Electromagnetic perforation device for horizontal well completion of oil field

Abstract

The utility model provides an electromagnetic perforating device for horizontal well completion of an oil field, which comprises an electromagnetic transmitting device connected with a sleeve, the sleeve comprises a section E, a section F and a section M which are sequentially connected, and the section E is a horizontal section; the F section is a vertical section; m sections are horizontal sections; the exteriors of the E section, the F section and the M section are respectively provided with an accelerating coil; a perforation unit is further arranged on the M section; the perforation unit is positioned behind the acceleration coil; the perforation unit comprises an arc-shaped emission plate, and the emission plate is located in the M section and protrudes in the radial direction of the M section to form an emission cavity with the inner side face of the M section; a spring is arranged in the launching cavity, and the spring is connected with a perforation bullet in an abutting mode; and a launching hole is formed in the M section corresponding to the perforating bullet. According to the equipment, the perforation quality and the production efficiency are greatly improved, the whole-course gunpowder-free high-energy-rate fracturing process is completed, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly mining concept is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of completion devices used in oil fields, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic perforating device for horizontal well completion in oil fields. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the booming exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas resources such as shale gas, tight gas, and coalbed methane, horizontal well drilling and completion technology and hydraulic fracturing technology have together become effective means and sharp tools for developing these unconventional energy sources. It can be said that hydraulic fracturing technology is an important technical guarantee for the stable and increased production of oil and gas resources.

[0003] Hydraulic fracturing activities can cause groundwater pollution. During the fracturing process, fracturing fluid containing a large amount of chemical additives is injected underground, and high pressure is built up to fracture the formation. Therefore, the fracturing fluid will pollute the underground water body. After the oil and gas reservoir rocks are fractured, oil and gas may also flow into the groundwater layer, causing pollution to the groundwater. At the same time, hydraulic fracturing activities may also trigger seismic activities.

[0004] The emergence of electromagnetic shock wave technology is a milestone in the development history of non-contact damage. Currently, electromagnetic shock wave technology has matured. Electromagnetic ejection technology uses the Ampere force generated by the electromagnetic field in the electromagnetic system to accelerate the metal projectile, so that it reaches the kinetic energy required to strike the target. Compared with the traditional gunpowder fracturing technology, the electromagnetic fracturing device can greatly increase the axial velocity and range of the projectile. At the same time, the axial kinetic energy can be converted into radial inertial force to achieve the fracturing of horizontal wells and complete the energy-saving and production-increasing of well completion. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the utility model provides an electromagnetic perforating device for horizontal well completion in oil fields. This device solves the pollution and blasting safety problems caused by gunpowder pressure. It uses an electromagnetic launching device to accelerate the excitation projectile. During the high-speed operation process, the excitation projectile contacts the launching plate, and the launching plate transfers the kinetic energy of the excitation projectile to the spring. The spring launches the perforating projectile to achieve prefabricated cracks in the rock and bombards the prefabricated cracks to achieve the maximum range of damage to the rock and soil layer, improve the pollution and safety hazards generated by the fracturing process involving gunpowder, improve the fracturing quality, and promote the application of electromagnetic perforating technology in energy exploitation. This equipment greatly improves the perforating quality and production efficiency, completes the high-energy fracturing process without gunpowder throughout the process, and realizes the concept of energy-saving and environmental protection in exploitation.

[0006] On the basis of the existing technology, the utility model provides an electromagnetic perforating device for horizontal well completion in oil fields, including an electromagnetic launching device, an accelerating coil, and a perforating unit;

[0007] The electromagnetic emission device is connected with a casing, which includes an E section, an F section and an M section connected in sequence. The E section is a horizontal section, connected with the electromagnetic emission device and located above the ground; the F section is a vertical section, the end located above the ground is connected with the E section, and the end located below the ground is connected with the M section; the M section is a horizontal section and is located below the ground.

[0008] Accelerating coils are respectively arranged outside the E section, the F section and the M section.

[0009] A perforating unit is also arranged on the M section, and the area where the perforating unit acts is the fracturing zone.

