Ecological landscape protection slope for preventing and controlling water and soil loss of small river channel

Abstract

The ecological landscape protection slope comprises geotechnical cloth laid at the bottom of the river channel and below the protection slope, and a pebble protection bottom which is located above the geotechnical cloth and is 30 cm in thickness is laid at the bottom of the river channel. A stone-laying revetment is arranged on the side edge of the river channel, and an ecological grass-planting revetment is arranged on a side slope above the stone-laying revetment; an ecological isolation belt is arranged above the ecological grass planting protection slope, and a shortcut is arranged on the flat ground beside the ecological isolation belt; protective barriers are arranged on the sides, close to the riverway, of the stone-laying revetments, and aquatic plants are planted at the bottom of the riverway; a plurality of steps are arranged on the protection slope, and the lowest positions of the steps are connected with water-passing stepping stones penetrating through a river channel. The device can resist water body scouring, can effectively reduce sloping in a river channel, and prevents the overflow area of the river channel from being reduced; the ecological stability is high, the landscape effect is rich, and the hydrophilicity and the interactivity are good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of river slope protection, and more particularly to an ecological landscape slope protection for preventing soil erosion in small rivers. Background Technique

[0002] Ecological slope protection refers to the protection and reinforcement of the surface layer of a slope through the interaction of plant roots with rock and soil masses, enabling it to not only meet the stability of the slope surface layer but also restore the damaged natural ecological environment, and it is an effective means of slope protection and slope stabilization.

[0003] Traditional small - river slope protection methods mostly adopt rigid vertical slope protection methods, hardening the river bottom and both - bank slope protections. The slope surface structure is relatively single, the river - bank landscape is poor, the ecological stability is low, and the traditional slope - protection structure has simple functions and does not consider hydrophilic and waterside facilities, making it impossible for people to participate, with poor hydrophilicity and interactivity.

[0004] With the development of technology and the continuous enhancement of people's awareness of ecological environmental protection, current small - river slope protection mostly adopts grass - planting slope protection. However, with rainwater scouring and infiltration, it is easy to cause soil erosion on the surface of the slope protection. Therefore, the existing river slope protection has problems such as a relatively single slope surface structure, easy soil erosion, poor river - bank landscape, low ecological stability, poor hydrophilicity, and poor interactivity.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an ecological landscape slope protection for preventing soil erosion in small rivers. Content of the Utility Model

[0006] The technical problem that the utility model needs to solve is to provide an ecological landscape slope protection for preventing soil erosion in small rivers to solve the problems in the background technique.

[0007] To solve the above - mentioned technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the utility model are as follows.

[0008] An ecological landscape slope protection for preventing soil erosion in small rivers includes a geotextile laid at the bottom of the river and below the slope protection. And at the bottom of the river, there is a pebble bottom protection with a thickness of 30 cm located above the geotextile; on the side of the river, there is a masonry revetment used as a hydrophilic platform walkway, and on the slope above the masonry revetment, there is an ecological grass - planting slope protection; above the ecological grass - planting slope protection, there is an ecological isolation belt, and a footpath is set on the flat ground beside the ecological isolation belt; on the side of the masonry revetment close to the river, there is a protective railing extending along the river direction, vertically arranged, with a height of 1.1 m, and aquatic plants are planted at the bottom of the river; on the slope protection, there are several steps leading from the footpath to the river bank, and the lowest part of the steps is connected to a water - passing stepping stone passing through the river.

[0009] Further optimize the technical solution. The geotextile is an anti-filter geotextile with a weight of 400 g / ㎡, and fine-grained soil is backfilled around the geotextile.

[0010] Further optimize the technical solution. The width of the stone revetment is greater than 1.2 m. The stone revetment includes a first landscape stone laid at the bottom slope foot of the ecological grass-planting slope protection. Two layers of second landscape stones are laid in a staggered manner below the first landscape stone, and the combined parts of the stones are bonded with M10 cement mortar. The voids of the stones are backfilled with cultivated soil.

[0011] Further optimize the technical solution. The thickness of the first landscape stone is 0.4 - 0.5 m, the width is greater than or equal to 0.4 m, the thickness of the second landscape stone is greater than or equal to 0.8 m, and the width is greater than or equal to 1.6 m.

