Waterfront area non-point source pollution control system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of waterfront area non-point source pollution treatment, in particular to a waterfront area non-point source pollution control system. The system comprises a vegetation buffer zone arranged at a land area in a waterfront area, and a first ditch, a biological pond and a wetland which are arranged between the waterfront area and a natural water area, the vegetation buffer zone is obliquely arranged downwards in the direction close to the first ditch; one side of the channel body of the first channel is connected with the edge of the waterfront area; the biological pond is arranged at the water outlet of the first ditch; the wetland is arranged at the water outlet of the biological pond; the water outlet of the wetland is arranged in a natural water area; and the biological pond and the wetland are connected with the other side of the channel body of the first channel. The technical problem that the ecological environment of the waterfront area is continuously damaged by non-point source pollution due to lack of a technical scheme for preventing and treating non-point source pollution in the waterfront area in the prior art can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of water area non-point source pollution control, and particularly to a water area non-point source pollution prevention and control system. Background Art

[0002] Non-point source pollution, also known as non-point source pollution, enters the water, soil or atmospheric environment through surface runoff, soil erosion, farmland drainage, etc. The non-point source pollution in the water area mainly comes from the runoff of nearby farmland, urban roads and industrial areas, including pollutants such as pesticides, fertilizers, waste water and solid waste.

[0003] First, the above pollutants will enter the wetland water body through runoff, causing poisoning and ecological imbalance to the aquatic organisms in the water area of the water area; secondly, non-point source pollution will damage the water quality of the water area in the water area, and the pollutants in the water body will have a direct or indirect impact on the water quality through wetland adsorption, sedimentation and biodegradation, etc.; in addition, non-point source pollution will also damage the landscape value and ecological service function of the waterfront ecological wetland. As a natural landscape and ecosystem, the waterfront ecological wetland has important ecological service functions, such as water resource protection, water quality purification, flood prevention, etc.

[0004] Although the non-point source pollution in the water area will have an adverse impact on the water area, there is a lack of technical solutions for preventing and controlling the non-point source pollution in the water area in the existing technology, resulting in the continuous destruction of the ecological environment of the water area by non-point source pollution. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a water area non-point source pollution prevention and control system to solve the technical problem that in the existing technology, due to the lack of technical solutions for preventing and controlling the non-point source pollution in the water area, the ecological environment of the water area is continuously damaged by non-point source pollution.

[0006] This application provides a water area non-point source pollution prevention and control system, which includes: a vegetation buffer zone arranged on the land area in the water area, and a first ditch, a biological pond and a wetland arranged between the water area and the natural water area;

[0007] The vegetation buffer zone is arranged to slope downwards along the direction close to the first ditch;

[0008] One side of the body of the first ditch is connected to the edge of the water area;

[0009] The biological pond is arranged at the water outlet of the first ditch; the wetland is arranged at the water outlet of the biological pond; the water outlet of the wetland is arranged in the natural water area; the biological pond and the wetland are connected to the other side of the body of the first ditch.

[0010] Preferably, the vegetation buffer zone includes: a second ditch; the body of the second ditch is a concrete structure with a permeation function;

[0011] The second ditch is arranged in the top-side area of the vegetation buffer zone and is close to the urban area;

[0012] The angular difference between the extension trend line of the body of the second ditch and the extension trend line of the body of the first ditch is less than a first threshold value;

[0013] Wherein, the extension trend line is determined by linear fitting according to the curve where the body of the ditch is located.

[0014] Preferably, the vegetation buffer zone further includes: a vegetation slope zone; the vegetation slope zone is arranged obliquely;

[0015] The vegetation slope zone includes: a plurality of vegetation planting areas distributed in sequence along the inclined direction, and turf ditches arranged between adjacent two vegetation planting areas;

[0016] The angular difference between the extension trend line of the body of the turf ditch and the extension trend line of the body of the second ditch is less than a second threshold value.

