Battery roll core heat dissipation structure, single battery and battery pack
By designing the heat dissipation structure of the battery core, using the phase change materials in the insulating components and the heat dissipation components, the problem of inefficient fit between the side of the battery case and the arc section of the core is solved, and a more efficient battery cooling effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421829093.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-30
AI Technical Summary
The fit of the side plane section of the existing battery case and the arc section of the roll core is insufficient, resulting in empty space at the corners of the roll core arc, and the heat dissipation material cannot contact the roll core, resulting in low heat dissipation efficiency.
A battery core heat dissipation structure is designed, including an insulating component and a heat dissipation component. The insulating component consists of a heat dissipation shell and a core chamber housing. The heat dissipation component is equipped with a phase change material by providing a first heat dissipation chamber on the outer periphery of the insulating component to fully utilize the vacant area to improve the contact area and heat dissipation efficiency.
By increasing the contact area between the phase change material and the roll core, the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery roll core is improved, and the problem of low heat dissipation efficiency caused by insufficient fit between the traditional battery shell and the roll core is solved.
Smart Images
Figure CN222887873U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of temperature regulation of battery packs, and particularly to a heat dissipation structure for a battery core, a single battery, and a battery pack. Background Art
[0002] As an important component of electric vehicles and energy storage systems, the performance of secondary batteries is significantly affected by temperature during actual use, and it is only suitable in the temperature range of 20°C - 45°C. A large amount of heat is generated during the use of secondary batteries, and the long-term high-temperature environment poses great hazards to the service life and safety performance of the batteries. Therefore, a thermal management system is needed to regulate the temperature of the batteries. Currently, the common cooling methods for batteries generally include air cooling and liquid cooling. However, regardless of the cooling method, the cooling components are arranged outside the battery housing, and what ultimately needs to be cooled is the core inside the battery housing. The thermal resistance of the heat transfer path between the core and the housing inevitably becomes the biggest obstacle.
[0003] Most of the housings of the square shell battery cells on the current market have a problem. The inner side of the housing corresponds to the arc section of the core. However, due to the flat section on the side of the square housing, the fit between the two is low, and the side of the battery housing cannot contact the core, resulting in blocked heat transfer and the inability to make full use of the side area. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] This application provides a heat dissipation structure for a battery core, a single battery, and a battery pack, which can solve the technical problem in the prior art that the fit between the flat section on the side of the traditional battery housing and the arc section of the core is insufficient, resulting in the vacancy at the arc corner of the core and the inability of the heat dissipation material inside the housing to contact the arc section of the core, leading to low heat dissipation efficiency.
[0005] In the first aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a heat dissipation structure for a battery core, including:
[0006] An insulating component, which includes a heat dissipation housing and a core chamber housing;
[0007] A heat dissipation component, which includes a first heat dissipation chamber arranged between the heat dissipation housing and the core chamber housing, and a phase change material is loaded in the first heat dissipation chamber.
[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementation manner, the number of the core chamber housings is at least one. When the number of the core chamber housings is multiple, the multiple core chamber housings are arranged along the width direction of the heat dissipation housing, and there is a gap between them, and a phase change material is also loaded in the gap.
[0009] In one embodiment, a plurality of insulating isolation plates are disposed in the first heat dissipation chamber, and the plurality of insulating isolation plates are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction to divide the interior of the first heat dissipation chamber to form a plurality of phase change material loading spaces.
[0010] In one embodiment, a plurality of the insulating isolation plates are arranged equidistantly.
[0011] In one embodiment, the spacing distances between the plurality of insulating isolation plates decreases from bottom to top.
[0012] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a single cell battery, the single cell battery comprising an upper cover, a metal battery shell, a battery core and the above-mentioned battery core heat dissipation structure, the battery core heat dissipation structure is located between the battery core and the metal battery shell, and the upper cover is provided on the opening of the metal battery shell.
[0013] Combined with the second aspect, in one embodiment, the upper cover includes a positive column unit and a negative column unit arranged in parallel, and a second heat dissipation chamber is provided at the bottom of the positive column unit and the bottom of the negative column unit.
[0014] In one embodiment, the second heat dissipation chamber is made of insulating material and is loaded with phase change material.
