Battery pack and electric device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery pack and an electric device, relates to the technical field of batteries, and aims to solve the problem of low safety of the battery pack due to incapability of timely heat dissipation of the batteries in the prior art. The battery pack comprises a first-layer battery and a second-layer battery which are stacked along a first direction. The first layer battery comprises at least one first battery module, the first battery module comprises a plurality of first group batteries arranged along the second direction, and the first group batteries comprise at least one first battery. The second layer of batteries comprises at least one second battery module, the second battery module comprises a plurality of second group batteries arranged along a third direction, and the second group batteries comprise at least one second battery. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the second direction is crossed or perpendicular to the third direction. The battery pack is used for storing and providing electric energy for an electric device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery pack and an electric device. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization of battery applications, more and more safety problems occur when using lithium batteries. The separator and electrolyte in lithium-ion batteries are mostly flammable organic compounds. Once the internal temperature of the battery is too high, these materials may burn, causing fire or explosion.

[0003] In the prior art, the arrangement of batteries in the battery pack makes the temperature of out-of-control batteries unable to dissipate quickly, resulting in the existence of a large number of high-temperature batteries, thus reducing the safety of the battery pack. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a battery pack and an electric device, aiming to solve the problem that the safety of the battery pack is relatively low in the prior art because the battery cannot dissipate heat in time.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the utility model provides a battery pack, including a first-layer battery and a second-layer battery stacked along a first direction. The first-layer battery includes at least one first battery module, the first battery module includes a plurality of first groups of batteries arranged along a second direction, and the first group of batteries includes at least one first battery. The second-layer battery includes at least one second battery module, the second battery module includes a plurality of second groups of batteries arranged along a third direction, and the second group of batteries includes at least one second battery. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The second direction intersects or is perpendicular to the third direction.

[0007] In the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the present application, because the second direction intersects or is perpendicular to the third direction, there is a certain included angle between the arrangement directions of the first battery group and the second battery group. Therefore, the projection of the first battery along the first direction can fall on a plurality of second batteries.

[0008] When a first battery in the first battery group undergoes thermal runaway, it can transfer heat to adjacent first batteries in the first-layer battery, so that the adjacent heated first batteries can dissipate the heat of the thermally runaway first battery, thereby reducing the heat of the thermally runaway first battery itself and preventing it from burning or exploding due to high heat.

[0009] At the same time, the thermally runaway first battery can also transfer heat to a plurality of second batteries and transfer heat to the plurality of second batteries. The plurality of second batteries can quickly dissipate the received heat to prevent the heat at the first battery from being too high.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first layer of batteries includes a plurality of first battery modules, and the plurality of first battery modules are arranged at intervals along a second direction. The second layer of batteries includes a plurality of second battery modules, and the plurality of second battery modules are arranged at intervals along a third direction.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first battery is sheet-shaped. The thickness direction of the first battery is the same as the second direction. The second battery is sheet-shaped. The thickness direction of the second battery is the same as the third direction.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first battery is sheet-shaped. The thickness direction of the first battery is the same as the first direction. The second battery is sheet-shaped. The thickness direction of the second battery is the same as the first direction.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first battery is strip-shaped, the length direction of the first battery is perpendicular to the first direction, and the length direction of the first battery intersects or is perpendicular to the second direction. The second battery is strip-shaped, the length direction of the second battery is perpendicular to the first direction, and the length direction of the second battery intersects or is perpendicular to the third direction.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first group of batteries includes a plurality of first batteries, and the plurality of first batteries are arranged in sequence along a fourth direction. Among them, the fourth direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the fourth direction intersects or is perpendicular to the second direction. The second group of batteries includes a plurality of second batteries, and the plurality of second batteries are arranged in sequence along a fifth direction. Among them, the fifth direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the fifth direction intersects or is perpendicular to the third direction.

[0015] In some embodiments, along the second direction, the first batteries in two adjacent first groups of batteries are arranged in a staggered manner. Along the third direction, the second batteries in two adjacent second groups of batteries are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0016] In some embodiments, a first partition layer is provided between the first layer of batteries and the second layer of batteries, and the first partition layer includes at least one of an insulating layer, a heat insulating layer, a cooling layer, a heat conducting layer, and a heat absorbing layer.

