Mixed phase modulation type GM pulse tube refrigerator
By introducing a hybrid phase adjustment active and passive piston phase adjustment mechanism into the GM vascular refrigerator, the thermal end sound power is recovered, and the problem of low efficiency of traditional GM vascular refrigerators is solved and a higher refrigeration efficiency is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421990105.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-15
AI Technical Summary
Traditional GM vascular refrigerators are inefficient and cannot meet the current engineering needs. They are mainly due to the inability to recycle the sound power of the thermal end, which causes waste heat to be dissipated.
A hybrid phase adjustment GM vascular refrigerator is used to set up an active piston phase adjustment mechanism and a passive piston phase adjustment mechanism. These phase adjustment mechanisms are used to recover the sound work of the vascular hot end to improve the refrigeration efficiency.
By retrieving the thermal end sound power, the overall efficiency of the GM vascular refrigerator is significantly improved, and the problem of low efficiency of traditional vascular refrigerators is solved.
Smart Images
Figure CN222912015U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of refrigerators, and particularly relates to a hybrid phase modulation type GM pulse tube refrigerator. Background Technique
[0002] With the rapid development of modern science and technology such as aerospace, quantum computing, and infrared detection technology, it has also promoted the progress and development of cryogenic refrigeration technology. The pre-cooling systems of quantum computing and quantum communication require cryogenic refrigerators with long life and low vibration interference, mainly GM pulse tube refrigerators. According to different cooling capacities and temperature ranges, there are different refrigerator models such as single-stage and multi-stage. Pulse tube refrigerators have a simple structure, and the cold finger assembly has no moving parts, with inherent advantages such as high reliability, long life, and low vibration interference. However, traditional pulse tube refrigerators have problems such as low efficiency and cannot meet the current engineering requirements.
[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to solve the problem of low efficiency of pulse tube refrigerators. The efficiency of traditional pulse tube refrigerators is lower than that of Stirling refrigerators. The reason is that the acoustic power at the hot end cannot be recovered like that of Stirling refrigerators through a moving expeller or piston, but is dissipated in the form of waste heat at phase modulation mechanisms such as the inertia tube and the bi-directional intake pipe. Utilizing the work recovery technology path can improve the refrigeration efficiency and make up for the disadvantage of low pulse tube refrigeration efficiency.
[0004] The phase modulation mechanisms of existing GM pulse tube refrigerators are mostly bi-directional intake type, small hole phase modulation type, or a combination of the two phase modulation methods, which easily form a circulating flow between the pulse tube and the regenerator, causing instability of the refrigeration temperature, that is, the "direct current" phenomenon. In addition, since the acoustic power at the hot end is dissipated in the form of waste heat at phase modulation mechanisms such as the bi-directional intake pipe or small holes, the efficiency of the pulse tube refrigerator is low. Based on this, the present application proposes a hybrid phase modulation type GM pulse tube refrigerator to solve the above deficiencies, recover the acoustic power at the hot end while modulating the phase, and greatly improve the refrigeration efficiency. Content of the Utility Model
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: how to provide a hybrid phase modulation type GM pulse tube refrigerator to improve the refrigeration efficiency of the GM pulse tube refrigerator.
[0006] To solve the above technical problem, the utility model provides the following technical solution:
[0007] A hybrid phase modulation type GM pulse tube refrigerator includes an active piston phase modulation mechanism, a passive piston phase modulation mechanism, a first-stage cold finger assembly, a second-stage cold finger assembly, a compressor, and a phase modulation connecting pipe. The compressor is connected to the first-stage cold finger assembly through a helium pipe, and the compressor is also connected to the second-stage cold finger assembly through a helium pipe. The compressor supplies gas and inputs work to the first-stage cold finger assembly and the second-stage cold finger assembly;
[0008] The other end of the first-stage cold finger assembly is connected to the active piston phase adjustment mechanism through a phase adjustment connecting pipe, and the other end of the second-stage cold finger assembly is connected to the passive piston phase adjustment mechanism through a phase adjustment connecting pipe.
[0009] This application is provided with a hybrid phase adjustment mechanism, which can select active phase adjustment or passive phase adjustment according to requirements, with higher flexibility and adaptability. Both active piston phase adjustment and passive piston phase adjustment can recover the acoustic power at the hot end of the pulse tube while working, further improving the overall efficiency of the machine.
