Carbonization furnace and activated carbon production system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a carbonization furnace and an activated carbon production system, and solves the technical problems that tar is difficult to decompose and a pipeline is blocked in the prior art. The carbonization furnace comprises a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber, and further comprises a backflow pipeline, the input end of the backflow pipeline is connected with a tail gas outlet of a carbonized material, and the output end of the backflow pipeline is connected with a fuel inlet of the combustion chamber; the material spraying device is provided with a spray head for spraying a tar catalytic cracking catalyst into the backflow pipeline; a heat source inlet of the heat exchange device is connected with a tail gas outlet of the combustion chamber, a cold source inlet of the heat exchange device is connected with fuel gas, and the fuel gas is heated by the heat exchange device and then flows into the combustion chamber for combustion; and the filtering device is connected with the cooled combustion chamber tail gas outlet of the heat exchange device, and particulate matter in the combustion chamber tail gas flows into the material spraying device after being intercepted by the filtering device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of carbonization furnaces, and more specifically, to a carbonization furnace and a production system of activated carbon. Background Art

[0002] The carbonization process of biomass raw materials in a carbonization furnace mainly includes three stages:

[0003] The first stage: from ignition to the furnace temperature rising to 160°C. At this time, the moisture contained in the raw materials mainly evaporates by relying on external heat and the heat generated by combustion, and the chemical composition of the raw materials hardly changes.

[0004] The second stage: the furnace temperature is 160 - 280°C. The raw materials undergo thermal decomposition reactions, and their compositions begin to change. Among them, unstable components such as hemicellulose decompose into CO 2 , CO and a small amount of substances such as acetic acid.

[0005] The third stage: the furnace temperature is 280 - 650°C. The raw materials rapidly undergo thermal decomposition, and at the same time, a large amount of steam such as acetic acid, methanol and tar (gaseous above 380°C boiling point) is generated. In addition, combustible gases such as methane and ethylene are also produced, and the raw materials are carbonized into charcoal at high temperature.

[0006] Therefore, during the carbonization process, as the temperature rises, the tail gas discharged from the carbonization furnace not only has a high temperature, but also contains valuable components such as combustible gases (such as methane, ethylene, CO), water vapor, and tar.

[0007] In the prior art, it is proposed to directly reflux the tail gas of the carbonization chamber into the combustion chamber for secondary combustion, which can recover and utilize its heat and valuable components to a certain extent. However, due to the high decomposition temperature of tar, it is very easy to be discharged with the combustion chamber tail gas before decomposition in the combustion chamber, and moreover, the viscosity of tar is very high, and it is very easy to adhere to the reflux pipeline and cause pipeline blockage. Summary of the Utility Model

[0008] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a carbonization furnace and a production system of activated carbon to solve the technical problems of difficult decomposition of tar and pipeline blockage in the prior art.

[0009] To achieve the above purpose, according to the first aspect of the utility model, a carbonization furnace is provided, and the technical solution is as follows:

[0010] A carbonization furnace, including a carbonization chamber and a combustion chamber, further including:

[0011] A reflux pipeline, the input end of the reflux pipeline is connected to the tail gas outlet of the carbonized material, and the output end of the reflux pipeline is connected to the fuel inlet of the combustion chamber;

[0012] A spraying device, the spraying device having a nozzle for spraying a tar catalytic cracking catalyst into a reflux pipeline;

[0013] A heat exchange device, the heat source inlet of the heat exchange device being connected to the tail gas outlet of the combustion chamber, the cold source inlet being connected to the fuel gas, and the fuel gas flowing into the combustion chamber for combustion after being heated by the heat exchange device;

[0014] A filtering device, the filtering device being connected to the cooled tail gas outlet of the combustion chamber of the heat exchange device, and the particulate matter in the tail gas of the combustion chamber flowing into the spraying device after being intercepted by the filtering device.

[0015] In the carbonization furnace of the present utility model, a tar catalytic cracking catalyst is sprayed into the reflux pipeline by the spraying device and mixed with the tail gas of the carbonization chamber. On the one hand, it can reduce the decomposition temperature of tar, making it easier for tar to react in the combustion chamber. On the other hand, the catalyst powder can adsorb tar, reducing the viscosity of the tail gas of the carbonization chamber, thereby effectively preventing the reflux pipeline from being blocked. The catalyst carried in the tail gas of the combustion chamber can be recycled after being recovered by the filtering device. The heat exchange device uses the heat of the tail gas of the combustion chamber to preheat the fuel gas, significantly improving the utilization rate of the fuel.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above carbonization furnace: The reflux pipeline includes an obliquely rising pipe, an obliquely middle pipe, a vertical pipe, and an obliquely descending pipe connected in sequence. Thus, the use of horizontal pipelines is avoided, reducing the risk of blockage.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above carbonization furnace: The nozzle is arranged inside the vertical pipe. Thus, the mixing effect is improved, and the risk of blockage is reduced.

