Downhole dust falling device

Abstract

The utility model provides an underground dust falling device which comprises a shell, an air inlet and a corresponding air outlet are respectively arranged on the shell, a first fan for extracting external dusty gas into the shell is arranged in the air inlet, and a spraying cavity communicated with the air inlet and used for falling dust is arranged in the shell. And the lower portion of the spraying cavity communicates with a centrifugal cavity used for screening out large particles, the centrifugal cavity communicates with a filtering cavity used for purifying outside dusty gas, the upper portion of the filtering cavity communicates with an air outlet, and a second fan used for exhausting gas in the shell to the outside is arranged in the air outlet. By integrating the spraying chamber, the centrifugal chamber and the filtering chamber, a continuous and efficient multi-dust-falling structure is constructed. The dust falling effect and efficiency are remarkably improved, and direct use of water mist for dust falling in an operation site is avoided, so that the visibility of field operation is improved, potential safety hazards are reduced, the underground operation environment is improved, and occupational health and safety of workers are protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0002] The utility model relates to the technology of dust reduction equipment, in particular to a dust reduction device for underground mines.

Background Art

[0004] In underground working environments such as mines and tunnels, dust pollution is a serious problem. Prolonged exposure to a high-dust environment poses a great threat to the health of workers and may lead to various respiratory diseases. In order to reduce the dust concentration in the underground working environment and protect the health of workers, effective dust reduction measures need to be taken.

[0005] Traditional underground dust reduction methods mainly include water mist dust reduction and ventilation dust removal, etc. However, these methods often have limited effects and may bring other problems, such as affecting the visibility of the operation site, increasing the operation difficulty and potential safety hazards, and some special dust reduction devices often have a single dust reduction method and poor dust reduction effect. Therefore, developing a new type of dust reduction device that can effectively reduce the dust concentration without affecting the operation environment and efficiency has become an urgent problem to be solved in the field of underground operations.

Content of the Utility Model

[0007] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a dust reduction device for underground mines with good dust reduction effect, diverse dust reduction methods, and without affecting the operation environment and efficiency, aiming to solve the above problems existing in the dust reduction devices in the prior art.

[0008] The utility model is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0009] A dust reduction device for underground mines includes a housing. An air inlet and a corresponding air outlet are respectively arranged on the housing. A first fan for extracting the external dust-containing gas into the housing is arranged in the air inlet. A spray chamber for dust reduction is arranged in the housing and is communicated with the air inlet. A centrifugal chamber for screening out large particles is communicated below the spray chamber. A filter chamber for purifying the external dust-containing gas is communicated with the centrifugal chamber. The upper part of the filter chamber is communicated with the air outlet. A second fan for exhausting the gas inside the housing to the outside is arranged in the air outlet.

[0010] For a dust reduction device for underground mines as described above, first nozzles and second nozzles for dust reduction are respectively arranged on the two side chamber walls at the connection of the spray chamber and the air inlet.

[0011] For a dust reduction device for underground mines as described above, an included angle α is formed by the intersection of the axial lines of the first nozzle and the second nozzle, and the range of the included angle α is 60° - 120°.

[0012] A dust-removing device for use in a well as described above, a first opening communicating with the centrifugal chamber is provided at the bottom of the spray chamber, and an inclined surface for guiding water flow towards the first opening is provided at the lower part on one side inside the spray chamber.

[0013] A dust-removing device for use in a well as described above, a plurality of mutually parallel filtering devices are uniformly provided on the upper chamber wall inside the centrifugal chamber. Among the plurality of filtering devices, one of them is provided near the first opening for screening out large particulate objects.

[0014] A dust-removing device for use in a well as described above, a centrifugal fan is provided on the side inside the centrifugal chamber away from the first opening and near the last filtering device. When the centrifugal fan is turned on, large particulate matters in the gas are screened out by the plurality of filtering devices under the action of wind force and are thrown towards the chamber wall of the centrifugal chamber and then fall down.

[0015] A dust-removing device for use in a well as described above, a sewage discharge port for discharging internal sewage is provided at the bottom on the side near the first opening inside the centrifugal chamber.

