Planetary reducer and engineering machinery

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of transmission equipment, and discloses a planetary reducer which comprises a first planet row, a first brake assembly, a second planet row and a second brake assembly, and a first sun gear of the first planet row is suitable for being coaxially, circumferentially and fixedly connected with an output shaft of a rotary driving assembly; the first brake assembly can brake a first planet carrier of the first planet row. A second sun gear of the second planet row is suitable for being coaxially, circumferentially and fixedly connected with an output shaft of a rotary driving assembly, a second planet carrier of the second planet row is connected with a first gear ring of the first planet row, and the second planet carrier of the second planet row is suitable for being in transmission connection with a hub; the second brake assembly can brake a second gear ring of the second planet row. According to the planetary reducer and the engineering machine, the problems that in the direction changing process of the engineering machine, the rotary driving assembly is prone to damage, and the experience feeling of a driver is poor can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of transmission equipment, and in particular to planetary reducers and engineering machinery. Background Art

[0002] Heavy machinery requires greater traction and lower speed during driving. For example, a 13-ton double-wheel roller requires a maximum output torque of 16,000 N·m or a maximum driving speed of 12 km / h during driving. However, the output torque of the hydraulic motor (i.e., the rotary drive component) is small and the speed is high. A reducer needs to be connected between the hydraulic motor and the steel wheel hub to achieve the high torque and low speed driving conditions required by the vehicle.

[0003] In the related technology, the reducer of heavy machinery is usually a two-stage or three-stage planetary reduction mechanism. The power is input from the hydraulic motor to the first-stage sun gear, and after being reduced in speed and torque increased by multiple-stage planetary gears, it is output from the final ring gear to drive the wheel hub. When the vehicle needs to reverse, the hydraulic motor controls the oil circuit in the reverse direction through the reversing valve, causing the hydraulic motor to rotate in the reverse direction, and the reducer reverses accordingly, thereby enabling the entire vehicle to reverse.

[0004] However, due to the high speed and relatively compact components of the hydraulic motor, the internal parts of the hydraulic motor are greatly impacted during the process of changing direction, and the hydraulic motor is easily damaged; and the feedback time of the hydraulic motor changing direction is long, and the driver's experience is poor. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the present application provides a planetary reducer and engineering machinery to improve the problem of easy damage to the rotating drive components during the direction change of the engineering machinery and the poor driver experience.

[0006] On the one hand, the present application provides a planetary reducer, including a first planetary row, a first brake assembly, a second planetary row and a second brake assembly, wherein the first sun gear of the first planetary row is suitable for being coaxially and circumferentially fixedly connected to the output shaft of a rotating drive assembly; the first brake assembly can brake the first planet carrier of the first planetary row; the second sun gear of the second planetary row is suitable for being coaxially and circumferentially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotating drive assembly, the second planet carrier of the second planetary row is connected to the first ring gear of the first planetary row, and the second planet carrier of the second planetary row is suitable for being connected to a wheel hub transmission; the second brake assembly can brake the second ring gear of the second planetary row.

[0007] Beneficial effects: By drivingly connecting both the first sun gear of the first planetary gear set and the sun gear of the second planetary gear set to the output shaft of the rotary drive assembly, connecting the first ring gear of the first planetary gear set to the planet carrier of the second planetary gear set, and braking the first planet carrier of the first planetary gear set and the second ring gear of the second planetary gear set respectively by the first braking assembly and the second braking assembly, it is possible to brake the first braking assembly and the second braking assembly respectively while the rotation direction of the output shaft of the rotary drive assembly remains unchanged, and to realize the rotation direction change of the second planet carrier of the second planetary gear set. Without changing the rotation direction of the rotary drive assembly, the output direction of the planetary reducer can be changed, thus avoiding the rotary drive assembly being easily damaged due to large impact force during direction change; and the change of the planetary gear reducer can be achieved only by changing the working states of the first braking assembly and the second braking assembly, and only the first ring gear and the second planet carrier perform the direction change action, with a small change in momentum, which can improve the direction change speed to enhance the driver experience.

[0008] In an alternative embodiment, a third planetary gear set is further included, and the second planet carrier is adapted to be drivingly connected to a wheel hub through the third planetary gear set.

[0009] Beneficial effects: The transmission ratio can be further increased through the third planetary gear set to increase the driving torque of heavy machinery and reduce the traveling speed.

