Three-dimensional five-axis transmission device and three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of laser cutting, and provides a three-dimensional five-axis transmission device which comprises a C-axis rotating mechanism and an A-axis rotating mechanism. The C-axis rotating mechanism comprises a C-axis body and a C-axis rotating table for driving the C-axis body to rotate around a C axis; the A-axis rotating mechanism is mounted on the C-axis body; the A-axis rotating mechanism comprises an A-axis turntable, an A-axis transmission shaft and an A-axis rotating shaft; the A-axis transmission shaft and the A-axis rotating shaft are rotationally mounted on the C-axis body, and the A-axis transmission shaft and the C-axis body are coaxially arranged; the A-axis turntable is connected to one end, close to the C-axis turntable, of the A-axis transmission shaft and drives the A-axis transmission shaft to rotate; the other end of the A-axis transmission shaft is connected with an A-axis rotating shaft through a rotating reversing assembly; the A-axis transmission shaft drives the A-axis rotating shaft to rotate around the A axis, and the rotating axis of the A-axis transmission shaft is perpendicular to the rotating axis of the A-axis rotating shaft. According to the device, an A-axis driving part and a C-axis driving part are installed at the same end, and when the device is used for laser cutting, the terminal size of a cutting head is reduced, and interference in the cutting process is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of laser cutting, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional five-axis transmission device and a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head. Background Technique

[0002] Laser cutting is to use a laser beam to pass through an optical path and then irradiate the surface of a workpiece to be processed through a nozzle to complete the cutting of the material. Nowadays, laser cutting technology has been widely used in various industries. In addition to cutting standardized plates and pipes, the demand for cutting three-dimensional workpieces with complex curved surface structures is also gradually increasing. The three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting system is widely used in the laser cutting of three-dimensional metal sheet metal parts and metal pipe parts, and is a high-efficiency and high-intelligent processing equipment for parts made of materials such as high-strength steel, hot-formed steel, low-carbon steel, galvanized sheet, aluminum, and stainless steel in the automotive industry. The existing three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting heads generally have a relatively large volume, with more interference positions during the cutting of parts with complex shapes, and relatively large limitations in universality. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the problems of the relatively large volume and limited cutting of the existing three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head.

[0004] To this end, the utility model provides a three-dimensional five-axis transmission device, which includes a C-axis rotation mechanism and an A-axis rotation mechanism; the C-axis rotation mechanism includes a C-axis body and a C-axis turntable for driving the C-axis body to rotate around the C-axis; the A-axis rotation mechanism is installed on the C-axis body; the A-axis rotation mechanism includes an A-axis turntable, an A-axis transmission shaft, and an A-axis rotating shaft; both the A-axis transmission shaft and the A-axis rotating shaft are rotatably installed on the C-axis body, and the A-axis transmission shaft is coaxially arranged with the C-axis body; the A-axis turntable is connected to one end of the A-axis transmission shaft close to the C-axis turntable and drives the A-axis transmission shaft to rotate; the other end of the A-axis transmission shaft is connected to the A-axis rotating shaft through a rotation commutation component; the A-axis transmission shaft drives the A-axis rotating shaft to rotate around the A-axis, and the rotation axis of the A-axis transmission shaft is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the A-axis rotating shaft.

[0005] Specifically, the above rotation commutation component includes a first A-axis commutation gear and a second A-axis commutation gear; the commutation connecting piece is connected to the A-axis transmission shaft; the first A-axis commutation gear is connected to the commutation connecting piece; the second A-axis commutation gear is sleeved on the A-axis rotating shaft; the first A-axis commutation gear meshes with the second A-axis commutation gear.

[0006] Specifically, the A-axis transmission shaft and the commutation connecting piece are connected through a coupling.

[0007] Specifically, the above-mentioned A-axis rotation mechanism further includes an A-axis drive device; the output end of the A-axis drive device is connected to the A-axis turntable; the C-axis rotation mechanism further includes a C-axis drive device; the output end of the C-axis drive device is connected to the C-axis turntable.

[0008] Specifically, the above-mentioned C-axis rotation mechanism further includes a C-axis slip ring; the C-axis turntable is connected to the C-axis body through the C-axis slip ring.