[0017] In some embodiments, a second partition layer is provided between two adjacent first groups of batteries along the second direction, and the second partition layer includes at least one of a heat insulating layer, a heat conducting layer, and a heat absorbing layer. A third partition layer is provided between two adjacent second groups of batteries along the third direction, and the third partition layer includes at least one of a heat insulating layer, a heat conducting layer, and a heat absorbing layer.

[0018] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a third layer of batteries, which is disposed on the side of the second layer of batteries facing away from the first layer of batteries. The third layer of batteries includes at least one third battery module, and the third battery module includes a plurality of third groups of batteries arranged in a sixth direction. The third group of batteries includes at least one third battery. The sixth direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the sixth direction intersects or is perpendicular to the third direction.

[0019] In some embodiments, the included angle between the second direction and the third direction is greater than or equal to 10° and less than or equal to 90°.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present utility model provides an electrical device. The electrical device includes an electrical appliance component and at least one of the above-mentioned battery packs. The battery pack is electrically connected to the electrical appliance component.

[0021] In some embodiments, the electrical device is a vehicle. The first layer of batteries in the battery pack is the lowermost layer of batteries in the battery pack, and the second direction intersects or is perpendicular to the direction from the head to the tail of the vehicle. Description of the Drawings

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is one of the partial structural diagrams of the battery pack in the prior art;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a diagram showing the temperature change of battery thermal runaway in a battery pack provided by the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 It is one of the partial structural diagrams of a battery pack provided by the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a second partial structural diagram of a battery pack provided by the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a third partial structural diagram of a battery pack provided by the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a fourth partial structural diagram of a battery pack provided by the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 8 The fifth partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 9 The sixth partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 10 The seventh partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 11 The eighth partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 12 The ninth partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by the present utility model;

[0035] Figure 13 The structural schematic diagram of a battery of a battery pack provided by the present utility model;

[0036] Figure 14 The tenth partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by the present utility model;

[0037] Figure 15 For Figure 14 The structural schematic diagram of the battery in

[0038] Figure 16 For Figure 4 The structural schematic diagram of the first partition layer in

[0039] Figure 17 The eleventh partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by the present utility model;

[0040] Figure 18 The twelfth partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by the present utility model;

[0041] Figure 19 The thirteenth partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by the present utility model;

[0042] Figure 20 For Figure 19 The top view of the structure in

[0043] Figure 21 The fourteenth partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by the present utility model;

[0044] Figure 22 The second partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack in the prior art.

[0045] Reference numerals: 100 - electrical device; 10 - electrical component; 20 - battery pack; 21 - first layer of batteries; 211 - first battery module; 212 - first group of batteries; 213 - first battery; 22 - second layer of batteries; 221 - second battery module; 222 - second group of batteries; 223 - second battery; 23 - first partition; 231 - insulating layer; 232 - heat-conducting layer; 233 - cooling layer; 24 - third layer of batteries; 241 - third battery module; 242 - third group of batteries; 243 - third battery; 30 - vehicle; 32 - chassis; 33 - body; 34 - wheel; 35 - front end; 36 - rear end. Detailed implementation manners

[0046] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0047] The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0048] With the development of battery technology, especially the popularization of lithium-ion batteries, it has greatly promoted the innovation in fields such as portable electronic devices and new energy vehicles, making batteries an indispensable part of modern life. However, the separator and electrolyte in lithium-ion batteries are mostly flammable organic compounds. Once the internal temperature of the battery is too high, some substances in the battery will decompose to produce some combustible gases when heated, and these gases will explode or burn when encountering fire, resulting in relatively low safety of the battery.

[0049] Based on this, the present invention provides an electrical device 100. The electrical device 100 may include an electrical component 10 and a battery pack 20. The battery pack 20 is electrically connected to the electrical component 10.

[0050] Among them, the electrical device 100 may be a vehicle 30. The vehicle 30 may include a vehicle body and a battery pack 20 mounted on the vehicle body.

[0051] The vehicle 30 can be a fuel vehicle, an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, a gas vehicle, a methanol vehicle, a solar vehicle, etc. Exemplarily, the vehicle 30 can be a passenger vehicle such as a sedan, a sport utility vehicle (SUV), or a multi-purpose vehicle (MPV), or can also be a bus, a truck, a semi-trailer, etc. This application does not make specific limitations thereto.

[0052] Exemplarily, as Figure 1 shown, Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by the present utility model. The vehicle 30 may include a chassis 32, a body 33, and wheels 34.

