Molten salt tower type solar thermal power station heat absorber power-off protection system

Abstract

The utility model provides a molten salt tower type solar thermal power station heat absorber power-off protection system which comprises a molten salt control module, a heliostat field control module, a heliostat field module and a heat absorption module, the molten salt control module is connected with the heat absorption module, and the heliostat field control module is connected with the heat absorption module through the heliostat field module; the molten salt control module comprises a check valve and a molten salt pump, and the check valve is arranged between the molten salt pump and the heat absorption module; the heliostat field control module comprises a UPS power source and a controller, the UPS power source is connected with the heliostat field module through the controller, the controller is further connected with the check valve, the fused salt check valve is adopted to prevent fused salt from flowing back, meanwhile, the UPS power source of the heliostat field is adopted to rapidly defocus, and the purposes of automatically removing a heliostat and protecting a heat absorber are achieved. An inlet container and a high-pressure compressed air system are omitted, the response characteristic of the heat absorber is enhanced, meanwhile, structures and equipment on a heat absorption tower are reduced, and cost is saved.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of solar thermal power generation, in particular to a power failure protection system for a heat absorber of a molten salt tower solar thermal power station. [Background technology]

[0002] Solar thermal power generation has attracted widespread attention worldwide due to its energy storage advantages and its ability to bear the basic load of the power grid. Tower solar thermal power generation, as a mode of solar thermal power generation, is basically a method of using a heliostat field to focus sunlight onto a heat absorber, heat the heat transfer medium, generate steam through a heat storage and exchange system and a steam generation system, and then drive a steam turbine generator to generate electricity.

[0003] In the design of molten salt tower power stations, when a "major accident" such as a power outage in the entire plant due to a power grid or plant failure occurs, in order to ensure that the heat absorber can be quickly and safely shut down, the traditional solution is to set up a diesel generator as a safety power supply for the heliostat field, requiring the diesel engine to quickly reach the rated load within 15 seconds, and to remove most of the heliostats in sections within 30 seconds to maintain the "post-heat" state of the mirror field, with a total duration of about 45 seconds. During the 45-second mirror removal period, there must be enough molten salt flowing through the heat absorber to prevent the wall temperature of the heat absorber from rising and preventing burning. Considering time redundancy, it is generally required to ensure a 60-second flow rate for the heat absorber. To achieve this goal, a container for storing molten salt is arranged before the inlet of the heat absorber, which is called an "inlet container" or "inlet tank". As described in Chinese patents CN201921721306.0, CN201910046956.8, CN201920058317.9 and CN201721342919.4, the molten salt tower solar thermal power generation heat absorber system is currently equipped with an inlet container. The volume of the inlet container should be able to accommodate the cumulative volume of molten salt for 60 consecutive seconds at the maximum flow rate of the heat absorber. In addition, sufficient space should be left above the molten salt liquid level of the inlet container to be filled with high-pressure compressed air. Its pressure plus the hydraulic pressure of the molten salt in the tank is equal to the pressure at the inlet of the heat absorber. The operating pressure at the inlet of the heat absorber is usually around 2Mpa, so in order to form such a high air pressure, a complex multi-stage reciprocating oil-free high-pressure compressor is required.

[0004] When the whole plant loses power, the molten salt pump loses power, and the pressure at the inlet of the heat absorber drops rapidly. At this time, the quick-closing butterfly valve at the outlet of the molten salt pump is closed, and the compressed air above the liquid level of the inlet container connected to this position quickly squeezes out the molten salt, enters the heat absorber through the connecting pipe, and maintains the flow of the heat absorber. Of course, the air gap above the inlet container must be large enough. If the space above the heat absorption tower is limited, some high-pressure gas storage tanks need to be arranged on the ground or in the middle of the tower to achieve sufficient high-pressure air volume. Otherwise, the molten salt flow rate will become smaller and smaller over time. When it is small to a certain extent, the heat transfer coefficient in the heat absorption tube will be reduced to a level that is insufficient to overcome the heat load of the heliostat that has not been evacuated, which will cause the heat absorption tube to burn out.

