Puncture instrument fixed at focus position during percutaneous needle biopsy

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of percutaneous puncture instruments, and discloses a puncture instrument fixed at a focus position during percutaneous puncture biopsy, which comprises a sleeve, a needle core and an anchoring structure. The anchoring structure comprises a rotating shaft, a shaft tube, an anchoring part and an adjusting part; the rotating shaft is fixed on the sleeve; the anchoring part and the adjusting part are integrally connected with the shaft tube; when the needle core extends into the sleeve, the adjusting part is controlled to rotate in the positive direction and the negative direction along the rotating shaft, so that the anchoring part is switched between an anchoring position and a retraction position, and when the needle core extends into the sleeve, the adjusting part is controlled to rotate in the positive direction, so that the anchoring part rotates to the retraction position; when the needle core is withdrawn from the sleeve, the adjusting part is controlled to rotate reversely, so that the anchoring part is rotated to an anchoring position, and the sleeve and the needle core can be ensured to enter or withdraw from a focus position safely in a combined state through the arrangement; and after the needle core is withdrawn from the cannula, the cannula is anchored at the focus position by the anchoring structure, and the position is not changed, so that the biopsy needle enters an accurate biopsy position, and the puncture success rate is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of percutaneous puncture instruments, and particularly relates to a puncture instrument fixed at the lesion position during percutaneous puncture biopsy. Background Art

[0002] Percutaneous puncture biopsy is a method for diagnosing tumors and other related diseases. Especially for lung tumors, clinically, CT and other imaging methods are usually used to detect possible tumors first. However, the imaging results cannot directly obtain a diagnostic conclusion. Usually, a percutaneous puncture biopsy is further required. After obtaining the biopsy tissue at the tumor position and performing pathological verification, a diagnostic conclusion can be obtained.

[0003] Currently, the biopsy tissue is usually obtained using the puncture biopsy technique. Under the guidance of ultrasound, a coaxial cannula biopsy instrument is used for puncture. The coaxial cannula biopsy instrument mainly includes two parts: a cannula and a stylet. During puncture, the stylet and the cannula are first combined and inserted into the lesion position, then the stylet is withdrawn, and the biopsy needle is inserted through the cannula into the lesion position to obtain the lesion tissue. Finally, the biopsy specimen is obtained using the biopsy needle. However, currently, it is found clinically that when the stylet is removed or after removal, for small lesion tissues, especially small lesion tissues in the lower lung, the patient's body position may change during the operation, which may cause the puncture cannula that has entered the lesion position to slip out of the lesion tissue, resulting in difficulty in positioning during percutaneous puncture under ultrasound guidance and inability to obtain effective biopsy tissue.

[0004] Therefore, a biopsy instrument that can be positioned at the lesion position after entering is needed. Specifically, a puncture instrument fixed at the lesion position during percutaneous puncture biopsy is provided. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of the above technical problems, the utility model provides a puncture instrument fixed at the lesion position during percutaneous puncture biopsy. By providing an anchoring structure on the side wall of the cannula that cooperates with the stylet, when the stylet enters the cannula, the anchoring structure retracts into the side wall of the cannula. When the stylet withdraws from the cannula, the anchoring structure extends out of the side wall of the cannula to play an anchoring role. By anchoring the cannula at the accurate position, the effect that the position of the cannula will not change due to the change of the patient's body position can be achieved. Furthermore, when the biopsy needle is inserted, it can accurately enter the lesion tissue, accurately obtain the biopsy tissue corresponding to the lesion position, and effectively improve the puncture success rate.

[0006] The specific technical solution is a puncture instrument fixed at the lesion position during percutaneous puncture biopsy, which includes a cannula, a stylet, and an anchoring structure.

[0007] The first end of the cannula is the end first inserted into the body, and the second end is the opposite end. An extension hole is provided on the side wall of the cannula.

