Active fuse fusing circuit and battery module

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model relates to the technical field of battery protection, in particular to a fuse active fusing circuit and a battery module. According to the embodiment of the utility model, the first trigger circuit is used for receiving signals of various abnormal conditions, such as battery pack undervoltage, charging and discharging MOS overtemperature protection, primary and secondary loop charging and discharging MOS short circuit, and the like, which are detected by software, and the switch is directly used for controlling the fuse to perform active fusing. Besides, the voltage of each battery cell of the battery module is subjected to anomaly detection through a second trigger circuit and a third trigger circuit, and when any battery cell is abnormal, the switch can be switched on to fuse the fuse, so that the battery module and related equipment of the battery are protected. And the use safety of the battery module is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present utility model relate to the technical field of battery protection, and specifically to a fuse active fusing circuit and a battery module. Background Art

[0002] In the field of lithium batteries, in order to meet the requirements of safety regulations for single-failure faults of PCBA protection devices, detection of abnormal charging and discharging currents, or dual safety protection of cell voltages, temperatures, currents, etc., it is necessary to design a fuse circuit controlled by software to drive the NMOS transistor between the three-terminal fuse and the product GND terminal to conduct, so as to achieve the effect of fusing the three-terminal fuse.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used circuit for fusing a three-terminal fuse relies on a hardware overcharge secondary protection IC to monitor the voltage and trigger fusing. The application of this circuit is limited. Only when the overcharge voltage point of a single cell is triggered, the CO terminal of the overcharge secondary protection IC outputs a high level to make the NMOS transistor conduct and trigger the fuse to fuse. In many abnormal situations such as battery pack under-voltage detected by software, over-temperature protection of charging and discharging MOS, short circuit of primary and secondary circuit charging and discharging MOS, etc., the three-terminal fuse cannot be actively fused, resulting in easy damage to the battery in other abnormal situations and even potential safety hazards. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] In view of the above problems, the embodiments of the present utility model provide a fuse active fusing circuit and a battery module, which solve the problem that in many abnormal situations such as battery pack under-voltage detected by software, over-temperature protection of charging and discharging MOS, short circuit of primary and secondary circuit charging and discharging MOS, etc., the three-terminal fuse cannot be actively fused, resulting in easy damage to the battery in other abnormal situations and even potential safety hazards.

[0005] In the first aspect,

[0006] The present utility model provides a fuse active fusing circuit applied to a battery module, and the circuit includes:

[0007] A fuse circuit, including a fuse and a switch, the fuse is connected in the loop between the battery positive electrode and the battery output terminal of the battery module, and the switch is connected to the fuse in an enabling manner;

[0008] A first trigger circuit, including a first enabling end and a first trigger end, the first enabling end is connected to the enabling output end of the software controller, and the first trigger end is connected to the enabling end of the switch;

[0009] A second trigger circuit, including a first power supply end, a first detection end, and a second trigger end, the first power supply end is connected to the battery positive electrode or the middle section of the battery, the first detection end is connected to any internal cell of the battery, and the second trigger end is connected to the enabling end of the switch;

[0010] Wherein, the first trigger circuit and the second trigger circuit control the fuse to actively blow through a switcher.

[0011] In some alternative embodiments, the fuse is provided with a first end, a second end, and a third end. The first end is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and the second end is connected to the battery output terminal.

[0012] In some alternative embodiments, the switcher is a first MOS transistor. The gate of the first MOS transistor is connected to the first trigger terminal and the second trigger terminal, the drain is connected to the first end, and the source is grounded.

[0013] In some alternative embodiments, the first trigger circuit includes a composite triode. The first enable terminal and the first trigger terminal are provided on the composite triode, and the composite triode is further provided with a first power supply terminal and a first ground terminal. The first power supply terminal is connected to the battery output terminal, and the first ground terminal is grounded.

[0014] In some alternative embodiments, the composite triode includes a first triode and a second triode.

[0015] The base of the first triode is the first enable terminal, the collector is connected to the base of the second triode, and the emitter is grounded. The emitter of the second triode is the first power supply terminal, the collector is connected to the first resistor, and the other end of the first resistor is the first trigger terminal and is connected to the enable terminal of the switcher.

