Falling body type lower impact device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a falling body type lower impact device. The falling body type lower impact device comprises a pressure body and an impact body, the pressure body and the impact body are both matched with the drill rod, the pressure body sleeves the upper part of the drill rod, and the impact body is connected to the lower part of the drill rod; the pressure body can move in the axial direction of the drill rod, and when the pressure body does free falling motion downwards in the axial direction of the drill rod, the pressure body impacts the impacting body and drives the impacting body to impact the clamping point. Downward-moving jarring force generated by the falling body type lower impact device is large, jam releasing can be rapidly assisted, the situation that a traditional hydraulic type lower impact device vibrates by mistake under the normal working condition is avoided, and potential safety hazards are reduced. In addition, the lower impact device can be manufactured through idle tools, is simple in structure, low in production and maintenance cost and easy to manufacture and transport, and facilitates jam releasing in a well site.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of oil drilling, in particular to a free-fall type jar. Background Art

[0002] In drilling operations, pipe sticking is a relatively common but serious event. Pipe sticking may be caused by various reasons. For example, differential pressure pipe sticking occurs when the differential pressure between the liquid column pressure and the formation pressure causes the drill string to stick tightly to the wellbore wall; sand sticking occurs when the cuttings at the bottom of the well cannot be effectively circulated out of the wellbore in time and bury the bit or stabilizer; reduced diameter pipe sticking occurs when the well diameter shrinks, and when tripping in or out to a small hole section, the bit cannot pass through. If pipe sticking cannot be handled in time, it will affect the drilling production efficiency and cost at least, and affect the output of production wells, or even lead to abandonment at worst. Therefore, quickly and effectively handling pipe sticking is an important measure to ensure the normal production of oil and gas fields.

[0003] In the prior art, a hydraulic jar is used. The traditional hydraulic jar stores energy by the top drive pressing down the drill string to compress the hydraulic oil in the jar. When the pressure exceeds the rated value, the energy storage valve opens to release energy, thereby generating a shock. However, this method has the problems of relatively small shock force, short service life, inability to meet the characteristics of continuous shock, and high purchase cost and maintenance cost of the hydraulic jar, with a low performance-price ratio.

[0004] Therefore, based on the above technical problems, those skilled in the art urgently need to develop a free-fall type jar. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a free-fall type jar, which has a larger downward shock force, can assist in pipe release more quickly, and avoids the mis-shock of the traditional hydraulic jar under normal working conditions, reducing potential safety hazards.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A free-fall type jar of the utility model includes:

[0008] A pressure body and an impact body;

[0009] Both the pressure body and the impact body are matched with the drill pipe. The pressure body is sleeved on the upper part of the drill pipe, and the impact body is connected to the lower part of the drill pipe;

[0010] The pressure body can move axially along the drill pipe. When the pressure body moves downward in free fall along the axis of the drill pipe, the pressure body impacts the impact body and drives the impact body to impact the stuck point.

[0011] Further, the pressure body includes:

[0012] A casing located at the central position and extending along the axial direction of the pressure body; and

[0013] A plurality of counterweight blocks sleeved outside the casing and arranged along the axial direction of the casing;

[0014] The lower end portion of the casing extends outside the counterweight blocks, and the plurality of counterweight blocks are connected by connecting members;

[0015] A lifting ring is provided at the upper end of the pressure body, and the lifting ring cooperates with an external hoisting device to drive the pressure body to move upward along the axial direction of the drill pipe through the external hoisting device.

[0016] Further, the counterweight blocks are in the form of flange plates;

[0017] A plurality of first flange plates are arranged along the axial direction of the casing, and the plurality of first flange plates are connected by a plurality of connecting screws, and fastening nuts are installed at both ends of the connecting screws.

[0018] Further, a certain gap is reserved between one of the first flange plates at the upper end of the pressure body and the adjacent first flange plate;

[0019] The lifting ring passes through the first flange plate at the upper end of the pressure body and partially extends into the reserved gap.

[0020] Further, the impact body includes:

[0021] A short drill collar located at the lower part;

[0022] A weighing surface fixedly connected to the upper end of the short drill collar, and the weighing surface is a second flange plate; and

[0023] A drill pipe connecting body connected to the upper end of the second flange plate;

[0024] The impact body is connected to the lower end of the drill pipe through the drill pipe connecting body.

[0025] Further, the inner diameter of the casing is larger than the outer diameter of the drill pipe connecting body;

[0026] When the pressure body falls freely, the pressure body impacts the second flange plate of the impact body to drive the impact body to move downward and impact the stuck point through the short drill collar.