[0008] The anchoring structure includes a rotating shaft, a shaft tube, an anchoring part and an adjusting part. The shaft tube is sleeved on the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is fixed on the sleeve, and the anchoring part and the adjusting part are integrally connected to the shaft tube; the anchoring part and the adjusting part rotate simultaneously, and the adjusting part is controlled to rotate in two opposite directions along the rotating shaft, so that the anchoring part changes between the anchoring position and the retracted position; when the anchoring part is in the anchoring position, the anchoring part extends out of the extending hole to the outside of the outer wall of the sleeve to play an anchoring role; when the anchoring part is in the retracted position, the anchoring part retracts inside the outer wall of the sleeve.

[0009] When the needle core extends into the sleeve and reaches the adjusting part, the adjusting part is controlled to rotate forward, so that the anchoring part rotates to the retracted position; when the needle core is withdrawn from the sleeve and retracted to a position where it does not contact the adjusting part, the adjusting part is controlled to rotate in the reverse direction, so that the anchoring part rotates to the anchoring position.

[0010] In the above way, it can be well ensured that when the needle core and the sleeve are bent and sleeved together, the anchoring part rotates to the retracted position and retracts inside the outer wall of the sleeve, without affecting the needle core and the sleeve being sent into the lesion position together. Once the needle core is withdrawn from the sleeve, the anchoring part rotates to the anchoring position, and the anchoring part anchors on the tissue, stably fixing the sleeve in the accurate position and no longer changing with the change of the patient's body position.

[0011] Furthermore, the extending hole is arranged at a position 1-3 cm away from the end of the first end of the sleeve. This distance setting can ensure the stability of the position of the first end of the sleeve and the lesion position, and avoid the change of the front end distance caused by the excessive distance between the extending hole and the end of the first end, resulting in the ineffective anchoring effect.

[0012] Furthermore, the adjusting part includes an elastic reset structure. The elastic reset structure can be a torsion spring arranged at the position of the rotating shaft or a bent elastic structure connected to the adjusting part. The elastic reset structure provides a rotational force to change from the retracted position to the anchoring position.

[0013] Furthermore, the anchoring part includes an anchoring rod or an anchoring plate. The first end of the anchoring part is connected to the shaft tube, and an anchoring hook is arranged at the second end of the anchoring part; the anchoring effect can be improved by setting the anchoring hook.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of groups of extending holes are circumferentially arranged on the side wall of the sleeve corresponding to the corresponding anchoring structures; the anchoring hooks at the second end of the anchoring part include anchoring hooks facing upward and downward; through this setting, anchoring can be carried out in two directions to achieve the effect of neither advancing nor retreating, and the anchoring effect is more stable.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

[0016] 1) Through the cooperation of the cannula, the stylet and the anchoring structure, when the stylet and the cannula are fully combined, the anchoring part rotates to the retracted position and retracts inside the inner side wall of the cannula, so that the puncture operation is still carried out according to the original outer diameter of the cannula, and the setting of the anchoring structure does not affect the operation of inserting the stylet and the cannula together into the lesion position; however, once the stylet is withdrawn from the cannula, the anchoring part rotates to the anchored position, and the anchoring part anchors on the tissue in the body, fixing the cannula stably at the stop position where the stylet drives the sleeve into. This position is the accurate entry position of the biopsy needle. Once anchored, the cannula will no longer change with the change of the patient's body position, which can ensure that the subsequently inserted biopsy needle can obtain biopsy tissue at the accurate position, greatly improving the puncture success rate.

[0017] 2) By corresponding the position of the insertion hole with the position of the anchoring part, and by setting the insertion hole at a position 1 - 3 cm away from the first end of the cannula, the first end of the cannula can be stably fixed, ensuring the stability of the first end position, thereby increasing the puncture success rate and avoiding the problem that anchoring at other positions will not act on the first end of the cannula.

[0018] 3) Through the cooperation effect of the elastic reset structure and the insertion and withdrawal of the stylet, the anchoring part can be freely switched between the anchored position and the retracted position.