[0009] The present utility model also provides a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head, which includes a cutting mechanism and the above-mentioned three-dimensional five-axis transmission device; the cutting mechanism is connected to the A-axis rotating shaft; an optical channel for laser propagation is provided in the A-axis transmission shaft, the A-axis rotating shaft, and the cutting mechanism.

[0010] Specifically, the above-mentioned cutting mechanism includes a follow-up component, a focusing lens component, a diagonal mirror component, and a sensor component; the diagonal mirror component is connected to the A-axis rotating shaft; the focusing lens component and the diagonal mirror component are connected in a follow-up manner through the follow-up component; the sensor component is connected to the focusing lens component.

[0011] Specifically, the above-mentioned follow-up component includes a drive motor; the drive motor is connected to the diagonal mirror component; the output end of the drive motor is connected to the focusing lens component.

[0012] Specifically, the above-mentioned three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head further includes a collimation mechanism; the collimation mechanism is connected to the A-axis turntable.

[0013] Specifically, the collimation mechanism includes an optical fiber output component, a protective mirror component, a collimating mirror component, and an optical path adjustment component; the optical fiber output component is connected to the protective mirror component; the protective mirror component is connected to the collimating mirror component; the collimating mirror component is connected to the optical path adjustment component; the optical path adjustment component is connected to the A-axis turntable.

[0014] Specifically, the above-mentioned three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head further includes an anti-collision mechanism; the anti-collision mechanism includes a first anti-collision part and a second anti-collision part; the first anti-collision part is connected to the A-axis rotating shaft; the second anti-collision part is connected to the cutting mechanism; the connection between the first anti-collision part and the second anti-collision part is a disconnectable connection.

[0015] Specifically, a proximity switch for controlling the operation or termination of the three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head is installed on the above-mentioned first anti-collision part.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0017] The three-dimensional five-axis drive device provided by the present utility model changes the A / C axis drive part, which is placed at the working end of the cutting head in a conventional three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, to be installed at the distal end of the cutting head, reducing the volume of the cutting head terminal and reducing the interference caused to the cutting head by parts with complex shapes during cutting, and enabling high-speed cutting. In addition, the drive mode of the A / C axis can adopt the structural form of an ordinary servo motor + hollow reducer, and the large torque output is realized through the reducer, improving the start-up acceleration and deceleration of the A / C axis, thereby improving the cutting efficiency of complex three-dimensional parts.

[0018] The following will further elaborate on the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head provided by the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the collimating mechanism structure of a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head provided by the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the first part of the A-axis rotation mechanism and C-axis rotation mechanism of a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head provided by the present utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the second part of the A-axis rotation mechanism and C-axis rotation mechanism of a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head provided by the present utility model.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cutting mechanism structure of a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head provided by the present utility model.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the anti-collision mechanism structure of a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head provided by the present utility model.

[0025] Description of reference numerals: 1. Collimating mechanism; 101. Optical fiber output component; 102. Protective mirror component; 103. Collimating mirror component; 104. Optical path adjustment component; 2. A-axis rotating mechanism; 201. A-axis turntable; 202. A-axis transmission shaft; 203. Coupling; 204. Commutating connecting piece; 205. First A-axis commutation gear; 206. Second A-axis commutation gear; 207. A-axis driving device; 208. A-axis rotating shaft; 3. C-axis rotating mechanism; 301. C-axis turntable; 302. Pneumatic slip ring transition seat; 303. Pneumatic slip ring; 304. Electrical slip ring; 305. C-axis body; 306. C-axis driving device; 4. Reflecting mirror component; 5. Anti-collision mechanism; 501. First anti-collision part; 502. Proximity switch; 503. Magnet; 504. Second anti-collision part; 6. Cutting mechanism; 601. Oblique reflecting mirror component; 602. Follow-up component; 603. Focusing mirror component. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0028] The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features; in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0029] Refer to Figures 1-5, the present utility model provides a three-dimensional five-axis transmission device, including a C-axis rotation mechanism 3 and an A-axis rotation mechanism 2; the C-axis rotation mechanism 3 includes a C-axis body 305 and a C-axis turntable 301 for driving the C-axis body 305 to rotate around the C-axis; the A-axis rotation mechanism 2 is installed on the C-axis body 305; the A-axis rotation mechanism 2 includes an A-axis turntable 201, an A-axis transmission shaft 202 and an A-axis rotating shaft 208; the A-axis transmission shaft 202 and the A-axis rotating shaft 208 are both rotatably installed on the C-axis body 305, and the A-axis transmission shaft 202 is coaxially arranged with the C-axis body 305; the A-axis turntable 201 is connected to one end of the A-axis transmission shaft 202 close to the C-axis turntable 301 and drives the A-axis transmission shaft 202 to rotate; the other end of the A-axis transmission shaft 202 is connected to the A-axis rotating shaft 208 through a rotation commutation component; the A-axis transmission shaft 202 drives the A-axis rotating shaft 208 to rotate around the A-axis, and the rotation axis of the A-axis transmission shaft 202 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the A-axis rotating shaft 208.

