Numerical control thread grinder capable of automatically adjusting balance of lead screw and nut and eliminating gap

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of grinding machine female screw rod adjustment, in particular to a numerical control thread grinding machine capable of automatically adjusting balance of a screw rod and a nut and eliminating a gap, which comprises a bearing mechanism, a machine frame, a V-shaped guide rail and a working table. The stepping mechanism comprises a female screw rod, a movable sleeve and a floating block; the lifting mechanism comprises a fixed seat and a carrier roller; by moving the movable sleeve and automatically adjusting up and down when a gap is generated, it is ensured that the movable sleeve is attached to the female screw rod all the time, the gap is eliminated, precision is improved, the split movable sleeve and the screw rod move forwards in a threaded rotation fit mode, a full stroke can be achieved under the condition that the fixing base is not lifted, errors caused by lifting of the fixing base are avoided, and the position of the carrier roller is freely adjusted; and the inclination deformation degree and direction of the female screw rod are judged through the pointer, the larger the deformation is, the larger the rebound reset force is, and finally automatic compensation of the gap between the female screw rod and the movable sleeve and automatic compensation of left-right high-low tiny errors in the assembling process of the female screw rod and the guide rail are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of the adjustment of the master screw of a grinding machine, in particular to a numerical control thread grinding machine for automatically adjusting the balance between a screw rod and a nut and eliminating clearance. Background Art

[0002] A high-efficiency numerical control thread grinding machine is a high-precision machine tool specialized for thread processing, which is widely used in fields such as aviation, aerospace, automotive, and precision machinery manufacturing. Therefore, it is very important to develop a high-precision thread grinding machine.

[0003] The Chinese patent with the publication number of CN204800078U discloses a horizontal thread grinding machine, including a base. A workbench is arranged at the upper end of the base. A transverse guide rail is arranged at the front end of the workbench. A transverse sliding table is arranged at the upper end of the guide rail. A tailstock sliding table is arranged at the upper end of the transverse sliding table. A dividing head is fixedly arranged on one side of the tailstock sliding table, and a tailstock is movably arranged on the other side. The dividing head and the tailstock cooperate to fix a workpiece. A longitudinal guide rail perpendicular to the middle of the transverse guide rail is arranged at the rear end of the workbench. A longitudinal sliding table is arranged at the upper end of the longitudinal guide rail. A screw rod motor assembly is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the longitudinal sliding table. A processing grinding wheel is arranged at the front end of the screw rod motor assembly. The layout of each component on the grinding machine of the utility model is reasonable. The workpiece dividing head is fixed, which reduces the movement clearance caused by the left and right movement of the dividing head, has high processing precision, the angle adjuster effectively trims the grinding wheel, has a wide application range, and has a high degree of automation controlled by a servo drive motor, greatly improving the processing efficiency.

[0004] However, when the upper workbench of the above thread grinding machine moves on the master screw, there may be a certain clearance between the upper workbench and the master screw. In addition, the length of the master screw of the existing thread grinding machine is generally several meters or even more than ten meters. Due to various reasons, the master screw is very easy to deform and generate clearance. The clearance is generally small, but as the workbench and the workpiece to be processed clamped and fixed on it move together, the thread error caused by the tiny clearance will increase, affecting the quality and tolerance of the final product. At the same time, the fixing seat that fixes the master screw needs to be lifted in the existing technology to allow the workbench to pass through. However, each time it is lifted and comes into contact with the master screw again, it will cause a tiny deformation of the master screw, thus affecting the thread processing error. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of this part is to outline some aspects of the embodiments of the utility model and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this part, the abstract of the specification, and the title of the utility model to avoid obscuring the purpose of this part, the abstract of the specification, and the title of the utility model. However, such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the utility model.

[0006] In view of the problems that the lifting of these fixing seats easily causes clearance of the master screw and results in low processing precision, the present utility model is proposed.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions: A numerically controlled thread grinding machine for automatically adjusting the balance and eliminating the clearance between a lead screw and a nut, which includes a loading mechanism, comprising a frame, V-shaped guide rails symmetrically opened on the upper end surface of the frame, and a workbench slidably disposed on the V-shaped guide rails;

[0008] A stepping mechanism, comprising a female lead screw rotatably disposed within the frame, a moving sleeve movably sleeved on the outer wall of the female lead screw, and a floating block disposed on the outer wall of the moving sleeve. A precision sliding groove is opened on the lower end surface of the workbench, and the floating block is movably disposed within the precision sliding groove;