[0010] The perforating unit is located behind the accelerating coil, that is, after the projectile is accelerated by the accelerating coil, it enters the fracturing zone to make the perforating unit act.

[0011] The perforating unit includes an arc-shaped launching plate. The launching plate is located inside the M section and protrudes radially along the M section to form a launching cavity with the inner side of the M section.

[0012] A spring is arranged in the launching cavity. One end of the spring contacts the launching plate, and the other end abuts against a perforating projectile. Launching holes are arranged on the M section corresponding to the perforating projectiles.

[0013] Preferably, an insulating sleeve is arranged outside the accelerating coil.

[0014] Preferably, a reflector is arranged at the contact position between the F section and the M section. The included angle between the reflector and the horizontal plane is 45-60°; through the arrangement of the reflector, it is ensured that the projectile can accurately enter the M section, reduce the impact of the projectile on the normal direction of the inner wall of the M section, and make the projectile continuously accelerate in the horizontal direction of the M section.

[0015] Preferably, when multiple rock and soil layers need to be fractured, multiple accelerating coils and perforating units are arranged on the M section; after the projectile passes through a fracturing zone, it is accelerated by the accelerating coil again and then enters the range of the perforating unit to make the next perforating unit act.

[0016] Preferably, there are four launching plates. The four launching plates respectively form launching cavities with the M section, and the launching cavities are distributed at 90° on the inner side of the M section; there is a bombardment group in each launching cavity. The bombardment group includes two perforating projectiles. The two perforating projectiles are arranged along the moving direction of the projectile, and each perforating projectile is correspondingly provided with a spring.

[0017] During use, the electromagnetic launching device fixed on the ground ejects the exciting projectile into section E of the casing. After being accelerated by the accelerating coil located inside the insulating sleeve, it enters section F, and is secondarily accelerated by the accelerating coil at the position of section F. The exciting projectile that has been accelerated multiple times performs a high-speed impact motion, impacts on the corner reflector at the intersection of section F and section M, and rushes into section M along the reflection angle. After being accelerated by the accelerating coil in section M, it contacts the launch plate, and the kinetic energy of the exciting projectile is converted into a radial inertial force and transmitted to the launch plate. The launch plate triggers the spring to eject the perforating projectile from the launch cavity, bombarding the fracturing area at high speed, thus realizing the energy-saving and production-increasing process during the fracturing process. During the working process, electromagnetic energy is converted into kinetic energy, and the kinetic energy is converted into a radial inertial force to launch the perforating projectile, realizing the pressure process of prefabricating cracks and bombarding the cracked rock in the fracturing area.

[0018] When the above electromagnetic perforating device is working, the electromagnetic launching device is turned on to eject the circular exciting projectile; the accelerating coil in section E increases the kinetic energy of the exciting projectile entering it, and the exciting projectile continues to move into the vertical section F;

[0019] The accelerating coil in section F secondarily accelerates the exciting projectile. After acceleration, the exciting projectile impacts on the corner reflector under the action of gravitational acceleration and enters section M of the completion horizontal;

[0020] The accelerating coil in section M continues to accelerate the exciting projectile. After acceleration, the exciting projectile impacts on the launch plate, and the kinetic energy is transmitted to the perforating projectile through the launch plate, realizing the radial launch of the perforating projectile;