[0016] In some alternative embodiments, the second trigger circuit includes a first detection chip, a third triode, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a fourth resistor. The first power supply terminal and the first detection terminal are provided on the first detection chip, and the first detection chip is further provided with a second power supply terminal and a first control terminal. The base of the third triode is connected to the second power supply terminal and the middle section of the battery through the second resistor, the emitter is connected to the first control terminal, and the collector is connected to the third resistor. The other end of the third resistor is the second trigger terminal and is connected to the enable terminal of the switcher. One end of the fourth resistor is connected to the second trigger terminal and the other end is grounded.

[0017] In some alternative embodiments, a third trigger circuit is further included. The third trigger circuit is provided with a third power supply terminal, a second detection terminal, and a third trigger terminal. The third power supply terminal is connected to the middle section of the battery, the second detection terminal is connected to any one of the battery internal cells, and the third trigger terminal is connected to the enable terminal of the switcher to control the fuse to actively blow.

[0018] In some alternative embodiments, the third trigger circuit includes a second detection chip, a fifth resistor, and a first diode. The third power supply terminal and the second detection terminal are disposed on the second detection chip. The second detection chip is further provided with a second control terminal, and the second control terminal is sequentially connected to the enable terminal of the switch through the fifth resistor and the first diode.

[0019] In some alternative embodiments, the first detection chip and the second detection chip are both provided with a plurality of first detection terminals, and the first detection chip and the second detection chip respectively perform voltage detection on different battery cells of the same battery.

[0020] Second aspect

[0021] The present utility model provides a battery module including the above-mentioned fuse active fusing circuit.

[0022] The present utility model provides a fuse active fusing circuit and a battery module, and the beneficial effects thereof are as follows: In the embodiments of the present utility model, the first trigger circuit receives signals of various abnormal conditions such as battery pack undervoltage, over-temperature protection of charge and discharge MOS, and short circuit of main and secondary loop charge and discharge MOS detected by software, and directly controls the fuse to be actively fused by controlling the switch. In addition, the present application also performs abnormal detection on the voltages of each battery cell of the battery module through the second trigger circuit and the third trigger circuit. When any battery cell has an abnormality, the switch can be turned on to fuse the fuse, thereby protecting the battery module and battery-related devices. The use safety of the battery module is improved.

[0023] The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the embodiments of the present utility model more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the specification. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model more obvious and understandable, the following specifically describes the embodiments of the present utility model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings are only used to illustrate the embodiments and are not considered to be a limitation of the present utility model. And throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the fuse active fusing circuit provided by the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 FIG. 2 shows a circuit schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the fuse active fusing circuit provided by the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 FIG. 3 shows a circuit schematic diagram of the fuse fusing protection circuit provided by the present utility model.

[0028] Among them,

[0029] 110. Insurance circuit; 120. First trigger circuit; 130. Second trigger circuit; 140. Third trigger circuit; B+. Battery positive electrode; P+. Battery output terminal; MCU_I / O. Enable output terminal; U1. First detection chip; U2. Second detection chip; R1. First resistor; R2. Second resistor; R3. Third resistor; R4. Fourth resistor; R5. Fifth resistor; F1. Fuse; D1. First diode; Q1. First triode; Q2. Second triode; Q3. Third triode; Q4. Switcher. Specific embodiments

[0030] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein.

[0031] Embodiment 1:

[0032] As Figure 1 , Figure 3 shown, the present invention provides an active fuse melting circuit for a fuse F1, which is applied to a battery module. The circuit includes an insurance circuit 110, a first trigger circuit 120, and a second trigger circuit 130. Among them, the insurance circuit 110 includes a fuse F1 and a switcher Q4. The fuse F1 is connected in the loop between the battery positive electrode B+ and the battery output terminal P+ of the battery module, and the switcher Q4 is connected to the fuse F1 in an enabling manner; the first trigger circuit 120 includes a first enabling end and a first trigger end. The first enabling end is connected to the enable output terminal MCU_I / O of the software controller, and the first trigger end is connected to the enable end of the switcher Q4; the second trigger circuit 130 includes a first power supply end, a first detection end, and a second trigger end. The first power supply end is connected to the battery positive electrode B+ or a battery intermediate section, the first detection end is connected to any one of the battery cells inside the battery, and the second trigger end is connected to the enable end of the switcher Q4; among them, the battery intermediate section is the intermediate cell node of the battery, that is, any node between the battery positive electrode B+ and the battery negative electrode. The first trigger circuit 120 and the second trigger circuit 130 control the fuse F1 to actively melt through the switcher Q4.