[0017] Preferably, the turf ditch is filled with a plain soil layer, a vegetation planting soil layer and a planting layer in sequence from bottom to top;

[0018] The horizontal spacing between any adjacent two of the turf ditches is equal.

[0019] Preferably, the width of the body of the turf ditch is 250 mm to 300 mm; the depth of the body of the turf ditch is 100 mm to 150 mm.

[0020] Preferably, the vegetation buffer zone further includes: a permeable reaction wall vertically arranged under the ground surface of the vegetation slope zone; the angular difference between the wall surface of the permeable reaction wall and the extension trend line of the body of the second ditch is less than a third threshold value.

[0021] Preferably, the vegetation buffer zone further includes: a flood control dike; the flood control dike is arranged between the second ditch and the vegetation slope zone;

[0022] The flood control dike includes: wall blocks and a plurality of support columns arranged at the bottom side of the wall blocks.

[0023] Preferably, the shape of the body of the first ditch is an inverted trapezoid with an open top; the body of the first ditch includes: an anti-seepage layer, a reinforced concrete layer, a coarse gravel layer, a fine gravel layer, a biological activated carbon layer and a vegetation layer;

[0024] The anti-seepage layer is used to form the bottom of the body of the first ditch;

[0025] The reinforced concrete layer, the coarse gravel layer, the fine gravel layer, the biological activated carbon layer and the vegetation layer are used to form the side part of the channel body of the first ditch;

[0026] Wherein, the reinforced concrete layer, the coarse gravel layer, the fine gravel layer, the biological activated carbon layer and the vegetation layer are sequentially laid along the direction of continuously approaching the other side part.

[0027] Preferably, the biological pond includes: an aerobic zone, a facultative zone and an anaerobic zone arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

[0028] Preferably, the average water depth of the wetland is 1.2 m to 1.5 m.

[0029] Beneficial effects:

[0030] The present application provides a system for preventing and controlling non-point source pollution in the waterfront area. The system includes: a vegetation buffer zone arranged on the land area in the waterfront area, and a first ditch, a biological pond and a wetland arranged between the waterfront area and the natural water area; the vegetation buffer zone is arranged to slope downwards along the direction close to the first ditch; one side of the channel body of the first ditch is connected to the edge of the waterfront area; the biological pond is arranged at the water outlet of the first ditch; the wetland is arranged at the water outlet of the biological pond; the water outlet of the wetland is arranged at the natural water area; the biological pond and the wetland are connected to the other side of the channel body of the first ditch;

[0031] In summary, first of all, the rainwater contaminated by non-point source pollution and carrying sediment from the urban area passes through the vegetation buffer zone, the first ditch, the biological pond and the wetland for filtration and purification in sequence, and strongly filters the suspended particles, suspended solids, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus and other substances carried by the rainwater contaminated by non-point source pollution, and finally obtains the water flow that can enter the natural water area; secondly, arranging the vegetation buffer zone to slope helps to improve the flow of rainwater to the first ditch and prevent the rainwater from evaporating completely in the vegetation buffer zone before it has time to flow to the first ditch; in addition, arranging the side of the channel body of the first ditch to be connected to both the biological pond and the wetland can effectively increase the length of the channel body of the first ditch, improve the utilization rate of the area between the waterfront area and the natural water area, enable the water flow entering the first ditch to be fully purified and filtered, and finally improve the purification quality. Description of the drawings

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present application. The following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, so they should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0033] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the waterfront non-point source pollution prevention and control system provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 Longitudinal sectional view of the vegetation buffer zone provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 Longitudinal sectional view of the grassed swale provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0036] Figure 4 Longitudinal sectional view of the body of the first ditch provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0037] Figure 5 Longitudinal sectional view of the biopond provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0038] Reference numerals: 100 - vegetation buffer zone; 110 - second ditch; 120 - vegetation slope zone; 121 - vegetation planting area; 122 - grassed swale; 130 - permeable reactive barrier; 140 - flood control dike;