[0010] In an alternative embodiment, the third ring gear of the third planetary gear set is fixedly arranged, the third sun gear of the third planetary gear set is drivingly connected to the second planet carrier of the second planetary gear set, and the second planet carrier is adapted to be drivingly connected to a wheel hub through the third planet carrier of the third planetary gear set.

[0011] Beneficial effects: Using the third sun gear of the third planetary gear set as the input and the third planet carrier as the output shaft is convenient for layout and fixation in heavy equipment.

[0012] In an alternative embodiment, the second planetary gear set is located between the first planetary gear set and the third planetary gear set.

[0013] Beneficial effects: The second planetary gear set being located between the first planetary gear set and the third planetary gear set can avoid sleeve transmission, simplify the layout scheme of each transmission component, and improve the service life of each transmission component.

[0014] In an alternative embodiment, the second planet carrier is connected to the first ring gear through a first connecting member, the second planet carrier is drivingly connected to a driving component in the third planetary gear set through a second connecting member, and the first planet carrier is connected to the first braking assembly through a third connecting member.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The second planet carrier is connected to the first ring gear and the driving component in the third planetary gear set through the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece respectively. The first planet carrier is connected to the first braking component through the third connecting piece. The structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0016] In an alternative embodiment, the first ring gear, the first connecting piece, the second connecting piece, and the driving component in the third planetary gear set are of an integrally formed structure.

[0017] Beneficial effects: By setting the first ring gear, the first connecting piece, the second connecting piece, and the driving component in the third planetary gear set as an integrally formed structure, the number of parts can be reduced, the assembly efficiency can be improved, and the reliability of power transmission between parts can be enhanced.

[0018] In an alternative embodiment, a clutch assembly is further included. The second planet carrier is connected to the first ring gear through the clutch assembly, and the clutch assembly can realize the connection and disconnection between the first ring gear and the second planet carrier.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The provision of the clutch assembly can avoid or reduce the rotation speed of the first ring gear in the braking state of the second braking component, thereby reducing the dispersion of the driving torque and improving the driving efficiency.

[0020] In an alternative embodiment, the first connecting piece includes a first part and a second part. The first part is connected to the first ring gear, the second part is connected to the second planet carrier, and the first part and the second part are connected through the clutch assembly.

[0021] Beneficial effects: The first connecting piece includes a first part and a second part, and the first part and the second part are connected through the clutch assembly, which is convenient for manufacturing and installation.

[0022] In an alternative embodiment, both the first braking component and the second braking component are multi-disc friction brakes; and / or, the clutch assembly is a multi-disc friction brake.

[0023] Beneficial effects: Both the first braking component and the second braking component are multi-disc friction brakes; and / or, the clutch assembly is a multi-disc friction brake. The friction discs of the multi-disc friction brake are smoothly coupled, with small shifting impact, which can further improve the driver experience. Moreover, it can be pressurized by hydraulic oil driven by a piston to achieve connection, and the driving method is simple.

[0024] On the other hand, the present application also provides a construction machinery, including the planetary speed reducer in any one of the above embodiments.

[0025] Beneficial effects: Since the construction machinery includes a planetary reducer and has the same effects as the planetary reducer, they will not be elaborated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the related art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the related art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a planetary reducer according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Description of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0029] 1. First planetary gear set; 2. Second planetary gear set; 3. Third planetary gear set; 4. Output shaft of the rotary drive assembly; 5. First braking assembly; 6. Second braking assembly; 7. Clutch assembly;

[0030] 101. First sun gear; 102. First planetary gear; 103. First planetary carrier; 104. First ring gear; 105. Third connecting member;

[0031] 201. Second sun gear; 202. Second planetary gear; 203. Second planetary carrier; 204. Second ring gear; 205. First connecting member; 206. Second connecting member;

[0032] 2051. First component; 2052. Second component;

[0033] 301. Third sun gear; 302. Third planetary gear; 303. Third planetary carrier; 304. Third ring gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] In the related technology, the reducer of heavy machinery is usually a two-stage or three-stage planetary reduction mechanism. The power is input from the hydraulic motor to the first-stage sun gear, and after being reduced in speed and torque increased by multiple-stage planetary gears, it is output from the final ring gear to drive the wheel hub. When the vehicle needs to reverse, the hydraulic motor controls the oil circuit in the reverse direction through the reversing valve, causing the hydraulic motor to rotate in the reverse direction, and the reducer reverses accordingly, thereby enabling the entire vehicle to reverse.

