Orthopedic surgical instrument with tool bit capable of swinging back and forth

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to an orthopedic surgical instrument with a tool bit swinging in a reciprocating mode. The power connector is connected to a power handle, the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the power connector, the driving mechanism is arranged at the front end of the transmission shaft, the tool bit is installed on the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism comprises a sun gear installed at the front end of the transmission shaft, a planet gear normally meshed with the sun gear and a large gear ring normally meshed with the planet gear; the planet wheel is rotatably mounted on the turntable, and the lower surface of the turntable is connected with the driving shaft; the tool bit comprises a tool apron of a circular tube structure, a tool bit body hinged to the front end of the tool apron and a rotating rod rotatably installed in the tool apron, the tool bit body is hinged to the tool apron through a swing shaft, and a clamping groove is formed in the rear end of the tool bit body. A ball head clamped in the clamping groove is arranged at the front end of the rotating rod, and the rear end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected with the driving shaft. According to the surgical instrument, manual operation is replaced by motor driving, the structure is reasonable, operation is smooth, a transmission mechanism is evenly stressed, and clamping stagnation is not prone to occurring during operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly relates to an orthopedic surgical instrument with a reciprocating swing cutter head. Background Technique

[0002] In orthopedic surgeries, it is often necessary to process the bone surface. The traditional processing methods are to use manual tools such as knives and bone shovels for processing, which are slow, inefficient, and cause high labor intensity for medical staff. For example, in spinal surgeries, sometimes it is necessary to remove a large area of vertebral bone tissue or polish the bone tissue. At this time, if there are only simple manual tools such as scrapers and bone shovels, the operation time is long, and medical staff perform monotonous repetitive actions for a long time without rest, which is likely to affect the quality of the operation. Chinese Patent 201820537506X discloses "A Large-Scale Bone Shovel for Intervertebral Foraminoscopy", and the publication number is CN208958248U. A speed reducer is provided in the operating handle of this bone shovel. The speed reducer drives the rotating wheel to rotate, and the rotating wheel drives the operating rod to reciprocate through the second connecting rod and the first connecting rod, realizing the electric function. Although the structure of this bone shovel is simple, the fitting clearance of the driving mechanism is large, and the torque during the movement of the operating rod is small. Another Chinese patent application of the applicant, 2024201597184, discloses "A Reciprocating Drive Left and Right Swing Cutter Head Surgical Instrument", and the publication number is CN221383680U. This instrument uses bevel gears to drive the cam to rotate. The cam pushes the push rod to move reciprocally, and the push rod drives the cutter head to swing left and right through the crank arm mechanism, realizing the replacement of manual operation with motor drive, which is convenient and labor-saving to use. However, when using the push rod to drive the crank arm mechanism to move, a large resistance is encountered when the movement direction of the push rod changes, requiring a large motor power. It is easy to get stuck when the motor power is insufficient or the crank arm mechanism is worn. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an orthopedic surgical instrument with a reciprocating swing cutter head that has a reasonable structure and is convenient to use, replaces manual operation with motor drive, and the transmission mechanism is evenly stressed and not prone to jamming.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The orthopedic surgical instrument with a reciprocating swing cutter head of the present utility model includes a power connector connected to a power handle, a transmission shaft fixedly connected to the power connector, a driving mechanism arranged at the front end of the transmission shaft, and a cutter head mounted on the driving mechanism. The driving mechanism includes a sun gear mounted at the front end of the transmission shaft, a planet gear constantly meshing with the sun gear, and a large gear ring constantly meshing with the planet gear. The planet gear is rotatably mounted on the upper surface of a turntable through a rotating shaft, and the lower surface of the turntable is fixedly connected to a driving shaft. The cutter head includes a cutter base in a circular tubular structure, a cutter head body hinged to the front end of the cutter base, and a rotating rod rotatably mounted in the cutter base. The cutter head body is hinged to the cutter base through a swing shaft, and a clamping groove is arranged at the rear end of the cutter head body. A ball head clamped in the clamping groove is arranged at the front end of the rotating rod, and the rear end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the driving shaft.

[0006] Through this solution, the power handle drives the rotating rod to rotate through the planetary gear driving mechanism, and drives the cutter head body to swing through the rotation of the rotating rod. Its structure is reasonable, the driving mechanism operates smoothly, the cutter head body is not easily stuck, and the motor drive replaces manual operation, which is convenient to use.

[0007] Preferably, the rotating rod is coaxially arranged with the driving shaft, the clamping groove is a long strip groove with an axis parallel to the swing shaft, and the ball head is located at an eccentric position on the front end face of the rotating rod.

[0008] Through this solution, the rotating rod making a circular motion can drive the cutter head body to reciprocate swing, the ball head is evenly stressed, and the cutter head body is not easily stuck.