[0009] A lifting mechanism, comprising a fixed seat disposed within the frame and a roller disposed on the fixed seat. The roller is rotatably attached to the outer wall of the female lead screw.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the numerically controlled thread grinding machine for automatically adjusting the balance and eliminating the clearance between the lead screw and the nut of the present utility model, wherein: A fixed seat is provided on the inner wall of the frame, a precision sliding rod is vertically slidably disposed on the outer wall of the fixed seat, and one end surface of the precision sliding rod is rotatably connected to the roller.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the numerically controlled thread grinding machine for automatically adjusting the balance and eliminating the clearance between the lead screw and the nut of the present utility model, wherein: An inclined column is provided at one end of the precision sliding rod that slides out of the fixed seat, and a limit frame is further provided on the bottom surface of the frame. A first balance rod is slidably disposed within the limit frame.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the numerically controlled thread grinding machine for automatically adjusting the balance and eliminating the clearance between the lead screw and the nut of the present utility model, wherein: A deviation correction groove is opened on the outer wall of the first balance rod, and a precision sliding sleeve is further provided on the inner wall of the frame.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the numerically controlled thread grinding machine for automatically adjusting the balance and eliminating the clearance between the lead screw and the nut of the present utility model, wherein: A second balance rod is slidably disposed within the precision sliding sleeve, and the second balance rod is perpendicular to the first balance rod.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the numerically controlled thread grinding machine for automatically adjusting the balance and eliminating the clearance between the lead screw and the nut of the present utility model, wherein: A rack is eccentrically provided at one end of the roller away from the precision sliding rod through a bearing, and a gear disc is meshed with the outer wall of the rack.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the numerically controlled thread grinding machine for automatically adjusting the balance and eliminating the clearance between the lead screw and the nut of the present utility model, wherein: A pointer is provided on the outer wall of the gear disc, and the pointer is vertically upward in the initial state.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: By designing a movable moving sleeve, it can automatically adjust up and down when there is a gap in the female lead screw, ensuring that it always fits with the female lead screw, eliminating the gap, thereby improving the accuracy. The split moving sleeve advances in rotational cooperation with the thread of the lead screw and can complete the whole process without lifting the fixed seat, avoiding the errors caused by the lifting of the fixed seat. The idler roller can freely adjust its position and always fits with the female lead screw for limit fixation, thus reducing the errors caused by deformation. The inclination deformation degree and direction of the female lead screw are judged by the pointer. The greater the deformation, the greater the resilience restoring force, preventing slippage. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings. Among them:

[0018] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of a numerically controlled thread grinding machine for automatically adjusting the balance and eliminating the gap between the lead screw and the nut of the present utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the stepping mechanism of the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of the stepping mechanism of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the idler roller and the female lead screw of the present utility model.

[0022] Figure 5 It is an internal schematic diagram of the bearing mechanism of the present utility model.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pointer area of the present utility model.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a side schematic diagram of the floating block and the precision sliding groove of the present utility model.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a side schematic diagram of the moving sleeve of the present utility model.

[0026] Figure 9 It is a front schematic diagram of the moving sleeve of the present utility model.

[0027] Figure 10 It is a sectional schematic diagram of the area of the female lead screw and the base of the present utility model.

[0028] Figure 11 It is a side view of the structure of the area of the female lead screw and the base of the present utility model.

[0029] Reference numerals:

[0030] 100, bearing mechanism; 101, frame; 1015, platform; 1016, precision slide bar; 1017, inclined column; 1018, limit frame; 1019, first balance bar; 102, V-shaped guide rail; 1021, deviation correction groove; 1022, precision sliding sleeve; 1023, second balance bar; 1024, rack; 1025, toothed disc; 1026, pointer; 103, workbench; 1031, precision slide groove;

[0031] 200, stepping mechanism; 201, female screw rod; 202, moving sleeve; 203, floating block;

[0032] 300, lifting mechanism; 301, fixed seat; 302, roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0034] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0035] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] Reference Figures 1-5 , which is the first embodiment of the utility model, includes a bearing mechanism 100, a stepping mechanism 200, and a lifting mechanism 300. By designing a movable movable sleeve 202, it automatically adjusts up and down when a gap occurs in the mother screw rod 201, ensuring that it always fits with the mother screw rod 201 and eliminates the gap, thereby improving the accuracy. The split movable sleeve 202 rotates and moves forward with the thread of the screw rod, and can complete the entire journey without raising or lowering the fixed seat 301, avoiding the error caused by the raising or lowering of the fixed seat 301.

