Casing pipe probe type in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction tank

Abstract

The utility model relates to mass spectrum detection equipment, in particular to a sleeve probe type in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrum reaction tank which comprises a mass spectrum tank, a working electrode, a reference electrode, a counter electrode, an air vent, an air outlet, a mass spectrum sample introduction pipe, a mass spectrum sample introduction sleeve and a peristaltic pump, the mass spectrum sample introduction tube is arranged above the working electrode and is concentrically arranged, and the lower end of the mass spectrum sample introduction tube is arranged close to the upper end of the working electrode; the lower end of the mass spectrum sample introduction pipe is sleeved with a hydrophobic breathable film; the mass spectrum sample introduction sleeve concentrically sleeves the mass spectrum sample introduction pipe, the side wall, close to the top, of the mass spectrum sample introduction sleeve is connected with a branch pipe, and the lower end of the branch pipe is communicated to the interior of the mass spectrum pool; and the peristaltic pump is connected to the branch pipe. Compared with the prior art, the problem of leveling between the mass spectrum sample inlet and the working electrode is solved, meanwhile, the problem of the updating mode of the electrolyte at the working electrode in the prior art is solved, and the collection efficiency of the mass spectrum is not reduced while the electrolyte on the surface of the working electrode is updated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a mass spectrometry detection device, in particular to a sleeve probe type in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell. Background Art

[0002] Electrochemistry has a wide range of applications in many fields. The electrode / solution interface is the core site that controls and influences the entire electrochemical reaction. Therefore, it is crucial to explore the reaction process at the electrode / solution interface for electrochemical reactions. In-situ differential mass spectrometry can perform qualitative or quantitative analysis of gaseous or volatile intermediates and final products produced at the electrode interface within milliseconds, and is an important tool for studying the mechanism of catalytic reactions.

[0003] The electrocatalytic reaction is a three-electrode system, namely the working electrode, the reference electrode, the counter electrode and the electrolyte. The working electrode needs to be immersed in the electrolyte. In situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry requires dynamic detection of volatile species produced on the working electrode. Therefore, a hydrophobic breathable membrane needs to be introduced to block the liquid water in the electrolyte from entering the mass spectrometry chamber, and only volatile gases are allowed to enter the mass spectrometry chamber. Electrochemical differential mass spectrometry can be classified according to the injection method of the hydrophobic breathable membrane. The use of a hydrophobic breathable membrane to seal one end of a thin tube as a mass spectrometry injection port is called a "probe type" or "capillary type".

[0004] In the in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry test system, the mass spectrometer chamber needs to have a high vacuum (~1*10 -7 hPa) to extract volatile species in the separation solution, so there must be a high degree of sealing between the hydrophobic permeable membrane and the reaction cell. The amount of volatile products on the working electrode in the electrochemical reaction is generally small, so it is necessary to accurately control the distance (generally 10 to 100 microns) and the inclination between the probe membrane injection port and the working electrode to improve the mass spectrometry collection efficiency of the volatile products to increase the signal intensity of the mass spectrometry current. The distance between the probe injection port and the working electrode is small, so the electrolyte at the working electrode needs to be updated to prevent the concentration of reactants on the electrode surface from decreasing, resulting in a decrease in the amount of products, and the accumulation of reaction products on the surface of the working electrode, causing tailing of the mass spectrometry signal.

[0005] However, the current method of updating the electrolyte at the working electrode in the mass spectrometry reaction cell will cause the generated volatile species to be carried away by the circulating electrolyte, reducing the collection efficiency of the mass spectrometer. In summary, the currently known probe-type in-situ differential mass spectrometry technology does not have the above functions at the same time, which seriously restricts the application and development of probe-type electrochemical differential mass spectrometry technology. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a sleeve probe type in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell in order to solve at least one of the above problems, so as to solve the problem of leveling between the mass spectrometry inlet and the working electrode, and at the same time solve the problem that the electrolyte renewal method at the working electrode in the prior art will cause the generated volatile species to be carried away by the circulating electrolyte, thereby reducing the collection efficiency of the mass spectrometer. The present solution realizes the renewal of the electrolyte on the surface of the working electrode without reducing the collection efficiency of the mass spectrometer.