[0030] During use, the C-axis turntable 301 drives the C-axis body 305 to rotate around the C-axis, thereby driving the A-axis rotation mechanism 2 to rotate around the C-axis together. Since the A-axis transmission shaft 202 is coaxially arranged with the C-axis body 305, generally, the A-axis turntable 201 can be selected to drive the A-axis transmission shaft 202 to rotate around the C-axis, and the rotation axis of the A-axis rotating shaft 208 connected thereto is changed by the rotation commutation component at the other end of the A-axis transmission shaft 202, so that the A-axis rotating shaft 208 rotates around the A-axis. The C-axis is generally a vertical axis, and the A-axis is generally a horizontal axis.

[0031] Furthermore, the rotation commutation component includes a commutation connecting member 204, a first A-axis commutation gear 205, and a second A-axis commutation gear 206. As Figure 4 shown, the A-axis transmission shaft 202 can extend along the C-axis direction and rotate around the C-axis, and the A-axis rotating shaft 208 can extend along the A-axis direction and rotate around the A-axis. The end of the A-axis transmission shaft 202 is connected to the commutation connecting member 204, preferably through a coupling 203. The first A-axis commutation gear 205 is connected to the commutation connecting member 204, so that the commutation connecting member 204 can drive the first A-axis commutation gear 205 to rotate under the drive of the A-axis transmission shaft 202. The second A-axis commutation gear 206 is sleeved on the A-axis rotating shaft 208, and the first A-axis commutation gear 205 meshes with the second A-axis commutation gear 206, so as to play a role of 90-degree commutation, enabling the A-axis rotating shaft 208 to rotate around the A-axis under the drive of the commutation connecting member 204. At this time, according to actual needs, a working device such as a cutting head can be connected to one end of the A-axis rotating shaft 208, so that the transmission device can drive the working device to rotate synchronously.

[0032] Specifically, the A-axis rotating mechanism 2 further includes an A-axis driving device 207; the output end of the A-axis driving device 207 is connected to the A-axis turntable 201; the C-axis rotating mechanism 3 further includes a C-axis driving device 306; the output end of the C-axis driving device 306 is connected to the C-axis turntable 301. The A-axis driving device 207 and the C-axis driving device 306 preferably adopt a connected servo motor and a hollow reducer, and the servo motor drives the hollow reducer to drive the respective corresponding turntables to rotate.

[0033] Furthermore, the C-axis rotating mechanism 3 further includes a C-axis slip ring; the C-axis turntable 301 is connected to the C-axis body 305 through the C-axis slip ring. The C-axis slip ring preferably includes an air slip ring 303 and an electrical slip ring 304. One end of the air slip ring 303 is connected to the C-axis turntable 301 through an air slip ring transition seat 302, and the other end is connected to the electrical slip ring 304. The C-axis body 305 is connected to the electrical slip ring 304.

[0034] The present utility model also provides a three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head, which includes a cutting mechanism 6 and the above-mentioned three-dimensional five-axis transmission device; the cutting mechanism 6 is connected to the A-axis rotating shaft 208. The C-axis rotating mechanism 3 and the A-axis rotating mechanism 2 can be hollowly arranged, and an optical channel for laser propagation is formed inside according to actual conditions to ensure that the laser can enter the cutting mechanism 6 and then complete the cutting.

[0035] In one embodiment, as Figure 5 shown, the cutting mechanism 6 includes a follow-up component 602, a focusing lens component 603, a diagonal mirror component 601 and a sensor component; the diagonal mirror component 601 is connected to the A-axis rotating shaft 208; the focusing lens component 603 is connected to the diagonal mirror component 601 through the follow-up component 602 in a follow-up manner; the sensor component is connected to the focusing lens component 603. The focusing lens component 603 and the diagonal mirror component 601 can be hollowly arranged, and an optical channel for laser propagation is formed inside. The laser is reflected by the diagonal mirror component 601 and then emitted from the focusing lens component 603 for cutting. During the cutting process, according to the induction result fed back by the sensor component, the follow-up component 602 adjusts the position of the focusing component to realize the follow-up cutting function of the cutting head.