[0012] Further optimize the technical solution. The cultivated soil is mixed with tall fescue and Kentucky bluegrass seeds in a ratio of 1:1, and the weight of the seeds mixed in 1 m 3 of the cultivated soil is 0.1 kg.

[0013] Further optimize the technical solution. The access path is 1.5 m wide, and permeable bricks with dimensions of 200 mm * 100 * 60 mm are laid on the surface layer; curb stones with dimensions of 500 mm * 250 mm * 100 mm are arranged on both sides of the access path, and the curb stones are made of C20 precast concrete.

[0014] Further optimize the technical solution. The steps are 2 m wide, 300 mm wide, and 150 mm high. The steps are made of concrete, and the spacing between adjacent steps is 200 m.

[0015] Further optimize the technical solution. The water-crossing stepping stones are made of natural landscape stones. Each stone has dimensions of 1.5 m in length, 0.5 m in width, and a height of not less than 0.8 m, and the spacing between the natural landscape stones is 0.3 m.

[0016] Further optimize the technical solution. The ecological isolation belt is planted with arbors, flowering shrubs, small shrubs, and herbaceous flowers. The arbor is a weeping willow, the flowering shrub is a forsythia, the small shrub is an euonymus, and the herbaceous flowers are iris and daylily planted at intervals, and euonymus globes are planted in the upper layer; the ecological grass-planting slope protection area is planted with herbaceous flowers such as orychophragmus violaceus, coreopsis, and sulfur cosmos, and euonymus globes are locally dotted.

[0017] Further optimize the technical solution. Cattail, softstem bulrush, hornwort, hydrilla verticillata, and potamogeton distinctus are planted in the river channel, and the emergent plant water lily is planted near the steps; mussels, snails, silver carp, and bighead carp are put into the water area.

[0018] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the technical progress achieved by the present utility model is as follows.

[0019] An ecological landscape slope protection for preventing soil and water loss in small rivers provided by the utility model can effectively improve the flood control ability of the slope protection of small rivers by combining ecological plants and stacked masonry; laying pebble bottom protection at the river bottom and combining with planting aquatic plants can ensure its water permeability and play a role in solidifying soil and water; through the setting of slope protection steps and hydrophilic platform footpaths, people can enter the footpaths for viewing, improving the hydrophilicity and interactivity of the slope protection. The utility model can resist water body scouring, effectively reduce the slope into the river, and prevent the reduction of the cross-sectional area of the river; it has the characteristics of high ecological stability, rich landscape effects, good hydrophilicity and interactivity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 is a top view of the utility model;

[0022] Wherein: 1, ecological grass planting slope protection, 2, masonry revetment, 3, access road, 4, ecological isolation belt, 5, protective railing, 6, pebble bottom protection, 7, aquatic plants, 8, geotextile, 9, steps, 10, water-passing stepping stones, 21, first landscape stone, 22, second landscape stone, 11, river. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0023] The following will further describe the utility model in detail in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] An ecological landscape slope protection for preventing soil and water loss in small rivers, in combination with Figures 1 to 2 as shown, includes ecological grass planting slope protection 1, masonry revetment 2, access road 3, ecological isolation belt 4, protective railing 5, pebble bottom protection 6, aquatic plants 7, geotextile 8, steps 9, water-passing stepping stones 10, first landscape stone 21, second landscape stone 22, river 11.

[0025] The geotextile 8 is laid at the bottom of the river 11 and below the slope protection. The geotextile 8 uses a 400g / ㎡ filter geotextile 8, and fine-grained soil is backfilled around the geotextile 8 to ensure that the geotextile 8 is not punctured.

[0026] The river 11 bottom is paved with a pebble bottom protection 6 with a thickness of 30 cm, and the pebble bottom protection 6 is located above the geotextile 8.

[0027] There is a stone revetment 2 for use as a hydrophilic platform walkway on the side of the river channel 11, and the width of the stone revetment 2 is greater than 1.2 m. The stone revetment 2 has good anti-scouring and water permeability, thereby further enhancing the flood control effect and stability of the slope protection of the small river channel 11; the stone revetment 2 stacked with stones can increase the porosity of the stones and provide a living place for the organisms in the river channel 11. The stone revetment 2 includes a first landscape stone 21 laid at the bottom slope foot of the ecological grass-planting slope protection. The thickness of the first landscape stone 21 is 0.4 - 0.5 m, and the width is greater than or equal to 0.4 m. Two layers of second landscape stones 22 arranged in a staggered manner are laid below the first landscape stone 21. The thickness of the second landscape stone 22 is greater than or equal to 0.8 m, and the width is greater than or equal to 1.6 m.