[0053] Among them, the chassis 32 can install the motor and other components of the vehicle 30, form the overall shape of the vehicle 30, and receive the power of the motor to make the vehicle 30 move and ensure normal driving.

[0054] The body 33 can be installed on the chassis 32. A cabin is formed inside the body 33, and the cabin can be for the driver and passengers to ride in or to load goods. It should be noted that when the vehicle 30 is a bus or a sedan, its body 33 is generally an integral structure. When the vehicle 30 is a truck, its body 33 is generally composed of a cab and a cargo box.

[0055] The wheels 34 can be installed on the chassis 32 of the vehicle 30 and are components that play a supporting and rotating role during the driving of the vehicle 30. The wheels 34 are usually installed at the four corners of the vehicle 30, that is, the four wheels 34 of the vehicle 30, and they are connected to the axle of the vehicle 30 through the hubs, enabling the vehicle 30 to drive smoothly on the ground.

[0056] It can be understood that the above components are only examples of some components of the vehicle 30 and do not limit the specific structure of the vehicle 30.

[0057] To provide power to the vehicle 30, continue to refer to the figure. The vehicle 30 further includes a battery pack 20, and the battery pack 20 is installed on the vehicle body.

[0058] In the battery pack 20 of the related art, as Figure 2 shown, Figure 2 is one of the partial structural diagrams of the battery pack in the prior art, and multiple upper and lower layer batteries are arranged in parallel. At this time, once any one battery gets out of control and generates heat, it will heat the adjacent batteries and the batteries between the battery layers, thereby quickly spreading the heat throughout the battery pack 20, heating multiple batteries, causing damage to multiple batteries in the battery pack 20, making the battery pack 20 more likely to occur dangerous situations such as explosion and combustion, thereby reducing the safety of the entire battery pack 20.

[0059] As shown Figure 3 in Figure 3 Figure 1, it is a graph of the temperature change of a battery during thermal runaway in a battery pack provided by the present utility model. After the battery reaches temperature T1, internal side reactions will spontaneously occur, and at the same time, the side reactions will slowly release heat, gradually heating the battery itself to temperature T2. During the process of temperature increase, more side reactions will be further triggered. When the temperature rises to T2, a violent chain reaction will occur inside the battery, causing the temperature to rise suddenly.

[0060] Therefore, by keeping the battery temperature below T1 or keeping the battery temperature below T2 and dissipating the heat generated by the side reactions in time so that the temperature never reaches T2, the battery will not experience violent thermal runaway. Therefore, the temperature of the non-runaway batteries heated in the runaway area should be kept as low as possible, so that thermal diffusion will not occur.

[0061] The present utility model provides a battery pack, as shown Figure 4 in Figure 5 Figure 2 and Figure 3. Figure 2 is one of the partial structural schematic diagrams of a battery pack provided by the present utility model, and Figure 3 is the other partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by the present utility model. The battery pack 20( Figure 4 ) may include a first-layer battery 21 and a second-layer battery 22 stacked along the first direction X. Figure 5 The first-layer battery 21 may include at least one first battery module 211. The first battery module 211 includes a plurality of first battery groups 212 arranged along the second direction Y. The first battery groups 212 include at least one first battery 213. The second-layer battery 22 includes at least one second battery module 221. The second battery module 221 includes a plurality of second battery groups 222 arranged along the third direction Z. The second battery groups 222 include at least one second battery 223. The second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X, and the third direction Z is perpendicular to the first direction X. The second direction Y intersects or is perpendicular to the third direction Z. Figure 2 )

[0062] Wherein, a plane perpendicular to the first direction X is defined as a reference plane. Based on this, along the first direction X, the projection of the first battery module 211 on the reference plane overlaps with the projection of the second battery module 221 on the reference screen.

[0063] In the battery pack 20 provided by the embodiments of the present application, because the second direction Y intersects or is perpendicular to the third direction Z, there is a certain included angle between the arrangement directions of the first battery groups 212 and the second battery groups 223. Therefore, the projection of the first battery 213 along the first direction X can fall on a plurality of second batteries 223.

[0064]

[0065] ​When a first battery 213 in the first group of batteries 212 undergoes thermal runaway, it can transfer heat to adjacent first batteries 213 in the first layer of batteries 21, enabling the adjacent heated first batteries 213 to dissipate the heat of the thermally runaway first battery 213, thereby reducing the heat of the thermally runaway first battery 213 itself and preventing it from burning or exploding due to high heat.