[0016] A dust-removing device for use in a well as described above, a second opening communicating with the centrifugal chamber is provided at the bottom of the filtering chamber. Above the second opening and on the lower chamber wall inside the filtering chamber, a first filtering layer for filtering small particulate matters in the gas is provided. Above the first filtering layer, a second filtering layer for adsorbing harmful gases is provided. Above the second filtering layer, a third filtering layer for enhancing the purification of the gas is provided.

[0017] A dust-removing device for use in a well as described above, the setting distance between every two of the first filtering layer, the second filtering layer, and the third filtering layer is 15 - 25 cm.

[0018] A dust-removing device for use in a well as described above, the first spray head and the second spray head are respectively provided with a first water inlet end and a second water inlet end connected to a water supply pipeline, and a polytetrafluoroethylene coating is provided on the surface of the inner cavity wall of the housing.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following advantages:

[0020] By integrating a spray chamber, a centrifugal chamber, and a filtering chamber, the present utility model constructs a continuous and efficient multiple dust-removing structure. The spray chamber initially reduces the dust concentration, the centrifugal chamber effectively screens out large particulate matters, and the filtering chamber further purifies the gas to ensure the cleanliness of the discharged gas. This multiple dust-removing structure significantly improves the dust-removing effect and efficiency. In addition, compared with the traditional dust-removing method, the present utility model avoids directly using water mist for dust removal at the operation site, thereby improving the visibility of the operation site, reducing potential safety hazards, improving the underground operation environment, and protecting the occupational health and safety of workers.

Description of the Drawings

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model, the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the flow trajectory of the external dusty gas in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the flow trajectory of the dust-removing water in the embodiment of the present utility model.

Specific Embodiments

[0027] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by this application clearer and more understandable, the following further details this application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not used to limit this application.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , this embodiment provides a downhole dust-removing device, including a housing 1, an air inlet 2 and a corresponding air outlet 3 are respectively provided on the housing 1, a first fan 4 for extracting external dusty gas into the housing 1 is provided in the air inlet 2, a spray chamber 11 for dust removal communicated with the air inlet 2 is provided in the housing 1, a centrifugal chamber 12 for screening out large particles is communicated below the spray chamber 11, a filter chamber 13 for purifying external dusty gas is communicated with the centrifugal chamber 12, the upper part of the filter chamber 13 is communicated with the air outlet 3, and a second fan 5 for exhausting the gas inside the housing 1 to the outside is provided in the air outlet 3.

[0029] In this embodiment, the spray chamber 11 is communicated with the air inlet 2 and is internally provided with a spray device for preliminarily removing dust from the incoming gas. By means of spraying water mist, the dust is combined with the water mist to form larger particles, thereby reducing the dust concentration; the centrifugal chamber 12 is located below the spray chamber 11, and the large particles in the gas are screened out through a carefully designed centrifugal structure. The centrifugal chamber 12 utilizes the centrifugal force generated when the gas rotates at high speed to throw the large particles towards the chamber wall and settle them; the filter chamber 13 is communicated with the centrifugal chamber 12 and is internally provided with high-efficiency filter materials for further purifying the gas. By intercepting and adsorbing the fine particles and harmful gas molecules in the gas, the cleanliness of the discharged gas is ensured. The combined use of the first fan 4 and the second fan 5 in this embodiment realizes the continuous treatment and discharge of the gas and improves the treatment efficiency.

[0030] Generally speaking, the downhole dust suppression device proposed in this embodiment greatly improves the dust suppression effect and efficiency in the downhole working environment through the design of multiple dust suppression structures including spraying, centrifugation, and filtration, effectively protecting the occupational health and safety of workers. Additionally, since direct water mist dust suppression at the operation site is avoided, the visibility during on-site operations is also improved.

[0031] Further, as a preferred implementation manner rather than a limitation of this solution, on both side chamber walls at the connection of the spraying chamber 11 and the air inlet 2, a first spray head 111 and a second spray head 112 for dust suppression are respectively provided. The mesh number of the spray heads can be between 100 and 300 meshes, preferably a 200-mesh spray head.