[0007] The purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A sleeve probe type in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell, comprising a mass spectrometry cell, a working electrode, a reference electrode, a counter electrode, a vent, a gas outlet and a mass spectrometry injection tube; the mass spectrometry cell contains an electrolyte; the working electrode, the reference electrode, the counter electrode and the mass spectrometry injection tube are respectively extended below the electrolyte surface; the lower end of the vent is extended below the electrolyte surface, and the other end is connected to a gas pipeline required to be introduced; the gas outlet is connected to the inside of the mass spectrometry cell and the external atmosphere;

[0009] Also included is a mass spectrometer injection sleeve and a flow pump;

[0010] The mass spectrometer injection tube is arranged above the working electrode and is concentric with the working electrode, and the lower end of the mass spectrometer injection tube is arranged close to the upper end of the working electrode;

[0011] The lower end of the mass spectrometer injection tube is sleeved with a hydrophobic breathable membrane;

[0012] The mass spectrometer injection sleeve is concentrically sleeved on the outside of the mass spectrometer injection tube, and a branch pipe is connected to the side wall of the mass spectrometer injection sleeve near the top, and the lower end of the branch pipe is connected to the inside of the mass spectrometer pool; the peristaltic pump is connected to the branch pipe;

[0013] The mass spectrometer injection tube is assembled on a tube fixing bracket, and the tube fixing bracket is connected to the output end of a posture adjustment device, and the posture adjustment device is used to adjust the inclination and three-dimensional spatial position of the mass spectrometer injection tube.

[0014] Preferably, the mass spectrometer cell comprises a cell bottom plate, a mass spectrometer cell body and a cell cover; the lower end of the mass spectrometer cell body is screwed to the cell bottom plate and sealed between the mass spectrometer cell body and the cell bottom plate by a seal, and the upper end of the mass spectrometer cell body is screwed to the cell cover and sealed between the mass spectrometer cell body and the cell cover by a seal.

[0015] Preferably, the distance between the lower end of the mass spectrometer injection tube and the upper end of the working electrode is 10-100 microns.

[0016] Preferably, the mass spectrometry injection sleeve comprises a sleeve lower port, a sleeve outer wall and a sleeve upper cover which are sequentially embedded; the mass spectrometry injection sleeve forms a cavity inside the sleeve outer wall, the sleeve lower port is provided with an electrolyte circulation inlet for introducing electrolyte from the mass spectrometry cell into the cavity, and the sleeve outer wall is provided with an electrolyte circulation outlet for connecting the cavity with the branch pipe on the side wall near the top.

[0017] Preferably, the hydrophobic breathable membrane and the lower end of the sleeve are sealed by a first sealing member.

[0018] Preferably, the outer wall of the sleeve and the upper cover of the sleeve are sealed by a second sealing member.

[0019] Preferably, the electrolyte circulation inlet is arranged in a ring shape with the mass spectrometer injection tube as the center.

[0020] Preferably, the posture adjustment device includes a tilt adjustment platform and a first three-dimensional adjustment platform. The sleeve fixing bracket is connected to the output end of the tilt adjustment platform to adjust the inclination of the mass spectrometry inlet tube. The tilt adjustment platform is connected to the output end of the first three-dimensional adjustment platform to adjust the three-dimensional spatial position of the mass spectrometry inlet tube.

[0021] Preferably, the sleeve probe type in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell also includes a digital microscope, a second three-dimensional adjustment platform and a display; the digital microscope is arranged toward the mass spectrometry injection tube and the working electrode, and is used to magnify and observe the inclination and distance of the mass spectrometry injection tube relative to the working electrode, the output end of the second three-dimensional adjustment platform is connected to the digital microscope, and is used to adjust the three-dimensional spatial position of the digital microscope, and the display is electrically connected to the digital microscope.

[0022] Preferably, the sleeve probe type in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell further comprises a mass spectrometry cell support, the mass spectrometry cell is arranged on the mass spectrometry cell support, and the working electrode is inserted into the mass spectrometry cell from the bottom of the mass spectrometry cell.

