Environment-friendly receiving hopper and dust removal system
By designing a closed fence structure and a feed grate plate on the hopper, combined with the dust removal method of the hopper and the side exhaust, the problem of poor air extraction and dust removal in the prior art is solved, and more effective dust removal and environmental protection are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422021794.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-20
AI Technical Summary
The existing exhaust and dust removal system cannot effectively remove dust, causing dust to spread throughout the space, and some dust may escape from holes and gaps, polluting the environment.
An environmentally friendly hopper and dust removal system is designed, including a closed enclosure structure, a material grate plate, a dust gas pipeline and a side air extraction port. The dust is mainly used to pump the hopper and side air extraction as auxiliary, and dust is extracted along the material flow to form a negative pressure to limit the diffusion of dust gas.
It effectively reduces the diffusion of dust, improves the dust removal effect, and avoids dust polluting the environment.
Smart Images
Figure CN222974433U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a material receiving hopper for unloading materials, in particular to an environmentally friendly material receiving hopper and a dust removal system. Background Art
[0002] When dump trucks or train dumpers are unloading materials in metallurgical plants, the materials are usually unloaded into a hopper and then transported to another place by a belt conveyor. In order to control the dust generated during unloading, dust removal or dust suppression measures are usually taken. The existing dust removal or dust suppression methods are divided into two methods: air extraction dust removal and water spray dust suppression.
[0003] The water spray dust suppression method refers to spraying water directly into the dust-producing area after atomization, using the collision and condensation effect of the mist droplets and the dust. After the mist droplets absorb the dust, their diameter increases and they fall on the spot, achieving the purpose of dust suppression. The disadvantages of the water spray dust suppression method are that the dust removal effect is unstable and the material is humidified, as well as the problem of winter antifreeze in cold areas, and there are certain restrictions on the occasions of use. For example, some materials in metallurgical plants are not conducive to subsequent production after humidification, so for these occasions, it is more inclined to use vacuum dust removal.
[0004] The so-called exhaust dust removal process includes capturing dust at the dust generating point, conveying dust in the dust removal pipeline, purifying dust in the dust collector, suction by the fan and discharge from the chimney. The existing exhaust dust removal method is generally to close the unloading area and then exhaust the air in this closed space. The exhaust point is usually set at the top or side of the closed space. This method actually pollutes the large closed space before being extracted. The problem is that the dust is diffused in the entire space. If the air volume is insufficient, some dust may escape from the holes and gaps and pollute the environment. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an environmentally friendly receiving hopper and dust removal system to solve the problem that the existing air extraction dust removal system cannot effectively remove dust.
[0006] The utility model is implemented as follows: an environmentally friendly receiving hopper and dust removal system, including a closed enclosure structure, a grate plate, a dust and gas duct and a side air exhaust port, the closed enclosure structure is located above the receiving hopper, and forms a closed space above the upper port of the receiving hopper, one side of the closed enclosure structure is a flexible shielding curtain, a grate plate is provided at the upper port of the receiving hopper, and a receiving hopper air exhaust port is provided on the grate plate, the receiving hopper air exhaust port is connected to the dust and gas duct, the side air exhaust port is located on one side above the upper port of the receiving hopper and is connected to the dust and gas duct, and the dust and gas duct is connected to a dust collector.
[0007] As a further improvement of the environment-friendly receiving hopper and dust removal system of the present utility model, the first structure of the material passing grate plate is as follows. The material passing grate plate is composed of several ventilation grate bars, and there is a gap between two adjacent ventilation grate bars. The ventilation grate bars are long strip structures with inner cavities. The lower ends of the ventilation grate bars are open to form the air extraction openings of the receiving hopper, and the ends of the ventilation grate bars are communicated with the dust gas pipeline.
[0008] As a further improvement of the environment-friendly receiving hopper and dust removal system of the present utility model, the ventilation grate bars are arranged parallel to each other and are evenly distributed in a certain direction.
[0009] As a further improvement of the environment-friendly receiving hopper and dust removal system of the present utility model, several baffles are arranged at intervals along the length direction at the lower ports of the ventilation grate bars.
[0010] As a further improvement of the environment-friendly receiving hopper and dust removal system of the present utility model, the tops of the ventilation grate bars are inclined surfaces.