[0010] As a further solution of the present utility model: The active piston phase adjustment mechanism can be a single-piston active phase adjustment mechanism or a double-piston opposed active phase adjustment mechanism.
[0011] As a further solution of the present utility model: The double-piston opposed active phase adjustment mechanism includes a housing and first-stage phase adjustment pistons symmetrically arranged inside the housing. The outer side of the first-stage phase adjustment pistons is connected to a framework, and an active phase adjustment linear motor is arranged outside the framework. There is a first-stage cylinder between the two groups of first-stage phase adjustment pistons, and the two groups of active phase adjustment linear motors are arranged on the first-stage cylinder.
[0012] As a further solution of the present utility model: The active phase adjustment linear motor includes an inner stator, an outer stator, a coil, and a permanent magnet. The permanent magnet is bonded to the corresponding framework, and the inner stator is fixed on the thin-walled outer circle of the first-stage cylinder; the outer stator is sleeved on the corresponding coil and fixed on the flange end face of the first-stage cylinder.
[0013] As a further solution of the present utility model: The coil inputs low-frequency alternating current to form an alternating magnetic field; the permanent magnet can drive the connected first-stage phase adjustment piston to perform axial reciprocating motion under the action of the alternating magnetic field force.
[0014] As a further solution of the present utility model: The passive piston phase adjustment mechanism can be a single-piston passive phase adjustment mechanism or a double-piston opposed passive phase adjustment mechanism.
[0015] As a further solution of the present utility model: The double-piston opposed passive phase adjustment mechanism includes a second-stage cylinder, a column spring, a spring seat, and second-stage phase adjustment pistons symmetrically arranged inside the second-stage cylinder. The second-stage phase adjustment pistons are connected to one side of the column spring, and the other side of the column spring is connected to the spring seat. The second-stage phase adjustment pistons can perform reciprocating motion under the action of the alternating air flow in the second-stage cold finger assembly. By adjusting the stiffness of the column spring and the mass of the second-stage phase adjustment pistons, the stroke of the phase adjustment piston is controlled.
[0016] As a further solution of the present utility model: The primary cold finger assembly includes a primary regenerator hot end heat exchanger, a primary regenerator, a primary regenerator cold end heat exchanger, a primary connecting pipe, a primary pulse tube cold end heat exchanger, a primary pulse tube, and a primary pulse tube hot end heat exchanger, which are connected in sequence. The primary regenerator hot end heat exchanger is connected to the helium pipe, and the primary pulse tube hot end heat exchanger is connected to the phase adjustment connecting pipe.
[0017] As a further solution of the present utility model: The secondary cold finger assembly includes a secondary regenerator hot end heat exchanger, a secondary first-stage regenerator, a precooling heat exchanger, a secondary second-stage regenerator, a secondary regenerator cold end heat exchanger, a secondary connecting pipe, a secondary pulse tube cold end heat exchanger, a secondary pulse tube, and a secondary pulse tube hot end heat exchanger, which are connected in sequence. The secondary regenerator hot end heat exchanger is connected to the helium pipe, and the secondary pulse tube hot end heat exchanger is connected to the phase adjustment connecting pipe.
[0018] As a further solution of the present utility model: The precooling heat exchanger is connected to the primary regenerator cold end heat exchanger in the primary cold finger assembly, and the secondary pulse tube hot end heat exchanger is connected to the primary pulse tube cold end heat exchanger in the primary cold finger assembly.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:
[0020] First of all, the present application is provided with a hybrid phase adjustment mechanism, which can select active phase adjustment or passive phase adjustment according to requirements, with higher flexibility and adaptability. Both active piston phase adjustment and passive piston phase adjustment can recover the acoustic power at the hot end of the pulse tube while working, further improving the overall efficiency of the machine.
[0021] Secondly, the active phase adjustment mechanism of the present application is driven by a linear motor. By adjusting the motor parameters, the phase, displacement, and frequency of the phase adjustment piston are controlled to achieve active phase adjustment, so that the mass flow at the hot end of the pulse tube and the pressure wave reach the optimal phase angle, realizing the high efficiency of the whole machine; it solves the problems of insufficient phase adjustment ability, complex structure, and low efficiency of traditional two-way air intake, small hole air reservoir, etc.