[0019] 4) By setting multiple anchoring structures, setting holes and anchoring hooks in corresponding different directions, the cannula can be anchored from two directions to achieve the dual stable purpose of avoiding forward and backward movement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall puncture instrument and the partial enlarged structure of the position of the first end of the puncture instrument;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the partial enlarged cross-section of the position of the first end of this puncture instrument with the anchoring structure in the retracted position, in which an anchoring hook facing upward and an anchoring hook facing downward are shown in the cross-section;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the partial enlarged view of the anchoring structure with the anchoring structure in the retracted position, in which an anchoring hook facing upward and an anchoring hook facing downward are shown in the cross-section;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the partial enlargement of the first end of the puncture instrument with the anchoring structure in the anchored position;

[0025] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the partial enlarged cross-section of the first end of the puncture instrument with the anchoring structure in the anchored position, in which an upward-facing anchoring hook and a downward-facing anchoring hook are shown in the cross-section;

[0026] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the partial enlarged cross-section of the first end of the puncture instrument with the anchoring structure in the anchored position, in which two upward-facing anchoring hooks are shown in the cross-section;

[0027] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the anchoring structure.

[0028] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the partial cross-section of the moving groove;

[0029] Wherein, 1. sleeve; 11. protruding hole; 12. moving groove; 121. horizontal groove; 122. vertical groove; 2. stylet; 3. anchoring structure; 31. rotating shaft; 32. shaft tube; 33. anchoring part; 331. upward-facing anchoring hook; 332. downward-facing anchoring hook; 34. adjusting part; 341. bending elastic structure; 342. cylindrical structure. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments of the present application and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] In this document, "schematic" means "serving as an example, instance or illustration", and any illustration or implementation manner described as "schematic" in this document should not be construed as a more preferred or more advantageous technical solution.

[0032] To make the drawings concise, only the parts related to the present application are schematically shown in each drawing, and they do not represent their actual structures as products. Additionally, to make the drawings concise and easy to understand, in some drawings, for components with the same structure or function, only one of them is schematically shown, or only one of them is labeled.

[0033] In this text, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; unless otherwise specified or stated, the term "plurality" means two or more; the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] Reference Figures 1-7 ; A puncture instrument fixed at the lesion position during percutaneous biopsy, which includes a cannula 1 and a stylet 2, and also includes an anchoring structure 3. The first end of the cannula 1 is the first inserted into the body section, and the second end is the opposite end. There are 2 - 4 protruding holes 11 provided on the side wall of the cannula 1, and a plurality of anchoring structures 3 are provided corresponding to the protruding holes 11. The embodiment shown in the attached drawings is the one with 4 protruding holes 11 and anchoring structures 3. The anchoring structure 3 includes a rotating shaft 31, a shaft tube 32, an anchoring part 33 and an adjusting part 34; the rotating shaft 31 is fixed on the cannula 1; the anchoring part 33 and the adjusting part 34 are integrally connected to the shaft tube 32; the anchoring part 33 and the adjusting part 34 rotate simultaneously, controlling the adjusting part 34 to rotate in two opposite directions along the rotating shaft 31, so that the anchoring part 33 changes between the anchoring position and the retracted position; when the anchoring part 33 is in the retracted position, the anchoring part 33 retracts inside the outer side wall of the cannula 1; in this state, the outer diameter of the cannula 1 is not affected by the setting of the anchoring part 33; when the anchoring part 33 is in the anchoring position, the anchoring part 33 extends out of the protruding hole 11 to the outside of the outer side wall of the cannula 1, and during use, the anchoring part 33 contacts the tissue on the puncture path to play an anchoring role. The adjusting part 34 includes an elastic reset structure. When the stylet 2 extends into the cannula 1 and reaches the adjusting part 34, controlling the adjusting part 34 to rotate forward makes the anchoring part 33 rotate to the retracted position; in this way, the combined stylet 2 and cannula 1 can be sent to the lesion position together without being affected by the anchoring structure 3, accumulating an elastic force for the elastic reset structure; and when the stylet 2 is withdrawn from the cannula 1 and retracted to not contact the adjusting part 34, specifically during operation, when the stylet 2 is completely withdrawn from the cannula 1, the elastic reset structure controls the adjusting part 34 to rotate backward, making the anchoring part 33 rotate to the anchoring position. The anchoring part 33 includes an inclined anchoring rod, and the tissue is anchored through the anchoring rod. It should be noted that the forward and backward are only for explaining that the rotation direction of the adjusting part when changing from the anchoring position back to the retracted position is opposite to the rotation direction of the adjusting part when changing from the retracted position to the anchoring position.