[0066] At the same time, the thermally runaway first battery 213 can also transfer heat to multiple second batteries 223, transferring heat to the multiple second batteries 223. The multiple second batteries 223 can quickly dissipate the received heat, preventing the heat at the first battery 213 from being too high.

[0067] Moreover, the multiple heated first batteries 213 can also transfer heat to the multiple second batteries 223 through heat transfer. The multiple second batteries 223 dissipate the heat on the multiple heated first batteries 213, preventing the heat of the heated first batteries 213 from being too high.

[0068] Therefore, the second layer of batteries 22 can dissipate the heat of the first layer of batteries 21. It can be understood that correspondingly, when a second battery 223 in the second layer of batteries 22 undergoes thermal runaway, the first layer of batteries 21 can also dissipate the heat of the second layer of batteries 22. This can ensure a relatively high overall safety of the battery pack 20.

[0069] In some embodiments, as Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 shown, Figure 6 is the third partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by the present utility model, Figure 7 is the fourth partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by the present utility model, Figure 8 is the fifth partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by the present utility model. The first layer of batteries 21 can include multiple first battery modules 211, and the multiple first battery modules 211 are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y. The second layer of batteries 22 includes multiple second battery modules 221, and the multiple second battery modules 221 are arranged at intervals along the third direction Z.

[0070] When the first battery 213 undergoes thermal runaway, its heat conduction within the first layer of batteries 21 can be restricted within the first battery module 211 where it is located, and it is not easy to transfer heat to other modules within the first layer of batteries 21. This can reduce the number of first batteries 213 affected by heat interference and prevent the temperature of too many first batteries 213 from rising and causing more serious combustion and explosion.

[0071] Similarly, it can be known that when the second battery 223 undergoes thermal runaway, its heat conduction within the second-layer battery 22 can be restricted within the second battery module 221 where it is located, and it is not easy to transfer heat to other modules within the second-layer battery 22. Thus, the number of second batteries 223 affected by heat is reduced, preventing the temperature of too many second batteries 223 from rising and resulting in more serious combustion and explosion.

[0072] Among them, Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 the arrow directions in are the heat dissipation directions.

[0073] Exemplarily, the first-layer battery 21 can include two first battery modules 211, and the second-layer battery 22 can include two second battery modules 221.

[0074] In some other embodiments, as Figure 9 shown, Figure 9 which is the sixth partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by the present utility model, the first-layer battery 21 can include two first battery modules 211, and the second-layer battery 22 can include five second battery modules 221.

[0075] In some other embodiments, the first-layer battery 21 can include three first battery modules 211, and the second-layer battery 22 can include two second battery modules 221.

[0076] In some other embodiments, as Figure 10 shown, Figure 10 which is the seventh partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack 20 provided by the present utility model, there can be some first batteries 213 within the first battery modules 211 in the first-layer battery 21 arranged along the third direction Z. And the number of first battery modules 211 with the first batteries 213 arranged along the third direction Z is less than the number of first battery modules 211 with the first batteries 213 arranged along the second direction Y.

[0077] Exemplarily, the number of batteries within the multiple first battery modules 211 in the first-layer battery 21 can be the same. The number of batteries within the multiple second battery modules 221 in the second-layer battery 22 can be the same.

[0078] In some other implementations, the number of batteries within the multiple first battery modules 211 in the first-layer battery 21 can also be different. The number of batteries within the multiple second battery modules 221 in the second-layer battery 22 can also be different.

[0079] Among them, due to the arrangement of the internal structures of the first battery 213 and the second battery 223, the thermal conductivities of the first battery 213 and the second battery 223 in the length direction and the height direction can be greater than the thermal conductivity in the thickness direction of the first battery 213 and the second battery 223. As a result, when thermal runaway occurs in the first battery 213 and the second battery 223, most of the heat is conducted outward in the length direction and the height direction of the first battery 213, and a small part of the heat is conducted outward in the thickness direction of the first battery 213 and the second battery 223.

[0080] In this way, the speed of heat conduction generated when thermal runaway occurs in the first battery 213 within the first-layer battery 21 is greater than the speed of conduction into the second-layer battery 22. The speed of heat conduction generated when thermal runaway occurs in the second battery 223 within the second-layer battery 22 is greater than the speed of conduction into the first-layer battery 21.

[0081] Exemplarily, the thermal conductivities of the first battery 213 and the second battery 223 in the length direction and the height direction can be greater than or equal to 8 W / (m·K).