[0009] Preferably, a sleeve is sleeved outside the transmission shaft, the front end of the sleeve is fixedly connected to the large gear ring, a driving shaft sleeve is sleeved outside the driving shaft, the rear end of the driving shaft sleeve is fixedly connected to the large gear ring, and the front end is fixedly connected to the cutter base.

[0010] Through this solution, the relatively stationary sleeve and driving shaft sleeve and the large gear ring jointly constitute the support and protection for the rotating components.

[0011] Preferably, the sun gear is coaxially arranged with the transmission shaft, the three planet gears are evenly distributed around the sun gear, and the driving shaft is coaxially arranged with the transmission shaft.

[0012] Through this solution, the planetary gear driving mechanism has a compact structure and operates smoothly.

[0013] Preferably, the turntable is in a circular disc structure, a rotating shaft is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the turntable, and the planet gear is rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft.

[0014] Through this solution, it is convenient for the assembly of the planet gear and the turntable.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: This surgical instrument realizes the replacement of manual operation with motor drive, has a reasonable structure and smooth operation, and the transmission mechanism is evenly stressed and not prone to jamming during operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic assembly structure diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic assembly structure diagram of the tool head and the tool holder;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic side structure diagram of the tool head;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic front structure diagram of the tool head; DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0020] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] As Figure 1 shown, the orthopedic surgical instrument with reciprocating swing of the tool head described in the present utility model includes a power connector 1 connected to a power handle, a transmission shaft 2 fixedly connected to the power connector 1, a driving mechanism provided at the front end of the transmission shaft 2, and a tool head 3 mounted on the driving mechanism. The power connector 1 is used to connect a general power handle, and the structure of the power handle is the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art and is not shown in the drawings. A driving motor is installed in the power handle, and the power of the driving motor is transmitted to the transmission shaft 2 through the locking structure at the end of the power connector 1, and then the tool head assembly is driven to move through the driving mechanism to realize surgical actions such as scraping, shoveling, and grinding. The transmission shaft 2 can be a hollow tubular structure as Figure 1 shown, or a solid rod-shaped structure.

[0022] The driving mechanism includes a sun gear 4 installed at the front end of a transmission shaft 2, a planet gear 5 that constantly meshes with the sun gear 4, and a large gear ring 6 that constantly meshes with the planet gear 5. Both the sun gear 4 and the planet gear 5 are cylindrical gears, and meshing teeth for meshing with the planet gear 5 are provided on the inner wall of the large gear ring 6. The sun gear 4 is coaxially arranged with the transmission shaft 2, welded to the front end of the transmission shaft 2, or fixedly sleeved on the front end of the transmission shaft 2 through interference fit. Two to five of the planet gears 5 are evenly distributed around the sun gear 4. The more the number of planet gears 5, the better the stability during operation. In this embodiment, three planet gears 5 are arranged around the sun gear 4 at an interval of 120-degree angles. The planet gear 5 is rotatably installed on the upper surface of a turntable 51 through a rotating shaft, and the lower surface of the turntable 51 is fixedly connected to a drive shaft 7. The drive shaft 7 is coaxially arranged with the transmission shaft 2. In this embodiment, the turntable 51 is a circular disk-like structure, and a rotating shaft is fixedly provided on the upper surface of the turntable 51. The planet gear 5 is rotatably installed on the rotating shaft. As other embodiments of the present utility model, a planet gear bracket can also be fixedly installed on the upper surface of the turntable 51, and the planet gear 5 is installed on the planet gear bracket. There are various structures of the planet gear bracket, which are all prior arts and will not be described in detail herein.

[0023] As Figures 1-4 shown, the cutter head 3 includes a cutter seat 31 with a circular tubular structure, a cutter head body 32 hinged to the front end of the cutter seat 31, and a rotating rod 33 rotatably installed in the cutter seat 31. The front end of the cutter head body 32 is an end face with a diamond abrasive structure, and when the cutter head body 32 swings, it can perform grinding and scraping on the bone surface. A swing shaft 34 is provided at the rear end of the cutter head body 32 and is hinged to the cutter seat 31 through the swing shaft 34. A shaft hole for installing the swing shaft 34 is provided on the side wall of the cutter seat 31. In addition, a card slot is provided at the part where the rear end of the cutter head body 32 extends into the cutter seat 31. The card slot is a long strip-shaped groove with an axis parallel to the swing shaft 34. A ball head 35 clamped in the card slot is provided at the front end of the rotating rod 33, and the rear end of the rotating rod 33 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 7. The ball head 35 is located at an eccentric position on the front end face of the rotating rod 33. The rotating rod 33 is coaxially arranged with the drive shaft 7. When the drive shaft 7 and the rotating rod 33 rotate, the ball head 35 makes a circular motion. The ball head 35 reciprocates in the card slot to drive the cutter head body 32 to swing back and forth, and the bone surface is ground by the diamond abrasive structure on the end face of the cutter head body 32.