[0018] As a further improvement of the above carbonization furnace: The combustion chamber has an ignition device, and the output end of the reflux pipeline is connected to the ignition device. Thus, the tail gas of the carbonization chamber can be directly ignited by means of the ignition device, reducing the disturbance caused by directly flowing into the combustion furnace.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above carbonization furnace: The spraying device further includes a temperature sensor arranged inside the reflux pipeline and a powder conveying pump for conveying the tar catalytic cracking catalyst. Thus, the catalyst powder can be introduced at the temperature at which tar gas is generated, which can improve the utilization rate of the catalyst powder.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above carbonization furnace: The bottom plate of the carbonization chamber has a slope, and a porous partition is arranged above the bottom plate. Thus, the raw materials are placed on the porous partition for heat treatment. On the one hand, the raw materials are heated more evenly, avoiding the influence of bottom plate deposits on the carbonization of the raw materials. On the other hand, it is convenient for the solid-liquid waste deposited on the bottom plate to be discharged.

[0021] As a further improvement of the above carbonization furnace: It further includes a discharge pipe and a solid-liquid waste collection tank connected to the bottom of the carbonization chamber. Thus, subsequent comprehensive treatment is facilitated.

[0022] As a further improvement of the above carbonization furnace: it further includes a tail gas absorption device, and the tail gas treated by the filtering device flows into the tail gas absorption device. Thus, acidic gases in the tail gas can be absorbed, facilitating subsequent comprehensive treatment of the tail gas.

[0023] To achieve the above object, according to the second aspect of the present utility model, a production system for activated carbon is provided, and the technical solution is as follows:

[0024] The production system for activated carbon includes the carbonization furnace described in the first aspect above.

[0025] It can be seen that the carbonization furnace and the production system for activated carbon of the present utility model have a simple structure, can be used after simple transformation of the existing carbonization furnace, can maximize the utilization of the heat and valuable components of the tail gas in the carbonization chamber, effectively solve the technical problems of difficult decomposition of tar and pipeline blockage in the prior art, and have extremely strong practicability.

[0026] The following further describes the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners. The additional aspects and advantages of the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification will be partially given in the following description, partially become obvious from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings forming a part of the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification are used to assist in understanding the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification. The content provided in the accompanying drawings and the related descriptions in the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification can be used to explain the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification, but do not constitute an improper limitation to the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification. In the accompanying drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the carbonization furnace of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the carbonization furnace of Embodiment 2 of the present utility model.

[0030] The relevant marks in the above accompanying drawings are:

[0031] 100 - Carbonization chamber, 110 - Discharge pipe, 120 - Solid - liquid waste collection tank, 130 - Bottom plate, 140 - Porous partition plate, 200 - Combustion chamber, 210 - Ignition device, 310 - Oblique upward pipe, 320 - Oblique middle pipe, 330 - Vertical pipe, 340 - Oblique downward pipe, 410 - Sprayer, 420 - Powder conveying pump, 500 - Heat exchange device, 510 - Fuel gas pipeline, 600 - Filter device, 610 - Catalyst reflux pipe, 700 - Tail gas absorption device. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] The following clearly and completely describes the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Those of ordinary skill in the art will be able to implement the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification based on these descriptions. Before describing the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it should be particularly noted that:

[0033] In the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification, the technical solutions and technical features provided in each part including the following descriptions can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0034] In addition, the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification involved in the following descriptions are usually only a partial embodiment of the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification rather than all embodiments. Therefore, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification should fall within the scope of protection of the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification.

[0035] Regarding the terms and units in the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification: The terms "including", "comprising", "having" and any variations thereof in the specification, claims and relevant parts of the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification are intended to cover non - exclusive inclusion. In addition, other relevant terms and units in the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification can be reasonably explained based on the relevant content of the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the carbonization furnace for this embodiment.

[0038] As Figure 1The carbonization furnace shown includes a carbonization chamber 100 and a combustion chamber 200, and also includes a reflux pipeline, a spraying device, a heat exchange device 500, a filtering device 600, and a tail gas absorption device 700. During manufacturing, the spraying device, the heat exchange device 500, the filtering device 600, and the tail gas absorption device 700 can be integrated into the housing of the carbonization furnace or can be provided outside the housing.