[0036] However, due to the high speed and relatively compact components of the hydraulic motor, the internal parts of the hydraulic motor are greatly impacted during the process of changing direction, and the hydraulic motor is easily damaged; and the feedback time of the hydraulic motor changing direction is long, and the driver's experience is poor.

[0037] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a planetary reducer and engineering machinery, which can improve the problem of easy damage to the rotating drive components during the direction change of the engineering machinery and the poor driver experience.

[0038] Combine the following Figure 1 , describing an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] According to an embodiment of the present application, on the one hand, a planetary reducer is provided, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a first planetary row 1, a first brake assembly 5, a second planetary row 2 and a second brake assembly 6. The first sun gear 101 of the first planetary row 1 is suitable for being coaxially and circumferentially fixedly connected to the output shaft 4 of the rotary drive assembly; the first brake assembly 5 can brake the first planet carrier 103 of the first planetary row 1; the second sun gear 201 of the second planetary row 2 is suitable for being coaxially and circumferentially fixedly connected to the output shaft 4 of the rotary drive assembly, the second planet carrier 203 of the second planetary row 2 is connected to the first ring gear 104 of the first planetary row 1, and the second planet carrier 203 of the second planetary row 2 is suitable for being connected to the wheel hub transmission; the second brake assembly 6 can brake the second ring gear 204 of the second planetary row 2.

[0040] Specifically, the first brake assembly 5 and the second brake assembly 6 are both multi-disc friction brakes; and / or, the clutch assembly 7 is a multi-disc friction brake; the friction plates of the multi-disc friction brake are smoothly coupled, and the gear shifting shock is small, which can further improve the driver's experience, and can be pressurized by hydraulic oil through piston drive to achieve connection, and the driving method is simple.

[0041] It is worth noting that the first planetary gear set 1 and the second planetary gear set 2 are both independent planetary gears.

[0042] It needs to be explained that “the first sun gear 101 of the first planetary row 1 is suitable for being coaxially circumferentially fixedly connected to the output shaft 4 of the rotary drive component” means that the first sun gear 101 is coaxially arranged with the output shaft 4 of the rotary drive component, and the first sun gear 101 cannot rotate around the output shaft 4 of the rotary drive component relative to the output shaft 4 of the rotary drive component; “the second sun gear 201 of the second planetary row 2 is suitable for being coaxially circumferentially fixedly connected to the output shaft 4 of the rotary drive component” means that the second sun gear 201 is coaxially arranged with the output shaft 4 of the rotary drive component, and the second sun gear 201 cannot rotate around the output shaft 4 of the rotary drive component relative to the output shaft 4 of the rotary drive component; in addition, the output shaft 4 of the rotary drive component is not necessarily coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft of the rotary drive component, and may be connected by a transmission chain or the like.

[0043] In the specific work process, Figure 1 As shown, the rotary drive component rotates in a first rotation direction to simultaneously drive the first sun gear 101 and the second sun gear 201 to rotate in the first rotation direction. If the first brake component 5 is braked and the second brake component 6 is not braked, at this time, the power output by the output shaft 4 of the rotary drive component is decelerated and transmitted to the first ring gear 104 through the first sun gear 101 and the first planetary gear 102, and the first ring gear 104 rotates in the second rotation direction, wherein the second rotation direction is opposite to the first rotation direction, and then transmitted to the second planetary carrier 203 through the first ring gear 104 to output in the second rotation direction, that is, to achieve the reverse gear; if the first brake component 5 is not braked and the second brake component 6 is braked, at this time, the power output by the output shaft 4 of the rotary drive component is decelerated and transmitted to the second planetary carrier 203 through the second sun gear 201 and the second planetary gear 202, and the second planetary carrier 203 rotates in the first rotation direction for output, that is, to achieve the forward gear.