[0011] As a further improvement of the environment-friendly receiving hopper and dust removal system of the present utility model, the second structure of the material passing grate plate is as follows. The material passing grate plate is a grid-like structure. One end of the material passing grate plate is the air extraction opening of the receiving hopper, and the air extraction opening of the receiving hopper connects the inner cavity of the lower receiving hopper with the dust gas pipeline.
[0012] As a further improvement of the environment-friendly receiving hopper and dust removal system of the present utility model, a material blocking wall plate is arranged on the material passing grate plate, and the material blocking wall plate is located in front of the air extraction opening of the receiving hopper.
[0013] As a further improvement of the environment-friendly receiving hopper and dust removal system of the present utility model, the flexible shielding curtain includes several vertical flexible curtain plates. The several flexible curtain plates are arranged side by side and are in contact with each other between two adjacent flexible curtain plates.
[0014] The dumping process of a dump truck or a train dumper discharging materials into the receiving hopper can be regarded as a process in which a certain amount of materials fall from a certain height to the silo relying on the gravity of the materials. During the process of a dump truck or a dumper discharging materials into the receiving hopper, the dust generation is divided into two parts. One part of the dust gas is generated during the falling process of the materials. This part of the dust gas is generated along with the falling of the materials and is generated on the path of the falling of the materials and diffuses into the environment. The other part is that after the materials fall into the hopper, the air in the limited space of the hopper is displaced, and the displaced air carries dust and reflects out from the silo opening and diffuses around. Analyzing from the quantity, the dust generation amount of the latter is much larger than that of the former.
[0015] The utility model forms a sealed space above the receiving hopper by a sealed enclosure structure and a flexible shielding curtain. The carriage of a dump truck or a car dumper enters the sealed space from the side with the flexible shielding curtain, and the material is dumped downward from above the receiving hopper. The material falls into the receiving hopper through the material passing grate plate at the upper port of the receiving hopper. During this process, a large amount of dust generated is exhausted through the ventilation grates, and the generated dust is removed. At the same time, the utility model performs auxiliary dust extraction through the side air extraction ports on the side.
[0016] The utility model adopts a dust extraction method with the main dust extraction from the receiving hopper and the auxiliary dust extraction from the side. According to the dust generation mechanism, the dust is extracted along the material flow, and a negative pressure is formed at the main dust generation site to avoid or minimize the diffusion of dust gas, and the diffusion of dust gas is restricted by the active dust extraction method.
[0017] The flexible shielding curtain can ensure the sealing performance of the sealed enclosure structure, and at the same time, it can facilitate the entry of the carriage, and can prevent dust from escaping into the external environment when dumping materials.
[0018] The utility model is applicable to the newly built receiving hopper structure and is also applicable to the transformation of the existing receiving hopper, and can effectively reduce the diffusion of dust gas. Description of the Drawings
[0019] Figure 1 is the structural diagram of the first embodiment of the utility model.
[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the A-A view of
[0021] Figure 3 is the structural diagram of the ventilation grates in the first embodiment of the utility model.
[0022] Figure 4 is the structural diagram of the second embodiment of the utility model.
[0023] In the figure: 1, closed enclosure structure; 2, receiving hopper; 3, flexible shielding curtain; 4, dust gas pipeline; 5, side air extraction port; 6, material passing grate plate; 7, dump truck; 8, collecting pipe; 9, baffle wall plate; 6-1, ventilation grates; 6-2, receiving hopper air extraction port; 6-3, baffle. Detailed Embodiments
[0024] The following describes the specific embodiments of the utility model with reference to the drawings.
[0025] Embodiment 1
[0026] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, the environment-friendly receiving hopper 2 and dust removal system of this embodiment include a closed enclosure structure 1, a material-passing grate 6, a dust gas pipeline 4, and a side air extraction port 5. The closed enclosure structure 1 is located above the receiving hopper 2 and forms a sealed space above the upper port of the receiving hopper 2. One side of the closed enclosure structure 1 is a flexible shielding curtain 3. A material-passing grate 6 is provided at the upper port of the receiving hopper 2, and a receiving hopper air extraction port 6-2 is provided on the material-passing grate 6. The receiving hopper air extraction port 6-2 is connected to the dust gas pipeline 4. The side air extraction port 5 is located on one side above the upper port of the receiving hopper 2 and is communicated with the dust gas pipeline 4. The dust gas pipeline 4 is communicated with a dust collector.