[0005] It can be seen that due to the startup speed and capacity limitations of the diesel generator when the whole plant is powered off, a series of equipment and measures must be considered in the design to ensure that the absorber can be safely shut down. However, based on the operating experience of the CSP power plants that have been put into operation, the protection measures designed as above have many disadvantages in the actual operation process, which are as follows:

[0006] 1) As the lines in the mirror field are too long, the reactive power is very large, and the reliability of diesel generator starting is low, it is difficult to achieve partition power supply and mirror removal.

[0007] 2) The space of the heat absorber tower is limited. In order to meet the protection requirements, the inlet container is very large. It occupies the limited space on the tower and is also heavy. The largest lifting component in the installation of the heat absorber on the tower is the inlet container.

[0008] 3) When the flow rate of the heat absorber needs to be adjusted, it is achieved by adjusting the speed of the molten salt pump. When the flow rate needs to be increased, the inlet pressure of the heat absorber increases, but because an inlet container is installed at the inlet of the heat absorber, as the pressure changes, only part of the molten salt delivered by the molten salt pump will flow into the heat absorber, and the other part will flow into the inlet container until the pressure reaches equilibrium, and vice versa when the flow rate decreases. Therefore, the adjustment follow-up of the heat absorber of the current CSP unit equipped with an inlet container will lag, resulting in control delay.

[0009] The reason for this series of problems is that diesel generators are used as backup power sources during power outages in the entire plant. With the development of technology, large-scale UPS power supplies are widely used in engineering projects, especially in recent years, their prices have been accepted by engineering projects. UPS power supplies are connected to the system at the millisecond level at the moment of power outage, replacing the original power supply. Therefore, with the introduction of UPS power supplies in the mirror field, the emergency treatment measures for power outages in molten salt tower solar thermal power plants also need to be redesigned and considered.

[0010] Therefore, it is necessary to study a molten salt tower solar thermal power station absorber power failure protection system to address the shortcomings of the prior art and to solve or alleviate one or more of the above problems. [Utility Model Content]

[0011] In view of this, the utility model provides a molten salt tower solar thermal power station absorber power failure protection system. When the molten salt pump loses power, a molten salt check valve is used to prevent the molten salt from flowing back. At the same time, a mirror field UPS power supply is used to quickly defocus, so as to achieve the purpose of automatically withdrawing the mirror to protect the absorber. The inlet container and the high-pressure compressed air system are omitted, the response characteristics of the absorber are enhanced, the control capability of the system is optimized, and at the same time, the structure and equipment on the absorber tower are reduced, saving costs.

[0012] On the one hand, the utility model provides a molten salt tower solar thermal power station absorber power failure protection system, the absorber power failure protection system comprising:

[0013] A molten salt control module, a heliostat field control module, a heliostat field module and a heat absorption module, wherein the molten salt control module is connected to the heat absorption module, and the heliostat field control module is connected to the heat absorption module via the heliostat field module;

[0014] The molten salt control module comprises a check valve and a molten salt pump, wherein the check valve is arranged between the molten salt pump and the heat absorption module;

[0015] The heliostat field control module includes a UPS power supply and a controller. The UPS power supply is connected to the heliostat field module through the controller, and the controller is also connected to the check valve.

[0016] According to the above aspects and any possible implementation manner, an implementation manner is further provided, wherein the heliostat field control module further includes an external power grid, and the external power grid is connected to a controller in parallel with a UPS power supply.

[0017] According to the above aspects and any possible implementation manner, an implementation manner is further provided, wherein a plurality of heliostats are arranged in the heliostat field module, and the heliostats are simultaneously focused on the heat absorption module.

[0018] According to the above aspects and any possible implementation, an implementation is further provided, wherein the heat absorption module includes a heat absorption tower and a heat absorber, wherein the heat absorber is arranged on the top of the heat absorption tower, and a plurality of heliostats are arranged around the bottom of the heat absorption tower.

