Multi-gear speed reduction differential system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a multi-gear speed reduction differential system and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of vehicles, the multi-gear speed reduction differential system comprises a driving motor, a secondary planet row, a secondary speed reduction gear set, a right output shaft and a left output shaft; the second-stage planet row comprises a first planet row, a second planet row and a common planet carrier; the first sun gear and the second sun gear are respectively combined with or disconnected from the driving motor through a combining device; the second-stage reduction gear set comprises a first gear set fixedly connected with the first gear ring and a second gear set fixedly connected with the second gear ring, and the first gear set and the second gear set are coaxially fixed to the left output shaft. The speed reducer is compact in structure, small in size and light in weight, has two gear working conditions, can realize speed reduction and differential functions, has a half shaft disconnecting function, and avoids energy loss caused by reverse rotation of a rear axle output shaft dragging motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of vehicles, and particularly relates to a multi-speed reduction differential system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] At present, the drive axle of a vehicle generally adopts a straight-tooth bevel gear open differential, which is usually used in combination with a reducer. The multi-stage gears cause the radial dimension of the drive axle to be relatively large. This differential cannot meet the requirements of various working conditions. For example, when one wheel encounters low adhesion, it cannot well achieve torque distribution to enable the vehicle to get out of trouble, and a new half-axle disconnect mechanism is required to achieve the disconnect function, which is not convenient for design and manufacturing. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] An embodiment of the utility model provides a multi-speed reduction differential system and a vehicle, aiming at the problems that the currently adopted reduction differential causes the radial dimension of the drive axle to be relatively large, occupies a large space, is not conducive to the overall vehicle layout, and cannot meet the requirements of various working conditions.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: to provide a multi-speed reduction differential system, including: a drive motor, a two-stage planetary gear set, a two-stage reduction gear set, a right output shaft, and a left output shaft;

[0005] The two-stage planetary gear set includes a first planetary gear set, a second planetary gear set, and a common planetary carrier; the first planetary gear set includes a first sun gear, a first planetary gear, and a first ring gear that are sequentially engaged, and the first sun gear is sleeved on the right output shaft; the second planetary gear set includes a second sun gear, a second planetary gear, and a second ring gear that are sequentially engaged, and the second sun gear is sleeved on the right output shaft; the first sun gear and the second sun gear are respectively combined with or disconnected from the drive motor through a combining device; the first planetary gear and the second planetary gear are supported on the common planetary carrier; the first ring gear is coaxially sleeved outside the second ring gear;

[0006] The two-stage reduction gear set includes a first gear set fixedly connected to the first ring gear and a second gear set fixedly connected to the second ring gear, and the first gear set and the second gear set are coaxially fixed on the left output shaft; the power of the drive motor is transmitted to the right output shaft and the left output shaft through the two-stage planetary gear set and the two-stage reduction gear set.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in a feasible manner, the first gear set includes a first driving wheel and a first driven wheel that are engaged with each other, the first driving wheel is fixed to the first ring gear, and the first driven wheel is coaxially fixed to the left output shaft.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, the number of teeth of the first driving wheel is greater than the number of teeth of the first driven wheel.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, the second gear set includes a second driving wheel and a second driven wheel that mesh with each other. The second driving wheel is fixed on the second toothed ring, and the second driven wheel is coaxially fixed on the left output shaft.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, the number of teeth of the second driving wheel is less than the number of teeth of the second driven wheel.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, the number of teeth of the first planet gear is less than the number of teeth of the second planet gear, and the number of teeth of the first toothed ring is less than the number of teeth of the second toothed ring; the first sun gear is coaxially sleeved outside the second sun gear.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, the right output shaft is connected to the right half shaft through a first connecting device.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, the left output shaft is connected to the left half shaft through a second connecting device.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in an implementable manner, both the first connecting device and the second connecting device are universal couplings.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the multi-speed reduction differential system provided by the present utility model has the beneficial effects that: through the cooperation of the two-stage planetary gear set and the two-stage reduction gear set, the functions of multi-speed reduction, differential and switching can be realized; two planetary gears in the planetary gear set are coaxially arranged on a common planetary carrier, and the two toothed rings corresponding to the two planetary gears are coaxially nested; this layout of the planetary gear set has a compact structure, can save the occupied space, and is conducive to the layout in the whole vehicle; at the same time, in cooperation with the two-stage reduction gear set arranged coaxially, the torque distribution can be well realized, and the requirements of various working conditions of large torque and low torque can be met; when the engaging device is not engaged with any gear set, there is a working condition of half shaft disconnection, which can disconnect the power transmission of the rear axle, avoid the energy loss caused by the reverse rotation of the motor dragged by the rear axle output shaft, and reduce the drag loss.