[0032] In this embodiment, both the first spray head 111 and the second spray head 112 are connected to a water source and can be precisely adjusted in terms of water volume and water pressure through a control system. During the actual working process, when the downhole dust-containing gas is extracted by the first fan 4 and enters the air inlet 2, it will immediately flow through the spraying chamber 11. At this time, the first spray head 111 and the second spray head 112 will be activated simultaneously, spraying out fine water mist. These water mists come into full contact with the dust particles in the gas, and through adsorption and agglomeration, the dust particles rapidly increase in size and settle down. In this way, before the gas enters the subsequent treatment chamber, preliminary dust suppression treatment has been completed, reducing the burden on the subsequent treatment equipment. The mesh number of both the first spray head 111 and the second spray head 112 is preferably 200 meshes, having a moderate pore size, capable of spraying out fine and uniform water mist. This water mist has a large contact area with the dust particles and strong adsorption ability, thus improving the dust suppression effect.

[0033] Further, as a preferred implementation manner rather than a limitation of this solution, an included angle α is formed by the intersection of the axis lines of the first spray head and the second spray head 112, and the range of the included angle α is 60° - 120°.

[0034] In this embodiment, the axis lines of the first spray head and the second spray head 112 are not parallel, but intersect to form a certain included angle α. The range of this included angle α is carefully designed to be 60° - 120° to ensure that the water mists sprayed by the two spray heads can form an effective coverage area in the spraying chamber 11 and maximize the contact with the incoming dust-containing gas. When the included angle α is set to 60° - 120°, the water mists sprayed by the first spray head and the second spray head 112 can form an overlap in the central area of the spraying chamber 11, thereby enhancing the dust suppression effect in this area.

[0035] More specifically, the included angle α is preferably 90°. When the axis lines of the first nozzle 111 and the second nozzle 112 intersect to form an included angle of 90°, the water mists sprayed by the two nozzles can form a perfect cross-coverage within the spray chamber 11. This setting ensures that the gas entering the spray chamber 11 from any direction will be evenly and fully contacted with the water mist. First, the 90° included angle enables the water mist coverage areas of the two nozzles to form the largest overlap at the center point of the spray chamber 11, thereby generating the strongest dust suppression effect in this area. This overlap not only increases the density of the water mist but also improves the collision probability between the dust particles and the water mist, thus enhancing the dust suppression ability. Second, the 90° included angle also simplifies the installation and adjustment process of the nozzles. In actual operation, only by ensuring that the axis lines of the two nozzles are perpendicular to each other can the optimal water mist coverage effect be easily achieved. This simplicity is particularly important for the installation and maintenance of equipment in complex environments such as underground mines. In addition, the 90° included angle helps to reduce water resource waste. Since the water mist coverage is uniform and effective, it is possible to avoid excessive water mist being sprayed onto the wall of the spray chamber 11 and causing waste while ensuring the dust suppression effect.

[0036] Further, as a preferred implementation manner of this solution rather than a limitation, a first opening 113 communicating with the centrifugal chamber 12 is provided at the bottom of the spray chamber 11, and an inclined surface 114 for guiding the water flow towards the first opening 113 is provided at the lower part on one side within the spray chamber 11.

[0037] In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the gas and the entrained water droplets after spray treatment can smoothly flow into the centrifugal chamber 12 for the next-stage treatment, a first opening 113 communicating with the centrifugal chamber 12 is provided at the bottom of the spray chamber 11. At the same time, an inclined surface 114 is specifically provided at the lower part on one side within the spray chamber 11 for guiding the water flow generated during the spraying process towards the first opening 113. Since a large amount of water droplets will be generated during the spraying process, if not properly guided, these water droplets may accumulate within the spray chamber 11, affecting the gas flow and the dust suppression effect. By providing the inclined surface 114, it can be ensured that these water droplets smoothly flow along the inclined surface towards the first opening 113 and finally enter the centrifugal chamber 12 for treatment.