[0019] According to the aspects described above and any possible implementation, an implementation is further provided, wherein the molten salt control module further includes a riser, one end of the riser is connected to the check valve, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the heat absorber.

[0020] According to the aspects described above and any possible implementation, there is further provided an implementation, wherein the heat absorber power failure protection system further includes a molten salt collection module, wherein the molten salt collection module includes an outlet container, and the outlet container is connected to the outlet of the heat absorber.

[0021] According to the aspects described above and any possible implementation method, an implementation method is further provided, wherein the absorber power-off protection system also includes an energy collection and recovery module, and the energy collection and recovery module includes a downcomer, a thermal generator and a molten salt recovery pipeline. The upper end of the downcomer is connected to the outlet of the absorber, and the lower end is connected to the molten salt recovery pipeline. The thermal generator is arranged in the middle of the downcomer.

[0022] According to the aspects described above and any possible implementation method, an implementation method is further provided, wherein the energy collection and recovery module also includes a salt-repelling valve, and the upper end of the downcomer is also connected to the inlet of the heat absorber and the outlet of the riser at the same time through the salt-repelling valve.

[0023] According to the above aspects and any possible implementation manner, an implementation manner is further provided, wherein the molten salt recovery pipeline is connected to a molten salt pump.

[0024] According to the above aspects and any possible implementation, there is further provided an implementation, wherein the molten salt pump is a cold salt pump.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the utility model can obtain the following technical effects:

[0026] 1) The utility model adopts a mirror field UPS power supply and a molten salt check valve. Compared with the traditional solution, this solution does not need to be equipped with an inlet container and all its attached valves and electric heating, as well as the high-pressure compressed air storage tank connected thereto and the upstream high-pressure compressor;

[0027] 2) The utility model improves the adjustment flexibility of the heat absorber and enhances its follow-up performance;

[0028] 3) The utility model reduces the inlet container and high-pressure compressed air system and other equipment, and the space on the tower is optimized;

[0029] 4) The utility model reduces the investment in the project;

[0030] 5) The utility model increases the reliability of the system. Since a large number of equipment are eliminated, the number of failure points such as valve electric heating is also reduced.

[0031] Of course, any product implementing the present utility model does not necessarily need to achieve all of the above-mentioned technical effects at the same time.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a simplified structural diagram of a tower solar thermal power generation system provided by one embodiment of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a traditional power-off protection scheme for a molten salt heat absorber based on an inlet container and a compressed air system described in the utility model;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a power-off protection scheme for a molten salt heat absorber provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a time-consuming analysis diagram of the single-axis mirror removal in the mirror field when the molten salt heat absorber power-off protection scheme provided in one embodiment of the utility model is implemented;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a process flow chart of a power-off protection solution for a molten salt heat absorber provided in one embodiment of the utility model.

[0038] Among them, in the figure:

[0039] 1. Heliostat field, 2. Absorption tower, 3. Absorber, 4. Molten salt pump, 5. Fast-closing butterfly valve, 6. Inlet container and air compression system, 7. Inlet container, 8. Air compressor, 9. High-pressure air storage tank, 10. Riser, 11. Downcomer, 12. Outlet container, 13. Salt-removing valve, 14. Power grid, 15. Diesel generator, 16. Check valve, 17. UPS power supply. [Specific implementation method]

[0040] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present utility model, the embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] It should be clear that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0042] The terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present invention and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.

[0043] The utility model provides a molten salt tower solar thermal power station absorber power failure protection system, the absorber power failure protection system comprises:

[0044] A molten salt control module, a heliostat field control module, a heliostat field module and a heat absorption module, wherein the molten salt control module is connected to the heat absorption module, and the heliostat field control module is connected to the heat absorption module via the heliostat field module;

[0045] The molten salt control module comprises a check valve and a molten salt pump, wherein the check valve is arranged between the molten salt pump and the heat absorption module;

[0046] The heliostat field control module includes a UPS power supply and a controller. The UPS power supply is connected to the heliostat field module through the controller, and the controller is also connected to the check valve.