[0033] In the embodiment of the present utility model, the first trigger circuit 120 receives signals of many abnormal conditions detected by software, such as undervoltage of the battery pack, over-temperature protection of charge and discharge MOS, short circuit of main and secondary circuit charge and discharge MOS, etc., and directly controls the fuse F1 to be actively blown by controlling the switch Q4. In addition, the present application also performs abnormal detection on the voltage of each battery cell of the battery module through the second trigger circuit 130 and the third trigger circuit 140. When any battery cell has an abnormality, the switch Q4 can be turned on to blow the fuse F1, thereby realizing the protection of the battery module and battery-related devices. The safety of using the battery module is improved.

[0034] In some alternative embodiments, the fuse F1 is provided with a first end F1_1, a second end F1_2, and a third end F1_3. The third end F1_3 is connected to the battery positive electrode B+, and the first end F1_1 is connected to the battery output terminal P+. The switch Q4 is a first MOS transistor. The gate of the first MOS transistor is connected to the first trigger terminal and the second trigger terminal, the drain is connected to the second end, and the source is grounded. The fuse F1 is a three-terminal fuse F1. The third end and the first end are respectively connected to the battery positive electrode B+ and the battery output terminal P+. The second end F1_2 is connected to the switch Q4 and receives an external signal through the switch Q4 to control the blowing of the fuse F1. The switch Q4 can be a MOS transistor or a triode. In this embodiment, the switch Q4 is a MOS transistor. The gate of the MOS transistor is connected to the first trigger circuit 120 and the second trigger circuit 130, and controls the blowing of the fuse F1 by receiving signals from the first trigger circuit 120 and the second trigger circuit 130.

[0035] In some alternative embodiments, the first trigger circuit 120 includes a composite triode. The first enable terminal and the first trigger terminal are disposed on the composite triode, and the composite triode is further provided with a first power supply terminal and a first ground terminal. The first power supply terminal is connected to the battery output terminal P+, and the first ground terminal is grounded. The composite triode includes a first triode Q1 and a second triode Q2. The base of the first triode Q1 is the first enable terminal, the collector is connected to the base of the second triode Q2, and the emitter is grounded. The emitter of the second triode Q2 is the first power supply terminal, the collector is connected to the first resistor R1, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is the first trigger terminal and is connected to the enable terminal of the switch Q4. In this embodiment, the first enable terminal of the first trigger circuit 120 can be connected to the enable output terminal MCU_I / O of the software controller MCU controlled by software. By receiving the signal of the MCU, the on / off of the first trigger circuit 120 is controlled, so that the conduction state of the switch Q4 changes, thereby realizing the active fusing of the fuse F1. The first trigger circuit 120 can adopt an integrated component of a composite triode, or two triodes can be separately used to control the switch Q4. In the present invention, when the enable output terminal MCU_I / O of the MCU outputs a high level, the first triode Q1 and the second triode Q2 are turned on, and the voltage of the battery output terminal P+ is divided by the first resistor R1 and output to the enable terminal of the switch Q4. The switch Q4 is turned on, pulling the voltage of the fuse F1 to actively fuse the fuse F1.

[0036] In some alternative embodiments, the second trigger circuit 130 includes a first detection chip U1, a third triode Q3, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, and a fourth resistor R4. The first power supply terminal U1_VDD and the first detection terminal U1_VC1 are disposed on the first detection chip U1. The first detection chip U1 is further provided with a second power supply terminal U1_VSS and a first control terminal U1_CO. The base of the third triode Q3 is connected to the second power supply terminal and the battery intermediate section through the second resistor R2, the emitter is connected to the first control terminal, and the collector is connected to the third resistor. The other end of the third resistor is the second trigger terminal and is connected to the enable terminal of the switch Q4. One end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the second trigger terminal and the other end is grounded. In this embodiment, the first detection chip U1 can detect the voltages of the respective battery cells of the battery module, so as to detect and identify the overvoltage chips. The first power supply terminal of the first detection chip U1 can obtain voltage from the battery positive electrode B+ or the battery intermediate section, and then output it to the emitter of the third triode Q3 through the first control terminal. When the third triode Q3 is turned on, the voltage of the enable terminal of the switch Q4 is pulled high and turned on through voltage division by the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4. Thus, the fuse F1 is fused.