[0024] In addition, as a further improvement of the present utility model, a sleeve 8 is sleeved outside the transmission shaft 2. The front end of the sleeve 8 is fixedly connected to the large gear ring 6. A drive shaft sleeve 9 is sleeved outside the drive shaft 7. The rear end of the drive shaft sleeve 9 is fixedly connected to the large gear ring 6, and the front end is fixedly connected to the cutter seat 31. In this way, the sleeve 8, the large gear ring 6, the drive shaft sleeve 9, and the cutter seat 31 are fixedly connected together to form a rigid support housing structure, which plays a role in supporting and protecting the internal rotating components.

[0025] The orthopedic surgical instrument with reciprocating swing of the tool head described in the present utility model can be used for treating spinal degenerative diseases, such as intervertebral disc herniation, spinal stenosis, intervertebral disc collapse, etc. It is mainly used for removing vertebral bone tissue on a large area, replacing manual scrapers and bone shovels, improving work efficiency and facilitating precise operation of the surgery. During clinical use, the power connector 1 is connected to the power handle device, and it is placed into the surgical site in the human body through the working channel or working pipeline of the endoscope. The working surface with a diamond abrasive structure at the front end of the tool head 3 is placed on the bone tissue to be treated, and the working surface is closely attached to the bone tissue to be treated. The driving motor in the power handle is started through the switch or foot switch on the power handle to drive the transmission shaft 2 to rotate. When the transmission shaft 2 rotates, it drives the sun gear 4 to rotate. The sun gear 4 drives the planet gear 5 to rotate together with the turntable 51. The turntable 51 drives the drive shaft 7 to rotate in the same direction. The front end of the drive shaft 7 is fixedly connected with a rotating rod 33 with a ball head 35. When the rotating rod 33 rotates, the ball head 35 located at the eccentric position makes a circular motion. The ball head 35 is inserted into the card slot at the rear end of the tool head body 32. When the ball head 35 makes a circular motion, it drives the tool head body 32 to reciprocate, and the diamond abrasive structure on the end face of the tool head body 32 grinds the bone surface.

[0026] The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art.

[0027] Although the embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present utility model. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An orthopedic surgical instrument with a reciprocating blade, comprising a power joint (1) connected to a power handle, a transmission shaft (2) fixedly connected to the power joint (1), a driving mechanism arranged at the front end of the transmission shaft (2), and a blade (3) mounted on the driving mechanism, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a sun gear (4) mounted at the front end of the transmission shaft (2), a planetary gear (5) constantly meshing with the sun gear (4), and a large gear ring (6) constantly meshing with the planetary gear (5); the planetary gear (5) is rotatably mounted on the upper surface of a rotating disk (51) via a rotating shaft, and the lower surface of the rotating disk (51) is fixedly connected to the driving shaft (7); the cutter head (3) comprises a cutter seat (31) of a circular tubular structure, a cutter head body (32) hinged at the front end of the cutter seat (31), and a rotating rod (33) rotatably mounted in the cutter seat (31); the cutter head body (32) is hinged on the cutter seat (31) via a swing shaft (34), and a slot is provided at the rear end of the cutter head body (32); a ball head (35) is provided at the front end of the rotating rod (33) and is locked in the slot, and the rear end of the rotating rod (33) is fixedly connected to the driving shaft (7).

2. An orthopedic surgical instrument with a reciprocating blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating rod (33) is coaxially arranged with the driving shaft (7); the clamping groove is a long strip groove with an axis parallel to the swing shaft (34); and the ball head (35) is located at an eccentric position on the front end surface of the rotating rod (33).

3. An orthopedic surgical instrument with a reciprocating blade head according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The transmission shaft (2) is sleeved with a sleeve (8), the front end of which is fixedly connected to the large toothed ring (6); the drive shaft (7) is sleeved with a drive shaft sleeve (9), the rear end of which is fixedly connected to the large toothed ring (6), and the front end of which is fixedly connected to the knife seat (31).

4. An orthopedic surgical instrument with a reciprocating blade head according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sun gear (4) is coaxially arranged with the transmission shaft (2), the three planetary gears (5) are evenly distributed around the sun gear (4), and the drive shaft (7) is coaxially arranged with the transmission shaft (2).

5. An orthopedic surgical instrument with a reciprocating blade head according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The turntable (51) is a circular disk-shaped structure. A rotating shaft is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the turntable (51), and the planetary gear (5) is rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft.

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