[0082] Exemplarily, the thermal conductivities of the first battery 213 and the second battery 223 in the length direction and the height direction can be greater than or equal to 15 W / (m·K) and less than or equal to 35 W / (m·K). The thermal conductivities of the first battery 213 and the second battery 223 in the width direction can be greater than or equal to 0.3 W / (m·K) and less than or equal to 5 W / (m·K).

[0083] Specifically, the thermal conductivities of the first battery 213 and the second battery 223 in the length direction and the height direction can be 15 W / (m·K), 16 W / (m·K), 20 W / (m·K), 23 W / (m·K), 30 W / (m·K), 32 W / (m·K), or 35 W / (m·K), etc.

[0084] Specifically, the thermal conductivities of the first battery 213 and the second battery 223 in the width direction can be 0.3 W / (m·K), 0.5 W / (m·K), 1 W / (m·K), 3 W / (m·K), or 5 W / (m·K), etc.

[0085] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 shown, the first battery 213 can be in a sheet shape. The thickness direction of the first battery 213 is consistent with the second direction Y. The second battery 223 is in a sheet shape. The thickness direction of the second battery 223 is consistent with the third direction Z.

[0086] Among them, for the first battery 213 and the second battery 223 in sheet shapes, the length in the thickness direction is less than the length in the width direction.

[0087] By arranging the thickness side of the first battery 213 along the second direction Y, the number of the first batteries 213 arranged in the first-layer battery 21 can be relatively larger than that when other surfaces of the first battery 213 are arranged along the second direction Y.

[0088] Similarly, by arranging the thickness side of the second battery 223 along the third direction Z, the number of the second batteries 223 arranged in the second-layer battery 22 can be relatively larger than that when other surfaces of the second battery 223 are arranged along the second direction Y.

[0089] In this way, when thermal runaway occurs in the first battery 213, heat can be transferred to more second batteries 223, and more second batteries 223 can dissipate the heat of the first battery 213. Thereby, the rate of heat dissipation is accelerated, and the safety of the battery pack 20 is enhanced.

[0090] In some embodiments, as Figure 11 shown, Figure 11 FIG. VIII is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by the present utility model. The first battery 213 can be in a sheet shape. The thickness direction of the first battery 213 is consistent with the first direction X. The second battery 223 is in a sheet shape. The thickness direction of the second battery 223 is consistent with the first direction X.

[0091] At this time, arrange the width side of the first battery 213 along the second direction Y. In this way, the number of the first batteries 213 arranged in the first layer can be relatively smaller than that when the thickness side of the first battery 213 is arranged along the second direction Y.

[0092] In this way, the heat of the out-of-control first battery 213 and the second battery 223 can be quickly transferred between adjacent layers through the width direction with a larger thermal conductivity coefficient, accelerating the dissipation of the heat of the out-of-control battery.

[0093] In some embodiments, as Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown, Figure 12 FIG. IX is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by the present utility model. Figure 13 FIG. is a structural schematic diagram of the battery of a battery pack provided by the present utility model. The first battery 213 can be in a long strip shape. The length direction of the first battery 213 is perpendicular to the first direction X, and the length direction of the first battery 213 intersects or is perpendicular to the second direction Y. The second battery 223 is in a long strip shape. The length direction of the second battery 223 is perpendicular to the first direction X, and the length direction of the second battery 223 intersects or is perpendicular to the third direction Z.

[0094] The elongated first battery 213 and second battery 223 can transfer heat along the second direction Y by themselves, and the heat can be dispersed from the length direction and width direction of the first battery 213 and second battery 223, so that the first battery 213 and second battery 223 also have a certain heat dissipation capacity by themselves.

[0095] Exemplarily, the first battery 213 can be a blade battery. The ratio of the length to the width of the blade battery is greater than or equal to 2:1 and less than or equal to 100:1.

[0096] Specifically, the ratio of the length to the width of the blade battery can be greater than or equal to 25:1 and less than or equal to 100:1. Preferably, the length of the blade battery is longer than the width and thickness of the blade battery.

[0097] The material in the blade battery can include lithium iron phosphate. The density of the lithium iron phosphate battery is large, resulting in a large heat capacity of the blade battery. Therefore, the blade battery as a whole can be regarded as a relatively large heat pipe that can absorb a lot of heat and has a good effect on heat absorption and conduction.