[0039] 200 - first ditch; 210 - impermeable layer; 220 - reinforced concrete layer; 230 - coarse gravel layer; 240 - fine gravel layer; 250 - biological activated carbon layer;

[0040] 300 - biopond; 310 - aerobic zone; 320 - facultative zone; 330 - anaerobic zone; 400 - wetland. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0042] Non-point source pollution, also known as non-point pollution, enters the water, soil or atmospheric environment through surface runoff, soil erosion, farmland drainage, etc. The non-point source pollution in the waterfront area mainly comes from the runoff of nearby farmland, urban roads and industrial areas, and contains pollutants such as pesticides, fertilizers, wastewater and solid waste.

[0043] First, the above pollutants will enter the wetland water body through runoff, poisoning the aquatic organisms in the water area of the waterfront and causing ecological imbalance; second, non-point source pollution will damage the water quality of the water area in the waterfront. The pollutants in the water body will have a direct or indirect impact on the water quality through the effects of wetland adsorption, sedimentation, and biodegradation; in addition, non-point source pollution will also damage the landscape value and ecological service functions of the waterfront ecological wetland. As a natural landscape and ecosystem, the waterfront ecological wetland has important ecological service functions, such as water resource protection, water quality purification, flood prevention, etc.

[0044] Although the non-point source pollution in the waterfront area will have an adverse impact on the waterfront area, there is a lack of technical solutions for preventing and controlling non-point source pollution in the waterfront area in the existing technology, resulting in the continuous destruction of the ecological environment of the waterfront area by non-point source pollution.

[0045] To solve the above technical problems, the present application proposes a non-point source pollution prevention and control system for the waterfront area, as Figure 1 shown. Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the non-point source pollution prevention and control system provided by an embodiment of the present application. The system includes: a vegetation buffer zone 100, a first ditch 200, a biopond 300, and a wetland 400. Among them, the vegetation buffer zone 100, the first ditch 200, the biopond 300, and the wetland 400 are all constructed in the waterfront area and its vicinity, and the construction period required for construction is determined according to the scale of construction.

[0046] The vegetation buffer zone 100 is arranged on the land area in the waterfront area; the positions of the first ditch 200, the biopond 300, and the wetland 400 are located between the waterfront area and the natural water area. The vegetation buffer zone 100 is arranged to slope downwards along the direction close to the first ditch 200.

[0047] Specifically, the waterfront area can be the waterfront area of natural sea areas such as rivers, lakes, and seas.

[0048] As Figure 1 shown, the non-point source pollution flow direction is urban area → land area in the waterfront area (vegetation buffer zone 100) → first ditch 200. The vegetation buffer zone 100 is used for the first step of non-point source pollution prevention and control. It should be emphasized that Figure 1 the top view shape of the vegetation buffer zone 100 in is only shown exemplarily, and it does not represent the actual setting shape of the vegetation buffer zone 100. The actual setting shape of the vegetation buffer zone 100 can be set according to actual needs, and the present application does not make specific limitations on this.

[0049] In one implementation, as Figure 2 shown. Figure 2It is a longitudinal sectional view of the vegetation buffer zone provided by the embodiment of the present application. The vegetation buffer zone 100 includes: a second ditch 110, a vegetation slope zone 120, a permeable reaction wall 130, and a flood control dike 140. The second ditch 110 is arranged in the top-side area of the vegetation buffer zone 100 and close to the urban area. The vegetation slope zone 120 is laid from top to bottom along the inclined direction of the vegetation buffer zone 100. The permeable reaction wall 130 is vertically arranged under the ground surface of the vegetation slope zone 120. The flood control dike 140 is arranged between the second ditch 110 and the vegetation slope zone 120.