[0021] According to the calculation based on the length of the casing gun barrel in the fracturing area and the incident velocity of the exciting projectile, the time for the exciting projectile to completely pass through the fracturing area does not exceed 2×10 -7 s, and the time difference between the launches of two perforating projectiles in the same bombardment group is no more than 10 -7 s. The first perforating projectile launched in the bombardment group prefabricates cracks in the rock of the rock and soil layer. After 10 -7 s, the second perforating projectile is launched to bombard the rock of the cracked rock and soil layer, realizing the maximum damage range of the rock and soil layer; after passing through the launch plate, the energy of the exciting projectile is reduced and the speed is decreased. After being accelerated again by the subsequent accelerating coil, the exciting projectile begins to enter the next fracturing area to complete the fracturing.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: by providing an acceleration coil, the excitation projectile can be accelerated to make it have a high-speed impact force; by providing a corner reflector, the movement trajectory of the excitation projectile can be accurately controlled to make it move horizontally at a high speed in a horizontal well, and cooperate with the perforation unit to convert the kinetic energy of the electromagnetic high-speed impact projectile into a radial inertial force, realizing a high-energy oilfield horizontal well fracturing process with no gunpowder, energy-saving, and pollution-free kinetic energy conversion into radial impact. By using the principle of electromagnetic high-speed impact and energy controllability, the purpose of maximizing damage and protecting the rock and soil layer structure is achieved, and there is no pollution to the groundwater resources. This device greatly improves the perforation quality and production efficiency, completes a high-energy rate fracturing process without gunpowder throughout the process, and realizes the concept of energy-saving and environmental protection mining. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is an enlarged view of part A.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic connection diagram of the perforation unit and section M.

[0027] In the figure, 1 - electromagnetic emission device, 2 - acceleration coil, 301 - emission plate, 302 - emission cavity, 303 - perforation projectile, 304 - spring, 401 - section E, 402 - section F, 403 - section M, 5 - reflector, 6 - excitation projectile, 7 - insulating sleeve, 8 - rock and soil layer, 9 - ground, 10 - casing gun barrel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present utility model, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] Combined with Figures 1 - 3 , the present invention provides an electromagnetic perforation device for oilfield horizontal well completion, including an electromagnetic emission device, an acceleration coil 2, and a perforation unit;

[0030] The electromagnetic emission device is connected with a sleeve, which includes an E section 401, an F section 402 and an M section 403 connected in sequence. The E section 401 is a horizontal section, which is connected with the electromagnetic emission device and located above the ground 9; the F section 402 is a vertical section, the end located above the ground 9 is connected with the E section 401, and the end located below the ground 9 is connected with the M section 403; the M section 403 is a horizontal section, located below the ground 9;

[0031] A reflector 5 is provided at the contact position between the F section 402 and the M section 403. In this embodiment, the angle between the reflector 5 and the horizontal plane is 60°; through the setting of the reflector 5, it is ensured that the exciting projectile 6 can accurately enter the M section 403, reduce the impact of the exciting projectile 6 on the normal direction of the inner wall of the M section 403, and make the exciting projectile 6 continuously accelerate in the horizontal direction of the M section 403;

[0032] Accelerating coils 2 are respectively provided outside the E section 401, the F section 402 and the M section 403; an insulating sleeve 7 is provided outside the accelerating coils 2;

[0033] A perforating unit is further provided on the M section 403, and the area where the perforating unit acts is the fracturing area;

[0034] The perforating unit is located behind the accelerating coil 2, that is, after the exciting projectile 6 is accelerated by the accelerating coil 2, it enters the fracturing area to make the perforating unit act;

[0035] The perforating unit includes an arc-shaped launching plate 301. The launching plate 301 is located inside the M section 403 and protrudes radially along the M section 403 to form a launching cavity 302 with the inner side surface of the M section 403; the area of the M section 403 where the launching plate 301 is located is the sleeve gun chamber 10;

[0036] In this embodiment of Figure 1 shows the fracturing of two rock and soil layers 8 (that is, there are two fracturing areas). Two accelerating coils 2 and one perforating unit are provided on the M section 403; each perforating unit corresponds to 1 fracturing area, that is Figure 1 the fracturing area one and the fracturing area two in ; after the exciting projectile 6 passes through one fracturing area, it is accelerated by the accelerating coil 2 again and then enters the range of the next fracturing area (fracturing area two) to make the perforating unit act;

[0037] A spring 304 is provided in the launching cavity 302. One end of the spring 304 is in contact with the launching plate 301, and the other end of the spring 304 abuts against a perforating projectile 303; a launching hole (not shown in the figure) is provided on the M section corresponding to the perforating projectile 303;

[0038] Specifically, in this embodiment, there are four emission plates 301. The four emission plates 301 respectively form an emission cavity 302 with the M section 403. The emission cavities 302 are distributed at 90° inside the M section 403. There is a bombardment group in each emission cavity 302. The bombardment group includes two perforating pellets 303. The two perforating pellets 303 are arranged along the moving direction of the exciting pellet 6, and a spring 304 is correspondingly arranged for each perforating pellet 303. This spring 304 is the reset spring for the emission plate.