[0023] The working principle of the utility model is:

[0024] The sleeve probe type in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell in this scheme is mainly used in electro / photocatalytic reactions for in-situ detection of volatile products produced on the working electrode. The specific principle is that the hydrophobic breathable membrane at the mass spectrometer inlet can effectively separate volatile species from the electrolyte, and the high vacuum of the mass spectrometer is used as the driving force to separate the volatile products produced at the working electrode using the hydrophobic breathable membrane and draw them into the mass spectrometer for detection. Optimizing the design of the electrolytic cell can finely control the distance and parallelism between the mass spectrometer inlet and the working electrode, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of volatile species, thereby improving the detection sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio of the in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] This scheme designs a new type of probe-type catalytic differential mass spectrometry reaction cell:

[0027] 1. The sleeve-type injection design is adopted. The mass spectrometer injection port and the electrolyte circulation port are in the same center. The electrolyte is sucked from the outside, which ensures that the electrolyte on the working electrode surface is updated without reducing the collection efficiency of the mass spectrometer.

[0028] 2. The multi-dimensional control and adjustment device is used to effectively control the position and inclination of the mass spectrometer probe membrane inlet in the XYZ direction, and can accurately control the distance and parallelism between the probe membrane inlet and the working electrode. In addition, a high-definition digital microscope is used to display the distance and parallelism between the mass spectrometer probe inlet and the working electrode in real time, which is convenient for adjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sleeve probe type in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-section structure of the mass spectrometer injection sleeve;

[0031] In the figure: 1-mass spectrometer cell support; 2-cell body bottom plate; 3-mass spectrometer cell body; 4-cell body upper cover; 5-working electrode; 6-reference electrode; 7-counter electrode; 8-vent; 9-gas outlet; 10-casing fixing bracket; 11-mass spectrometer injection casing; 12-mass spectrometer injection tube; 13-peristaltic pump; 14-tilt adjustment table; 15-first three-dimensional adjustment table; 16-mass spectrometer cell base; 17-second three-dimensional adjustment table; 18-digital microscope; 19-display; 1101-hydrophobic breathable membrane; 1102-first sealing member; 1103-electrolyte circulation inlet; 1104-casing lower port; 1105-casing outer wall; 1106-electrolyte circulation outlet; 1107-second sealing member; 1108-casing upper cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The utility model is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A sleeve probe type in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell, such as Figure 1 , 2As shown, it includes a mass spectrometer cell, a working electrode 5, a reference electrode 6, a counter electrode 7, a vent 8, an outlet 9 and a mass spectrometer injection tube 12; the mass spectrometer cell contains an electrolyte; the working electrode 5, the reference electrode 6, the counter electrode 7 and the mass spectrometer injection tube 12 are respectively extended below the electrolyte surface; the lower end of the vent 8 extends below the electrolyte surface, and the other end is connected to the pipeline for the required gas introduction; the outlet 9 connects the inside of the mass spectrometer cell with the external atmosphere;

[0035] It also includes a mass spectrometer sampling sleeve 11 and a peristaltic pump 13;

[0036] The mass spectrometer injection tube 12 is arranged above the working electrode 5 and the mass spectrometer injection tube 12 is arranged concentrically with the working electrode 5, and the lower end of the mass spectrometer injection tube 12 is arranged close to the upper end of the working electrode 5;

[0037] The lower end of the mass spectrometer injection tube 12 is provided with a hydrophobic breathable membrane 1101;

[0038] The mass spectrometer injection sleeve 11 is concentrically sleeved on the outside of the mass spectrometer injection tube 12, and a branch pipe is connected to the side wall of the mass spectrometer injection sleeve 11 near the top, and the lower end of the branch pipe is connected to the inside of the mass spectrometer pool; the flow pump 13 is connected to the branch pipe;

[0039] The mass spectrometer injection tube 11 is assembled on the tube fixing bracket 10 , and the tube fixing bracket 10 is connected to the output end of the posture adjustment device, and the posture adjustment device is used to adjust the inclination and three-dimensional spatial position of the mass spectrometer injection tube 12 .

[0040] More specifically, in this embodiment:

[0041] The embodiments of the present application provide a cannula-probe in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell, which can dynamically track and measure the information of volatile species generated on the electrode, thereby allowing users to more easily analyze the electrochemical reaction process on the electrode.