[0050] The channel body of the second ditch 110 is a concrete structure with a permeable function; in practical applications, the rainwater polluted by non-point source pollution in the urban area enters the second ditch 110 with sediment. The second ditch 110 settles the mud, sand, dead branches and other sundries in the rainwater. The first part of the settled rainwater overflows from the second ditch 110 and flows through the vegetation slope zone 120 in the form of surface water, and finally flows into the first ditch 200. The second part of the settled rainwater infiltrates into the ground to become groundwater and also finally flows into the first ditch 200.

[0051] The vegetation slope zone 120 includes: a vegetation planting area 121 and a sod ditch 122. Among them, multiple vegetation planting areas 121 are distributed in sequence along the inclined direction, and the sod ditch 122 is arranged between two adjacent vegetation planting areas 121.

[0052] Specifically, the first part of the rainwater overflowing from the second ditch 110 flows through multiple vegetation planting areas 121 and multiple sod ditches 122 in sequence, physically blocking the suspended particles, suspended solids, etc. carried by the rainwater. Among them, part of ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus, etc. are all reduced in the sod ditch 122.

[0053] In one implementation manner, the sod ditch 122 is filled with a plain soil layer, a vegetation planting soil layer, and a planting layer in sequence from bottom to top.

[0054] Specifically, a microbial community is put into the vegetation planting soil layer in the sod ditch 122, and sods with strong adsorption capacity for nitrogen and phosphorus, such as Vallisneria natans, Acorus calamus, Eichhornia crassipes, Oenanthe javanica, or Gypsophila paniculata, etc., are planted in the planting layer of the sod ditch 122.

[0055] In one implementation manner, the slope ratio of the planting layer in the sod ditch 122 is 1:3; the horizontal distance between any two adjacent sod ditches 122 is equal, that is, the sod ditches 122 are arranged at equal intervals; as Figure 3 shown, Figure 3 It is a longitudinal sectional view of the sod ditch provided by the embodiment of the present application. The width of the channel body of the sod ditch 122 is 250 mm to 300 mm; the depth of the channel body of the sod ditch 122 is 100 mm to 150 mm.

[0056] The interior of the wall of the permeable reactive barrier 130 is mainly composed of substances with strong adsorption capacity for nitrogen and phosphorus, such as limestone, activated carbon, and diatomaceous earth.

[0057] Specifically, the second part of the rainwater sedimented via the second ditch 110 infiltrates into the ground to become groundwater. The groundwater flows towards the permeable reactive barrier 130 and continues to infiltrate after being adsorbed, filtered, and purified by the permeable reactive barrier 130.

[0058] The flood control dike 140 includes: wall blocks and a plurality of support columns arranged at the bottom side of the wall blocks.

[0059] Specifically, the wall blocks in the flood control dike 140 are constructed by grouting stones. The plurality of support columns in the flood control dike 140 jointly support the wall blocks in the flood control dike 140 in a dispersed manner. The wall blocks in the flood control dike 140 are used to block urban debris from falling onto the vegetation slope zone 120 to prevent the urban debris from damaging the vegetation slope zone 120, and are also used to divert flood for the rainwater flowing down to the vegetation slope zone 120 to prevent the rainwater from flooding the vegetation slope zone 120. Among them, the gaps between the plurality of support columns in the flood control dike 140 can be used as water channels for rainwater.

[0060] In one implementation, the angular difference between the extension trend line of the channel body of the second ditch 110 and the extension trend line of the channel body of the first ditch 200 is less than the first threshold; the angular difference between the extension trend line of the channel body of the sod ditch 122 and the extension trend line of the channel body of the second ditch 110 is less than the second threshold; the angular difference between the wall surface of the permeable reactive barrier 130 and the extension trend line of the channel body of the second ditch 110 is less than the third threshold. Among them, the extension trend line is determined by linear fitting based on the curve where the channel body or the ditch body is located.