[0038] Specifically, a CNC thread grinder for automatically balancing a screw rod and a nut and eliminating clearances comprises:

[0039] The carrying mechanism 100 comprises a frame 101, a V-shaped guide rail 102 symmetrically arranged on the upper end surface of the frame 101, and a workbench 103 slidably arranged on the V-shaped guide rail 102;

[0040] The stepping mechanism 200 includes a female screw rod 201 rotatably arranged in the frame 101, a moving sleeve 202 movably arranged on the outer wall of the female screw rod 201, and a floating block 203 arranged on the outer wall of the moving sleeve 202. A precision slide groove 1031 is opened on the lower end surface of the workbench 103, and the floating block 203 is movably arranged in the precision slide groove 1031;

[0041] The lifting mechanism 300 includes a fixed seat 301 disposed in the frame 101 and a roller 302 disposed on the fixed seat 301 . The roller 302 is rotatably attached to the outer wall of the female screw rod 201 .

[0042] The inner wall of the movable sleeve 202 is provided with a triangular thread, and the surface of the female screw rod 201 is provided with a triangular thread groove, so that the movable sleeve 202 can drive the workbench 103 to move through the floating block 203 while rotating on the female screw rod 201.

[0043] Furthermore, the lower end of the movable sleeve 202 is cut horizontally. In this embodiment, 1 / 3 of the lower end of the movable sleeve 202 is cut, and the cut surface is horizontal, so that the movable sleeve 202 can pass directly without the roller 302 being raised or lowered.

[0044] Preferably, since the mother screw rod 201 is long and has a large deadweight, a fixing seat 301 is set every 150 mm on the lower side of the outer wall of the mother screw rod 201, and four rollers 302 are symmetrically arranged on the center of the fixing seat 301. The four rollers 302 are simultaneously attached to and rotated with the mother screw rod 201 to play an auxiliary supporting role.

[0045] Among them, after the roller 302 is lifted, the roller 302 does not collide with the mother screw rod 201 hard to cause damage, and the floating block 203 can slide up and down in the precision slide groove 1031.

[0046] More preferably, when the mother screw rod 201 tilts forward or backward, the movable sleeve 202 can be tilted by about 2-5 threads in the precision slide groove 1031 through the floating block 203, so that the internal thread of the movable sleeve 202 is still tightly attached to the external thread of the mother screw rod 201, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the movement of the movable sleeve 202 and the workbench 103 when the mother screw rod 201 rotates.

[0047] When the mother screw rod 201 is deformed to the left or right, the movable sleeve 202 can rotate on the mother screw rod 201 and still maintain a positive position, thereby compensating for the slight error caused by the deformation of the mother screw rod 201 and ultimately improving the processing accuracy.

[0048] More preferably, the floating block 203 is limited by the thread of the interlocking plate to prevent the floating block 203 from slipping out of the precision slide groove 1031, and the cutting height of the movable sleeve 202 is higher than the highest height of the roller 302, so that the movable sleeve 202 can pass smoothly without lifting the roller 302 and the fixed seat 301, thereby eliminating the error caused by the lifting process of the roller 302 and the fixed seat 301.

[0049] Among them, in this embodiment, since the movable sleeve 202 is cut open, it is impossible to adopt ball screw transmission, so a triangular thread line is used to reduce transmission resistance, improve the displacement accuracy of the movable sleeve 202, and ultimately improve the processing accuracy of the threaded screw.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] Reference Figures 1 to 4 , which is the second embodiment of the utility model. This embodiment is based on the previous embodiment, but the difference is that the position of the roller 302 can be freely adjusted and is always fitted with the mother screw rod 201 for limit fixing, thereby reducing the error caused by deformation.

[0052] Specifically, a fixing seat 301 is disposed on the inner wall of the frame 101 , and a precision slide bar 1016 is vertically slidably disposed on the outer wall of the fixing seat 301 , and one end surface of the precision slide bar 1016 is rotatably connected to the roller 302 .

[0053] More preferably, the precision slide bar 1016 is rotatably connected to the roller 302 via a bearing, and the precision slide bar 1016 is rotatably disposed on the outer side end surface of the roller 302. When the precision slide bar 1016 slides up and down along the fixed seat 301, it will drive the roller 302 to float up and down.

[0054] Among them, an end of the precision slide rod 1016 that slides out of the fixed seat 301 is provided with an inclined column 1017, and the bottom surface of the frame 101 is also provided with a limit frame 1018, and a first balance rod 1019 is slidably provided in the limit frame 1018.

