Safe, reliable and simple-structure electric starter and solid oxygen generator

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of solid oxygen generators, in particular to a safe, reliable and simple-structure electric starter and a solid oxygen generator, which comprise two metal electrodes, a ceramic inner core is sleeved on the outer sides of the two metal electrodes, two ends of the metal electrodes respectively extend out of the ceramic inner core, one end is a wiring end, and the other end is an ignition end. The wiring ends of the two metal electrodes are respectively provided with an electrode nut in a screwed mode, the ignition ends of the two metal electrodes are welded with an electric ignition head together, and the end, close to the wiring ends, of the outer side of the ceramic inner core is sleeved with a copper protection shell. The electric starting device provided by the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, safety and reliability, and solves the problem of short circuit in a high-temperature environment by adopting a method of fixing the metal conducting electrodes by the high-temperature-resistant ceramic columns; meanwhile, a single-hole metal plate with the size matched with the height of the high-temperature-resistant ceramic column and a heat insulation material are arranged to prevent high-temperature heat, gas, flame and smoke from being gathered at the top cover part of the metal shell, and the problems of high-temperature burning and smoke release are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of solid oxygen generators, and particularly relates to an electric starter and a solid oxygen generator which are safe, reliable and simple in structure. Background Art

[0002] A solid oxygen generator is a device that uses the chemical decomposition reaction of chlorate to produce high-purity oxygen, and its oxygen storage density is three times that of liquid oxygen. Under the conditions of considering measures such as heat preservation, heat insulation, impurity removal, and packaging, the actual oxygen storage capacity under the same volume is twice that of a 22MPa compressed oxygen cylinder, so it has the advantages of small volume, light weight, and simple operation. As an emergency oxygen supply device, it has been applied to toxic and harmful places such as aviation, aerospace, submarines, high altitudes, plateaus, mines, fire fighting, civil airliners, and petroleum and chemical industries. Whether the solid oxygen generator can release oxygen smoothly depends to a large extent on the starting device.

[0003] The starting devices of solid oxygen generators mainly use mechanical starting, electric starting, resistance wire heating, electromagnetic heating, microwave, electromagnetic triggering and other methods to ignite. For example, CN207861890U and CN214734518U propose two different mechanical starting devices; CN216918618U proposes a device for starting an ignition charge by electric initiation; CN219510839U, CN105444204A and CN205560837U propose methods and devices for electric heating and resistance wire heating ignition; CN110357042A and CN210505568U use electromagnetic heating ignition; CN1962415A uses microwave heating ignition. At present, the mainstream products all adopt electric starting and mechanical ignition methods. In mechanical ignition, after being pulled out, the spring drives the firing pin to strike the percussion cap, causing the ignition charge in the percussion cap to burn rapidly, and the generated flame or high heat ignites the ignition charge, ignites the transfer charge, and then ignites the solid oxygen charge. In electric starting ignition, when a certain current is applied to the ignition head, the heat generated by it will ignite the ignition charge, and the high heat generated by the burning of the ignition charge ignites the transfer charge, and then ignites the solid oxygen charge. Both ignition methods have the advantages of simple structure and low cost, so they are widely used in solid oxygen generators under various application scenarios.

[0004] The starting device is usually arranged on the top cover of the metal housing. The main defects of mechanical ignition starting include two points: one is that the problem of hitting deviation often occurs, resulting in starting failure due to insufficient force on the percussion cap, reducing its reliability; the other is that after starting, the ignition charge burns violently and releases a relatively high amount of heat. Since the ignition charge is directly connected to the mechanical percussion device, the high-temperature flame continues to burn at the mechanical percussion device, easily causing the top of the outer surface of the solid oxygen generator to be scorched and discolored or release smoke, with relatively low safety. Electric starting can effectively solve the problem of low reliability of mechanical ignition, but it also faces the problem of relatively low safety. The top cover of the metal housing is prone to high-temperature discoloration, fire, flashing or smoke. In addition, in order to avoid the problem of short circuit caused by the exposed wire winding or contacting the metal housing during electric starting in a high-temperature environment, a complex structural design is usually adopted, resulting in problems in terms of cost and assembly. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The utility model provides an electrically starting device for a solid oxygen generator that is completely new, safe, reliable and has a simple structure. That is, the method of using a high-temperature resistant ceramic column to fix the metal conductive wire is adopted to solve the problem of circuit short circuit in a high-temperature environment. At the same time, a single-hole metal plate and a heat insulation material with dimensions matching the height of the high-temperature resistant ceramic column are provided to prevent the accumulation of high-temperature heat, gas, flame and smoke at the top cover part of the metal housing, and solve the problems of high-temperature burning and smoke release. To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: an electrically starter for a solid oxygen generator that is safe, reliable and has a simple structure, including two metal electrodes. A ceramic inner core is sleeved outside the two metal electrodes together. Both ends of the metal electrodes extend out of the ceramic inner core respectively. One end is a wiring end, and the other end is an ignition end. Electrode nuts are screwed on the wiring ends of the two metal electrodes respectively. An electric ignition head is welded to the ignition ends of the two metal electrodes together. A copper protective shell is sleeved outside the ceramic inner core near one end of the wiring end. External threads are provided on the outer side of the lower part of the copper protective shell.