[0027] In the above technical solution, a drop-type down-the-hole hammer provided by the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The downhole hammer of the present utility model generates a relatively large downward impact force, which can assist in releasing stuck pipes more quickly, and avoids the situation of accidental vibration of traditional hydraulic downhole hammers under normal working conditions, reducing potential safety hazards. In addition, this downhole hammer can be made using idle tools, has a simple structure, low production and maintenance costs, is easy to manufacture and transport, and is convenient for use in releasing stuck pipes at the well site. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present utility model, and those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure body of the downhole hammer of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the impact body of the downhole hammer of the present application.

[0032] Description of the reference numerals:

[0033] 1. Pressure body; 2. Impact body;

[0034] 101. Casing; 102. First flange; 103. Connecting screw; 104. Fastening nut; 105. Lifting ring;

[0035] 201. Short drill collar; 202. Second flange; 203. Drill pipe connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0036] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present utility model, the following will further introduce the present utility model in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0037] See Figures 1 to 2 as shown;

[0038] This embodiment discloses a downhole hammer, which includes:

[0039] A pressure body 1 and an impact body 2;

[0040] Both the pressure body 1 and the impact body 2 are matched with the drill pipe, and the pressure body 1 is sleeved on the upper part of the drill pipe, and the impact body 2 is connected to the lower part of the drill pipe;

[0041] The pressure body 1 can move axially along the drill pipe. When the pressure body 1 makes a free fall movement axially downward along the drill pipe, the pressure body 1 impacts the impact body 2 and drives the impact body 2 to impact the stuck point.

[0042] Specifically, this embodiment discloses a free-fall jar, which includes a pressure body 1 and an impact body 2. The pressure body 1 is arranged at the upper part of the drill pipe, and the impact body 2 is arranged at the lower part of the drill pipe. At the same time, the pressure body 1 is movably connected to the drill pipe and can reciprocate up and down along the axial direction of the drill pipe. The impact body 2 is connected to the drill pipe. When the pressure body 1 moves downward in free fall, it can hit the impact body 2, causing the impact body 2 to generate an impact force to impact the stuck point, achieving the effect of releasing the stuck.

[0043] Preferably, the pressure body 1 of this embodiment includes:

[0044] A casing 101 located at the central position and extending along the axial direction of the pressure body 1; and

[0045] A plurality of counterweight blocks sleeved outside the casing 101 and arranged along the axial direction of the casing 101;

[0046] The lower end portion of the casing extends outside the counterweight blocks, and the plurality of counterweight blocks are connected by connecting members;

[0047] A lifting ring 105 is provided at the upper end of the pressure body 1. The lifting ring 105 cooperates with an external lifting device to drive the pressure body 1 to move upward along the axial direction of the drill pipe through the external lifting device.

[0048] Among them, the counterweight blocks of this embodiment adopt flange plates;

[0049] A plurality of first flange plates 102 are arranged along the axial direction of the casing 101, and the plurality of first flange plates 102 are connected by a plurality of connecting screws 103. Fastening nuts 104 are installed at both ends of the connecting screws 103.

[0050] In order to be able to integrate the above-mentioned lifting ring 105, a certain gap is reserved between a first flange plate 102 at the upper end of the pressure body 1 and its adjacent first flange plate 102;

[0051] The lifting ring 105 passes through the first flange plate 102 at the upper end of the pressure body 1 and partially extends into the reserved gap.

[0052] This embodiment further defines the structure of the pressure body 1. Its center is a casing 101, and 16 first flange plates 102 are sleeved outside the casing 101. The 16 first flange plates 102 serve as the counterweight structure of the pressure body 1, enabling it to have a large enough impact force during free fall. The 16 first flange plates 102 are connected by a plurality of connecting screws 103 and locked by the fastening nuts 104 at both ends. The lifting ring 105 at the upper end of the pressure body 1 cooperates with an external lifting device. After the pressure body 1 is hoisted and contacts the hoisting force, the pressure body 1 can move downward in free fall and hit the impact body 2, thereby driving the impact body 2 to impact the stuck point.

[0053] Preferably, the impact body 2 of this embodiment includes:

[0054] The short drill collar 201 located at the lower part;

[0055] The weighing surface fixedly connected to the upper end of the short drill collar 201, and the weighing surface is the second flange 202; and

[0056] The drill pipe connector 203 connected to the upper end of the second flange 202;

[0057] The impact body 2 is connected to the lower end of the drill pipe through the drill pipe connector 203.

[0058] In order to realize the cooperation of the pressure body 1, the drill pipe and the impact body 2, the inner diameter of the casing 101 in this embodiment is larger than the outer diameter of the drill pipe connector 203;

[0059] When the pressure body 1 falls freely, the pressure body 1 impacts the second flange 202 of the impact body 2 to drive the impact body 2 to move downward and impact the stuck point through the short drill collar 201.

