiment includes a charging switch K1, a discharging switch K2, a programmable circuit breaker 1, a switch driver 4, a master controller 2 and a slave controller 3.

[0026] As for the charging switch K1 and the discharging switch K2, both are arranged on the power bus L between the rechargeable battery pack BT and the charging and discharging device 5. The charging switch K1 is used to control the on / off of the charging circuit of the battery pack BT, and the discharging switch K2 is used to control the on / off of the discharging circuit of the battery pack BT. Specifically, when the charging operation is performed on the charging pack BT, the charging switch K1 is closed to connect the power circuit between the battery pack BT and the charging device; when the battery pack BT is discharged to the outside, the discharging switch K2 is closed to connect the power circuit between the battery pack BT and the discharging device.

[0027] The program-controlled circuit breaker 1 is arranged on the power bus L to control the on / off of the power bus L. When the program-controlled circuit breaker 1 is in the off state, the power bus L is in the off state, at which point neither the charging nor the discharging operation can be performed. When the program-controlled circuit breaker 1 is in the on state, if the charging switch K1 is closed, the charging operation is performed, and if the discharging switch K2 is closed, the discharging operation is performed.

[0028] As for the switch driver 4 , an output end thereof is electrically connected to the charging switch K1 and the discharging switch K2 , and the switch driver 4 is used to drive the on / off state of the charging switch K1 and the discharging switch K2 .

[0029] One of the input ends of the main controller 2 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery pack BT through the first voltage collector U1, and the first voltage collector U1 is used to collect the total voltage of the battery pack BT. One of the output ends of the main controller 2 is electrically connected to the switch driver 4. Another output end of the main controller 2 is electrically connected to the programmable circuit breaker 1, and is used to control the state of the programmable circuit breaker 1.

[0030] One input terminal of the slave controller 3 is electrically connected to each battery cell in the battery pack BT through a second voltage collector U2 , and the second voltage collector U2 is used to collect the voltage of each battery cell. The output terminal of the slave controller 3 is electrically connected to the switch driver 4 .

[0031] The slave controller 3 is also connected in communication with the master controller 2 .

[0032] The switch driver 4 is used to control the states of the charging switch K1 and the discharging switch K2 according to the outputs of the master controller 2 and the slave controller 3 .

[0033] In this embodiment, dual voltage acquisition is performed on the battery pack BT through the main controller 2 and the slave controller 3. When any acquisition result is abnormal, a safety control signal is sent to the switch driver 4, and the switch driver 4 controls the charging switch K1 or the discharging switch K2 to enter the disconnected state. Moreover, after the switch driver 4 sends a signal to disconnect the charging switch K1 or the discharging switch K2, if the abnormality persists, the main controller 2 also controls the programmable circuit breaker 1 to be in the disconnected state to completely disconnect the power bus L.

[0034] On the other hand, the power bus L is also provided with a first current collector R1 and a second current collector R2 connected in parallel for collecting the current on the power bus L, the first current collector R1 is electrically connected to the slave controller 3, and the second current collector R2 is electrically connected to the main controller 2. In this embodiment, the slave controller 3 and the main controller 2 respectively perform dual-channel current collection on the charging or discharging of the battery pack BT through the first current collector R1 and the second current collector R2, and send corresponding control signals to the switch driver 4 according to the collection results to control the states of the charging switch K1 and the discharging switch K2.

[0035] Based on the management device of the above structure, the working principle thereof is described in detail below by taking charging operation as an example.

[0036] When the battery pack BT is in a charging state, the main controller 2 collects the total voltage of the battery pack BT in real time according to the first voltage collector U1, and collects the current on the power bus L through the second current collector R2.

[0037] At the same time, the slave controller 3 collects the voltage of each battery cell in the battery pack BT through the second voltage collector U2 , and collects the current on the power bus L through the first current collector R1 . The slave controller 3 also transmits the detected data to the master controller 2 .

[0038] Whether it is the main controller 2 or the slave controller 3, when it is determined that the battery pack BT is abnormal based on the detected voltage and current data, a signal is sent to the switch driver 4 so that the switch driver 4 controls the charging switch K1 to be in the disconnected state. At the same time, if, after the charging switch K1 enters the disconnected state, the main controller 2 still detects an abnormal signal, for example, the current on the power bus L collected by the second current collector R2 and / or the current on the power bus L collected by the first current collector R1 is greater than the threshold value, then the main controller 2 controls the programmable circuit breaker 1 to be in the disconnected state. When the current on the power bus L collected by the second current collector R2 and / or the current on the power bus L collected by the first current collector R1 returns to normal, the main controller 2 drives the programmable circuit breaker 1 to close.