[0098] In some embodiments, as Figure 14 and Figure 15 shown, Figure 14 FIG. 10 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by the present invention, Figure 15 is Figure 14 a structural schematic diagram of the battery in FIG. 1. The first group of batteries 212 can include a plurality of first batteries 213, and the plurality of first batteries 213 are arranged in sequence along the fourth direction. Among them, the fourth direction is perpendicular to the first direction X, and the fourth direction intersects or is perpendicular to the second direction Y. The second group of batteries 222 includes a plurality of second batteries 223, and the plurality of second batteries 223 are arranged in sequence along the fifth direction. Among them, the fifth direction is perpendicular to the first direction X, and the fifth direction intersects or is perpendicular to the third direction Z.

[0099] Specifically, at this time, the first battery 213 and the second battery 223 can be square batteries. The plurality of first batteries 213 are arranged along the fourth direction, and the plurality of second batteries 223 are arranged along the fifth direction.

[0100] In some embodiments, as Figure 14 and Figure 15 shown, along the second direction Y, the first batteries 213 in two adjacent first groups of batteries 212 can be arranged in a staggered manner. Along the third direction Z, the second batteries 223 in two adjacent second groups of batteries 222 are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0101] The misaligned arrangement enables a first battery 213 to be adjacent to six other first batteries 213 within the first layer of batteries 21. In this way, after thermal runaway occurs in the first battery 213, the heat generated can be quickly transferred to the other six adjacent first batteries 213 to dissipate the heat.

[0102] In some other embodiments, such as Figure 15 shown, along the second direction Y, the first batteries 213 in two adjacent first groups of batteries 212 may be arranged without misalignment.

[0103] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 16 shown, Figure 16 is Figure 4 a schematic structural diagram of the first partition layer. A first partition layer 23 may be provided between the first layer of batteries 21 and the second layer of batteries 22. The first partition layer 23 may include at least one of an insulating layer 231, a heat insulation layer, a cooling layer 233, a heat conducting layer 232, and a heat absorbing layer.

[0104] The insulating layer 231 may include insulating materials. Specifically, the insulating materials may be PP or PET, etc. The insulating layer 231 can cut off and eliminate the electric arc when the battery power leaks between different layers, preventing the electric arc from affecting other batteries and other components.

[0105] The heat insulation layer may include heat insulation materials, aerogels, aerogels doped with reinforcing fibers, fiber felts, aerogel-loaded fiber felts, fiberglass cloths, foams, and anti-radiation heat insulation films, etc. When the battery pack 20 is operating normally, it can prevent the heat transfer between the first layer of batteries 21 and the second layer of batteries 22.

[0106] The cooling layer 233 may include cooling channels and a cooling medium. Among them, the cooling medium may specifically be water and ethylene glycol. The cooling layer 233 can cool the batteries generating heat in the battery pack 20 when the battery pack 20 is operating normally, preventing their own structures from being damaged due to the lack of timely cooling of the temperature.

[0107] The heat conducting layer 232 may include heat conducting materials, heat conducting adhesives, graphite, graphene, or other substances. Among them, the heat conducting materials may be metals such as copper or aluminum plates. The heat conducting layer 232 can further increase the heat conductivity coefficient of the first layer of batteries 21 and the second layer of batteries 22 in the length direction to promote heat dissipation.

[0108] The heat absorption layer may include heat absorption materials. Specifically, the heat absorption materials may include hydrogels, paraffins, fatty alcohols, fatty acids, hydrated crystalline salts, molten salts, or materials with reinforcing fibers or support skeletons incorporated therein. The heat absorption layer can absorb a certain amount of heat. After thermal runaway occurs in the first battery 213 or the second battery 223, it can absorb part of the heat and prevent the accumulation of heat from causing adverse effects such as explosion or combustion.

[0109] In some embodiments, along the second direction Y, a second partition layer may be provided between two adjacent first groups of batteries 212. The second partition layer may include at least one of a heat insulation layer, a heat conduction layer, and a heat absorption layer. Along the third direction Z, a third partition layer is provided between two adjacent second groups of batteries 222, and the third partition layer includes at least one of a heat insulation layer, a heat conduction layer, and a heat absorption layer.

[0110] The heat insulation layer may include materials such as aerogels, aerogels with reinforcing fibers incorporated therein, fiber felts, aerogel-loaded fiber felts, fiberglass cloths, foams loaded with aerogels, light-shielding agent-loaded fiber felts, anti-radiation heat insulation films, foams, and aerogel layers with grid support skeletons. The heat insulation layer can prevent the heat generated by the internal batteries from affecting other adjacent batteries during the normal operation of the battery pack 20.