[0022] Finally, the passive phase adjustment of the present application controls the movement stroke of the phase adjustment piston by adjusting parameters such as spring stiffness, mass, and diameter of the phase adjustment piston to achieve passive phase adjustment, so that the mass flow at the hot end of the pulse tube and the pressure wave reach the optimal phase angle, realizing the high efficiency of the whole machine. Description of the Drawings
[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid phase adjustment type GM pulse tube refrigerator according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;
[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a double-piston opposed active phase adjustment mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;
[0025] Figure 3Structural schematic diagram of the active phase modulation linear motor in Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;
[0026] Figure 4 Structural schematic diagram of the double-piston opposed passive phase modulation mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;
[0027] Figure 5 Another installation schematic diagram of the hybrid phase modulation type GM cryocooler in Embodiment 2 of the present utility model;
[0028] Description of the reference numerals in the drawings:
[0029] 2. Double-piston opposed active phase modulation mechanism; 21. Active phase modulation linear motor; 2101. Inner stator; 2102. Outer stator; 2103. Coil; 2104. Permanent magnet; 22. First-stage phase modulation piston; 23. First-stage cylinder; 24. Skeleton; 25. End cover; 26. Outer shell;
[0030] 3. Double-piston opposed passive phase modulation mechanism; 31. Second-stage phase modulation piston; 32. Column spring; 33. Spring seat; 34. Second-stage cylinder;
[0031] 4. First-stage cold finger assembly; 41. First-stage regenerator hot end heat exchanger; 42. First-stage regenerator; 43. First-stage regenerator cold end heat exchanger; 44. First-stage connecting pipe; 45. First-stage pulse tube cold end heat exchanger; 46. First-stage pulse tube; 47. First-stage pulse tube hot end heat exchanger;
[0032] 5. Second-stage cold finger assembly; 51. Second-stage regenerator hot end heat exchanger; 52. First section of the second-stage regenerator; 53. Pre-cooling heat exchanger; 54. Second section of the second-stage regenerator; 55. Second-stage regenerator cold end heat exchanger; 56. Second-stage connecting pipe; 57. Second-stage pulse tube cold end heat exchanger; 58. Second-stage pulse tube; 59. Second-stage pulse tube hot end heat exchanger;
[0033] 6. Compressor; 62. Rotary valve; 63. Second-stage helium pipe; 64. First-stage helium pipe;
[0034] 10. First-stage phase modulation connecting pipe;
[0035] 70. Second-stage phase modulation connecting pipe. Detailed implementation manners
[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present utility model. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0037] Embodiment 1
[0038] Reference Figure 1 Figure 1 , a hybrid phase modulation type GM cryocooler, including a double-piston opposed active phase modulation mechanism 2, a double-piston opposed passive phase modulation mechanism 3, a first-stage cold finger assembly 4, a second-stage cold finger assembly 5, a compressor 6, a first-stage phase modulation connecting pipe 10 and a second-stage phase modulation connecting pipe 70; the compressor 6 is connected to the first-stage cold finger assembly 4 through a first-stage helium pipe 64, and the compressor 6 is connected to the second-stage cold finger assembly 5 through a second-stage helium pipe 63. The compressor 6 supplies gas and inputs work to the first-stage cold finger assembly 4 and the second-stage cold finger assembly 5; the other end of the first-stage cold finger assembly 4 is connected to the double-piston opposed active phase modulation mechanism 2 through the first-stage phase modulation connecting pipe 10, and the other end of the second-stage cold finger assembly 5 is connected to the double-piston opposed passive phase modulation mechanism 3 through the second-stage phase modulation connecting pipe 70; it should be noted that rotary valves 62 are provided on both the first-stage helium pipe 64 and the second-stage helium pipe 63, and the compressor 6 supplies gas and inputs work to the first-stage cold finger assembly 4 and the second-stage cold finger assembly 5.