[0061] Specifically, in order to ensure as much as possible that the rainwater polluted by non-point source pollution in all urban areas can be filtered and purified by the second ditch 110, the sod ditch 122, the permeable reactive barrier 130, and the first ditch 200 in sequence, considering the construction cost, the second ditch 110, the sod ditch 122, the permeable reactive barrier 130, and the first ditch 200 should be parallel to each other; in actual implementation, due to the limitations of the actual terrain, etc., the second ditch 110, the sod ditch 122, the permeable reactive barrier 130, and the first ditch 200 usually do not have a strictly parallel positional relationship with each other. Therefore, it is only necessary to ensure that the four extension trend lines where the second ditch 110, the sod ditch 122, the permeable reactive barrier 130, and the first ditch 200 are located are as parallel as possible.

[0062] The purpose of setting the first threshold, the second threshold, and the third threshold is to ensure that the angles between the second ditch 110, the turf ditch 122, the permeable reactive wall 130, and the first ditch 200 are relatively small, approximating a parallel positional relationship among the second ditch 110, the turf ditch 122, the permeable reactive wall 130, and the first ditch 200. Among them, the actual values of the first threshold, the second threshold, and the third threshold can be determined according to actual needs, and the present application does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0063] In one implementation, the system further includes: a road railing.

[0064] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the road railing is arranged on the other side of the second ditch 110 away from the vegetation slope zone 120; the road railing also helps to intercept urban debris and prevent the urban debris from damaging the vegetation slope zone 120.

[0065] One side of the channel body of the first ditch 200 is connected to the edge of the waterfront area.

[0066] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the non-point source pollution flow direction is urban area → land area (vegetation buffer zone 100) in the waterfront area → the first ditch 200. One side of the channel body of the first ditch 200 along the extension direction is connected to the edge of the waterfront area, and is used to receive the surface water filtered and purified by the vegetation slope zone 120 and the groundwater filtered and purified by the permeable reactive wall 130 and converge the surface water and the groundwater to form a water flow. Among them, the physical and biological synergistic effect of the biological filler on the slope of the first ditch 200 performs denitrification and phosphorus removal on the converged water flow.

[0067] In one implementation, as Figure 4 shown, Figure 4 is the longitudinal sectional view of the channel body of the first ditch provided by the embodiment of the present application. The shape of the channel body of the first ditch 200 is an inverted trapezoid with an open top; the channel body of the first ditch 200 includes: an anti-seepage layer 210, a reinforced concrete layer 220, a coarse gravel layer 230, a fine gravel layer 240, a biological activated carbon layer 250, and a vegetation layer.

[0068] The anti-seepage layer 210 is used to form the bottom of the channel body of the first ditch 200; the anti-seepage layer 210, the reinforced concrete layer 220, the coarse gravel layer 230, the fine gravel layer 240, the biological activated carbon layer 250, and the vegetation layer are used to form the side part of the channel body of the first ditch 200. Among them, the anti-seepage layer 210, the reinforced concrete layer 220, the coarse gravel layer 230, the fine gravel layer 240, the biological activated carbon layer 250, and the vegetation layer are sequentially laid in the direction of continuously approaching the other side part.

[0069] Specifically, the vegetation layer is laid on the surface of the biological activated carbon layer 250 (Figure 4 not shown); in the example of the present application, the two side portions in the first ditch 200 are symmetrically arranged.

[0070] The biological pond 300 is arranged at the water outlet of the first ditch 200; the wetland 400 is arranged at the water outlet of the biological pond 300; the water outlet of the wetland 400 is arranged at the natural water area; the biological pond 300 and the wetland 400 are connected to the other side of the body of the first ditch 200.

[0071] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the surface water filtered and purified by the vegetation slope belt 120 and the groundwater filtered and purified by the permeable reactive wall 130 converge into a water flow in the first ditch 200. The first part of the water flow flows through the biological pond 300 and finally flows to the wetland 400, and the second part of the water flow directly penetrates into the biological pond 300.