[0037] Embodiment 2:

[0038] Based on Embodiment 1, on the basis of Embodiment 1 of the present application, refer to Figure 2 、 3 , the present utility model further adds a third trigger circuit 140. This circuit includes an insurance circuit 110, a first trigger circuit 120, a second trigger circuit 130, and a third trigger circuit 140. Among them, the insurance circuit 110 includes a fuse F1 and a switch Q4. The fuse F1 is connected in the loop between the battery positive pole B+ and the battery output terminal P+ of the battery module, and the switch Q4 is enabled to connect with the fuse F1; the first trigger circuit 120 includes a first enable terminal and a first trigger terminal. The first enable terminal is connected to the software controller, and the first trigger terminal is connected to the enable terminal of the switch Q4; the second trigger circuit 130 includes a first power supply terminal, a first detection terminal, and a second trigger terminal. The first power supply terminal is connected to the battery positive pole B+ or the battery intermediate section, the first detection terminal is connected to any battery cell inside the battery, and the second trigger terminal is connected to the enable terminal of the switch Q4; the third trigger circuit 140 is provided with a third power supply terminal, a second detection terminal, and a third trigger terminal. The third power supply terminal is connected to the battery intermediate section, the second detection terminal is connected to any battery cell inside the battery, and the third trigger terminal is connected to the enable terminal of the switch Q4 to control the fuse F1 to actively blow.

[0039] Specifically, the third trigger circuit 140 includes a second detection chip U2, a fifth resistor R5, and a first diode D1. The third power supply terminal U2_VDD and the second detection terminal U2_VC1 are set on the second detection chip U2. The second detection chip U2 is also provided with a second control terminal U2_CO, and the second control terminal U2_CO is sequentially connected to the enable terminal of the switch Q4 through the fifth resistor R5 and the first diode D1. The first detection chip U1 and the second detection chip U2 are both provided with a plurality of first detection terminals, and the first detection chip U1 and the second detection chip U2 respectively detect the voltages of different battery cells of the same battery. Among them, the first detection chip U1 and the second detection chip U2 can be: the CW1051 model chip of the Cellwise brand, or the BQ7718 model chip of the TI brand.

[0040] Embodiment 3:

[0041] The utility model provides a battery module, including the above-mentioned fuse F1 active fusing circuit. This application provides a battery module solution that is software-controlled and actively fuses a three-terminal fuse. The utility model uses a composite triode. The first power supply terminal of the composite triode is connected to the battery output terminal P+. The collector of the first triode Q1 and the base of the second triode Q2 are short-circuited. The first enable terminal is connected to the enable output terminal MCU_I / O of the MCU. The first power supply terminal is connected to the battery output terminal P+. The first grounding terminal is connected to GND. The collector of the second triode Q2 is connected to the enable terminal of the switch Q4 through the first resistor R1. When the MCU detects that the system fails and needs to actively fuse the fuse, the first enable terminal is set to a high level through the enable output terminal MCU_I / O, so that the voltage of the battery output terminal P+ is divided by the first resistor R1 to drive the switch Q4 to conduct, and the three-terminal fuse F1 is fused. The utility model is not limited by the overcharge voltage of the hardware IC and can actively start fusing the fuse according to various fault trigger conditions set by the software. This solution provides a solution for a low-voltage MCU, such as a 3.3V-powered MCU, to actively fuse a three-terminal fuse. When the power supply of the MCU is 3.3V and the switch Q4 is a conventional driving MOS, the direct drive level of the enable output terminal MCU_I / O of the MCU is not sufficient to fully conduct the switch Q4. A composite triode is used for level conversion, and the voltage of the battery output terminal P+ is divided by the resistor to enable the switch Q4 to conduct normally and fuse the fuse.

[0042] The algorithms or displays provided herein are not inherently related to any particular computer, virtual system, or other device. Additionally, the embodiments of the present utility model are not directed to any specific programming language.