[0038] Further, as a preferred implementation manner of this solution rather than a limitation, a plurality of mutually parallel filtering devices 121 are uniformly provided on the upper chamber wall within the centrifugal chamber 12. Among the plurality of filtering devices 121, one of them is provided near the first opening 113 for screening out large-particle objects, and the interval between the plurality of filtering devices 121 is 30 - 70 cm, preferably 50 cm.

[0039] In this embodiment, on the upper cavity wall inside the centrifugal chamber 12, four mutually parallel filtering devices 121 are evenly arranged. The filtering devices are preferably filter mesh sheets. The main function of these filtering devices 121 is to further screen out large particulate objects in the gas, ensuring that only fine particles and gas enter the subsequent filtering chamber 13. Among them, the filtering device 121 near the first opening 113 plays a preliminary filtering role. Since the gas may still carry large water droplets and dust particles when entering the centrifugal chamber 12 from the spray chamber 11, the filtering device 121 at this position can effectively block these large particulate objects, preventing them from clogging or damaging the subsequent filtering devices. At the same time, the parallel arrangement of multiple filtering devices 121 not only increases the filtering area and improves the filtering efficiency, but also ensures the uniform distribution of gas in the centrifugal chamber 12, avoiding the situation of too fast or too slow local flow velocity, thereby further improving the dust removal effect.

[0040] In addition, to ensure that the gas in the centrifugal chamber 12 can be fully filtered, the setting distance between the filter mesh sheets is 50 cm. In some other embodiments, it can also be set to 30 cm, 70 cm, etc. according to needs. The choice of a distance of 50 cm is based on actual gas flow velocity and filtering effect considerations, aiming to ensure that the gas can be fully screened and purified when passing through each filter mesh sheet. At the same time, this setting also avoids the problems of increased resistance and poor gas circulation that may be caused by the dense arrangement of the filter mesh. In addition, this optimized setting also helps to improve the overall processing efficiency of the dust removal device. By reasonably distributing the filter mesh sheets, it can ensure that the residence time of the gas in the centrifugal chamber 12 is appropriate, which can not only ensure sufficient filtering effect, but also prevent the decline of processing efficiency due to too long residence time. Finally, from the perspective of maintenance, the design of installing a filter mesh every 50 cm is also convenient for the daily inspection and cleaning of the equipment. In harsh environments such as underground mines, the maintainability of the equipment is an important consideration factor, and this setting distance enables maintenance personnel to easily clean each filter mesh, reducing the operation and maintenance costs of the equipment.

[0041] Furthermore, as a preferred implementation manner rather than a limitation of this solution, a centrifugal fan 122 is provided on the side of the centrifugal chamber 12 far from the first opening 113 and near the last filtering device 121. When the centrifugal fan 122 is turned on, large particulate matters in the gas are screened out by the multiple filtering devices 121 and thrown towards the wall of the centrifugal chamber 12 and then fall. Through the action of the centrifugal fan 122, the large particulate matters are thrown towards the wall and fall, avoiding their clogging or damaging the subsequent filtering devices and extending the service life of the equipment. In addition, on both sides of the housing 1, specifically on the two sides perpendicular to the filtering device 121, there are detachably connected baffles. The baffles are part of the housing 1, which facilitates the later maintenance of the structural components inside the housing 1 by the staff.

[0042] Further, as a preferred implementation manner rather than a limitation of this solution, a sewage discharge port 123 for discharging internal sewage is provided at the bottom of the centrifugal chamber 12 near the first opening 113 side. The sewage discharge port 123 can be connected to an external sewage pipeline, so as to facilitate the cleaning of accumulated sewage, dust, or other aggregates inside the centrifugal chamber 12, and maintain the cleanliness and normal operation of the equipment. During the operation of the dust removal device, sewage and dust will continuously accumulate inside the centrifugal chamber 12. If not cleaned in time, it will affect the normal operation of the equipment and the dust removal effect. Therefore, by providing the sewage discharge port 123, these sewage and dust can be conveniently discharged outside the equipment, maintaining the cleanliness and normal operation of the equipment.