[0055] Furthermore, the lower end surface of the inclined column 1017 is beveled, the limit frame 1018 is I-shaped, and the two first balance rods 1019 are slidably arranged on the two side walls of the limit frame 1018. The first balance rod 1019 is an isosceles trapezoid and the inclination angle of the hypotenuse is 45°. The bevel angle of the inclined column 1017 slides and fits with the hypotenuse of the first balance rod 1019.

[0056] Among them, when the mother screw rod 201 undergoes a slight deformation and tilts backward, the roller 302 on the rear side is pressed downward and moves, driving the inclined column 1017 to move downward through the precision slide rod 1016. At the same time, due to the sliding fit between the inclined angle and the inclined edge of the first balance rod 1019, the first balance rod 1019 is pushed forward.

[0057] Meanwhile, the other end of the first balance rod 1019 pushes the inclined column 1017 on the front side to rise, causing the front idler 302 to rise and continue to fit with the deformed female lead screw 201, and continue to carry out load limiting to prevent the error from increasing continuously and prevent the further increase of the dimensional error caused by the insufficient clamping and fixing after the slight deformation of the female lead screw 201.

[0058] Preferably, a deviation correction groove 1021 is formed on the outer wall of the first balance rod 1019, and a precision sliding sleeve 1022 is further provided on the inner wall of the frame 101. A second balance rod 1023 is slidably arranged in the precision sliding sleeve 1022, and the second balance rod 1023 is vertically arranged with respect to the first balance rod 1019.

[0059] Among them, the second balance rod 1023 is also an isosceles trapezoid with an inclined side inclination angle of 45°. The deviation correction groove 1021 is a trapezoidal groove, and both ends of the second balance rod 1023 are slidably connected with the deviation correction grooves 1021 on both sides. In this embodiment, the first balance rod 1019 is always in contact with the inclined column 1017 under the push of a spring.

[0060] Furthermore, after the female lead screw 201 is displaced to the left, the two idlers 302 on the left side are lowered as a whole, and push the first balance rod 1019 to move downward against the spring force, thereby pushing the second balance rod 1023 to move to the right through the deviation correction groove 1021, causing the right inclined column 1017 and the first balance rod 1019 to move upward, and causing the idler 302 to move upward and continue to limit and fix the outer wall of the female lead screw 201.

[0061] Embodiment 3

[0062] Refer to Figures 1 to 5 , which is the third embodiment of the present utility model. This embodiment is based on the previous embodiment. The difference is that the inclination deformation degree and direction of the female lead screw 201 are judged by the pointer 1026. The greater the deformation, the greater the spring-back restoring force to prevent slipping.

[0063] Specifically, a rack 1024 is eccentrically arranged at one end of the idler 302 away from the precision slide bar 1016 through a bearing. A gear disc 1025 is meshed on the outer wall of the rack 1024, and a pointer 1026 is arranged on the outer wall of the gear disc 1025. The pointer 1026 is vertically upward in the initial state.

[0064] Among them, the two racks 1024 on the adjacent sides of the two idlers 302 are symmetrically arranged about the center. And under the bearing and limit, the rack 1024 can only move up and down with the idler 302 without rotating. A bracket is rotatably arranged below the gear disc 1025. The bracket slidably penetrates through the fixed seat 301 and is connected with the frame 101 through a spring.

[0065] Preferably, the spring is made of high-carbon steel. When the unidirectional rack 1024 rotates, the gear disk 1025 only rotates. When the two racks 1024 on both sides move towards each other, they drive the gear disk 1025 to rise or fall.

[0066] Preferably, when the mother lead screw 201 tilts forward and backward, the two idler rollers 302 on the same side generate relative displacement and fit on the surface of the mother lead screw 201. The relative displacement height is related to the tilt angle of the mother lead screw 201. At this time, the movement directions of the racks 1024 on both sides of the gear disk 1025 are opposite, and the rotation angle of the gear disk 1025 driven is related to the tilt angle of the mother lead screw 201, and the rotation direction is related to the tilt direction of the mother lead screw 201. Thus, the tilt degree of the mother lead screw 201 can be judged in real time according to the rotation angle direction of the pointer 1026.

[0067] Meanwhile, when the mother lead screw 201 tilts left and right, the two idler rollers 302 on the same side generate the same-direction displacement and continue to fit on the surface of the mother lead screw 201. The displacement height is related to the offset degree of the mother lead screw 201. The greater the offset degree, the more the two idler rollers 302 sink, and the greater the downward displacement distance of the gear disk 1025 overcoming the spring elasticity.