[0015] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery pack, the battery pack comprising a plurality of the above-mentioned single cells and a battery pack box, and the plurality of the single cells are arranged in parallel in the battery pack box.
[0016] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one embodiment, flow channel plates are provided on both sides of the battery pack box.
[0017] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application include:
[0018] The battery core heat dissipation structure provided in the present application makes full use of the vacant area of the arc of the core in the square battery that cannot directly contact the shell by setting a first heat dissipation chamber for loading phase change material in the outer periphery of the core chamber, thereby increasing the contact area between the phase change material and the core and improving the heat dissipation efficiency. Brief Description of the Figures
[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0020] Figure 1Schematic diagram of a battery core heat dissipation structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;
[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a single battery structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;
[0022] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of an upper cover structure of a single battery provided by an embodiment of the present application;
[0023] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a single battery explosion provided by an embodiment of the present application;
[0024] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a battery pack structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.
[0025] In the figure: 1. Heat dissipation housing; 2. Upper cover body; 201. Positive terminal unit; 202. Negative terminal unit; 3. Core chamber housing; 4. First heat dissipation chamber; 5. Insulating separator; 6. Second heat dissipation chamber; 7. Battery core; 8. Flow channel plate; 9. Metal battery housing. Detailed implementation manners
[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
[0027] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery core heat dissipation structure, which can solve the technical problem in the prior art that the fit between the traditional battery housing and the arc section of the core is insufficient, resulting in the vacancy at the arc corner, and the housing cannot contact the arc section of the core, resulting in low heat dissipation efficiency.
[0028] The battery core heat dissipation structure provided in the present application includes an insulating component and a heat dissipation component. The insulating component is made of insulating materials as a whole, and the heat dissipation component is a chamber filled with phase change materials arranged in the insulating component to improve the heat dissipation effect of the battery core.
[0029] In the second aspect, the present application also provides a single battery, which includes an upper cover body 2, a metal battery housing 9, a battery core 7 and the battery core heat dissipation structure provided in the present application, Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a single battery structure provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of a single battery explosion provided by an embodiment of the present application. It can be seen that the battery core heat dissipation structure is located between the battery core 7 and the metal battery housing 9, and the upper cover body 2 covers the opening of the metal battery housing 9.
[0030] Specifically, Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a battery core heat dissipation structure provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 1 shown, the battery core heat dissipation structure in the present application includes an insulating component and a heat dissipation component. The insulating component includes a heat dissipation housing 1 and a core chamber housing 3; the heat dissipation component includes a first heat dissipation chamber 4 provided between the heat dissipation housing 1 and the core chamber housing 3, and a phase change material is loaded in the first heat dissipation chamber 4.
[0031] In the traditional technology, a layer of mylar film needs to be additionally wrapped around the outer periphery of the battery core 7, and then it is placed in the metal battery housing 9. However, the insulating component of the battery core heat dissipation structure in the present application is integrally made of insulating materials, and this battery core heat dissipation structure can be directly placed between the core chamber housing 3 and the metal battery housing 9, without the need for additional insulation treatment work on the battery core 7.
[0032] Further, the number of core chamber housings 3 is at least one, and when the number of core chamber housings 3 is multiple, the multiple core chamber housings 3 are arranged along the width direction of the heat dissipation housing 1, and there are gaps between them, and phase change materials are also loaded in the gaps.
[0033] As Figure 1 shown, the multiple core chamber housings 3 form multiple chambers for placing the battery cores 7, and the number of core chamber housings 3 corresponds to the number of battery cores 7. The number of battery cores 7 in a single battery directly affects the voltage and capacity of the single battery. The voltage and capacity of a single battery are two key parameters, and they jointly determine the basic performance of the single battery. By combining the battery cores 7 in series and parallel, different voltage and capacity requirements can be met. Therefore, in the present application, the number of core chamber housings 3 is at least one, and when the number of core chamber housings 3 is multiple, the multiple core chamber housings 3 are arranged along the width direction of the heat dissipation housing 1, and there are gaps between them, and phase change materials are also loaded in the gaps. It should be noted that the gaps between the multiple core chamber housings 3 are also part of the first heat dissipation chamber 4 and are filled with phase change materials, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the battery core 7.