[0016] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present utility model further provides a vehicle, including the multi-speed reduction differential system.

[0017] An embodiment of the present utility model further provides a vehicle, which realizes the intensification and miniaturization of the mechanism on the basis of realizing the functions of multi-speed reduction, differential and switching, saves the space occupied in the whole vehicle, is conducive to the layout in the whole vehicle, and meets the requirements of various working conditions. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the multi-speed reduction differential system provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0020] 1. Right half shaft; 2. First connecting device; 3. Right output shaft; 4. Driving motor; 5. Engaging device; 6. Second planetary gear set; 61. First sun gear; 62. First planetary gear; 63. First ring gear; 64. Second sun gear; 65. Second planetary gear; 66. Second ring gear; 67. Common planetary carrier; 7. First gear set; 71. First driving wheel; 72. First driven wheel; 8. Left output shaft; 9. Second gear set; 91. Second driving wheel; 92. Second driven wheel; 10. Second connecting device; 11. Left half shaft. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0022] In this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual quantity, primary-secondary or sequential relationship between these entities or operations.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 1, a multi-speed reduction differential system provided by the present utility model will now be described. The multi-speed reduction differential system includes: a drive motor 4, a secondary planetary gear set 6, a secondary reduction gear set, a right output shaft 3, and a left output shaft 8; the secondary planetary gear set 6 includes a first planetary gear set, a second planetary gear set, and a common planetary carrier 67; the first planetary gear set includes a first sun gear 61, a first planetary gear 62, and a first ring gear 63 that are sequentially engaged, and the first sun gear 61 is sleeved on the right output shaft 3; the second planetary gear set includes a second sun gear 64, a second planetary gear 65, and a second ring gear 66 that are sequentially engaged, and the second sun gear 64 is sleeved on the right output shaft 3; the first sun gear 61 and the second sun gear 64 are respectively combined with or disconnected from the drive motor 4 through a coupling device 5; the first planetary gear 62 and the second planetary gear 65 are supported on the common planetary carrier 67; the first ring gear 63 is coaxially sleeved outside the second ring gear 66; the secondary reduction gear set includes a first gear set 7 fixedly connected to the first ring gear 63 and a second gear set 9 fixedly connected to the second ring gear 66, and the first gear set 7 and the second gear set 9 are coaxially fixed to the left output shaft 8; the power of the drive motor 4 is transmitted to the right output shaft 3 and the left output shaft 8 through the secondary planetary gear set 6 and the secondary reduction gear set.

[0024] The multi-speed reduction differential system provided by the present utility model can realize multi-speed reduction, differential, and switching functions through the cooperation of the secondary planetary gear set 6 and the secondary reduction gear set; two planetary gears in the planetary gear set are coaxially arranged on a common planetary carrier 67, and the two ring gears corresponding to the two planetary gears are coaxially nested; this layout of the planetary gear set has a compact structure, few components, small volume, and light weight, which can effectively reduce the radial space, save the occupied space, and is beneficial to the layout in the whole vehicle; at the same time, in cooperation with the coaxially arranged secondary reduction gear set, torque distribution can be well realized to meet the requirements of various working conditions of large torque and low torque.