[0027] As Figure 2 , Figure 3 shown in the figure, the material-passing grate 6 is composed of a number of ventilation grates 6-1. There is a gap between adjacent two ventilation grates 6-1. The ventilation grate 6-1 is a long strip structure with an inner cavity. The lower end opening of the ventilation grate 6-1 forms the receiving hopper air extraction port 6-2. The end of the ventilation grate 6-1 is communicated with the dust gas pipeline 4.
[0028] Among them, the ventilation grates 6-1 are arranged parallel to each other and are evenly distributed in a certain direction.
[0029] The ends of all ventilation grates 6-1 are first communicated with a collecting pipe 8, and then the collecting pipe 8 is communicated with the dust gas pipeline 4. The negative pressure generated by the dust collector is transmitted to the inner cavities of each ventilation grate 6-1 through the dust gas pipeline 4.
[0030] The side air extraction port 5 has a certain height and is located on the side of the non-flexible shielding curtain 3 to suck the upward-diffusing dust.
[0031] In this embodiment, the main dust extraction points are set at the upper port of the receiving hopper 2, which is the largest dust source, and are evenly distributed at the upper port of the receiving hopper 2, which can effectively suck away the dust and reduce the diffusion of the dust.
[0032] In this embodiment, air extraction is carried out at the upper port of the receiving hopper 2, and there may be a risk that some materials are sucked away. However, as long as the air extraction speed and air extraction direction are controlled, the problem of excessive material being sucked away can be completely avoided. Controlling the air extraction speed means ensuring that the flow velocity at the air extraction port is lower than the set maximum flow velocity at which the material is not sucked away; the air extraction direction means that the air extraction is vertically upward to ensure a certain height, so that even if larger-particle materials enter the pipeline, they can finally fall back into the hopper by their own weight and are not sucked away.
[0033] Among them, the setting of several ventilation grates 6-1 solves the problem of insufficient ventilation and dust extraction space at the upper port of the receiving hopper 2. The downward opening of the ventilation grates 6-1 avoids the problem of material blocking the air flow channel. The air extraction speed of each ventilation grate 6-1 is controlled at a fixed value, thus avoiding sucking away the material and making the inner cavity of the ventilation grate 6-1 have an appropriate height, so that the larger particles entering the inner cavity of the ventilation grate 6-1 can fall back into the hopper by their own weight.
[0034] In addition, several baffles 6-3 are arranged at intervals along the length direction at the lower port of the ventilation grate 6-1, forming a harmonica mouth style in the length direction.
[0035] The top of the ventilation grate 6-1 is an inclined surface. When the dumped material falls, the material is shunted and guided by the inclined surface at the top of the ventilation grate 6-1 and then passes through the gaps between the ventilation grates 6-1.
[0036] The flexible shielding curtain 3 includes several vertical flexible curtain plates. The several flexible curtain plates are arranged side by side and are in contact with each other between adjacent flexible curtain plates. The several flexible curtain plates form a sealing surface in the natural hanging state. When the dump truck 7 passes by, part of the flexible curtain plates are pushed open and the remaining flexible curtain plates still remain in the natural hanging state, so as to minimize the gaps formed around the dump truck 7 and reduce the escape of dust.
[0037] This embodiment is applicable to the transformation of the dust removal system of the existing receiving hopper 2. Ventilation grates 6-1 are added at the upper port of the receiving hopper 2, and the pipelines are connected according to the structure of this example.
[0038] Embodiment Two
[0039] As Figure 4 shown, the environment-friendly receiving hopper 2 and dust removal system of this embodiment include a closed enclosure structure 1, a material-passing grate 6, a dust gas pipeline 4 and a side air extraction port 5. The closed enclosure structure 1 is located above the receiving hopper 2 and forms a sealed space above the upper port of the receiving hopper 2. One side of the closed enclosure structure 1 is a flexible shielding curtain 3. A material-passing grate 6 is arranged at the upper port of the receiving hopper 2. A receiving hopper air extraction port 6-2 is arranged on the material-passing grate 6. The receiving hopper air extraction port 6-2 is connected to the dust gas pipeline 4. The side air extraction port 5 is located on one side above the upper port of the receiving hopper 2 and is communicated with the dust gas pipeline 4. The dust gas pipeline 4 is connected to a dust collector.