[0036] Furthermore, the follow-up component 602 includes a driving motor; the driving motor is connected to the diagonal mirror component 601; the output end of the driving motor is connected to the focusing lens component 603 through a lead screw. The driving motor is preferably a lead screw motor, and the output shaft of the motor is the lead screw, which can reduce a coupling 203 between the motor and the lead screw, thereby reducing the size in the length direction.

[0037] Optionally, the diagonal mirror assembly 601 includes a diagonal mirror base and a diagonal mirror. The diagonal mirror base is hollow to form an optical channel. The diagonal mirror is mounted on the diagonal mirror base and located within the optical channel. The focusing mirror assembly 603 includes a focusing mirror, a focusing mirror mount, and a nozzle. The focusing mirror mount is hollow to form an optical channel. The focusing mirror is mounted within the focusing mirror mount. The nozzle is disposed at the end of the optical channel of the focusing mirror mount. The laser beam forms a focused light through the focusing mirror and is emitted from the nozzle, forming a focal point on the surface of the object to be cut for cutting.

[0038] The cutting mechanism 6 can also select other feasible devices in the art according to actual needs.

[0039] In one embodiment, a mirror assembly 4 is provided within the C-axis rotation mechanism 3, and the laser is reflected to the cutting mechanism 6 through the mirror assembly 4.

[0040] Optionally, the mirror assembly 4 includes a mirror, a mirror mount, an adjustment base, an adjustment nut, and an adjustment screw. After connecting the mirror to the mirror mount, it is installed on the adjustment base. Then, the adjustment base is installed on the base through the adjustment nut and the adjustment screw. By changing the position of the adjustment base through the adjustment nut and the adjustment screw, the incident angle of the mirror is changed to ensure the accuracy of the optical path.

[0041] In a refined embodiment, the three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head further includes a collimation mechanism 1; the collimation mechanism 1 is connected to the A-axis turntable 201. The collimation mechanism 1 can select other feasible devices in the art according to actual needs.

[0042] Specifically, the collimation mechanism 1 includes a fiber optic output component 101, a protective mirror component 102, a collimating mirror component 103, and an optical path adjustment component 104. The fiber optic output component 101 is connected to the protective mirror component 102. The protective mirror component 102 is connected to the collimating mirror component 103. The collimating mirror component 103 is connected to the optical path adjustment component 104. The optical path adjustment component 104 is connected to the A-axis turntable 201. The fiber optic output component 101 can be a QBH component. The QBH component and the collimating mirror component 103 can make the divergent laser light form parallel light through focusing. The optical path adjustment component 104 can be used to adjust the laser beam so that it is at the center of the optical channel and remains in the vertical direction. An optical channel is formed among the protective mirror component 102, the collimating mirror component 103, and the optical path adjustment component 104, and the laser output by the fiber optic output device can enter the rotation mechanism through this optical channel.

[0043] In order to protect the rotating mechanism from greater damage and reduce losses when the cutting mechanism 6 collides with the workpiece, the three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head further includes an anti-collision mechanism 5; the anti-collision mechanism 5 includes a first anti-collision part 501 and a second anti-collision part 504; the first anti-collision part 501 is connected to the A-axis rotating shaft 208; the second anti-collision part 504 is connected to the cutting mechanism 6; the connection between the first anti-collision part 501 and the second anti-collision part 504 is a disconnectable connection, preferably attracted by a magnet 503. When the cutting head collides, the second anti-collision part 504 falls off, and the cutting mechanism 6 is separated from the A-axis rotating shaft 208, protecting the C-axis rotating mechanism 3 and the A-axis rotating mechanism 2.

[0044] Specifically, an upper circuit board, an electromagnet 503 and a lower circuit board are provided between the first anti-collision part 501 and the second anti-collision part 504. The upper circuit board and the electromagnet 503 are fixed on the first anti-collision part 501, and the lower circuit board is fixed on the second anti-collision part 504. The upper circuit board and the lower circuit board are connected by contacts. When the cutting mechanism 6 collides with the processed object, a displacement occurs between the first anti-collision part 501 and the second anti-collision part 504, the contacts are disconnected, and the cutting mechanism 6 is separated from the A-axis rotating shaft 208.