[0039] The input end of the reflux pipeline is connected to the tail gas outlet of the carbonized material, and the output end of the reflux pipeline is connected to the fuel inlet of the combustion chamber 200; the reflux pipeline includes an obliquely rising pipe 310, an obliquely middle pipe 320, a vertical pipe 330, and an obliquely descending pipe 340 that are connected in sequence. The combustion chamber 200 has an ignition device 210, and the output end of the reflux pipeline is connected to the ignition device 210.

[0040] The spraying device has a spray head 410 for spraying a tar catalytic cracking catalyst into the reflux pipeline, a temperature sensor provided in the reflux pipeline, and a powder delivery pump 420 for delivering the tar catalytic cracking catalyst; the spray head 410 is provided in the vertical pipe 330, and the tar catalytic cracking catalyst is in countercurrent contact with the tail gas of the carbonization chamber 100.

[0041] The heat source inlet of the heat exchange device 500 is connected to the tail gas outlet of the combustion chamber 200, and the cold source inlet is connected to the fuel gas. The fuel gas flows into the combustion chamber 200 through the fuel gas pipeline 510 after being heated by the heat exchange device 500 for combustion;

[0042] The filtering device 600 is connected to the cooled tail gas outlet of the combustion chamber 200 of the heat exchange device 500. The particulate matter in the tail gas of the combustion chamber 200 flows into the spraying device after being intercepted by the filtering device 600, and a catalyst reflux pipe 610 is provided between the spraying device and the filtering device 600.

[0043] The tail gas processed by the filtering device 600 flows into the tail gas absorption device 700. After the acidic gas is absorbed, the tail gas is collected and sent for comprehensive waste gas treatment.

[0044] A discharge pipe 110 and a solid-liquid waste collection tank 120 are connected to the bottom of the carbonization chamber 100.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the carbonization furnace of this embodiment.

[0047] On the basis of Example 1, the carbonization furnace of this embodiment further has the following settings: As Figure 2 shown, the bottom plate 130 of the carbonization chamber 100 has a slope, and a porous partition plate 140 is provided above the bottom plate 130.

[0048] An embodiment of the activated carbon production system of the present utility model includes the above-mentioned carbonization furnace.

[0049] The above has described the relevant content of the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification. Those of ordinary skill in the art will be able to implement the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification based on these descriptions. Based on the above content of the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification, all other preferred embodiments and examples obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the embodiments of the invention provided in this specification.

Claims

1. A carbonization furnace, comprising a carbonization chamber (100) and a combustion chamber (200), characterized in that: Also includes: A reflux pipeline, wherein the input end of the reflux pipeline is connected to the tail gas outlet of the carbonized material, and the output end of the reflux pipeline is connected to the fuel inlet of the combustion chamber (200); A spraying device, the spraying device having a spray head (410) for spraying a tar catalytic cracking catalyst into a reflux pipe; A heat exchange device (500), wherein a heat source inlet of the heat exchange device (500) is connected to an exhaust gas outlet of the combustion chamber (200), and a cold source inlet is connected to fuel gas, and the fuel gas is heated by the heat exchange device (500) and then flows into the combustion chamber (200) for combustion; The filter device (600) is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the combustion chamber (200) after cooling of the heat exchange device (500), and the particulate matter in the exhaust gas of the combustion chamber (200) is intercepted by the filter device (600) and then flows into the injection device.

2. The carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The return pipe comprises an oblique ascending pipe (310), an oblique intermediate pipe (320), a vertical pipe (330) and an oblique descending pipe (340) which are connected in sequence.

3. The carbonization furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nozzle (410) is arranged in the vertical pipe (330).

4. The carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion chamber (200) has an ignition device (210), and the output end of the return pipe is connected to the ignition device (210).

5. The carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying device also includes a temperature sensor arranged in the reflux pipe and a powder delivery pump (420) for delivering tar catalytic cracking catalyst.

6. The carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (130) of the carbonization chamber (100) has a slope, and a porous partition plate (140) is arranged above the bottom plate (130).

7. The carbonization furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a discharge pipe (110) connected to the bottom of the carbonization chamber (100) and a solid-liquid waste collection tank (120).

8. The carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a tail gas absorption device (700), and the tail gas treated by the filtering device (600) flows into the tail gas absorption device (700).

9. An activated carbon production system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a carbonization furnace as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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