[0039] During use, the electromagnetic emission device fixed on the ground 9 ejects the exciting pellet 6 into the E section of the casing. After being accelerated by the acceleration coil 2 located in the insulating sleeve 7, it enters the F section, and is secondarily accelerated by the acceleration coil 2 at the position of the F section. The exciting pellet 6 that has been accelerated multiple times performs a high-speed impact movement, impacts on the corner reflector 5 at the intersection of the F section and the M section, and rushes into the M section along the reflection angle. After being accelerated by the acceleration coil 2 of the M section, it enters the casing barrel 10 and contacts the emission plate 301, and converts the kinetic energy of the exciting pellet 6 into a radial inertial force, which is transmitted to the emission plate 301. The emission plate 301 pulls the spring 304 to push the perforating pellet 303 out of the emission cavity 302, and bombards the fracturing area at a high speed, realizing an energy-saving and production-increasing process during the fracturing process. During the working process, the electromagnetic energy is converted into kinetic energy, and the kinetic energy is converted into a radial inertial force to launch the perforating pellet 303, realizing the pressure process of prefabricating cracks and bombarding the cracked rock in the fracturing area. After passing through the emission plate 301, the energy of the exciting pellet 6 is reduced and the speed is decreased. After being accelerated again, the exciting pellet 6 starts to enter the next fracturing area to complete the fracturing.

[0040] The above has introduced the present utility model in detail. The "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" in this embodiment are described relative to the positions in the accompanying drawings of the specification. Although the present utility model has been described in detail by referring to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the preferred embodiments, the present utility model is not limited thereto. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions to the embodiments of the present utility model, and these modifications or substitutions should all be within the scope of the present utility model. / Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present utility model can easily think of changes or substitutions, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic perforating device for horizontal well completion in oil fields, characterized in that: It includes an electromagnetic launch device, an acceleration coil and a perforating unit; The electromagnetic launch device is connected to a casing, which includes an E section, an F section and an M section connected in sequence. The E section is a horizontal section, connected to the electromagnetic launch device and located above the ground; the F section is a vertical section, the end located above the ground is connected to the E section, and the end located below the ground is connected to the M section; the M section is a horizontal section, located below the ground; Acceleration coils are provided outside the E section, the F section and the M section respectively; A perforating unit is also provided on the M section, and the area where the perforating unit acts is the fracturing zone; The perforating unit is located behind the accelerating coil; the perforating unit comprises an arc-shaped launching plate, which is located inside the M segment and protrudes radially along the M segment to form a launching cavity with the inner side surface of the M segment; A spring is arranged in the launching chamber, one end of the spring contacts the launching plate, and the other end of the spring abuts against the perforating projectile; a launching hole is arranged on the M section corresponding to the perforating projectile.

2. The electromagnetic perforating device for horizontal well completion in oil fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insulating sleeve is arranged outside the accelerating coil.

3. The electromagnetic perforating device for horizontal well completion in oil fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reflector is provided at the contact position between the F segment and the M segment, and the angle between the reflector and the horizontal plane is 45-60°.

4. The electromagnetic perforating device for horizontal well completion in oil fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: When multiple rock and soil layers need to be fractured, multiple acceleration coils and perforating units are set on the M section.

5. The electromagnetic perforating device for horizontal well completion in oil fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four launching plates, which respectively form launching cavities with the M segment, and the launching cavities are distributed at 90 degrees on the inner side of the M segment; there is a bombardment group in each launching cavity, and the bombardment group includes two perforating projectiles, which are arranged along the movement direction of the exciting projectile, and each perforating projectile is correspondingly provided with a spring.

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