[0044] In this embodiment, if Figure 1As shown, the first sun gear 101 of the first planetary gear set 1 and the sun gear of the second planetary gear set 2 are both drivingly connected to the output shaft 4 of the rotary drive assembly. The first ring gear 104 of the first planetary gear set 1 is connected to the planet carrier of the second planetary gear set 2. The first brake assembly 5 and the second brake assembly 6 respectively brake the first planet carrier 103 of the first planetary gear set 1 and the second ring gear 204 of the second planetary gear set 2. Thus, it is possible to realize that when the rotation direction of the output shaft 4 of the rotary drive assembly remains unchanged, the first brake assembly 5 and the second brake assembly 6 respectively perform braking, and the rotation direction of the second planet carrier 203 of the second planetary gear set 2 can be changed. Without changing the rotation direction of the rotary drive assembly, the output direction of the planetary reducer can be changed, thereby avoiding damage to the rotary drive assembly due to large impact force during direction change. Moreover, the change in the planetary gear reducer is achieved only by changing the working states of the first brake assembly 5 and the second brake assembly 6. Only the first ring gear 104 and the second planet carrier 203 perform the direction change action, and the change in momentum is small, which can improve the direction change speed and enhance the driver's experience.

[0045] In one embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the planetary reducer further includes a third planetary gear set 3. The second planet carrier 203 is adapted to be drivingly connected to the wheel hub through the third planetary gear set 3.

[0046] It should be noted that the function of the third planetary gear set 3 is to further reduce the speed and increase the transmission ratio. Thus, generally, the second planet carrier 203 is connected to the deceleration input end of the third planetary gear set 3, such as the third sun gear 301 or the third planet carrier 303 of the third planetary gear set 3, etc. The third planetary gear set 3 is provided with third planetary gears 302.

[0047] In this embodiment, the transmission ratio can be further increased through the third planetary gear set 3 to increase the driving torque of the heavy machinery.

[0048] In one embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the third ring gear 304 of the third planetary gear set 3 is fixedly arranged. The third sun gear 301 of the third planetary gear set 3 is drivingly connected to the second planet carrier 203 of the second planetary gear set 2. The second planet carrier 203 is adapted to be drivingly connected to the wheel hub through the third planet carrier 303 of the third planetary gear set 3.

[0049] Specifically, the third ring gear 304 of the third planetary gear set 3 is fixedly arranged, that is, the third ring gear 304 can be connected to the housing of the planetary reducer or can be braked and fixed by setting a fourth brake assembly.

[0050] In this embodiment, with the third sun gear 301 of the third planetary gear set 3 as the input and the third planet carrier 303 as the output shaft, it is convenient to arrange and fix in heavy equipment.

[0051] In one embodiment, asFigure 1 As shown, the second planetary row 2 is located between the first planetary row 1 and the third planetary row 3; in this embodiment, the second planetary row 2 is located between the first planetary row 1 and the third planetary row 3, which can avoid the sleeve structure (if the first planetary row 1 is located between the second planetary row 2 and the third planetary row 3, the second planet carrier 203 of the second planetary row 2 is connected with the third sun gear 301 of the third planetary row 3 in transmission, and a avoidance hole needs to be provided at the intermediate shaft of the sun gear of the first planetary row 1 to facilitate the output shaft of the second planet carrier 203 of the second planetary row 2 to pass through and drive the third sun gear 301. This structure will produce a sleeve structure with weak strength), thereby improving the service life of the transmission components.

[0052] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the second planet carrier 203 is connected to the first ring gear 104 through the first connecting member 205, the second planet carrier 203 is transmission-connected to the driving component in the third planetary gear 3 through the second connecting member 206, and the first planet carrier 103 is connected to the first brake assembly 5 through the third connecting member 105.

[0053] Specifically, the first connecting member 205, the second connecting member 206 and the third connecting member 105 are all annular members, on which weight-reducing grooves may be provided; of course, they may also be connecting members of other structures, such as multiple connecting members arranged in a circular array.

[0054] In this embodiment, the second planetary carrier 203 is connected to the first ring gear 104 and the driving components in the third planetary row 3 through the first connecting member 205 and the second connecting member 206 respectively, and the first planetary carrier 103 is connected to the first brake assembly 5 through the third connecting member 105. The structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0055] In one embodiment, the first ring gear 104, the first connecting member 205, the second connecting member 206 and the driving components in the third planetary gear row 3 are an integrally formed structure, which can be integrally formed by casting; in this embodiment, by setting the first ring gear 104, the first connecting member 205, the second connecting member 206 and the driving components in the third planetary gear row 3 as an integrally formed structure, the number of parts can be reduced, the assembly efficiency can be improved, and the reliability of power transmission between parts can be improved.

[0056] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the planetary reducer further includes a clutch assembly 7 , and the second planet carrier 203 is connected to the first ring gear 104 via the clutch assembly 7 . The clutch assembly 7 can realize connection and disconnection between the first ring gear 104 and the second planet carrier 203 .