[0025] After the coupling device 5 is selected to be combined with the first sun gear 61 of the first planetary gear set or the second sun gear 64 of the second planetary gear set, it can be transmitted to the left output shaft 8 through the first gear set 7 connected to the first ring gear 63 of the first planetary gear set or the second gear set 9 connected to the second ring gear 66 of the second planetary gear set to realize 2nd gear adjustment; and regardless of whether the coupling device 5 is combined with the first planetary gear set or the second planetary gear set, it can drive the common planetary carrier 67 to rotate, so as to transmit the power of the drive motor 4 to the right output shaft 3 through the common planetary carrier 67; when the coupling device 5 is not engaged with any planetary gear set, that is, when the coupling device 5 is disconnected from both planetary gear sets, the power of the drive motor 4 is disconnected from the left wheel. At this time, when another drive axle (pure electric / hybrid) is paired and the other drive axle is driven alone, the power transmission of the rear axle can be disconnected to avoid energy loss caused by the reverse rotation of the motor dragged by the rear axle output shaft.

[0026] Specifically, the first sun gear 61 and the second sun gear 64 are coaxially arranged on the right output shaft 3, and the first sun gear 61 is sleeved outside the second sun gear 64. The rotor shaft of the drive motor 4 is a hollow shaft and is sleeved on the right output shaft 3. The coupling device 5 is fixed on the rotor shaft of the drive motor 4. The power of the drive motor 4 drives the sun gears of each planetary gear set, the common planetary carrier 67, the two planetary gears, and the two mating ring gears through the sun gears coupled by the coupling device 5. Therefore, the power of the drive motor 4 is divided into two paths after passing through each sun gear. One path transmits the power to the right output shaft 3 through the common planetary carrier 67 and then to the right half shaft 1 through the first connection device 2. One path transmits the power to the first gear set 7 or the second gear set 9 through the selected planetary gear set and then to the left half shaft 11 through the left output shaft 8 and the second connection device 10.

[0027] Optionally, the coupling device 5 can be driven by electromagnetic, hydraulic or other means without limitation, as long as it can move the coupling part left and right. The coupling device 5 can be a clutch or a synchronizer. When the right side of the coupling device 5 is coupled, part of the power of the drive motor 4 is transmitted to the common planetary carrier 67 through the first sun gear 61, and part of the power is transmitted to the left output shaft 8 through the first planetary gear 62, the first ring gear 63 and the first gear set 7 to achieve a first gear ratio driving. When the left side of the coupling device 5 is coupled, the path of the right output shaft 3 is the same as that in the first gear, and the transmission path of the left output shaft 8 is transmitted through the second planetary gear set and the second gear set 9 to achieve a second gear ratio driving. When the coupling device 5 is not coupled at all, it is disconnected from both planetary gear sets. When paired with another drive axle (pure electric / hybrid) and the other drive axle is driven alone, the power transmission of the rear axle can be disconnected to avoid energy loss caused by the reverse rotation of the motor dragged by the rear axle output shaft.

[0028] In some embodiments, the first gear set 7 includes a first driving wheel 71 and a first driven wheel 72 that mesh with each other. The first driving wheel 71 is fixed on the first ring gear 63, and the first driven wheel 72 is coaxially fixed on the left output shaft 8.

[0029] In some embodiments, the number of teeth z1 of the first driving wheel 71 is greater than the number of teeth z2 of the first driven wheel 72. At this time, the outer diameter of the first driving wheel 71 is greater than the outer diameter of the first driven wheel 72, and the transmission ratio of the first driving wheel 71 to the first driven wheel 72 is z2 / z1, with a transmission ratio less than 1. Cooperating with the first planetary gear 62 and the first ring gear 63, the left wheel can achieve a first gear ratio driving.

[0030] In some embodiments, the second gear set 9 includes a second driving wheel 91 and a second driven wheel 92 that mesh with each other. The second driving wheel 91 is fixed on the second ring gear 66, and the second driven wheel 92 is coaxially fixed on the left output shaft 8.