[0006] As a further limitation of the technical solution of the utility model, a copper bushing is threadedly sleeved outside the copper protective shell, and a hexagonal copper nut is threadedly sleeved outside the copper bushing.

[0007] As a further limitation of the technical solution of the utility model, the upper part of the copper protective shell has a hexagonal prism shape, and the lower part has a cylindrical shape with external threads; the upper part of the copper bushing has a hexagonal prism shape, and the lower part has a cylindrical shape with external threads.

[0008] As a further limitation of the technical solution of the utility model, a sealing ring is provided between the copper protective shell and the copper bushing, and a sealing ring is also provided between the copper bushing and the hexagonal copper nut.

[0009] As a further limitation of the technical solution of the present utility model, the electric ignition head is replaced with a resistance wire, an electric heating rod or an electric arc; the ceramic inner core is replaced with the same structure made of other high-temperature resistant insulating materials.

[0010] As a further limitation of the technical solution of the present utility model, the metal electrode is fixed in the ceramic inner core by high-temperature sintering.

[0011] In addition, in order to further solve the technical problems that the top cover of the metal shell is prone to high-temperature discoloration, fire, flash or smoke, the present invention also provides an oxygen generator installed with the above-mentioned starter for the oxygen generator. By providing a single-hole metal plate and a heat-insulating material with dimensions matching the height of the high-temperature resistant ceramic inner core, high-temperature heat, gas, flame and smoke are prevented from rising to the top cover part of the metal shell, solving the problems of high-temperature burning and smoke release.

[0012] An oxygen generator installed with the above-mentioned electric starter for the oxygen generator, comprising a metal shell, a heat-insulating material is provided on the inner wall of the metal shell, and a single-hole metal plate, a heat-insulating material, a multi-hole metal plate, a heat-insulating material, an ignition charge core, a starting charge column, an oxygen-generating charge column, and an impurity gas filter are sequentially laid in the cavity of the metal shell from top to bottom inside the heat-insulating material; a bottom cover is provided at the bottom of the metal shell, and an air outlet is opened on the bottom cover; a top cover is provided at the top of the metal shell, and a heat-insulating material is laid between the inner wall of the top cover and the single-hole metal plate; a through hole is opened on the top cover, and the through hole is used to connect the electric starter. The copper protection shell is screwed into the copper bushing, and the copper bushing is then fixed on the top cover of the oxygen generator through a hexagonal copper nut to realize the connection of the electric starter. The part of the ceramic inner core that is not wrapped by the copper protection shell and is close to the electric ignition head passes through multiple layers of heat-insulating materials and the single-hole metal plate in sequence. Among them, a small hole with a diameter equivalent to the diameter of the ceramic inner core is opened in the center of the heat-insulating material and the single-hole metal plate respectively, so that the ceramic inner core can pass through smoothly, and the ignition head is sent directly above the ignition charge core and blocks the single hole of the heat-insulating material and the single-hole metal plate.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] (1)The metal guide rod of the present utility model uses high-temperature resistant ceramic columns to fix metal electrodes. An electric ignition starting device usually includes two terminal posts. In order to avoid high-temperature ablation from igniting the plastic insulation layer, it is necessary to strip the insulation layer, and then a relatively complex structure with a large number of various components is adopted. This makes the assembly process cumbersome, and during transportation, handling, and use, poor contact and short circuits are likely to occur due to factors such as vibration and corrosion, resulting in ignition starting failure. The present utility model fixes and isolates the middle parts of two parallel metal electrodes with a cylindrical high-temperature resistant ceramic material. At the same time, the high-temperature resistant ceramic column is filled inside a copper protective shell, and the outer surface of the copper protective shell has threads. During assembly and use, it can be fixed to the top cover of the oxygen generator by threads and then put into ignition starting. The structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and the safety and ignition reliability are improved.