[0111] The heat conduction layer may include substances such as heat conduction materials, heat conduction adhesives, graphite, or graphene. Among them, the heat conduction materials may be metals such as copper or aluminum plates. The heat conduction coefficient of the heat conduction layer can generally be greater than or equal to 200 W / mK. The heat conduction layer can further increase the heat conduction coefficient of the first layer of batteries 21 and the second layer of batteries 22 in the length direction and promote heat dissipation.

[0112] The heat absorption layer may include phase change materials. Specifically, the phase change materials may include hydrogels, paraffins, fatty alcohols, fatty acids, hydrated crystalline salts, molten salts, or the above materials with reinforcing fibers or support skeletons incorporated therein. Or it is a cavity or cold plate with a cooling liquid.

[0113] The heat absorption layer can absorb a certain amount of heat. After thermal runaway occurs in the first battery 213 or the second battery 223, it can absorb part of the heat and prevent the accumulation of heat from causing adverse effects such as explosion or combustion.

[0114] In some other embodiments, along the second direction Y, a second partition layer may not be provided between two adjacent first groups of batteries 212.

[0115] In some embodiments, as Figure 17 and Figure 18 shown, Figure 17 is a partial structural schematic diagram XI of a battery pack provided by the present utility model, Figure 18FIG. 12 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by the present utility model. The battery pack 20 may further include a third layer of batteries 24, and the third layer of batteries 24 is disposed on the side of the second layer of batteries 22 facing away from the first layer of batteries 21. The third layer of batteries 24 may include at least one third battery module 241, and the third battery module 241 includes a plurality of third groups of batteries 242 arranged along a sixth direction. The third group of batteries 242 includes at least one third battery 243. The sixth direction is perpendicular to the first direction X, and the sixth direction intersects or is perpendicular to the third direction Z.

[0116] By arranging multiple layers of batteries in the battery pack 20, after a thermal runaway battery appears in the second layer of batteries 22, the thermal runaway battery can conduct and dissipate heat to the first layer of batteries 21 and the third layer of batteries 24 on both sides thereof at the same time. In this way, the heat dissipation rate is increased, preventing more batteries from being affected by high temperature and thus preventing large-scale explosions and combustions.

[0117] Exemplarily, the battery pack 20 may further be provided with multiple layers of batteries. On this basis, the more layers there are in the battery pack 20, the more electric energy the battery pack 20 can store and provide as a whole. Specifically, the number of battery layers in the battery pack 20 can be set according to the application scenario and requirements of the battery pack 20. In some embodiments, the angle between the second direction Y and the third direction Z may be greater than or equal to 10° and less than or equal to 90°.

[0118] The closer the angle between the second direction Y and the third direction Z is to 90°, the more the projection of the first battery 213 in the first direction X can fall on more second batteries 223. When the first battery 213 has a thermal runaway, more second batteries 223 will conduct and dissipate its heat.

[0119] On the contrary, the closer the angle between the second direction Y and the third direction Z is to 0°, the less the projection of the first battery 213 in the first direction X can fall on fewer second batteries 223. When the first battery 213 has a thermal runaway, fewer second batteries 223 will conduct and dissipate its heat. Therefore, the angle between the second direction Y and the third direction Z should not be too small.

[0120] Specifically, the angle between the second direction Y and the third direction Z may be 10°, 12°, 19°, 25°, 30°, 60°, 75° or 90°.

[0121] As Figure 19 and Figure 20 shown, Figure 19 FIG. 13 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by the present utility model. Figure 20 FIG. Figure 19 is a top view of the structure in FIG., and the angle between the second direction Y and the third direction Z may be 60°.

[0122] Exemplarily, when the included angle between the second direction Y and the third direction Z is 90°, the ratio of the length to the width of the blade battery size is the ratio of the number of heated batteries in the first layer of batteries 21 to the number of out-of-control batteries in the second layer of batteries 22.

[0123] Having a certain included angle between the arrangement directions of the battery layers can also improve the overall strength of the battery pack 20, prevent some batteries from having no carrier, and prevent situations such as dropping during movement or vibration, thereby improving the structural stability. The overall structural strengthening of the battery pack 20 can prevent the electrical connection components on the top of the battery from breaking or detaching from the battery, thereby preventing the circuits between the batteries from short-circuiting or failing.