[0043] In the specification provided herein, a large number of specific details are described. However, it can be understood that the embodiments of the present utility model can be practiced without these specific details. Similarly, in order to streamline the present utility model and assist in understanding one or more of the various aspects of the utility model, in the above description of the exemplary embodiments of the present utility model, the various features of the embodiments of the present utility model are sometimes grouped together into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. Among them, the claims following the specific implementation manners are hereby expressly incorporated into the specific implementation manners, and each claim itself is used as a separate embodiment of the present utility model.

[0044] Those skilled in the art can understand that the modules in the devices in the embodiments can be adaptively changed and arranged in one or more devices different from the embodiments. The modules or units or components in the embodiments can be combined into a module or unit or component, and in addition, they can be divided into multiple sub-modules or sub-units or sub-components. Except that at least some of such features and / or processes or units are mutually exclusive.

[0045] It should be noted that the above embodiments are illustrative of the present invention rather than restrictive thereof, and those skilled in the art can design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The present invention can be implemented by means of hardware including several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims listing several devices, several of these devices may be embodied by the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc. does not denote any order. These words may be interpreted as names. The steps in the above embodiments, unless otherwise specifically stated, should not be construed as limiting the order of execution.

Claims

1. A fuse active fusing circuit, characterized in that: Applied in a battery module, the circuit includes: A safety circuit, comprising a fuse and a switch, wherein the fuse is connected in a loop between the positive electrode of the battery and the battery output terminal of the battery module, and the switch is enabled to be connected to the fuse; A first trigger circuit comprises a first enable terminal and a first trigger terminal, wherein the first enable terminal is connected to the enable output terminal of the software controller, and the first trigger terminal is connected to the enable terminal of the switch; and a second trigger circuit, comprising a first power supply terminal, a first detection terminal, and a second trigger terminal, wherein the first power supply terminal is connected to the positive electrode of the battery or the middle section of the battery, the first detection terminal is connected to any cell inside the battery, and the second trigger terminal is connected to the enabling terminal of the switch; The first trigger circuit and the second trigger circuit actively blow the fuse by controlling the fuse through the switch.

2. The active fuse blowing circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuse is provided with a first end, a second end, and a third end. The third end is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and the first end is connected to the output end of the battery.

3. The active fuse blowing circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switch is a first MOS tube, a gate of the first MOS tube is connected to the first trigger end and the second trigger end, a drain is connected to the second end, and a source is grounded.

4. The active fuse blowing circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first trigger circuit includes a composite triode, the first enable terminal and the first trigger terminal are arranged on the composite triode, and the composite triode is also provided with a first power supply terminal and a first ground terminal; the first power supply terminal is connected to the battery output terminal, and the first ground terminal is grounded.

5. The active fuse blowing circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The composite triode comprises a first triode and a second triode. The base of the first transistor is the first enable terminal, the collector is connected to the base of the second transistor, and the emitter is grounded; the emitter of the second transistor is the first power supply terminal, the collector is connected to the first resistor, and the other end of the first resistor is the first trigger terminal and is connected to the enable terminal of the switch.

6. The active fuse blowing circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second trigger circuit includes a first detection chip, a third triode, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a fourth resistor; the first power supply end and the first detection end are arranged on the first detection chip, and the first detection chip is also provided with a second power supply end and a first control end; the base of the third triode is connected to the second power supply end and the middle section of the battery through the second resistor, the emitter is connected to the first control end, and the collector is connected to the third resistor; the other end of the third resistor is the second trigger end and is connected to the enable end of the switch; one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the second trigger end and the other end is grounded.

7. The active fuse blowing circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a third trigger circuit, which is provided with a third power supply terminal, a second detection terminal, and a third trigger terminal. The third power supply terminal is connected to the middle section of the battery, the second detection terminal is connected to any battery cell inside the battery, and the third trigger terminal is connected to the enable terminal of the switch to control the fuse to actively blow.

8. The active fuse blowing circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The third trigger circuit includes a second detection chip, a fifth resistor, and a first diode. The third power supply terminal and the second detection terminal are arranged on the second detection chip. The second detection chip is also provided with a second control terminal. The second control terminal is connected to the enable terminal of the switch through the fifth resistor and the first diode in sequence.

9. The active fuse blowing circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first detection chip and the second detection chip are both provided with a plurality of first detection terminals, and the first detection chip and the second detection chip respectively perform voltage detection on different cells of the same battery.

10. A battery module, characterized in that: The invention comprises the active fuse blowing circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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