[0015] (2)The present utility model sets a single-hole metal plate and a heat insulation material with dimensions matching the height of the high-temperature resistant ceramic column. The instantaneous ignition temperature of the oxygen generator is as high as 1600 °C. However, since there is a direct connection between the electric ignition end and the ignition powder, the high-temperature gas, flame, and smoke formed after startup continuously act on the metal components at the electric ignition end. Due to the strong thermal conductivity of the metal and the poor heat resistance of the sealing rubber, it is easy to cause the top of the outer surface of the oxygen generator to be scorched and discolored or smoke to leak. The present utility model replaces the high-thermal conductivity metal with a low-thermal conductivity ceramic column. At the same time, a heat insulation material with a certain thickness and a single hole is set between the ignition powder and the top cover. The single-hole metal plate is sandwiched in the middle of the heat insulation material to form a "sandwich" structure, and then the ceramic column is extended to pass through the single-hole metal plate (the end of the ceramic column is the ignition head or ignition powder). Since the diameter of the single hole of the metal plate is equivalent to the diameter of the ceramic column, the high-temperature gas, flame, and smoke are restricted below the single-hole metal plate, reducing the burning of the top cover. In addition, a nut with grooves and rubber rings embedded in the grooves is used to fix the high-temperature resistant ceramic column to the top cover of the oxygen generator, effectively preventing smoke from leaking.

[0016] In summary, the electric starting device of the present utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, safety and reliability. It can effectively solve the safety problems such as high-temperature burning, flashing, flaming, and smoking at the top of the oxygen generator, and effectively avoid the accident risks of poisoning, high-temperature burns, or fires. At the same time, around the high-temperature resistant ceramic insulation material, a simple and reliable power-on circuit design is adopted to solve the problems of circuit short circuit and poor contact, and effectively avoid the risk of casualties caused by low ignition reliability resulting in delayed oxygen supply to personnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a tooling structure diagram of the electric starter of the present utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a tooling schematic diagram of the oxygen generator for installing the electric starter of the present utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the ceramic electrode core of the starter of the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the top view of.

[0021] Figure 5 is Figure 3 the bottom view of.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the copper repair core of the electric starter of the present utility model.

[0023] Figure 7 is Figure 6 the top view of.

[0024] Figure 8 is Figure 6 the bottom view of.

[0025] Figure 9 This is the top view of the hexagonal copper nut of the electric starter.

[0026] Figure 10 is Figure 9 the bottom view of.

[0027] The markings in the figure are as follows:

[0028] 1 - copper repair core, 2 - hexagonal copper nut, 3 - sealing ring, 4 - copper protection shell, 5 - ceramic inner core, 6 - metal electrode, 7 - electrode nut, 8 - electric ignition head, 9 - air outlet, 10 - metal shell, 11 - impurity gas filter, 12 - oxygen - generating medicine column, 13 - starting medicine column, 14 - ignition medicine core, 15 - heat - insulating material, 16 - electric starter, 17 - single - hole metal plate, 18 - porous metal plate, 19 - top cover, 20 - bottom cover. Specific embodiments

[0029] The following further illustrates the present utility model in conjunction with specific embodiments. Embodiment 1

[0030] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, an electric starter for an oxygen generator that is safe, reliable, and has a simple structure includes two metal electrodes 6. A ceramic inner core 5 is sleeved outside the two metal electrodes 6, which can effectively avoid the short - circuit problem caused by exposed metal wires in a high - temperature environment. Both ends of the metal electrode 6 extend out of the ceramic inner core 5 respectively. One end is a wiring terminal, and the other end is an ignition terminal. Electrode nuts 7 are screwed on the wiring terminals of the two metal electrodes 6 respectively. An electric igniter 8 is welded to the ignition terminals of the two metal electrodes 6 together. The two metal wires of the electric igniter 8 are connected to the two metal rods at the ignition terminals of the metal electrodes 6 by welding respectively. A copper protective shell 4 is sleeved on the outer side of the ceramic inner core 5 near the wiring terminal end. The ceramic inner core 5 is wrapped by the copper protective shell 4, which can effectively prevent ceramic damage caused by mechanical impact. An external thread is provided on the outer side of the lower part of the copper protective shell 4.