[0068] Preferably, the greater the displacement distance, the greater the spring resilience force, and the greater the force to push the mother lead screw 201 back to its original position, thereby preventing the mother lead screw 201 from completely disengaging from the idler rollers 302, realizing the automatic compensation of the gap between the mother lead screw 201 and the moving sleeve 202 and the automatic compensation of the slight left-right height error in the assembly of the mother lead screw 201 and the guide rail, and improving the machining accuracy.

[0069] Embodiment 4

[0070] Refer to Figures 7-11 , which is the fourth embodiment of the present utility model. This embodiment is based on the previous embodiment. The difference is that the structure of the moving sleeve 202 is optimized to meet the needs of mass production.

[0071] Preferably, as shown in Figure 8 , the moving sleeve 202 is divided into a fixed split moving sleeve and a moving split moving sleeve. The upper and lower parts are detachably connected by bolts to realize the automatic compensation of the slight error between the mother lead screw 201 and the guide rail.

[0072] Preferably, as shown in Figures 7-9 , the moving sleeve 202 is divided into two nut parts. The two nuts are connected by a double-nut fixing pin. A gap adjustment spring and a gap adjustment rod screw are arranged between the two nuts to control the gap between them.

[0073] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 10 , the mother lead screw 201 and the moving sleeve 202 adopt an arc tooth profile, making the transmission smoother, reducing wear, and the two nuts of the moving sleeve 202 are all-copper double nuts.

[0074] Among them, in this embodiment, the fixed seat 301 and the idler 302 rotate through a roller bearing, and at the same time, the roller bearing is floating and finely adjusted by setting an adjusting spring, so that the idler 302 can still achieve up-and-down floating and fine adjustment while reducing the cost, improving the production and assembly efficiency.

[0075] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A CNC thread grinder for automatically balancing and eliminating gaps between a screw rod and a nut, characterized in that: include, The bearing mechanism (100) comprises a frame (101), a V-shaped guide rail (102) symmetrically arranged on the upper end surface of the frame (101), and a workbench (103) slidably arranged on the V-shaped guide rail (102); The stepping mechanism (200) comprises a mother screw rod (201) rotatably arranged in the frame (101), a moving sleeve (202) movably arranged on the outer wall of the mother screw rod (201), and a floating block (203) arranged on the outer wall of the moving sleeve (202); a precision slide groove (1031) is formed on the lower end surface of the workbench (103), and the floating block (203) is movably arranged in the precision slide groove (1031); The lifting mechanism (300) comprises a fixed seat (301) arranged in the frame (101) and a roller (302) arranged on the fixed seat (301), wherein the roller (302) is rotatably fitted to the outer wall of the female screw rod (201).

2. The CNC thread grinder for automatically balancing and eliminating gaps between a screw rod and a nut as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed seat (301) is provided on the inner wall of the frame (101), and a precision slide bar (1016) is provided on the outer wall of the fixed seat (301) for vertical sliding movement, and one end surface of the precision slide bar (1016) is rotatably connected to the roller (302).

3. The CNC thread grinder for automatically balancing and eliminating gaps between a screw rod and a nut as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: An inclined column (1017) is provided at one end of the precision slide bar (1016) that slides out of the fixing seat (301), and a limit frame (1018) is also provided on the bottom surface of the frame (101), and a first balance bar (1019) is slidably provided inside the limit frame (1018).

4. The CNC thread grinder for automatically balancing and eliminating gaps between a screw rod and a nut as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the first balance bar (1019) is provided with a deviation correction groove (1021), and the inner wall of the frame (101) is also provided with a precision sliding sleeve (1022).

5. The CNC thread grinder for automatically balancing and eliminating gaps between a screw rod and a nut as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A second balance rod (1023) is slidably disposed in the precision sliding sleeve (1022), and the second balance rod (1023) is vertically disposed with respect to the first balance rod (1019).

6. The CNC thread grinder for automatically balancing and eliminating gaps between a screw rod and a nut as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the roller (302) away from the precision slide bar (1016) is eccentrically provided with a rack (1024) through a bearing, and the outer wall of the rack (1024) is meshed with a toothed disc (1025).

7. The CNC thread grinder for automatically balancing and eliminating gaps between a screw rod and a nut as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the toothed disc (1025) is provided with a pointer (1026), and the pointer (1026) is vertically upward in an initial state.

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