[0047] The heliostat field control module also includes an external power grid, which is connected to the controller in parallel with the UPS power supply. A plurality of heliostats are arranged in the heliostat field module, and the heliostats are simultaneously focused on the heat absorption module. The heat absorption module includes a heat absorption tower and a heat absorber, the heat absorber is arranged at the top of the heat absorption tower, and a plurality of heliostats are arranged around the bottom of the heat absorption tower. The molten salt control module also includes a riser, one end of which is connected to a check valve, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the heat absorber. The heat absorber power failure protection system also includes a molten salt collection module, which includes an outlet container, and the outlet container is connected to the outlet of the heat absorber. The heat absorber power failure protection system also includes an energy collection and recovery module, which includes a downcomer, a thermal generator and a molten salt recovery pipeline, the upper end of the downcomer is connected to the outlet of the heat absorber, and the lower end is connected to the molten salt recovery pipeline, and the thermal generator is arranged in the middle of the downcomer. The energy collection and recovery module also includes a salt-dispersing valve, and the upper end of the downcomer is also connected to the inlet of the heat absorber and the outlet of the riser through the salt-dispersing valve. The molten salt recovery pipeline is connected to a molten salt pump. The molten salt pump is a cold salt pump.

[0048] Embodiment 1:

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the tower solar thermal power station drives a large number of heliostats in the heliostat field 1 to track sunlight, so that the sunlight is concentrated on the surface of the absorber 3 located at the top of the heat absorption tower 2, heats the heat absorbing medium, converts light energy into heat energy, and then converts the heat energy into electrical energy through the steam turbine generator, finally realizing solar thermal power generation.

[0050] like Figure 2As shown, the traditional molten salt heat absorber power-off protection scheme is mainly implemented by the inlet container and air compression system 6 and the diesel generator 15. The inlet container and air compression system 6 include an inlet container 7, an air compressor 8 and a high-pressure air storage tank 9, which are installed at the top of the heat absorber 2. The diesel generator 15 serves as an offline backup power supply for the heliostat field 1. When the whole plant is powered off, the molten salt pump 4 loses power, the fast-closing butterfly valve 5 closes quickly, and the pressure at the inlet of the heat absorber 3 drops rapidly. At this time, the compressed air above the inlet container 7 connected to the inlet position of the heat absorber 3 quickly squeezes the molten salt into the heat absorber 3, maintaining the flow rate of the heat absorber 3 for 60s. The diesel generator 15 starts and reaches the rated power within 15 seconds, supporting the heliostat field 1 to complete the defocusing action within 45 seconds, thereby ensuring that the heat absorber 3 safely exits operation.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, the utility model provides a molten salt tower solar thermal power station absorber power failure protection system. Figure 2 The conventional solution shown removes the inlet container and the air compressor system 6 , changes the backup power supply from the diesel generator 15 to a UPS power supply 17 , and changes the fast-closing butterfly valve 5 at the outlet of the molten salt pump 4 to a check valve 16 .

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, the utility model is a molten salt tower solar thermal power station absorber power failure protection system, including a heliostat field 1, an absorber 3, a molten salt pump 4, a check valve 16, an ascending pipe 10, a descending pipe 11, an outlet container 12, a salt release valve 13, a UPS power supply 17 and a power grid 14.

[0053] The heliostat field 1 is installed on the ground to collect solar energy.

[0054] The heat absorber 3 is installed on the top of the heat absorption tower 2 to absorb the solar energy concentrated by the heliostat field 1 and heat the working fluid.

[0055] The molten salt pump 4 is a cold salt pump, which is used to pump low-temperature molten salt into the heat absorber 3 through the riser 10 to form a circulation of the heat transfer medium.