[0031] Furthermore, a copper bushing 1 is screwed on the outer side of the copper protective shell 4, and a hexagonal copper nut 2 is screwed on the outer side of the copper bushing 1. During use, directly pass the copper bushing 1 through the top cover 19 of the oxygen generator, then screw the hexagonal copper nut 2 at the lower end of the copper bushing 1 to fix the copper bushing 1 on the top cover 19 of the oxygen generator, and then screw the copper protective shell 4 into the copper bushing 1 to put it into use. The structure is simple and the assembly is convenient.

[0032] Furthermore, as Figures 3 - 5 shown, the upper part of the copper protective shell 4 is in the shape of a hexagonal prism, and the lower part is a cylinder with an external thread; as Figures 6 - 8 shown, the upper part of the copper bushing 1 is in the shape of a hexagonal prism, and the lower part is a cylinder with an external thread.

[0033] Furthermore, a sealing ring 3 is provided between the copper protective shell 4 and the copper bushing 1, and a sealing ring 3 is also provided between the copper bushing 1 and the hexagonal copper nut 2, which can effectively prevent the leakage of smoke, flash, spark, and gas.

[0034] Furthermore, the electric igniter 8 can be replaced with other heat - generating or ignition mechanisms such as a resistance wire, an electric heating rod, an electric arc, etc. according to needs; the ceramic inner core 5 is replaced with the same structure made of other high - temperature resistant insulating materials.

[0035] Furthermore, the metal electrode 6 is fixed in the ceramic inner core 5 by high - temperature sintering, which can effectively avoid the short - circuit problem caused by exposed metal wires in a high - temperature environment, and enhance the reliability and safety of the circuit.

[0036] As Figure 2 shown, an oxygen generator is installed with such as Figure 1The electric starter for an oxygen generator as shown. The oxygen generator includes a metal housing 10, with a heat-insulating material 15 provided on the inner wall of the metal housing 10. In the cavity of the metal housing 10 inside the heat-insulating material 15, a single-hole metal plate 17, a heat-insulating material 15, a porous metal plate 18, a heat-insulating material 15, an ignition core 14, a starting charge 13, an oxygen-generating charge 12, and an impurity gas filter 11 are laid successively from top to bottom; a bottom cover 20 is provided at the bottom of the metal housing 10, and an air outlet 9 is opened on the bottom cover 20; a top cover 19 is provided at the top of the metal housing 10, and a heat-insulating material 15 is laid between the inner wall of the top cover 19 and the single-hole metal plate 17; a through hole is opened on the top cover 19, and the through hole is used to connect the electric starter 16. The copper protection shell 4 is screwed into the copper bushing 1, and the copper bushing 1 is then fixed on the top cover 19 of the oxygen generator by a hexagonal copper nut 2 to achieve the connection of the electric starter 16. The part of the ceramic inner core 5 that is not wrapped by the copper protection shell 4 and is close to the electric ignition head 8 passes through the multi-layer heat-insulating material 15 and the single-hole metal plate 17 in sequence. Among them, a small hole with a diameter equivalent to the diameter of the ceramic inner core 5 is opened at the center of both the heat-insulating material 15 and the single-hole metal plate 17, so that the ceramic inner core 5 can pass through smoothly, sending the ignition head 8 directly above the ignition core 14 and blocking the single hole of the heat-insulating material 15 and the single-hole metal plate 17, thus effectively preventing the generated smoke, flash, sparks, and gas from rising to the position of the top cover 19, and solving the problems of high-temperature burning and smoke release.

[0037] Assembly process: (1) First, put the sealing ring 3 on the copper bushing 1, then pass the copper bushing 1 through the through hole in the center of the top cover 19, and fix it with a hexagonal copper nut 2 to form assembly A1; (2) Weld the electric ignition head 8 to the ignition end of the metal electrode 6, so that it forms an independent assembly A2 with the copper protection shell 4, the ceramic inner core 5, the metal electrode 6, and the electrode nut 7; (3) Screw assembly A2 into assembly A1 through threads to form assembly A; (4) In the metal housing 10, load the ignition core 14, the starting charge 13, the oxygen-generating charge 12, and the impurity gas filter 11 successively from top to bottom; (5) Place the heat-insulating material 15, the porous metal plate 18, the heat-insulating material 15, and the single-hole metal plate 17 on the top of the ignition core 14 in sequence; (6) Install assembly A on the top of the metal housing, that is, on the top of the ignition core 14 placed, and perform a sealing treatment; (7) Install the bottom cover on the bottom of the metal housing and perform a sealing treatment.