[0042] 1. Device structure:

[0043] The implementation case of this application provides the following in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell design:

[0044] The invention comprises: a mass spectrometer cell support 1, a cell body bottom plate 2, a mass spectrometer cell body 3, a cell body upper cover 4 (the cell body bottom plate 2, the mass spectrometer cell body 3, and the cell body upper cover 4 together constitute a mass spectrometer cell capable of accommodating electrolyte), a working electrode 5, a reference electrode 6, a counter electrode 7, a vent 8, an air outlet 9, a sleeve fixing bracket 10, a mass spectrometer injection sleeve 11, a mass spectrometer injection tube 12, a peristaltic pump 13, a tilt adjustment platform 14, a first three-dimensional adjustment platform 15, a mass spectrometer cell base 16, a second three-dimensional adjustment platform 18, a digital microscope 18, and a display 19, such as Figure 1As shown. Among them, the mass spectrometer cell body 3 is used to contain the electrolyte, and the mass spectrometer cell body 3 has openings at the top and bottom. The lower opening of the mass spectrometer cell body 3 is screwed to the cell body bottom plate 2 and sealed with a seal (O-ring), and the upper opening of the mass spectrometer cell body 3 is screwed to the cell body upper cover 4 and sealed with a seal (O-ring), forming a complete mass spectrometer cell, the interior of which is used to contain the electrolyte. The lower part of the mass spectrometer cell is supported by the mass spectrometer cell support 1 and is suspended in the air. The working electrode 5 enters the electrolyte of the mass spectrometer cell body 3 from the center of the cell body bottom plate 2 from the lower part of the mass spectrometer cell, facing upward, and the mass spectrometer sampling sleeve 11 and the mass spectrometer sampling tube 12 are directly above the working electrode 5, and the three are concentrically arranged. The lower end of the mass spectrometer injection sleeve 11 is sealed and covered with a hydrophobic breathable membrane 1101. There is a pressure difference on both sides of the hydrophobic breathable membrane 1101. The volatile species in the solution are separated by the hydrophobic breathable membrane 1101 and drawn into the inner chamber of the mass spectrometer injection sleeve 11 for detection. The product produced at the working electrode 5 will diffuse in an undirected manner, and the volatile substances partially diffused to the mass spectrometer injection tube 12 will be drawn into the mass spectrometer for detection. The mass spectrometer signal is proportional to the amount of the volatile species drawn into the mass spectrum. Therefore, in order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the mass spectrometer signal, it is necessary to increase the proportion of the volatile species drawn into the mass spectrum. The mass spectrometer injection tube 12 is close to the working electrode 5, which is conducive to improving the collection efficiency of the mass spectrum, and the distance between the two is generally 10-100 microns.

[0045] The distance between the mass spectrometer injection tube 12 and the working electrode 5 is small, so it is necessary to update the electrolyte at the working electrode 5 to prevent the electrode surface reactant concentration from decreasing, resulting in a reduction in the amount of products and the accumulation of reaction products on the surface of the working electrode 5, causing the tailing of the mass spectrometer signal. At present, the prior art connects the peristaltic pump 13 pipeline outlet to the working electrode 5, and the fresh electrolyte pumped out by the pipeline outlet is used to update the environment on the surface of the working electrode 5. This method can cause the volatile species produced at the working electrode 5 to be taken away from the mass spectrometer injection port, resulting in a reduction in the collection efficiency of volatile species, thereby reducing the detection signal-to-noise ratio of the mass spectrum. In order to solve this problem, an inhalation electrolyte circulation sleeve (mass spectrometer injection sleeve 11+branch pipe+mass spectrometer injection tube 12) is specifically designed in this scheme to update the electrolyte at the working electrode 5. The mass spectrometer injection sleeve 11 is located directly above the working electrode 5, and the electrolyte at the working electrode 5 is updated by the flow pump 13 in an inhalation manner. In this scheme, the sleeve suction type electrolyte flow mode can bring the electrolyte containing volatile species produced on the outside of the working electrode 5 into the central mass spectrometer injection port, which can update the electrolyte on the surface of the working electrode 5 without reducing the collection efficiency of the mass spectrometer.