[0057] Specifically, Figure 1As shown, the clutch assembly 7 is a multi-disc friction brake. Of course, it can also be other types of brakes, as long as it can satisfy the two states of connection and disconnection between the second planet carrier 203 and the first ring gear 104.

[0058] In this embodiment, the setting of the clutch assembly 7 can avoid or reduce the rotational speed of the first ring gear 104 in the braking state of the second braking assembly 6, thereby reducing the dispersion of the driving torque and improving the driving efficiency.

[0059] In one embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the first connecting member 205 includes a first component 2051 and a second component 2052. The first component 2051 is connected to the first ring gear 104, the second component 2052 is connected to the second planet carrier 203, and the first component 2051 and the second component 2052 are connected by the clutch assembly 7.

[0060] Specifically, both the first component 2051 and the second component 2052 are an annular member. The braking portion of the clutch assembly 7 is fixed to the first component 2051 by means of bolt screwing or welding, and the friction portion of the clutch assembly 7 is fixed to the second component 2052 by means of bolt screwing or welding.

[0061] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the first connecting member 205 includes a first component 2051 and a second component 2052, and the first component 2051 and the second component 2052 are connected by the clutch assembly 7, which is convenient for manufacturing and installation.

[0062] According to an embodiment of the present application, on the other hand, a construction machinery is provided, including the planetary reducer in any one of the above embodiments.

[0063] It should be noted that the construction machinery can be a traveling device such as a roller with forward and reverse functions, and other devices that require output in two forward and reverse rotation directions.

[0064] In this embodiment, since the construction machinery includes a planetary reducer, it has the same effect as the planetary reducer, and will not be elaborated here.

[0065] Although the embodiments of the present application are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A planetary reducer, characterized in that: include: A first planetary gear (1), wherein a first sun gear (101) of the first planetary gear (1) is adapted to be coaxially and circumferentially fixedly connected to an output shaft (4) of a rotary drive assembly; A first brake assembly (5), the first brake assembly (5) being capable of braking the first planet carrier (103) of the first planetary gear (1); a second planetary row (2), wherein the second sun gear (201) of the second planetary row (2) is adapted to be coaxially and circumferentially fixedly connected to the output shaft (4) of the rotary drive assembly, the second planet carrier (203) of the second planetary row (2) is connected to the first ring gear (104) of the first planetary row (1), and the second planet carrier (203) of the second planetary row (2) is adapted to be drivingly connected to a wheel hub; and A second brake assembly (6), wherein the second brake assembly (6) is capable of braking the second planet carrier (203) of the second planetary gear (2).

2. The planetary reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a third planetary gear (3), and the second planetary carrier (203) is suitable for being connected to the wheel hub through the third planetary gear (3).

3. The planetary reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The third ring gear (304) of the third planetary gear (3) is fixedly arranged, the third sun gear (301) of the third planetary gear (3) is drivingly connected to the second planetary carrier (203) of the second planetary gear (2), and the second planetary carrier (203) is suitable for being drivingly connected to the wheel hub through the third planetary carrier (303) of the third planetary gear (3).

4. The planetary reducer according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The second planetary gear row (2) is located between the first planetary gear row (1) and the third planetary gear row (3).

5. The planetary reducer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second planet carrier (203) is connected to the first ring gear (104) via a first connecting member (205), the second planet carrier (203) is transmission-connected to a driving component in the third planetary gear (3) via a second connecting member (206), and the first planet carrier (103) is connected to a first brake assembly (5) via a third connecting member (105).

6. The planetary reducer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first ring gear (104), the first connecting member (205), the second connecting member (206) and the driving components in the third planetary gear (3) are an integrally formed structure.

7. The planetary reducer according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a clutch assembly (7), through which the second planet carrier (203) is connected to the first ring gear (104), and the clutch assembly (7) can realize the connection and disconnection between the first ring gear (104) and the second planet carrier (203).

8. The planetary reducer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first connecting member (205) comprises a first component (2051) and a second component (2052), the first component (2051) being connected to the first ring gear (104), the second component (2052) being connected to the second planet carrier (203), and the first component (2051) and the second component (2052) being connected via the clutch assembly (7).

9. The planetary reducer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first brake assembly (5) and the second brake assembly (6) are both multi-disc friction brakes; And / or, the clutch assembly (7) is a multi-disc friction brake.

10. An engineering machine, characterized in that: include: A planetary reducer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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