[0039] Reference Figure 2 Figure 2 , the double-piston opposed active phase modulation mechanism 2 includes an active phase modulation linear motor 21, a first-stage phase modulation piston 22, a first-stage cylinder 23, a framework 24, an end cover 25, and a housing 26; the housing 26 has a cylindrical structure with openings at both ends and is fixed on both sides through the end cover 25; two sets of the active phase modulation linear motor 21, the first-stage phase modulation piston 22, and the framework 24 are symmetrically arranged and are all integrated inside the housing 26. The double-piston opposed active phase modulation mechanism 2 is symmetrically arranged about the middle first-stage cylinder 23; the active phase modulation linear motor 21, the first-stage phase modulation piston 22, and the framework 24 are symmetrically arranged and installed on both sides of the first-stage cylinder 23, forming a compression chamber and two back-pressure chambers. A compression chamber is formed between the two first-stage phase modulation pistons 22, and back-pressure chambers are formed between the two frameworks 24 and the end cover 25;
[0040] The first-stage cylinder 23 is a opposed cylinder, with both ends respectively connected to the two first-stage phase modulation pistons 22. The two sets of frameworks 24 have an inverted "U" shape and are symmetrically installed on both sides of the first-stage cylinder 23. The two sets of active phase modulation linear motors 21 are located outside the first-stage cylinder 23, and the frameworks 24 are inserted between the active phase modulation linear motors 21 and the first-stage cylinder 23; one end of the first-stage cylinder 23 in the double-piston opposed active phase modulation mechanism 2 is connected to the first-stage pulse tube hot-end heat exchanger 47 of the first-stage cold finger assembly 4 through the first-stage phase modulation connecting pipe 10. The first-stage phase modulation piston 22 can be supported by a spring (such as a column spring or a plate spring), and can be mechanically connected radially, or can also be supported by an air-floating bearing to reduce piston wear and improve the overall life of the machine.
[0041] Further, reference Figure 2 and Figure 3, the active phase modulation linear motor 21 includes an inner stator 2101, an outer stator 2102, a coil 2103, and a permanent magnet 2104. The permanent magnet 2104 is bonded to the skeleton 24, and the skeleton 24 is fixedly connected to the top of the first-stage phase modulation piston 22. The inner stator 2101 is fixed on the outer circumference of the thin wall of the first-stage cylinder 23, and the outer stator 2102 is sleeved on the coil 2103 and then fixed on the flange end face of the first-stage cylinder 23. When in use, a low-frequency alternating current is input to the coil 2103 to form an alternating magnetic field. Under the action of the alternating magnetic field force, the permanent magnet 2104 drives the connected first-stage phase modulation piston 22 to perform an axial reciprocating motion. The first-stage phase modulation piston 22 reciprocates in the first-stage cylinder 23 to form a pressure wave, that is, drives the air flow to oscillate back and forth to form a pressure wave, adjusts the phase angle between the mass flow at the hot end of the pulse tube and the pressure wave, and controls the phase, displacement, and operating frequency of the first-stage phase modulation piston 22 by changing parameters such as the voltage, phase, and frequency of the linear motor, so as to obtain the best phase angle between the mass flow at the hot end of the pulse tube and the pressure wave, achieve the best active phase modulation function, and recover the acoustic power at the hot end to improve the overall efficiency of the machine.
[0042] When adopting the single-piston active phase modulation mechanism, the others are the same as above. The difference is that one side structure of the double-piston opposed active phase modulation mechanism 2 can be removed to form a single-piston active phase modulation mechanism (not shown in the figure). The working principle of the double-piston opposed active phase modulation mechanism 2 is the same as that of the single-piston active phase modulation mechanism. The difference is that the double-piston opposed active phase modulation mechanism 2 can drive two groups of first-stage phase modulation pistons 22 to work simultaneously; by inputting the same low-frequency alternating current to the active phase modulation linear motors 21 on both sides, the opposed phase modulation pistons on both sides perform low-frequency synchronous reciprocating motions in opposite directions under the action of the alternating current, realizing active phase modulation and recovering acoustic power while reducing vibration.
[0043] Refer to Figure 4 , the double-piston opposed passive phase modulation mechanism 3 includes a second-stage phase modulation piston 31, a column spring 32, a spring seat 33, and a second-stage cylinder 34. The second-stage phase modulation piston 31 is connected to one side of the column spring 32, and the other side of the column spring 32 is connected to the spring seat 33. The second-stage phase modulation piston 31 can perform a reciprocating motion under the action of the alternating air flow in the second-stage cold finger assembly 5. By adjusting the stiffness of the column spring 32 and the mass of the second-stage phase modulation piston 31, the stroke of the second-stage phase modulation piston 31 is controlled, so as to adjust the phase angle between the mass flow at the hot end of the pulse tube and the pressure wave of the second-stage cold finger assembly 5, and obtain the best phase angle between the mass flow at the hot end of the pulse tube and the pressure wave through comparison, realizing the best passive phase modulation function. It should be noted that the second-stage phase modulation piston 31 can be supported by a radial air bearing while being supported by the column spring 32, or can also adopt a leaf spring support method.