[0043] Further, as a preferred implementation manner rather than a limitation of this solution, a second opening 131 communicating with the centrifugal chamber 12 is provided at the bottom of the filtration chamber 13. Above the second opening 131 and on the lower chamber wall inside the filtration chamber 13, a first filter layer 132 for filtering small particles in the gas is provided. Above the first filter layer 132, a second filter layer 133 for adsorbing harmful gases is provided. Above the second filter layer 133, a third filter layer 134 for enhancing the purification of the gas is provided.

[0044] In this embodiment, a second opening 131 communicating with the centrifugal chamber 12 is provided at the bottom of the filtration chamber 13, facilitating the processed gas in the centrifugal chamber 12 to enter the filtration chamber 13 for further filtration and purification.

[0045] Above the second opening 131, a first filter layer 132 is provided on the lower chamber wall inside the filtration chamber 13. Its main function is to filter small particles in the gas, ensuring that only finer particles and gas molecules can pass through. Specifically, the first filter layer 132 can be selected as a HEPA filter mesh, which can effectively block tiny particles in the gas.

[0046] Above the first filter layer 132, a second filter layer 133 is provided. The second filter layer 133 is made of a material capable of adsorbing harmful gases, such as activated carbon or other materials with adsorption functions, for removing harmful gas components in the gas.

[0047] Finally, above the second filter layer 133, a third filter layer 134 is provided. The function of the third filter layer 134 is to further enhance the purification effect of the gas. It can be made of ultra-fine glass fiber material, which can further capture fine particles and contribute to enhancing the overall purification effect of the gas.

[0048] Further, within the filtration chamber 13, the distance between the first filtration layer 132, the second filtration layer 133, and the third filtration layer 134 is 15 - 25 cm, preferably 20 cm. This distance setting helps the gas to be evenly distributed and flow within the filtration chamber 13, improving the filtration efficiency. When the gas enters the filtration chamber 13 from the second opening 131, it forms a certain airflow distribution below the first filtration layer 132. Due to the appropriate distance between the filtration layers, these airflows can evenly pass through the first filtration layer 132 and form a new airflow distribution above it. Similarly, the second filtration layer 133 and the third filtration layer 134 can also evenly filter and purify the gas, ensuring the quality of the finally discharged gas.

[0049] Furthermore, as a preferred implementation manner rather than a limitation of this solution, the first spray head 111 and the second spray head 112 are respectively provided with a first water inlet end 1111 and a second water inlet end 1121 connected to the water supply pipeline, and the inner cavity wall surface of the housing 1 is provided with a polytetrafluoroethylene coating. The first water inlet end 1111 and the second water inlet end 1121 ensure that the water source can be stably supplied to the spray heads, thus ensuring that the dust suppression device can work continuously and effectively. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has good corrosion resistance, high and low temperature resistance, and an extremely low friction coefficient, which makes the interior of the housing more durable, reduces the adhesion of dust and particulate matter to the inner wall of the housing, and thus improves the working efficiency and service life of the dust suppression device.

[0050] The working principle of the present utility model:

[0051] The present utility model provides a downhole dust suppression device, and its working principle is mainly based on a multi - stage dust suppression structure design, including three main steps: spraying, centrifugation, and filtration, to effectively treat the dust - containing gas in the downhole working environment.

[0052] First, the dust - containing gas is drawn into the air inlet by the first fan and then enters the spraying chamber communicated with the air inlet. In the spraying chamber, fine water mist is sprayed through the provided first spray head and second spray head. These water mists fully contact the dust particles in the gas, and the dust particles are enlarged and settled through adsorption and aggregation effects, completing the preliminary dust suppression treatment.

[0053] Next, the gas after spraying treatment enters the centrifugation chamber. In the centrifugation chamber, through a specially designed centrifugation structure and filtration device, large particulate matters in the gas are further screened out. When the centrifugal fan is turned on, the generated wind force throws the large particulate matters towards the chamber wall surface and settles them, thereby effectively removing the large particulate matters.