[0046] The outer diameter of the mass spectrometer injection tube 12 is generally several millimeters (0.5-8mm), and the distance between the mass spectrometer injection tube 12 and the working electrode 5 is tens of microns. If the mass spectrometer injection tube 12 is tilted (the plane of the bottom tube mouth of the mass spectrometer injection tube 12 is not parallel to the plane of the working electrode 5), the thickness of the thin liquid layer between the mass spectrometer injection tube 12 and the working electrode 5 will be uneven. The thin liquid layer area will affect the electrochemical response, and the thick liquid layer area will reduce the mass spectrometer collection efficiency. Therefore, it is very important to accurately control the distance and tilt between the mass spectrometer injection tube 12 and the working electrode 5. The existing in-situ electrochemical mass spectrometry reaction cell can only adjust the distance between the mass spectrometer injection tube 12 and the working electrode 5. In this scheme, a sleeve fixing bracket 10 is connected to the mass spectrometer injection sleeve 11, and the mass spectrometer injection sleeve 11 tilt adjustment platform 14 and the mass spectrometer injection sleeve 11XYZ three-dimensional adjustment platform (first three-dimensional adjustment platform 15) can accurately control the distance and parallelism between the mass spectrometer injection tube 12 and the working electrode 5 (the sleeve fixing bracket 10 is connected to the output end of the mass spectrometer injection sleeve 11 tilt adjustment platform, and the mass spectrometer injection sleeve 11 tilt adjustment platform 14 is connected to the output end of the mass spectrometer injection sleeve 11XYZ three-dimensional adjustment platform, forming a posture adjustment device). Furthermore, the combination of the digital microscope 18XYZ three-dimensional adjustment platform (the second three-dimensional adjustment platform 18), the digital microscope 18 and the display 19 can clearly display the distance and inclination between the mass spectrometer injection tube 12 and the working electrode 5 (the digital microscope 18 is adjusted by the digital microscope 18XYZ three-dimensional adjustment platform to be set toward the mass spectrometer injection sleeve 11 and the working electrode 5, and the image is output through the display 19 electrically connected to the digital microscope 18), and the adjustment effect can be fed back in real time, thereby improving the adjustment efficiency and accuracy. This scheme also includes the reference electrode 6, the counter electrode 7, the vent 8 and the gas outlet 9 required in electrochemistry. The reference electrode 6 and the counter electrode 7 are respectively passed through the upper cover 4 of the cell body and extend below the electrolyte surface and are located on both sides of the working electrode 5. The lower end of the vent 8 extends below the electrolyte surface and the upper end is connected to the pipeline required to introduce gas. The gas outlet 9 connects the mass spectrometer cell body 3 and the atmosphere.

[0047] The specific cross-sectional view of the mass spectrometer injection sleeve 11 in this scheme is as follows Figure 2As shown, from bottom to top, the sleeve lower port 1104, the sleeve outer wall 1105 and the sleeve upper cover 1108 are sequentially embedded, and a cavity is formed inside the sleeve outer wall 1105. The hydrophobic breathable membrane 1101 covers the mass spectrometer injection tube 12 inlet and is sealed by the first seal 1102 (O-ring). The electrolyte at the working electrode 5 is entered into the mass spectrometer injection sleeve 11 from the 12 evenly distributed electrolyte circulation inlets 1103 reserved at the lower port of the mass spectrometer injection sleeve 11 by a pump 13, and flows out from the electrolyte circulation outlet 1106 (arranged on the sleeve outer wall 1105) and returns to the mass spectrometer cell body 3. The sleeve upper cover 1108 is the upper cover of the mass spectrometer injection sleeve 11, and is sealed by the second seal 1107 (sealing O-ring) arranged between it and the sleeve outer wall 1105.

[0048] The movement / tilt control part of the mass spectrometry injection sleeve 11, the reaction cell main body and the digital microscope 18 in the above-mentioned sleeve probe type in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell are all arranged on the same mass spectrometry cell base 16 to ensure that the basic position, relative position and adjustment range are controllable.

[0049] 2. Working principle:

[0050] The sleeve probe type in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell in this scheme is mainly used in electro / photocatalytic reactions, and is used to detect volatile products produced on the working electrode 5 in situ. The specific principle is that the hydrophobic breathable membrane 1101 at the mass spectrometer injection port can effectively separate volatile species from the electrolyte, and the high vacuum of the mass spectrometer is used as the driving force to separate the volatile products produced at the working electrode 5 using the hydrophobic breathable membrane 1101 and draw them into the mass spectrometer for detection. The design of the optimized electrolytic cell can finely control the distance and parallelism between the mass spectrometer injection port and the working electrode 5, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of volatile species, thereby improving the detection sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio of the in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry.