[0044] When a single-piston passive phase modulation mechanism is adopted, the rest is the same as above, with the difference being that one side structure of the double-piston opposed passive phase modulation mechanism 3 can be removed to form a single-piston passive phase modulation mechanism (not shown in the figure); it should be noted that the working principle of the double-piston opposed passive phase modulation mechanism is the same as that of the single-piston passive phase modulation mechanism, with the difference being that the double-piston opposed passive phase modulation mechanism can drive two groups of phase modulation pistons to work simultaneously.
[0045] Refer to Figure 1 , the first-stage cold finger assembly 4 includes a first-stage regenerator hot-end heat exchanger 41, a first-stage regenerator 42, a first-stage regenerator cold-end heat exchanger 43, a first-stage connecting pipe 44, a first-stage pulse tube cold-end heat exchanger 45, a first-stage pulse tube 46, and a first-stage pulse tube hot-end heat exchanger 47 connected in sequence. The first-stage regenerator hot-end heat exchanger 41 is connected to the first-stage helium pipe 64, and the first-stage pulse tube hot-end heat exchanger 47 is connected to the first-stage phase modulation connecting pipe 10; the gas flows back and forth between the components. The first-stage regenerator 42 is filled with regenerative materials, and stainless steel wire mesh, HoCu2, Er3Ni, etc. regenerative materials are selected according to different refrigeration temperature ranges. The gas expands and does work to refrigerate in the first-stage pulse tube 46.
[0046] Refer to Figure 1 , the second-stage cold finger assembly 5 includes a second-stage regenerator hot-end heat exchanger 51, a second-stage first-stage regenerator 52, a precooling heat exchanger 53, a second-stage second-stage regenerator 54, a second-stage regenerator cold-end heat exchanger 55, a second-stage connecting pipe 56, a second-stage pulse tube cold-end heat exchanger 57, a second-stage pulse tube 58, and a second-stage pulse tube hot-end heat exchanger 59 connected in sequence. The second-stage regenerator hot-end heat exchanger 51 is connected to the second-stage helium pipe 63, and the second-stage pulse tube hot-end heat exchanger 59 is connected to the second-stage phase modulation connecting pipe 70. It should be noted that the precooling heat exchanger 53 is connected to the first-stage regenerator cold-end heat exchanger 43, and the second-stage pulse tube hot-end heat exchanger 59 is connected to the first-stage pulse tube cold-end heat exchanger 45 for precooling to make the second-stage refrigeration temperature lower.
[0047] Refer to Figure 1 , the compressor 6 supplies gas and input work to the first-stage cold finger assembly 4 and the second-stage cold finger assembly 5. The input work forms high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which is then cooled by the regenerator in the cold finger assembly and expands and absorbs heat at the cold-end heat exchanger to absorb external heat to achieve the refrigeration effect.
[0048] Embodiment 2
[0049] Refer to Figure 5 , different from Embodiment 1, the double-piston opposed passive phase modulation mechanism 3 is switched to two single-piston passive phase modulation mechanisms, and then the two single-piston passive phase modulation mechanisms are respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of the double-piston opposed active phase modulation mechanism 2. The two single-piston passive phase modulation mechanisms are still connected to the second-stage cold finger assembly 5 through the second-stage phase modulation connecting pipe 70.
[0050] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A hybrid phase-modulated GM pulse tube refrigerator, characterized in that: The invention comprises an active piston phase adjustment mechanism, a passive piston phase adjustment mechanism, a primary cold finger assembly (4), a secondary cold finger assembly (5), a compressor (6) and a phase adjustment connecting pipe, wherein the compressor (6) is connected to the primary cold finger assembly (4) via a helium pipe, and the compressor (6) is connected to the secondary cold finger assembly (5) via a helium pipe, and the compressor (6) supplies air and inputs work to the primary cold finger assembly (4) and the secondary cold finger assembly (5); The other end of the primary cold finger assembly (4) is connected to the active piston phase adjustment mechanism via a phase adjustment connecting pipe, and the other end of the secondary cold finger assembly (5) is connected to the passive piston phase adjustment mechanism via a phase adjustment connecting pipe.