[0034] A plurality of insulating partition plates 5 are provided in the first heat dissipation chamber 4, and the plurality of insulating partition plates 5 are arranged at longitudinal intervals to divide the interior of the first heat dissipation chamber 4 to form a plurality of phase change material loading spaces.
[0035] It should be noted that a phase change material refers to a material that changes its physical state at a constant temperature and can provide latent heat. The process of changing physical properties is called a phase change process, during which the phase change material will absorb or release a large amount of latent heat.
[0036] Since there is a temperature gradient in the height direction of the battery core 7, usually the temperature of the upper part of the battery core 7 is higher. Therefore, the phase change material in the upper part of the battery core 7 will first melt at a high temperature, and after melting, it will sink downward and accumulate at the bottom of the battery core 7. After several cycles, the phase change material near the upper part of the battery core 7 decreases, thereby reducing the cooling efficiency of the upper part. At the same time, the volume of the phase change material accumulated at the bottom expands after re-solidification, which may squeeze the expansion space at the bottom of the battery core 7 and affect the expansion and contraction of the battery core 7 during the charging and discharging processes. In this application, by arranging a plurality of insulating partition plates 5 arranged longitudinally at intervals in the first heat dissipation chamber 4, the flow area of the phase change material after melting can be restricted in the height direction of the battery core 7. The smaller interval limits the deformation amount of the phase change material after repeated use, still maintaining the original state, with uniform distribution, slowing down the deformation degree of the phase change material, and ensuring that it still has good thermal conductivity after repeated melting and solidification as much as possible, making the distribution of the phase change material more uniform and improving the utilization rate of the phase change material.
[0037] As an implementation manner of arranging the insulating partition plates 5, a plurality of insulating partition plates 5 are arranged at equal intervals. At this time, the plurality of insulating partition plates 5 longitudinally divide the first heat dissipation chamber 4 into a plurality of heat dissipation spaces with the same size, and each heat dissipation space is filled with a phase change material.
[0038] As another implementation manner of arranging the insulating partition plates 5, the interval distances between the plurality of insulating partition plates 5 decrease successively from bottom to top. At this time, the plurality of insulating partition plates 5 longitudinally divide the first heat dissipation chamber 4 into a plurality of heat dissipation spaces with inconsistent sizes, and in the longitudinal direction from bottom to top, the heat dissipation spaces become denser. Each heat dissipation space is filled with a phase change material. By making the interval distances between the plurality of insulating partition plates 5 decrease successively from bottom to top, the heat dissipation spaces filled with the phase change material become denser in the longitudinal direction from bottom to top, so that the heat dissipation effect of the upper part of the single battery is better.
[0039] Furthermore, Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the upper cover body 2 in a single battery provided by an embodiment of the present application, as Figure 3As shown in the figure, the upper cover body 2 includes a juxtaposed positive electrode column unit 201 and a negative electrode column unit 202. A second heat dissipation chamber 6 is provided at the bottom of both the positive electrode column unit 201 and the negative electrode column unit 202. The material of the second heat dissipation chamber 6 is also made of insulating material, and a phase change material is loaded in the second heat dissipation chamber 6. The positive electrode column unit 201 and the negative electrode column unit 202 are conventional designs for the battery path. In actual use, when the current passes through the electrode column, it will also cause the temperature to be too high. Therefore, in order to further improve the heat dissipation efficiency inside the battery, in this application, a second heat dissipation chamber 6 made of insulating material and loaded with a phase change material is added to the vacant areas at the bottoms of the positive electrode column unit 201 and the negative electrode column unit 202, which can absorb the heat generated by mechanical parts to a certain extent so as to achieve the effect of cooling the electrode column. The size and shape of the second heat dissipation chamber 6 are not specifically limited in this application, as long as it can increase the heat dissipation while ensuring the normal battery path.
[0040] Furthermore, as an optional embodiment, the phase change material in this application is preferably a graphite paraffin composite material. In the actual use process, the phase change material in the battery includes a pure phase change material and a composite phase change material. However, the pure phase change material has poor thermal conductivity. For example, paraffin only has 0.24W / m*K. Therefore, in this application, the phase change material is preferably a graphite paraffin composite material with a thermal conductivity of 4-70W / m*K. And graphite has high adsorption, which can adsorb liquid paraffin in the pores of expanded graphite, thus overcoming the problem of liquid flow of paraffin in the battery thermal management application.