[0051] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the utility model by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those familiar with the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the utility model without departing from the scope of the utility model should be within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. A sleeve probe type in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell, comprising a mass spectrometry cell, a working electrode (5), a reference electrode (6), a counter electrode (7), a vent (8), a gas outlet (9) and a mass spectrometry injection tube (12); the mass spectrometry cell contains an electrolyte; the working electrode (5), the reference electrode (6), the counter electrode (7) and the mass spectrometry injection tube (12) are respectively extended below the electrolyte surface; the lower end of the vent (8) is extended below the electrolyte surface; the gas outlet (9) connects the inside of the mass spectrometry cell with the external atmosphere; It is characterized in that It also includes a mass spectrometer sampling sleeve (11) and a peristaltic pump (13); The mass spectrometer injection tube (12) is arranged above the working electrode (5) and the mass spectrometer injection tube (12) and the working electrode (5) are arranged concentrically, and the lower end of the mass spectrometer injection tube (12) is arranged close to the upper end of the working electrode (5); The lower end of the mass spectrometer injection tube (12) is sleeved with a hydrophobic and breathable membrane (1101); The mass spectrometer injection sleeve (11) is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the mass spectrometer injection tube (12), and a branch pipe is connected to the side wall of the mass spectrometer injection sleeve (11) near the top, and the lower end of the branch pipe is connected to the inside of the mass spectrometer pool; the peristaltic pump (13) is connected to the branch pipe; The mass spectrometer injection sleeve (11) is assembled on a sleeve fixing bracket (10), and the sleeve fixing bracket (10) is connected to the output end of a posture adjustment device, and the posture adjustment device is used to adjust the inclination and three-dimensional spatial position of the mass spectrometer injection tube (12).

2. The cannula-probe in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass spectrometer cell comprises a cell body bottom plate (2), a mass spectrometer cell body (3) and a cell body upper cover (4); the lower end of the mass spectrometer cell body (3) is screwed to the cell body bottom plate (2) and sealed between the mass spectrometer cell body (3) and the cell body bottom plate (2); the upper end of the mass spectrometer cell body (3) is screwed to the cell body upper cover (4) and sealed between the mass spectrometer cell body (3) and the cell body upper cover (4) through a sealing member.

3. The cannula-probe in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the lower end of the mass spectrometer injection tube (12) and the upper end of the working electrode (5) is 10-100 microns.

4. The cannula-probe in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass spectrometer injection sleeve (11) comprises a sleeve lower port (1104), a sleeve outer wall (1105) and a sleeve upper cover (1108) which are sequentially engaged; the mass spectrometer injection sleeve (11) is formed with a cavity inside the sleeve outer wall (1105); the sleeve lower port (1104) is provided with an electrolyte circulation inlet (1103) for introducing electrolyte from the mass spectrometer cell into the cavity; the sleeve outer wall (1105) is provided with an electrolyte circulation outlet (1106) for connecting the cavity with a branch pipe on a side wall near the top.

5. The cannula-probe in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydrophobic breathable membrane (1101) and the lower end port (1104) of the sleeve are sealed by a first sealing member (1102).

6. The cannula-probe in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall (1105) of the sleeve and the upper cover (1108) of the sleeve are sealed by a second sealing member (1107).

7. The cannula-probe in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electrolyte circulation inlet (1103) is arranged in a ring shape with the mass spectrometer injection tube (12) as the center.

8. The cannula-probe in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The posture adjustment device comprises a tilt adjustment platform (14) and a first three-dimensional adjustment platform (15); the sleeve fixing bracket (10) is connected to the output end of the tilt adjustment platform (14) and is used to adjust the tilt of the mass spectrometer injection tube (12); the tilt adjustment platform (14) is connected to the output end of the first three-dimensional adjustment platform (15) and is used to adjust the three-dimensional spatial position of the mass spectrometer injection tube (12).

9. The cannula-probe in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve probe type in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell also includes a digital microscope (18), a second three-dimensional adjustment platform (17) and a display (19); the digital microscope (18) is arranged toward the mass spectrometry injection tube (12) and the working electrode (5) and is used to magnify and observe the inclination and distance of the mass spectrometry injection tube (12) relative to the working electrode (5); the output end of the second three-dimensional adjustment platform (17) is connected to the digital microscope (18) and is used to adjust the three-dimensional spatial position of the digital microscope (18); and the display (19) is electrically connected to the digital microscope (18).

10. The cannula-probe in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve probe type in-situ electrochemical differential mass spectrometry reaction cell further comprises a mass spectrometry cell support (1), the mass spectrometry cell is arranged on the mass spectrometry cell support (1), and the working electrode (5) is inserted into the mass spectrometry cell from the bottom of the mass spectrometry cell.

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