[0056] The check valve 16 is installed at the outlet end of the molten salt pump 4. When the molten salt pump 4 stops running due to a power outage, the check valve 16 will automatically close to prevent the molten salt on the tower from flowing back. The molten salt in the riser 10 and the absorber 3 will be forced to remain in the pipeline and the absorber.

[0057] The UPS power supply 17 is installed in the heliostat field 1 as an online standby. Once the power failure signal of the whole plant is triggered, the UPS power supply 17 can be quickly switched in, and all the heliostats in the heliostat field 1 can be withdrawn within a few seconds.

[0058] The UPS power supply 17 is normally powered by the power grid 14, and switches to battery power supply in the event of a power outage or emergency.

[0059] The power of the UPS power supply 17 should be able to meet the dual-axis rotation of all heliostats at the same time.

[0060] The capacity of the UPS power supply 17 should be able to meet the maximum power of all heliostats to maintain operation for 15 minutes.

[0061] The UPS power supply 17 should also ensure that the communication network between the heliostat local controller and the host computer is not interrupted when the mirror field is powered off.

[0062] The salt-dispersing valve 13 is installed on the corresponding salt-dispersing pipeline. When the whole field is powered off, the mirror field UPS power supply 17 ensures that the mirror field is quickly defocused to the "post-heat" state. When the mirror field reaches the "post-heat" state, the salt-dispersing valve 13 is opened to allow the molten salt to be discharged from the pipeline and equipment back to the molten salt storage tank to prevent the molten salt from solidifying in the pipeline and equipment.

[0063] like Figure 4 The following figure shows a typical 500,000 m 2 Mirror field, when the single-axis pitch mirror is removed, the mirror field removal ratio at different solar altitude angles and different defocusing times. It can be seen that the single-axis pitch mirror removal speed is very fast, and the removal time is 5 seconds to basically remove more than 95% of the heliostats in the mirror field, ensuring the safety of the receiver.

[0064] See also Figure 5 The working process of the power-off protection system of a tower-type molten salt heat absorber of the utility model is as follows:

[0065] After the UPS power supply 17 feeds back a power-off signal for the entire field, the non-return valve 16 at the outlet of the molten salt pump 4 is closed, and the mirror field automatically executes the "power-off protection mirror removal" process.

[0066] The host computer calculates the post-heating strategy according to the time and the solar normal direct radiation value (DNI) value, and determines whether the mirror field is in the tracking state.

[0067] If the mirror field is in the tracking state, the "post-heat" command is sent to the heliostats included in the post-heat strategy, and the "power-off protection mirror withdrawal" command is sent to other online heliostats. After the post-heat state is maintained for 5 minutes, the "power-off protection mirror withdrawal" command is sent to all heliostats in the "post-heat" state.

[0068] If the mirror field is not in tracking state, a "power-off protection mirror removal" command is sent to all online heliostats.

[0069] After receiving the "power-off protection mirror removal" command, the heliostat judges the status register. For the heliostats in the "maintenance", "local control", "cleaning" and "flat storage" states, they remain motionless. For the heliostats in other states, the single axis of the pitch axis is leveled and then stopped. After reaching the position, the status feedback of the heliostat is "power-off protection mirror removal".

[0070] After all the heliostats in the field have completed the "power-off protection mirror removal", the operator can manually send "collect" commands to the mirror field in batches according to the remaining power capacity of the UPS power supply 17, so that the azimuth axis of the heliostat faces the tower.

[0071] After the check valve 16 is closed for 5 seconds, the salt drain valve 13 is opened to drain the molten salt in the absorber and the pipeline to prevent the molten salt from solidifying.

[0072] When the utility model is in use, in a molten salt tower solar thermal power station, if the whole field is powered off while the absorber 3 is running, the molten salt pump 4 stops pumping, and the non-return valve 16 at the outlet of the molten salt pump 4 automatically closes to prevent the molten salt on the tower from flowing back, and the mirror field UPS power supply 17 ensures that the heliostat mirror field 1 is quickly defocused to the "post-heat" state within 5 seconds, protecting the absorber 3 from being burned. When the mirror field 1 reaches the "post-heat" state, the salt drain valve 13 is opened to allow the molten salt to be discharged from the pipeline and equipment back to the molten salt storage tank to prevent the molten salt from solidifying in the pipeline and equipment.