[0054] Finally, the centrifuged gas enters the filtration chamber. In the filtration chamber, through the multi-layer filtration layers provided, including the first filtration layer, the second filtration layer, and the third filtration layer, which are respectively used for filtering small particulate matters, adsorbing harmful gases, and enhancing the gas purification effect. The synergistic effect of these filtration layers ensures the cleanliness of the finally discharged gas.

[0055] In addition, the present utility model also considers the optimization and practicability of the device structure. For example, the setting of the included angle of the spray head, the setting of the spacing between the filtration layers, and the coating treatment of the inner wall of the housing, etc., are all for improving the working efficiency, service life, and facilitating maintenance of the dust reduction device.

[0056] In summary, the downhole dust reduction device of this embodiment realizes the effective treatment of the dust-containing gas in the downhole working environment through a multi-layer dust reduction structure design, improves the dust reduction effect and efficiency of the working environment, and protects the occupational health and safety of workers.

[0057] The above is the implementation manner provided in combination with specific content, and it is not determined that the specific implementation of this application is only limited to these descriptions. Those that are approximately the same as the method structure of this application, or make several technical deductions or substitutions under the premise of the concept of this application, should be regarded as the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A dust reduction device for a mine, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: The shell (1) is provided with an air inlet (2) and a corresponding air outlet (3), the air inlet (2) is provided with a first fan (4) for extracting dust-containing gas from the outside into the shell (1), the shell (1) is provided with a spray chamber (11) for dust reduction and connected to the air inlet (2), the spray chamber (11) is connected to a centrifugal chamber (12) for screening out large particles below, the centrifugal chamber (12) is connected to a filter chamber (13) for purifying dust-containing gas from the outside, the filter chamber (13) is connected to the air outlet (3) at its upper part, and the air outlet (3) is provided with a second fan (5) for extracting gas inside the shell (1) to the outside.

2. A dust reduction device for underground mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first nozzle (111) and a second nozzle (112) for dust reduction are respectively provided on the cavity walls on both sides of the connection between the spray chamber (11) and the air inlet (2).

3. A dust reduction device for a mine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axis lines of the first nozzle and the second nozzle (112) intersect to form an angle α, and the range of the angle α is 60°-120°.

4. A dust reduction device for mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the spray chamber (11) is provided with a first opening (113) communicating with the centrifugal chamber (12), and the lower part of one side of the spray chamber (11) is provided with an inclined surface (114) for guiding water to flow toward the first opening (113).

5. A dust reduction device for underground mines according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper chamber wall in the centrifugal chamber (12) is evenly provided with a plurality of mutually parallel filtering devices (121), and one of the plurality of filtering devices (121) is arranged near the first opening (113) and is used to screen out large particles.

6. A dust reduction device for mines according to claim 5, characterized in that: A centrifugal fan (122) is provided on a side of the centrifugal chamber (12) away from the first opening (113) and close to the last filter device (121). When the centrifugal fan (122) is turned on, large particles in the gas are screened out by the plurality of filter devices (121) under the action of wind and are thrown toward the wall of the centrifugal chamber (12) and fall down.

7. A dust reduction device for mines according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sewage outlet (123) for discharging internal sewage is provided at the bottom of the centrifugal chamber (12) near the first opening (113).

8. A dust reduction device for mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the filter chamber (13) is provided with a second opening (131) communicating with the centrifugal chamber (12); above the second opening (131) and on the lower cavity wall of the filter chamber (13), a first filter layer (132) capable of filtering small particles in the gas is provided; above the first filter layer (132) is provided a second filter layer (133) capable of absorbing harmful gases; and above the second filter layer (133) is provided a third filter layer (134) capable of enhancing gas purification.

9. A dust reduction device for underground mines according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first filter layer (132), the second filter layer (133), and the third filter layer (134) are spaced apart from each other by 15-25 cm.

10. A dust reduction device for mines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first nozzle (111) and the second nozzle (112) are respectively provided with a first water inlet end (1111) and a second water inlet end (1121) connected to a water supply pipe, and a polytetrafluoroethylene coating is provided on the inner cavity wall surface of the shell (1).

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