[0060] This embodiment further defines the structure of the impact body 2. Its lower part is a short drill collar 201, and a weighing surface is welded and fixed to the upper end of the short drill collar 201. The weighing surface also uses a flange, that is, the above-mentioned second flange 202; and the upper end of the second flange 202 is connected to the drill pipe connector 203 connected to the drill pipe.

[0061] In this embodiment, the pressure body 1 is generally lifted to a height of 10m - 20m by an external hoisting device, and then directly impacts the second flange surface 202 of the impact body 2 after contacting the hoisting restraint. Finally, under the action of a strong impact force, the stuck point is impacted. After repeated shock vibration, the stuck point can be released.

[0062] The specific implementation method is as follows: Calculated based on the free fall distance of 20m of the free-fall type down-the-hole hammer, assuming that the impact time t between the down-the-hole hammer in this embodiment and the flange surface is approximately equal to 0.1s, the instantaneous speed is v, the object mass m = 3.7t = 3700kg, and the gravitational acceleration g = 9.8m / s 2 .

[0063] First, according to the velocity-displacement formula of free fall:

[0064]

[0065] Then according to the momentum theorem Ft = mv;

[0066] In the formula: F is the impact force; t is the impact time; m is the object mass; v is the velocity after collision;

[0067] According to the above formula, the impact force F can be obtained as:

[0068] F = mv / t = 3700×19.8 / t = 73260 / 0.1 = 73.3t.

[0069] It should be noted that the precondition for the application of these formulas is to only consider the action of gravity and ignore the influence of other factors such as air resistance. In actual situations, air resistance may have a certain impact on the falling of objects, especially for objects with relatively high speeds or large volumes.

[0070] In the above technical solution, a free-fall type jar provided by the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0071] The free-fall type jar of the present utility model generates a relatively large downward jarring force, which can assist in releasing stuck pipes more quickly and avoid the situation of false jarring of traditional hydraulic jars under normal working conditions, reducing potential safety hazards. In addition, this jar can be made using idle tools, has a simple structure, low production and maintenance costs, is easy to manufacture and transport, and is convenient for use in releasing stuck pipes at the well site.

[0072] Only some exemplary embodiments of the present utility model have been described by way of illustration above. Without doubt, for those of ordinary skill in the art, the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the above drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A falling-type striker, characterized in that: The drop-down striker includes: A pressure body (1) and an impact body (2); The pressure body (1) and the impact body (2) are both matched with the drill rod, and the pressure body (1) is sleeved on the upper part of the drill rod, and the impact body (2) is connected to the lower part of the drill rod; The pressure body (1) is capable of moving along the axial direction of the drill rod. When the pressure body (1) performs free fall motion downward along the axial direction of the drill rod, the pressure body (1) impacts the impact body (2) and drives the impact body (2) to impact a stuck point.

2. The falling-type striker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure body (1) comprises: a sleeve (101) located at a central position and extending axially along the pressure body (1); and A plurality of counterweight blocks sleeved on the outside of the sleeve (101) and arranged along the axial direction of the sleeve (101); The lower end portion of the sleeve (101) extends to the outside of the counterweight block, and a plurality of the counterweight blocks are connected by a connecting piece; A lifting ring (105) is provided at the upper end of the pressure body (1), and the lifting ring (105) cooperates with an external lifting device to drive the pressure body (1) to move upward along the axial direction of the drill pipe through the external lifting device.

3. The falling-type striker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The counterweight block adopts a flange plate; The sleeve (101) has a plurality of first flanges (102) arranged along its axial direction, and the plurality of first flanges (102) are connected via a plurality of connecting screws (103), and fastening nuts (104) are installed at both ends of the connecting screws (103).

4. The falling-type striker according to claim 3, characterized in that: A certain gap is reserved between the first flange (102) located at the upper end of the pressure body (1) and the adjacent first flange (102); The lifting ring (105) passes through the first flange (102) located at the upper end of the pressure body (1) and partially extends into the reserved gap.

5. The falling-type striker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The impact body (2) comprises: A short drill collar (201) located at the bottom; a weighing surface fixedly connected to the upper end of the short drill collar (201), the weighing surface being a second flange (202); and A drill pipe connector (203) connected to the upper end of the second flange (202); The impact body (2) is connected to the lower end of the drill rod via the drill rod connector (203).

6. The falling-type striker according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the casing (101) is greater than the outer diameter of the drill rod connector (203); When the pressure body (1) falls freely, the pressure body (1) hits the second flange (202) of the impact body (2) to drive the impact body (2) to move downward and impact the stuck point through the short drill collar (201).

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