[0035] In the above-described embodiment, through the cooperation of the cannula 1, the stylet 2, and the anchoring structure 3, when the stylet 2 is completely combined with the cannula 1, the anchoring portion 33 rotates to the retracted position and retracts inside the outer sidewall of the cannula 1, so that the puncture operation is still performed according to the original outer diameter of the cannula 1. The setting of the anchoring structure 3 does not affect the operation of inserting the stylet 2 and the cannula 1 together into the lesion location; however, once the stylet 2 is withdrawn from the cannula 1, the anchoring portion 33 rotates to the anchoring position, and the anchoring portion 33 anchors on the tissue in the body, stabilizing the cannula 1 at the stop position where the stylet 2 drives the sleeve into. This position is the accurate entry position of the biopsy needle. Once anchored, the cannula 1 will no longer change with the change of the patient's body position.

[0036] A more preferred embodiment is that, in order to more accurately anchor the cannula 1 structure close to the lesion tissue and ensure that the biopsy needle can enter the lesion location when inserted, the insertion hole is provided at a position 1-3 cm from the end of the first end of the cannula 1. This distance setting can ensure the stability of the position of the first end of the cannula 1 and the lesion location, making the position of the cannula 1 close to the lesion location stable.

[0037] A more preferred embodiment is that the rotating shaft 31 is wholly or partly arranged to extend into the cannula 1; through this setting, the adjusting portion 34 can only rotate inside the cannula 1, avoiding the reverse rotation of the adjusting portion 34. When the adjusting portion 34 rotates towards the central direction of the cannula 1, the anchoring portion 33 changes from the retracted position to the anchoring position. When the adjusting portion 34 rotates from the central direction of the cannula 1 towards the sidewall direction of the cannula 1, the anchoring portion 33 changes from the anchoring position to the retracted position. More specifically, refer to Figure 3 ; The rotating shaft 31 is partly fixedly arranged at the upper edge position of the insertion hole. This setting can reduce the setting size of the rotating shaft 31 inside the cannula 1, and thus reduce the overall size of the cannula 1.

[0038] A more preferred embodiment of the elastic reset structure is as follows: The elastic reset structure can be a torsion spring arranged at the position of the rotating shaft 31, which provides an elastic reset force to the adjusting portion 34 to make the anchoring portion 33 return to the anchoring position. The specific implementation of the torsion spring is not shown in the figure. The torsion spring is a well-known technology in the prior art, and those skilled in the art can combine the prior art to apply it to the position of the rotating shaft 31. When the elastic reset structure is a torsion spring, the adjusting portion 34 is an adjusting rod controlled by the torsion spring.

[0039] Or, refer to Figures 2-3 ; 5-6; The embodiment of the elastic reset structure is a bent elastic structure 341 connected to the adjusting portion 34. The bent elastic structure 341 is made of memory metal, and it can give an elastic recovery force to the adjusting portion 34 after the stylet 2 is withdrawn, so that the anchoring portion 33 returns to the anchoring position. The bent elastic structure 341 is an elastic plate or rod.

[0040] The specific implementation manner of the adjusting part 34 is as follows. Refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 ; The adjusting part 34 includes an extended adjusting plate, and a bent elastic plate is arranged on the adjusting plate. The first end of the bent elastic plate is limited in the moving groove 12 on the side wall of the sleeve 1. When the needle core 2 extends into the sleeve 1, it first contacts the bent elastic structure 341 and drives the bent elastic structure 341 to move closer to the inner side wall of the sleeve 1; so that the anchoring part 33 reaches the retracted position; at the same time, the first end of the elastic piece moves to the uppermost position of the moving groove 12; on the contrary, when the needle core 2 disengages from the sleeve 1, the elastic piece returns to the original bent state, so that the anchoring part 33 reaches the anchored position. More specifically, the moving groove 12 is a T-shaped groove, which includes a horizontal groove 121 and a vertical groove 122. Both the horizontal groove 121 and the vertical groove 122 extend along the longitudinal axis of the sleeve 1. The first end of the elastic piece is provided with a cylindrical structure 342 extending into the horizontal groove 121 of the T-shaped groove. Through this setting, the elastic piece can be well limited in the groove body, avoiding the shaking of the elastic piece in the free state.