[0031] In some embodiments, the number of teeth z3 of the second driving wheel 91 is less than the number of teeth z4 of the second driven wheel 92. At this time, the transmission ratio between the second driving wheel 91 and the second driven wheel 92 is z4 / z3, and the transmission ratio is greater than 1. The outer diameter of the second driving wheel 91 is less than the outer diameter of the second driven wheel 92. In cooperation with the second planet gear 65 and the second ring gear 66, a second gear ratio driving can be achieved. Among them, the first gear set 7 is located on the right side of the second gear set 9, and the second gear set 9 is farther from the planetary gear set than the first gear set 7.

[0032] Based on the above embodiments, it can be known that the first driven wheel 72 and the second driven wheel 92 of the present application are coaxially fixed on the left output shaft 8. The two driving wheels are respectively fixed on the corresponding ring gears. This design structure is simple, with fewer components, a compact space layout, can achieve a large gear ratio output and has two adjustable gears, can achieve the purpose of reducing speed and increasing torque at low speed and reducing speed at high speed, and is particularly suitable for high-speed motors; when the coupling device 5 is disconnected from both planetary gear sets, it has a half-axle disconnection function, which can avoid energy loss.

[0033] In some embodiments, the number of teeth of the first planet gear 62 is less than the number of teeth of the second planet gear 65, and the number of teeth of the first ring gear 63 is less than the number of teeth of the second ring gear 66; the first sun gear 61 is coaxially sleeved outside the second sun gear 64. By different transmission ratios of the two planetary gear sets, a two-gear adjustable working mode is provided for the wheels. For example, Figure 1 as shown, the transmission ratio of the first planetary gear set is less than the transmission ratio of the second planetary gear set; of course, it is also possible that the transmission ratio of the first planetary gear set is greater than the transmission ratio of the second planetary gear set.

[0034] It should be noted that in the present application, according to the driving conditions of the left and right wheels, by adjusting the transmission ratios or the number of teeth of the various planetary gear sets and the various gear sets, a two-gear adjustable working mode of the vehicle can be achieved. The number of teeth selections provided in this article and the examples in the drawings are only limited embodiments listed, and do not limit the selection of the number of teeth of each gear in this article.

[0035] In some embodiments, the right output shaft 3 is connected to the right half-axle 1 through the first connecting device 2. At this time, the power of the driving motor 4 is transmitted to the right half-axle 1 through the common planetary carrier 67, the right output shaft 3, and the first connecting device 2.

[0036] In some embodiments, the left output shaft 8 is connected to the left half-axle 11 through the second connecting device 10. At this time, the power of the driving motor 4 is transmitted to the left half-axle 11 through the two-stage planetary gear set 6, the two-stage reduction gear set, the left output shaft 8, and the second connecting device 10.

[0037] In some embodiments, both the first connecting device 2 and the second connecting device 10 are universal couplings.

[0038] The multi-speed reduction differential system provided by the embodiments of the present application has three working modes, and the working principle is as follows:

[0039] First-gear driving working mode: The right side of the engaging device is engaged.

[0040] The power path of the right wheel is as follows: The power of the driving motor 4 can be output to the common planet carrier 67 through the first sun gear 61 of the first planetary gear set, driving the right output shaft 3 to rotate, and then driving the right half shaft 1 to drive the right wheel to travel.

[0041] The power path of the left wheel is as follows: The power of the driving motor 4 is output to the left output shaft 8 through the first sun gear 61, the first planetary gear 62, the first ring gear 63, and the first driving wheel 71 and the first driven wheel 72 of the first gear set 7, and then drives the left half shaft 11 to rotate to drive the left wheel to travel, and the first-gear speed ratio of the left wheel can be realized.

[0042] Second-gear driving working mode: The left side of the engaging device is engaged.

[0043] The power path of the right wheel is the same as the power transmission path in the first gear; the power path of the left wheel is as follows: The power of the driving motor 4 is output to the left output shaft 8 through the second sun gear 64, the second planetary gear 65, the second ring gear 66, and the second driving wheel 91 and the second driven wheel 92 of the second gear set 9, and then drives the left half shaft 11 to rotate to drive the left wheel to travel, and the second-gear speed ratio of the left wheel can be realized.