[0072] Both the biological pond 300 and the wetland 400 are used for further filtering and purifying the water flow.

[0073] In one implementation, as Figure 5 shown, Figure 5 is the longitudinal sectional view of the biological pond provided by the embodiment of the present application. The biological pond 300 includes: an aerobic zone 310, a facultative zone 320, and an anaerobic zone 330 arranged in sequence from top to bottom. When the water flow flows into the biological pond 300, the water flow is further purified to reduce the COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) of the water flow.

[0074] In one implementation, the average water depth of the wetland 400 is 1.2 m to 1.5 m;

[0075] The hydraulic retention time of the wetland 400 is 1 day to 3 days;

[0076] The surface hydraulic load of the wetland 400 is 0.2 m 3 / (m 2 ·day) to 0.8 m 3 / (m 2 ·day).

[0077] In this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0078] The above description is only for the embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A waterfront area non-point source pollution prevention and control system, characterized in that: The system includes: a vegetation buffer zone arranged in the land area of ​​the waterfront area, and a first ditch, a biological pond and a wetland arranged between the waterfront area and the natural water area; The vegetation buffer zone is arranged to be tilted downward in a direction close to the first ditch; One side of the first ditch is connected to the edge of the waterfront area; The biological pond is arranged at the outlet of the first ditch; the wetland is arranged at the outlet of the biological pond; the outlet of the wetland is arranged in the natural water area; the biological pond and the wetland are connected to the other side of the channel body of the first ditch.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The vegetation buffer zone includes: a second ditch; the body of the second ditch is a concrete structure with a permeability function; The second ditch is arranged in the top area of ​​the vegetation buffer zone and is close to the urban area; The angle difference between the extension trend line of the channel body of the second channel and the extension trend line of the channel body of the first channel is less than a first threshold; The extended trend line is determined by linear fitting based on the curve where the channel body is located.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The vegetation buffer zone also includes: a vegetation slope zone; the vegetation slope zone is arranged in an inclined manner; The vegetation slope belt includes: a plurality of vegetation planting areas sequentially distributed along the inclined direction, and a turf ditch arranged between two adjacent vegetation planting areas; The angle difference between the extension trend line of the turf ditch body and the extension trend line of the second ditch body is less than a second threshold value.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The turf trench is filled with a plain soil layer, a vegetation planting soil layer and a planting layer in order from bottom to top; The horizontal spacing between any two adjacent turf grooves is equal.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that The width of the turf ditch is 250 mm to 300 mm; the depth of the turf ditch is 100 mm to 150 mm.

6. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The vegetation buffer zone also includes: an infiltration reaction wall vertically arranged under the surface of the vegetation slope zone; the angle difference between the wall surface of the infiltration reaction wall and the extension trend line of the channel body of the second ditch is less than a third threshold value.

7. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The vegetation buffer zone further comprises: a flood embankment; the flood embankment is arranged between the second ditch and the vegetation slope zone; The flood embankment includes: a wall block and a plurality of support columns arranged on the bottom side of the wall block.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The shape of the channel body of the first ditch is an inverted trapezoid with an open top; the channel body of the first ditch includes: an anti-seepage layer, a reinforced concrete layer, a coarse gravel layer, a fine gravel layer, a biological activated carbon layer and a vegetation layer; The anti-permeability layer is used to form the bottom of the first ditch; The reinforced concrete layer, the coarse gravel layer, the fine gravel layer, the biological activated carbon layer and the vegetation layer are used to form the side edge portion of the channel body of the first ditch; The reinforced concrete layer, the coarse gravel layer, the fine gravel layer, the biological activated carbon layer and the vegetation layer are laid in sequence in a direction approaching the other side edge portion.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The biological pond comprises: an aerobic zone, a facultative zone and an anaerobic zone which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

10. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The average water depth of the wetland is 1.2m to 1.5m.

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