[0040] The flexible shielding curtain 3 includes several vertical flexible curtain plates. The several flexible curtain plates are arranged side by side and are in contact with each other between adjacent flexible curtain plates. The several flexible curtain plates form a sealing surface in the natural hanging state. When the dump truck 7 passes by, part of the flexible curtain plates are pushed open and the remaining flexible curtain plates still remain in the natural hanging state, so as to minimize the gaps formed around the dump truck 7 and reduce the escape of dust.
[0041] Among them, the material-passing grate plate 6 is of a grid-like structure. One end of the material-passing grate plate 6 is the air extraction port 6-2 of the receiving hopper. The air extraction port 6-2 of the receiving hopper connects the inner cavity of the lower receiving hopper 2 with the dust gas pipeline 4. The air extraction port 6-2 of the receiving hopper is specifically located on the side far from the flexible shielding curtain 3. The side air extraction port 5 has a certain height and is located on the side of the non-flexible shielding curtain 3 to suck the dust diffusing upward.
[0042] The area of the air extraction port 6-2 of the receiving hopper should be larger than the maximum flow velocity requirement for not sucking away the material under a certain air volume. The volume of the receiving hopper 2 should still leave a certain air extraction space at the upper part when ensuring the maximum designed loading capacity, that is, a straight section is provided at the upper port of the conical receiving hopper 2. When the material in the receiving hopper 2 is close to the maximum loading capacity, there is still a certain space at the upper part for air extraction and air flow circulation.
[0043] A material blocking wall plate 9 is arranged on the material-passing grate plate 6. The material blocking wall plate 9 is located in front of the air extraction port 6-2 of the receiving hopper. When discharging, the material blocking wall plate 9 can prevent a large amount of materials from burying the air extraction port 6-2 of the receiving hopper.
[0044] This embodiment is applicable to the design of the receiving hopper 2 of a new project. When laying the material-passing grate plate 6, the position of the air extraction port is reserved. This part of the area should be larger than the maximum flow velocity requirement for not sucking away the material under a certain air volume. At the same time, the volume of the receiving hopper 2 should still leave a certain air extraction space at the upper part when ensuring the maximum designed loading capacity, and the material blocking wall plate 9 is used to prevent the material from burying the air extraction port 6-2 of the receiving hopper during discharging.
Claims
1. An environmentally friendly receiving hopper and dust removal system, characterized in that: It includes a closed enclosure structure, a grate plate, a dust and gas duct and a side air exhaust port. The closed enclosure structure is located above the receiving hopper and forms a closed space above the upper port of the receiving hopper. One side of the closed enclosure structure is a flexible shielding curtain. A grate plate is provided at the upper port of the receiving hopper, and a receiving hopper air exhaust port is provided on the grate plate. The receiving hopper air exhaust port is connected to the dust and gas duct. The side air exhaust port is located on one side above the upper port of the receiving hopper and is connected to the dust and gas duct. The dust and gas duct is connected to a dust collector.
2. The environmentally friendly receiving hopper and dust removal system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The material passing grate plate is composed of a plurality of ventilation grate bars, with a gap between two adjacent ventilation grate bars. The ventilation grate bars are long strip structures with inner cavities. The lower end openings of the ventilation grate bars form a suction port of the receiving hopper, and the ends of the ventilation grate bars are connected to the dust and gas ducts.
3. The environmentally friendly receiving hopper and dust removal system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The ventilation grate bars are arranged parallel to each other and are evenly distributed along a certain direction.
4. The environmentally friendly receiving hopper and dust removal system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A plurality of baffles are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the lower end of the ventilation grate.
5. The environmentally friendly receiving hopper and dust removal system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The top of the ventilation grate is an inclined surface.
6. The environmentally friendly receiving hopper and dust removal system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The material passing grate plate is a grid-like structure, and one end of the material passing grate plate is an air suction port of the receiving hopper, and the air suction port of the receiving hopper connects the inner cavity of the receiving hopper below with the dust and gas pipeline.
7. The environmentally friendly receiving hopper and dust removal system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A material blocking wall plate is arranged on the material passing grate plate, and the material blocking wall plate is located in front of the air suction port of the receiving hopper.
8. The environmentally friendly receiving hopper and dust removal system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flexible shielding curtain comprises a plurality of vertical flexible curtain plates, and the plurality of flexible curtain plates are arranged side by side and two adjacent flexible curtain plates are in contact with each other.