2. The hybrid phase-modulated GM pulse tube refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active piston phase adjustment mechanism may be a single piston active phase adjustment mechanism or a dual piston opposed active phase adjustment mechanism (2).
3. The hybrid phase-modulated GM pulse tube refrigerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dual-piston opposed active phase-adjusting mechanism (2) comprises a housing (26) and a primary phase-adjusting piston (22) disposed in the housing (26) and symmetrically arranged, the outer side of the primary phase-adjusting piston (22) being connected to a frame (24), an active phase-adjusting linear motor (21) being disposed on the outer side of the frame (24), a primary cylinder (23) being disposed between two groups of primary phase-adjusting pistons (22), and two groups of active phase-adjusting linear motors (21) being disposed on the primary cylinder (23).
4. The hybrid phase-modulated GM pulse tube refrigerator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The active phase-modulating linear motor (21) comprises an inner stator (2101), an outer stator (2102), a coil (2103) and a magnetic steel (2104); the magnetic steel (2104) is bonded to a corresponding frame (24); the inner stator (2101) is fixed to the thin-walled outer circle of a first-stage cylinder (23); the outer stator (2102) is sleeved on the corresponding coil (2103) and fixed to the flange end face of the first-stage cylinder (23).
5. The hybrid phase-modulated GM pulse tube refrigerator according to claim 4, characterized in that: Low-frequency alternating current is input into the coil (2103) to form an alternating magnetic field; the magnetic steel (2104) can drive the connected primary phase-adjusting piston (22) to perform axial reciprocating motion under the action of the alternating magnetic field force.
6. The hybrid phase-modulated GM pulse tube refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The passive piston phase adjustment mechanism may be a single piston passive phase adjustment mechanism or a double piston opposed passive phase adjustment mechanism (3).
7. The hybrid phase-modulated GM pulse tube refrigerator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dual-piston opposed passive phase-adjusting mechanism (3) comprises a secondary cylinder (34), a column spring (32), a spring seat (33), and a secondary phase-adjusting piston (31) located in the secondary cylinder (34) and symmetrically arranged. The secondary phase-adjusting piston (31) is connected to one side of the column spring (32), and the other side of the column spring (32) is connected to the spring seat (33). The secondary phase-adjusting piston (31) can reciprocate under the action of an alternating airflow in a secondary cold finger assembly (5). The stroke of the phase-adjusting piston (31) is controlled by adjusting the stiffness of the column spring (32) and the mass of the secondary phase-adjusting piston (31).
8. The hybrid phase-modulated GM pulse tube refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary cold finger assembly (4) comprises a primary regenerator hot end heat exchanger (41), a primary regenerator (42), a primary regenerator cold end heat exchanger (43), a primary connecting pipe (44), a primary pulse tube cold end heat exchanger (45), a primary pulse tube (46) and a primary pulse tube hot end heat exchanger (47) which are connected in sequence. The primary regenerator hot end heat exchanger (41) is connected to a helium tube, and the primary pulse tube hot end heat exchanger (47) is connected to a conditioning connecting pipe.
9. The hybrid phase-modulated GM pulse tube refrigerator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The secondary cold finger assembly (5) comprises a secondary regenerator hot end heat exchanger (51), a secondary first stage regenerator (52), a precooling heat exchanger (53), a secondary second stage regenerator (54), a secondary regenerator cold end heat exchanger (55), a secondary connecting pipe (56), a secondary pulse tube cold end heat exchanger (57), a secondary pulse tube (58) and a secondary pulse tube hot end heat exchanger (59) which are connected in sequence. The secondary regenerator hot end heat exchanger (51) is connected to a helium tube, and the secondary pulse tube hot end heat exchanger (59) is connected to a conditioning connecting pipe.
10. The hybrid phase-modulated GM pulse tube refrigerator according to claim 9, characterized in that: The precooling heat exchanger (53) is connected to the first-stage regenerator cold end heat exchanger (43) in the first-stage cold finger assembly (4), and the second-stage pulse tube hot end heat exchanger (59) is connected to the first-stage pulse tube cold end heat exchanger (45) in the first-stage cold finger assembly (4).