[0041] The specific implementation manner of the anchoring part 33 is as follows. Refer to Figure 7 ; The anchoring part 33 includes an anchoring rod or an anchoring plate. The first end of the anchoring part 33 is connected to the shaft tube 32, and the second end of the anchoring part 33 is provided with an anchoring hook; by setting the anchoring hook, the anchoring effect can be improved. Corresponding to the sleeve 1 side wall, a plurality of protruding holes 11 and corresponding anchoring structures 3 are arranged in a circumferential array; preferably 3 - 6 are set.

[0042] More specifically, when multiple groups of protruding holes 11 and anchoring structures 3 are set, the anchoring hooks at the second end of the anchoring part 33 include hooks facing upward and downward; through this setting, anchoring can be carried out in two directions, achieving the effect of neither being able to advance nor retreat, and the anchoring effect is more stable. The specific setting method is as follows. Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 Set 2 - 3 groups of anchoring structures 3 with a 180-degree difference. One group includes an anchoring hook 331 facing upward and an anchoring hook 332 facing downward. In addition to the anchoring hook setting method shown in the drawings; also refer to Figure 6 ; The anchoring hooks 332 facing upward and downward can be set at intervals; Figure 6 For the implementation manner of setting 4 anchoring structures 3 in a circumferential array, the anchoring hooks with the same orientation are set on the two anchoring structures 3 with a 180-degree difference, Figure 6 showing two anchoring hooks 331 facing upward. It should be noted that when an odd number of groups are set, the number of anchoring hooks 331 facing upward is one more than the number of anchoring hooks 332 facing downward. This setting can better prevent the sleeve 1 from moving backward.

[0043] The first end of the cannula 1 is provided with a serrated structure, which can improve the puncture effect of the cannula 1 itself. The first end of the stylet 2 is a tip, and the tip setting can improve the puncture effect and can also effectively guide the initial deformation of the bending elastic structure 341.

[0044] Application cases:

[0045] The patient has a large body weight and a deep lesion. If percutaneous lung puncture is performed, due to the lack of a safe puncture path, the risk of complications is significantly increased. However, there is more fat in the mediastinum, which provides a safe path for puncture. During the operation, according to the formulated puncture plan, the step-by-step puncture method was used to puncture to the lesion, and the patient did not feel obvious discomfort after the operation.

[0046] Precautions for percutaneous biopsy: Huang XX, male, 48 years old. Multiple nodules in the left lung were found by chest CT. The largest is located in the lower lobe of the left lung, with a diameter of 12 mm. To clarify the nature, percutaneous biopsy of the left lung nodules was planned.

[0047] Preoperative preparation: Once the patient has the indications for puncture and no contraindications, after communicating with the patient or family members, the preoperative preparation stage begins. Recent laboratory test results and chest enhanced CT are required for risk assessment. If taking medications for a long time, it is necessary to inform the doctor.

[0048] Intraoperative operation: Select the position according to the needs of percutaneous biopsy. Keeping the patient still is the top priority. The patient will be asked to hold their breath several times during the operation, usually for several seconds each time.

[0049] After local anesthesia, the doctor uses a special puncture needle to penetrate the skin, chest wall and lung tissue along the pre-set puncture path until reaching the lesion. During this period, intraoperative CT scans may be required multiple times to ensure the correct position of the needle; when the puncture needle reaches the lesion position, the stylet 2 is withdrawn, and the cannula 1 is anchored at the lesion using the anchoring structure 3, and the corresponding biopsy needle is inserted for biopsy sampling. After the biopsy is completed, the stylet 2 is inserted into the cannula 1 again, and the anchoring of the cannula 1 by the anchoring structure 3 is released, so that the cannula 1 and the stylet 2 are withdrawn together and withdrawn from the lesion. Sometimes there will be irritating cough during the percutaneous biopsy process. If there is an urge to cough, the patient needs to actively restrain it.