[0044] Half-shaft disconnecting working mode: The engaging device is disconnected and not combined with both planetary gear sets. At this time, the power of the driving motor 4 is disconnected from the left and right wheels; when another driving axle (pure electric / hybrid) is matched and the other driving axle drives alone, the power transmission of the rear axle can be disconnected to avoid energy loss caused by the reverse rotation of the motor dragged by the rear axle output shaft.

[0045] Compared with the traditional differential, the multi-speed reduction differential system provided by the present application has a simple structure, a compact space layout, fewer components, a light weight, can realize a large speed ratio output and has two adjustable gears, can achieve the purpose of decelerating and increasing torque at low speeds and decelerating at high speeds, is particularly suitable for high-speed motors, and has a half-shaft disconnecting function to avoid energy loss.

[0046] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphases. For the parts not detailed or recorded in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0047] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application further provide a vehicle, including the multi-speed reduction differential system described above.

[0048] The embodiment of the present utility model further provides a vehicle, which realizes the intensification and miniaturization of the mechanism on the basis of realizing the multi-gear speed reduction and differential function and switching function, saves the space occupied in the whole vehicle, is beneficial to the layout of the architecture in the whole vehicle, and meets the requirements of various working conditions.

[0049] The foregoing are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-speed reduction differential system, characterized in that: include: A driving motor (4), a secondary planetary gear (6), a secondary reduction gear set, a right output shaft (3) and a left output shaft (8); The secondary planetary gear (6) comprises a first planetary gear, a second planetary gear and a common planetary carrier (67); the first planetary gear comprises a first sun gear (61), a first planetary gear (62) and a first ring gear (63) which are meshed in sequence, and the first sun gear (61) is loosely mounted on the right output shaft (3); the second planetary gear comprises a second sun gear (64), a second planetary gear (65) and a second ring gear (66) which are meshed in sequence, and the second sun gear (64) is loosely mounted on the right output shaft (3); the first sun gear (61) and the second sun gear (64) are respectively coupled to or disconnected from the drive motor (4) through a coupling device (5); the first planetary gear (62) and the second planetary gear (65) are supported on the common planetary carrier (67); the first ring gear (63) is coaxially mounted on the outer side of the second ring gear (66); The secondary reduction gear set comprises a first gear set (7) fixedly connected to the first gear ring (63) and a second gear set (9) fixedly connected to the second gear ring (66); the first gear set (7) and the second gear set (9) are coaxially fixed on the left output shaft (8); the power of the drive motor (4) is transmitted to the right output shaft (3) and the left output shaft (8) via the secondary planetary gear set (6) and the secondary reduction gear set.

2. The multi-speed reduction differential system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first gear set (7) comprises a first driving wheel (71) and a first driven wheel (72) meshing with each other, the first driving wheel (71) being fixed on the first gear ring (63), and the first driven wheel (72) being coaxially fixed on the left output shaft (8).

3. The multi-speed reduction differential system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of teeth on the first driving wheel (71) is greater than the number of teeth on the first driven wheel (72).

4. The multi-speed reduction differential system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second gear set (9) comprises a second driving wheel (91) and a second driven wheel (92) meshing with each other, the second driving wheel (91) being fixed on the second gear ring (66), and the second driven wheel (92) being coaxially fixed on the left output shaft (8).

5. The multi-speed reduction differential system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of teeth of the second driving wheel (91) is smaller than the number of teeth of the second driven wheel (92).

6. The multi-speed reduction differential system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of teeth of the first planetary gear (62) is smaller than the number of teeth of the second planetary gear (65), and the number of teeth of the first ring gear (63) is smaller than the number of teeth of the second ring gear (66); the first sun gear (61) is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the second sun gear (64).

7. The multi-speed reduction differential system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right output shaft (3) is connected to the right half shaft (1) via a first connecting device (2).

8. The multi-speed reduction differential system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The left output shaft (8) is connected to the left half shaft (11) via a second connecting device (10).

9. The multi-speed reduction differential system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first connecting device (2) and the second connecting device (10) are both universal couplings.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a multi-speed reduction differential system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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