[0041] The battery core heat dissipation structure provided by the embodiment of this application includes an insulating component and a heat dissipation component by setting. The insulating component includes a heat dissipation shell 1 and a core chamber shell 3. The heat dissipation component includes a first heat dissipation chamber 4 provided between the heat dissipation shell 1 and the core chamber shell 3. A phase change material is loaded in the heat dissipation chamber 4, making full use of the vacant area where the arc of the battery core 7 in the square single cell cannot directly contact the metal battery case 9. A phase change material is filled in this area, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery core. The heat dissipation shell 1 and the core chamber shell 3 play an effective role in protecting the phase change material and insulating the battery core 7; it can also make the phase change material maintain a uniform distribution after repeated contraction and expansion, reducing the temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the battery core 7.
[0042] In a third aspect, this application also provides a battery pack. Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a battery pack structure provided by the embodiment of this application, as Figure 5As shown, the battery pack includes a plurality of the above-mentioned single cells and a battery pack case (not shown in the figure), and the plurality of single cells are arranged in parallel in the battery pack case. The arrangement of the plurality of single cells in parallel is a commonly used prior art. When the plurality of single cells are arranged and connected in series with each other to form a row of battery packs, the overall working voltage is increased. The battery pack in the present application includes at least one row of battery packs. When there are multiple rows of battery packs, the multiple battery packs are connected in parallel with each other to increase the capacity of the battery and provide a larger current.
[0043] Further, after the battery pack is assembled, flow channel plates 8 are arranged on both sides of the battery pack in the battery pack case. The flow channel plates 8 can help discharge the heat generated by the battery pack, keep the temperature inside the battery pack uniform, prevent local overheating, and the heat dissipation structure of the battery core in the single cell cooperates with the flow channel plates 8 on both sides of the battery pack, which can ensure the improvement of the overall heat dissipation efficiency of the battery pack and improve the temperature control work of the battery pack.
[0044] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper" and "lower" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0045] It should be noted that in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variation thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, the element defined by the statement "including a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.
[0046] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.
Claims
1. A battery core heat dissipation structure, characterized in that: include: An insulating component, the insulating component comprising a heat dissipation shell (1) and a winding core chamber shell (3); A heat dissipation component comprises a first heat dissipation chamber (4) arranged between the heat dissipation shell (1) and the winding core chamber shell (3), wherein the first heat dissipation chamber (4) is loaded with a phase change material.
2. A battery core heat dissipation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the core chamber shells (3) is at least one, and when the number of the core chamber shells (3) is multiple, the multiple core chamber shells (3) are arranged along the width direction of the heat dissipation shell (1), and gaps are provided between them, and phase change material is also loaded in the gaps.
3. The battery core heat dissipation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of insulating isolation plates (5) are arranged in the first heat dissipation chamber (4), and the plurality of insulating isolation plates (5) are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction so as to divide the interior of the first heat dissipation chamber (4) to form a plurality of phase change material loading spaces.
4. A battery core heat dissipation structure as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The plurality of insulating isolation plates (5) are arranged at equal distances.
5. A battery core heat dissipation structure as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The spacing distances between the plurality of insulating isolation plates (5) decreases from bottom to top.
6. A single cell battery, characterized in that: The single battery comprises an upper cover (2), a metal battery shell (9), a battery core (7) and a battery core heat dissipation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the battery core heat dissipation structure is located between the battery core (7) and the metal battery shell (9), and the upper cover (2) is arranged on the opening of the metal battery shell (9).
7. A single cell as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The upper cover body (2) comprises a positive pole column unit (201) and a negative pole column unit (202) arranged in parallel, and a second heat dissipation chamber (6) is provided at the bottom of the positive pole column unit (201) and the bottom of the negative pole column unit (202).
8. A single cell as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The second heat dissipation chamber (6) is made of insulating material and is loaded with phase change material.
9. A battery pack, characterized in that: The battery pack comprises a plurality of single cells as described in any one of claims 7 or 8 and a battery pack case, and the plurality of single cells are arranged in parallel in the battery pack case.
10. A battery pack as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: Flow channel plates (8) are provided on both sides of the battery pack case.