[0028] The combined part of the stone is bonded with M10 cement mortar, and the voids of the stone are backfilled with cultivated soil. Tall fescue and annual bluegrass seeds in a ratio of 1:1 are incorporated into the cultivated soil, and 1 m 3 The weight of the grass seeds incorporated into the cultivated soil is 0.1 kg.

[0029] An ecological grass-planting slope protection 1 is provided on the slope above the stone revetment 2. The river channel 11 is 2.5 - 3.5 m deep. The slope ratios on both sides of the ecological grass-planting slope protection 1 are 1:1.5, and the longitudinal slope is 1:1500. Herbaceous flowers such as Orychophragmus violaceus, Cosmos bipinnatus, and Cockscomb are planted in the ecological grass-planting slope protection area, and Euonymus japonicus balls are locally dotted.

[0030] An ecological isolation belt 4 is provided above the ecological grass-planting slope protection 1 for isolating non-point source pollutants. Trees, flower shrubs, small shrubs, and herbaceous flowers are planted in the ecological isolation belt 4. The tree is Salix babylonica, the flower shrub is Forsythia suspensa, the small shrub is Euonymus japonicus, and the herbaceous flowers are Iris tectorum and Hemerocallis fulva planted at intervals, and Euonymus japonicus balls are planted in the upper layer.

[0031] A access path 3 is provided on the flat ground beside the ecological isolation belt 4; the access path 3 is 1.5 m wide, and the surface layer is paved with permeable bricks with dimensions of 200 mm * 100 * 60 mm. Road curbs with dimensions of 500 mm * 250 mm * 100 mm are arranged on both sides of the access path 3, and the road curbs are made of C20 precast concrete.

[0032] A 1.1m high guardrail 5 is provided on the side of the stone revetment 2 near the river channel 11, extending along the river channel 11 and arranged vertically. Aquatic plants 7 are planted at the bottom of the river channel 11; cattail, water plantain, duckweed, black algae, and duckweed are planted in the river channel 11, and water lilies are planted near the steps 9, all of which are emergent plants with strong purification ability, easy survival, and extensive management. Clams, snails, silver carp, and bighead carp are placed in the water area to improve the exchange capacity, dissolved oxygen, and water transparency of the water body, extend the food chain, improve the ecosystem, and improve the ecological purification effect. The river channel 11 is also a suitable breeding place for microorganisms. The organisms and aquatic plants 7 can purify the water quality, remove organic matter such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water, improve the ecological stability of the small river channel 11, and enrich its ecological landscape effect.

[0033] A number of steps 9 leading from the footpath 3 to the river channel 11 are arranged on the ecological grass slope protection 1. The steps 9 are 2 meters wide, 300 mm wide and 150 mm high. The steps 9 are made of concrete, and the overall spacing between each adjacent step 9 is 200m.

[0034] The lowest part of the steps 9 is connected with a water-passing stepping stone 10 that crosses the river channel 11. The water-passing stepping stone 10 is made of natural landscape stones. The size of each stone is 1.5m long, 0.5m wide, and not less than 0.8m high, and the stone spacing of the natural landscape stones is 0.3m.

[0035] When constructing the access road 3 in the utility model, the roadbed is first leveled and compacted, and then graded gravel is laid in two layers, and finally permeable brick blocks are laid, and the seams are swept with coarse sand and sealed with water.

[0036] When constructing the water-passing step 10, first level and compact the site, then lay 50mm thick C20 thick concrete, and finally lay natural landscape stones.

[0037] The stone revetment 2, steps 9 and water-crossing stepping stones 10 can be used for people to relax and enjoy, creating an open space that is interconnected and providing a green, hydrophilic space near the water.

[0038] The utility model achieves the function of intercepting initial rainwater and blocking surface source pollutants through measures such as ecological bank protection, plant community restoration and habitat creation. At the same time, by constructing a rich biological community, the surrounding environment is improved and a green waterfront space system is created.