[0073] The above is a detailed introduction to a molten salt tower solar thermal power station absorber power failure protection system provided by the embodiment of the present application. The description of the above embodiment is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present application; at the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0074] For example, certain words are used in the specification and claims to refer to specific components. Those skilled in the art should understand that hardware manufacturers may use different nouns to refer to the same component. This specification and claims do not use differences in names as a way to distinguish components, but use differences in the functions of components as the criteria for distinction. As mentioned throughout the specification and claims, "including" and "comprising" are open-ended terms, so they should be interpreted as "including / including but not limited to". "Approximately" means that within an acceptable error range, those skilled in the art can solve the technical problem within a certain error range and basically achieve the technical effect. The subsequent description of the specification is a preferred embodiment of the present application, but the description is for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the present application, and is not used to limit the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application shall be determined by the definition of the attached claims.

[0075] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a product or system including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such a product or system. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the product or system including the elements.

[0076] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0077] The above description shows and describes several preferred embodiments of the present application, but as mentioned above, it should be understood that the present application is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the application concept described herein through the above teachings or the technology or knowledge of the relevant field. The changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present application, and should be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present application.

Claims

1. A molten salt tower solar thermal power station absorber power failure protection system, characterized in that: The heat absorber power failure protection system comprises: A molten salt control module, a heliostat field control module, a heliostat field module and a heat absorption module, wherein the molten salt control module is connected to the heat absorption module, and the heliostat field control module is connected to the heat absorption module via the heliostat field module; The molten salt control module comprises a check valve and a molten salt pump, wherein the check valve is arranged between the molten salt pump and the heat absorption module; The heliostat field control module includes a UPS power supply and a controller. The UPS power supply is connected to the heliostat field module through the controller, and the controller is also connected to the check valve.

2. The molten salt tower solar thermal power station absorber power failure protection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heliostat field control module also includes an external power grid, and the external power grid is connected to the controller in parallel with the UPS power supply.

3. The molten salt tower solar thermal power station absorber power failure protection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of heliostats are arranged in the heliostat field module, and the heliostats are simultaneously focused on the heat absorption module.

4. The molten salt tower solar thermal power station absorber power failure protection system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The heat absorption module comprises a heat absorption tower and a heat absorber. The heat absorber is arranged on the top of the heat absorption tower, and a plurality of heliostats are arranged around the bottom of the heat absorption tower.

5. The molten salt tower solar thermal power station absorber power failure protection system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The molten salt control module also includes a riser, one end of which is connected to a check valve, and the other end of which is connected to an inlet of a heat absorber.

6. The molten salt tower solar thermal power station absorber power failure protection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat absorber power failure protection system further includes a molten salt collection module, wherein the molten salt collection module includes an outlet container connected to the outlet of the heat absorber.

7. The molten salt tower solar thermal power station absorber power failure protection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The absorber power-off protection system also includes an energy collection and recovery module, which includes a downcomer, a thermal generator and a molten salt recovery pipeline. The upper end of the downcomer is connected to the outlet of the absorber, and the lower end is connected to the molten salt recovery pipeline. The thermal generator is arranged in the middle of the downcomer.

8. The molten salt tower solar thermal power station absorber power failure protection system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The energy collection and recovery module also includes a salt-repelling valve, and the upper end of the downcomer is also connected to the inlet of the heat absorber and the outlet of the riser through the salt-repelling valve.

9. The molten salt tower solar thermal power station absorber power failure protection system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The molten salt recovery pipeline is connected to the molten salt pump.

10. The molten salt tower solar thermal power station absorber power failure protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molten salt pump is a cold salt pump.

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