[0050] After sampling is completed, the doctor will remove the puncture needle and compress and bandage the puncture site. The patient needs to rest in the recovery room for a period of time so that medical staff can monitor possible complications.

[0051] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application. Under the above teachings of the present application, those skilled in the art can make other improvements or deformations based on the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above specific description is only to better explain the purpose of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A puncture instrument fixed to the lesion position during percutaneous puncture biopsy, characterized in that: These include, The sleeve has a first end which is the first internal section to be inserted into the body, and a second end which is the opposite end, and a projection hole is provided on the side wall of the sleeve; The anchoring structure comprises a rotating shaft, a shaft tube, an anchoring part and an adjusting part; the rotating shaft is fixed on the sleeve, the anchoring part and the adjusting part are connected to the shaft tube as a whole, the anchoring part and the adjusting part rotate simultaneously, and the adjusting part is controlled to rotate in both positive and negative directions along the rotating shaft, so that the anchoring part changes between an anchoring position and a retracted position; when the anchoring part is in the anchoring position, the anchoring part extends from the extension hole to the outside of the outer wall of the sleeve to play an anchoring role; when the anchoring part is in the retracted position, the anchoring part retracts to the inside of the outer wall of the sleeve; The needle core is inserted into the sleeve. When it is inserted into the sleeve and extends to the adjustment part, the adjustment part is controlled to rotate forward so that the anchoring part rotates to the retracted position; when the needle core is withdrawn from the sleeve and withdrawn to a point where it does not contact the adjustment part, the adjustment part is controlled to rotate reversely so that the anchoring part rotates to the anchoring position.

2. The puncture instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insertion hole is arranged at a position 1-3 cm away from the first end of the sleeve.

3. The puncture instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft is entirely or partially arranged to extend into the interior of the sleeve.

4. The puncture instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating shaft part is fixed at the upper edge position of the insertion hole.

5. The puncture instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting part comprises an elastic reset structure, which is a torsion spring arranged at the rotating shaft position, or a bending elastic structure connected to the adjusting part. The elastic reset structure provides a rotation force from the retracted position to the anchor position.

6. The puncture instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjusting portion comprises an extended adjusting plate or rod, the adjusting plate is provided with the bending elastic structure, and a movable groove is provided on the side wall of the sleeve; the first end of the bending elastic structure is limited in the movable groove, and when the needle core is extended into the sleeve, it first contacts the bending part of the bending elastic structure, and drives the bending elastic structure and the adjusting plate to move close to the inner wall of the sleeve, so that the anchoring portion is converted from the anchoring portion to the retracted position, and at the same time, the first end of the elastic sheet moves to the uppermost position of the movable groove; on the contrary, when the needle core is separated from the sleeve, the elastic sheet returns to the original bending state, so that the anchoring portion is converted from the anchoring portion to the anchoring position; the bending elastic structure is a bending elastic plate or rod.

7. The puncture instrument according to claim 6, characterized in that: The movable groove comprises a T-shaped groove, and the first end of the elastic piece is provided with a columnar structure extending into the transverse groove of the T-shaped groove.

8. The puncture instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The anchoring part comprises an anchoring rod or an anchoring plate, a first end of the anchoring part is connected to the shaft tube, and a second end of the anchoring part is provided with an anchoring hook.

9. The puncture instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that: There are 3-6 protruding holes and corresponding anchoring structures in a circumferential array on the side wall of the casing, and the anchoring hooks at the second end of the anchoring part include hooks facing upward and downward.

10. The puncture instrument according to claim 9, characterized in that: Set up 2-3 groups of anchoring structures with a difference of 180 degrees, one group includes one anchoring hook facing upwards and one anchoring hook facing downwards; or set the anchoring hooks facing upwards and downwards at intervals; when setting an odd group, there is one more anchoring hook facing upwards than the anchoring hook facing downwards.

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