Claims

1. An ecological landscape slope protection for preventing and controlling soil erosion in a small river, characterized by: The invention comprises geotechnical materials (8) laid at the bottom of a river channel (11) and below a slope protection, and a pebble bottom protection (6) with a thickness of 30 cm and located above the geotechnical materials (8) is laid at the bottom of the river channel (11); a stone revetment (2) used as a hydrophilic platform walkway is arranged at the side of the river channel (11); an ecological grass slope protection (1) is arranged on the slope above the stone revetment (2); an ecological isolation zone (4) is arranged above the ecological grass slope protection (1); and the ecological isolation zone (4) is provided on the side of the river channel (11). (4) A footpath (3) is arranged on the flat ground next to the river channel (11); a protective railing (5) extending in the direction of the river channel (11), arranged vertically and 1.1 m high is arranged on the side of the stone revetment (2) close to the river channel (11); aquatic plants (7) are planted at the bottom of the river channel (11); a plurality of steps (9) are arranged on the revetment leading from the footpath (3) to the river channel (11); the lowest part of the steps (9) is connected to a water-crossing step (10) that crosses the river channel (11).

2. The ecological landscape slope protection for preventing and controlling soil erosion in a small river according to claim 1 is characterized by: The geotextile (8) is a 400g / ㎡ anti-filtration geotextile (8), and fine-grained soil is backfilled around the geotextile (8).

3. The ecological landscape slope protection for preventing and controlling soil erosion in a small river according to claim 2 is characterized by: The width of the stone revetment (2) is greater than 1.2 m. The stone revetment (2) comprises a first landscape stone (21) laid at the foot of the bottom of the ecological grass slope protection, two layers of staggered second landscape stone (22) are laid below the first landscape stone (21), and the stone joints are bonded with M10 cement mortar, and the gaps between the stones are backfilled with cultivated soil.

4. The ecological landscape slope protection for preventing and controlling soil erosion in a small river according to claim 3 is characterized by: The thickness of the first landscape stone (21) is 0.4-0.5m, and the width is greater than or equal to 0.4m; the thickness of the second landscape stone (22) is greater than or equal to 0.8m, and the width is greater than or equal to 1.6m.

5. The ecological landscape slope protection for preventing and controlling soil erosion in a small river according to claim 3 is characterized by: The cultivated soil is mixed with tall fescue and bluegrass seeds in a ratio of 1:1, and 1m 3 The weight of grass seeds mixed into the cultivated soil is 0.1 kg.

6. The ecological landscape slope protection for preventing and controlling soil erosion in a small river according to claim 1 is characterized by: The access road (3) is 1.5m wide, and the surface layer is paved with permeable bricks with a size of 200mm*100*60mm; curbs with a size of 500mm*250mm*100mm are arranged on both sides of the access road (3), and the curbs are made of C20 precast concrete material.

7. The ecological landscape slope protection for preventing and controlling soil erosion in a small river according to claim 1 is characterized by: The step (9) is 2 meters wide, 300 mm wide and 150 mm high. The step (9) is made of concrete, and the distance between each adjacent step (9) is 200 meters.

8. The ecological landscape slope protection for preventing and controlling soil erosion in a small river according to claim 1 is characterized by: The water-passing step (10) is made of natural landscape stones, each stone has a size of 1.5m in length, 0.5m in width, and a height of not less than 0.8m, and the distance between the natural landscape stones is 0.3m.

9. The ecological landscape slope protection for preventing and controlling soil erosion in a small river according to claim 1 is characterized by: The ecological isolation zone (4) is planted with trees, flowering shrubs, small shrubs, and herbaceous flowers. The trees are weeping willows, the flowering shrubs are forsythias, the small shrubs are euonymus, and the herbaceous flowers are irises and daylilies planted at intervals, and euonymus bulbs are planted on the upper layer; the ecological grass-planted slope protection area is planted with herbaceous flowers such as February orchids, cosmos, and sulphureus, and is partially dotted with euonymus bulbs.

10. The ecological landscape slope protection for preventing and controlling soil erosion in a small river according to claim 1, characterized in that: Cattails, water plantains, duckweed, black algae, and pondweed are planted in the river channel, and water lilies, which are emergent plants, are planted near the steps (9); clams, snails, silver carp, and bighead carp are placed in the water area.

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