[0039] It can be seen that in the present application, firstly, since a programmable circuit breaker 1 is provided on the power bus L, when the charging switch K1 or the discharging switch K2 is disconnected and an abnormal situation still occurs, the programmable circuit breaker 1 can quickly cut off the power supply to avoid potential safety accidents, and once the abnormal condition is eliminated, it can automatically restore the connection to ensure the continuous operation of the battery charging and discharging work without manual intervention, thereby providing higher operational convenience and economic benefits; in addition, through the dual data collection and control of the main controller 2 and the slave controller 3, dual data collection and redundant control are provided, thereby realizing more comprehensive and reliable battery management, ensuring that the battery pack BT can work stably under complex circumstances.

[0040] On the other hand, the first current collector R1 and the second current collector R2 are both resistors. The slave controller 3 and the main controller 2 collect the voltages at both ends of the first current collector R1 and the second current collector R2 respectively, and then convert the collected voltages into corresponding currents.

[0041] On the other hand, the programmable circuit breaker 1 includes a circuit breaker K3, a driving motor M connected to the circuit breaker K3, and a motor driver 10 electrically connected to the driving motor M. The driving motor M is used to drive the circuit breaker K3 to operate, and the motor driver 10 is electrically connected to another output terminal of the main controller 2. In this embodiment, the main controller 2 controls the driving motor M to rotate forward or reverse by sending a corresponding control signal to the motor driver 10, so as to drive the circuit breaker K3 to perform an opening or closing action through the driving motor M.

[0042] On the other hand, the rechargeable battery charge and discharge management device in this embodiment further includes a temperature sensor T for detecting the temperature of the battery pack BT, and the temperature sensor T is electrically connected to the slave controller 3. In this embodiment, the slave controller 3 monitors the temperature in the battery pack BT in real time according to the temperature sensor T, and when the temperature exceeds a threshold, sends a control signal to the switch driver 4 to disconnect the charging switch K1 or the discharging switch K2.

[0043] Specifically, the charging switch K1 and the discharging switch K2 are MOS tube switches or relay switches.

[0044] On the other hand, Figure 2 The first voltage collector U1 includes a voltage divider circuit composed of a plurality of resistors, and a voltage collection point DO is provided on the voltage divider circuit, and the voltage collection point DO is electrically connected to the main controller 2. The voltage divider circuit includes three voltage divider resistors R3, R4, and R5 connected in series between the positive terminal BT+ of the battery pack BT and the power ground GND, and the voltage collection point DO is located between the voltage divider resistors R4 and R5. The slave controller 3 converts the voltage signal B+ collected from the voltage collection point DO into the total voltage of the battery pack BT.

[0045] The above disclosure is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, which certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention are still within the scope covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A rechargeable battery charge and discharge management device, characterized in that: include: A charging switch and a discharging switch, wherein the charging switch and the discharging switch are arranged on a power bus between a rechargeable battery pack and a charging and discharging device, the charging switch is used to control the on / off of a charging circuit of the battery pack, and the discharging switch is used to control the on / off of a discharging circuit of the battery pack; A program-controlled circuit breaker, which is arranged on the power bus and is used to control the on / off of the power bus; a switch driver, whose output end is electrically connected to the charging switch and the discharging switch; A main controller, wherein one input end is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery pack through a first voltage collector, the first voltage collector is used to collect the total voltage of the battery pack, one output end of the main controller is electrically connected to the switch driver; another output end of the main controller is electrically connected to the programmable circuit breaker, and is used to control the state of the programmable circuit breaker; A slave controller, wherein an input end thereof is electrically connected to each battery cell in the battery pack through a second voltage collector, wherein the second voltage collector is used to collect the voltage of each battery cell; an output end of the slave controller is electrically connected to the switch driver; The slave controller is communicatively connected with the master controller; The switch driver is used to control the states of the charging switch and the discharging switch according to the outputs of the master controller and the slave controller.

2. The rechargeable battery charge and discharge management device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power bus is also provided with a first current collector and a second current collector connected in parallel for collecting the current on the power bus, the first current collector is electrically connected to the slave controller, and the second current collector is electrically connected to the master controller.

3. The rechargeable battery charge and discharge management device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first current collector and the second current collector are both resistors.

4. The rechargeable battery charge and discharge management device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The programmable circuit breaker includes a circuit breaker, a driving motor connected to the circuit breaker, and a motor driver electrically connected to the driving motor, wherein the driving motor is used to drive the circuit breaker to operate, and the motor driver is electrically connected to another output terminal of the main controller.

5. The rechargeable battery charge and discharge management device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the battery pack is also included, and the temperature sensor is electrically connected to the slave controller.

6. The rechargeable battery charge and discharge management device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging switch and the discharging switch are MOS tube switches or relay switches.

7. The rechargeable battery charge and discharge management device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first voltage collector includes a voltage-dividing circuit composed of a plurality of resistors. A voltage-dividing point is arranged on the voltage-dividing circuit, and the voltage-dividing point is electrically connected to the main controller.

Images