[0038] Working process and principle: When the solid oxygen generator works, an external power supply is connected to the metal electrode 6 and fixed with an electrode nut 7. The current is directly conducted to the electric igniter 8 through the metal electrode 6. The electric igniter 8 burns rapidly, igniting the ignition core 14 that is extremely sensitive to the flame. The ignition core 14 burns rapidly, forming an instantaneous high temperature exceeding 1000 °C, igniting the starting charge column 13 to cause rapid decomposition and oxygen release, and then causing the oxygen generating charge column 12 to decompose and release oxygen. At the same time, the high temperature, along with the high-temperature gas, smoke, flame, etc. formed, cannot rise further due to the barrier of the ceramic inner core 5 and the single-hole metal plate 17, effectively avoiding safety problems such as high-temperature burning, flash, and smoke at the top cover. On this basis, due to the arrangement of several layers of heat insulation materials and two sealing rings on the top of the single-hole metal plate 17, high-temperature burning, flash, and smoke are further avoided. At the same time, due to the use of ceramic insulation materials and hard metal electrodes, the short-circuit problem caused by the exposed metal wire winding or contacting the metal shell is effectively prevented, improving the working reliability. Generally speaking, the electric starter of the present utility model has other significant advantages, including simple structure, convenient assembly, and low cost.

Claims

1. A safe, reliable and simple electric starter, characterized in that: The invention comprises two metal electrodes (6), the outer sides of the two metal electrodes (6) are jointly covered with a ceramic inner core (5), the two ends of the metal electrodes (6) respectively extend out of the ceramic inner core (5), one end is a wiring terminal, and the other end is an ignition terminal, the wiring terminals of the two metal electrodes (6) are respectively screwed with electrode nuts (7), the ignition ends of the two metal electrodes (6) are jointly welded with an electric ignition head (8), and the outer side of the ceramic inner core (5) near the wiring terminal is covered with a copper protective shell (4), and the lower outer side of the copper protective shell (4) is provided with an external thread.

2. A safe, reliable and simple electric starter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer thread of the copper protective shell (4) is sleeved with a copper core (1), and the outer thread of the copper core (1) is sleeved with a hexagonal copper nut (2).

3. A safe, reliable and simple electric starter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper portion of the copper protective shell (4) is in the shape of a hexagonal prism, and the lower portion is in the shape of a cylinder with external threads; the upper portion of the copper core (1) is in the shape of a hexagonal prism, and the lower portion is in the shape of a cylinder with external threads.

4. A safe, reliable and simple electric starter according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sealing ring (3) is provided between the copper protective shell (4) and the copper core (1), and a sealing ring (3) is also provided between the copper core (1) and the hexagonal copper nut (2).

5. A safe, reliable and simple electric starter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The electric ignition head (8) is replaced by a resistance wire, an electric heating rod or an electric arc; and the ceramic inner core (5) is replaced by a same structure made of high temperature resistant insulating material.

6. A safe, reliable and simple electric starter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The metal electrode (6) is fixed in the ceramic inner core (5) through high-temperature sintering.

7. A solid oxygen generator, equipped with an electric starter as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The invention comprises a metal shell (10), wherein a heat insulating material (15) is provided on the inner wall of the metal shell (10), and a single-hole metal plate (17), a heat insulating material (15), a porous metal plate (18), a heat insulating material (15), an ignition powder core (14), a starting powder column (13), an oxygen generating powder column (12), and an impurity gas filter (11) are laid in sequence from top to bottom in the cavity of the metal shell (10) located inside the heat insulating material (15); a bottom cover (20) is provided at the bottom of the metal shell (10), and an air outlet (9) is provided on the bottom cover (20); a top cover (19) is provided at the top of the metal shell (10), and a heat insulating material (15) is laid between the inner wall of the top cover (19) and the single-hole metal plate (17); and a gas outlet (9) is provided on the top cover (19). A through hole is provided, and the through hole is used to connect the electric starter (16). The copper protective shell (4) is screwed into the copper core (1), and the copper core (1) is then fixed to the top cover (19) of the solid oxygen generator through a hexagonal copper nut (2) to realize the connection of the electric starter (16). The portion of the ceramic inner core (5) not wrapped by the copper protective shell (4) and close to the electric ignition head (8) passes through the multi-layer heat insulation material (15) and the single-hole metal plate (17) in sequence, wherein the center of the heat insulation material (15) and the single-hole metal plate (17) is provided with a small hole with a diameter equivalent to the diameter of the ceramic inner core (5), so that the ceramic inner core (5) can pass through smoothly, deliver the ignition head (8) to the top of the ignition powder core (14) and seal the single hole of the heat insulation material (15) and the single-hole metal plate (17).

Images