[0045] Preferably, a proximity switch 502 is installed on the first anti-collision part 501; the proximity switch 502 shuts down the three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head by sending a signal to prevent greater losses.

[0046] The above examples are only illustrative of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any design identical or similar to the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional five-axis transmission device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a C-axis rotation mechanism (3) and an A-axis rotation mechanism (2); the C-axis rotation mechanism (3) comprises a C-axis body (305) and a C-axis turntable (301) for driving the C-axis body (305) to rotate around the C-axis; the A-axis rotation mechanism (2) is mounted on the C-axis body (305); the A-axis rotation mechanism (2) comprises an A-axis turntable (201), an A-axis transmission shaft (202) and an A-axis rotating shaft (208); the A-axis transmission shaft (202) and the A-axis rotating shaft (208) are both rotatably mounted on the C-axis body (305) The A-axis transmission shaft (202) is coaxially arranged with the C-axis body (305); the A-axis turntable (201) is connected to one end of the A-axis transmission shaft (202) close to the C-axis turntable (301), and drives the A-axis transmission shaft (202) to rotate; the other end of the A-axis transmission shaft (202) is connected to the A-axis rotating shaft (208) via a rotating reversing component; the A-axis transmission shaft (202) drives the A-axis rotating shaft (208) to rotate around the A-axis, and the rotation axis of the A-axis transmission shaft (202) is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the A-axis rotating shaft (208).

2. The three-dimensional five-axis transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation reversing assembly comprises a reversing connecting member (204), a first A-axis reversing gear (205), and a second A-axis reversing gear (206); the reversing connecting member (204) is connected to the A-axis transmission shaft (202); the first A-axis reversing gear (205) is connected to the reversing connecting member (204); the second A-axis reversing gear (206) is sleeved on the A-axis rotating shaft (208); and the first A-axis reversing gear (205) is meshed with the second A-axis reversing gear (206).

3. The three-dimensional five-axis transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The A-axis rotation mechanism (2) further comprises an A-axis driving device (207); the output end of the A-axis driving device (207) is connected to the A-axis turntable (201); the C-axis rotation mechanism (3) further comprises a C-axis driving device (306); the output end of the C-axis driving device (306) is connected to the C-axis turntable (301).

4. The three-dimensional five-axis transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The C-axis rotation mechanism (3) further comprises a C-axis slip ring; the C-axis turntable (301) is connected to the C-axis body (305) via the C-axis slip ring.

5. A three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head, characterized in that: It comprises a cutting mechanism (6) and the three-dimensional five-axis transmission device as described in any one of claims 1 to 4; the cutting mechanism (6) is connected to the A-axis rotating shaft (208); the A-axis transmission shaft (202), the A-axis rotating shaft (208) and the cutting mechanism (6) are provided with an optical channel for laser propagation.

6. The three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The cutting mechanism (6) comprises a follower component (602), a focusing mirror component (603), an oblique reflection mirror component (601) and a sensor component; the oblique reflection mirror component (601) is connected to the A-axis rotating shaft (208); the focusing mirror component (603) and the oblique reflection mirror component (601) are follow-up connected via the follower component (602); and the sensor component is connected to the focusing mirror component (603).

7. The three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head according to claim 6, characterized in that: The follower assembly (602) comprises a driving motor; the driving motor is connected to the oblique reflective mirror assembly (601); and the output end of the driving motor is connected to the focusing mirror assembly (603).

8. The three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: It also comprises a collimation mechanism (1); the collimation mechanism (1) is connected to the A-axis turntable (201).

9. The three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes an anti-collision mechanism (5); the anti-collision mechanism (5) includes a first anti-collision part (501) and a second anti-collision part (504); the first anti-collision part (501) is connected to the A-axis rotating shaft (208); the second anti-collision part (504) is connected to the cutting mechanism (6); the first anti-collision part (501) and the second anti-collision part (504) are disconnectably connected.

10. The three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first anti-collision part (501) is provided with a proximity switch (502) for controlling the operation or termination of the three-dimensional five-axis laser cutting head.

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