[0124] In some embodiments, as Figure 21 shown, Figure 21 FIG. 14 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by the present invention. The first layer of batteries 21 in the battery pack 20 can be the lowest layer of batteries in the battery pack 20, and the second direction Y intersects or is perpendicular to the direction from the front end 35 to the rear end 36 of the vehicle 30 ( Figure 1 ).

[0125] Among them, when the vehicle 30 ( Figure 1 ) is parked on the ground, the first layer of batteries 21 is the layer of batteries closest to the ground among all the battery layers in the battery pack 20 inside the vehicle 30.

[0126] It can be understood that the driving direction of the vehicle 30 ( Figure 1 ) is mostly from the front end 35 to the rear end 36. When the vehicle 30 is driving, the battery pack 20 arranged at the bottom of the vehicle 30 is prone to safety accidents such as being knocked, squeezed, punctured, and bottom-cut, and the probability of damage to the battery pack 20 caused by such accidents accounts for more than 50% of the total damage probability of the battery pack 20.

[0127] After the battery pack 20 is impacted or knocked by the outside world, it may cause a short circuit in the circuits inside the batteries in the battery pack 20, thereby causing the batteries to generate higher heat. If the heat accumulates to a high level and spreads to other batteries, it may seriously cause situations such as explosion or combustion.

[0128] Such as Figure 22 shown, Figure 22 FIG. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery pack 20 in the prior art. When the second direction Y is consistent with the driving direction of the vehicle 30 ( Figure 1 ), when the chassis 32 of the vehicle 30 is scratched, multiple batteries will be damaged. As a result, the number of heat-generating batteries increases, and the probability of explosion and combustion increases.

[0129] The direction of the damage marks received by this battery pack 20 is usually the same as that of the vehicle 30 (Figure 1 ) is consistent with the driving direction, that is, in the first-layer battery 21, it intersects or is perpendicular to the second direction Y. In this way, the number of damaged batteries in the battery pack 20 can be minimized, thereby reducing the degree of explosion or combustion of the battery pack 20 and enhancing the safety of the battery pack 20.

[0130] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0131] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present utility model can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack (20), characterized in that: It comprises a first layer of batteries (21) and a second layer of batteries (22) stacked along a first direction; The first layer of batteries (21) comprises at least one first battery module (211), the first battery module (211) comprises a plurality of first battery groups (212) arranged along a second direction, the first battery group (212) comprises at least one first battery (213); the second layer of batteries (22) comprises at least one second battery module (221), the second battery module (221) comprises a plurality of second battery groups (222) arranged along a third direction, the second battery group (222) comprises at least one second battery (223); The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the second direction intersects or is perpendicular to the third direction.

2. The battery pack (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first layer of batteries (21) comprises a plurality of first battery modules (211), and the plurality of first battery modules (211) are arranged at intervals along the second direction; The second layer of batteries (22) comprises a plurality of second battery modules (221), and the plurality of second battery modules (221) are arranged at intervals along the third direction.

3. The battery pack (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first battery (213) is in sheet shape; the thickness direction of the first battery (213) is consistent with the second direction; The second battery (223) is in sheet shape; the thickness direction of the second battery (223) is consistent with the third direction.

4. The battery pack (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first battery (213) is in sheet shape; the thickness direction of the first battery (213) is consistent with the first direction; The second battery (223) is in sheet shape; the thickness direction of the second battery (223) is consistent with the first direction.

5. The battery pack (20) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The first battery (213) is in the shape of a long strip, the length direction of the first battery (213) is perpendicular to the first direction, and the length direction of the first battery (213) intersects or is perpendicular to the second direction; The second battery (223) is in the shape of a long strip, the length direction of the second battery (223) is perpendicular to the first direction, and the length direction of the second battery (223) is intersecting or perpendicular to the third direction.

6. The battery pack (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first group of batteries (212) includes a plurality of first batteries (213), and the plurality of first batteries (213) are arranged in sequence along a fourth direction; wherein the fourth direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the fourth direction intersects or is perpendicular to the second direction; The second group of batteries (222) includes a plurality of second batteries (223), and the plurality of second batteries (223) are arranged in sequence along a fifth direction; wherein the fifth direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the fifth direction intersects or is perpendicular to the third direction.

7. The battery pack (20) according to claim 6, characterized in that: Along the second direction, the first batteries (213) in two adjacent first battery groups (212) are arranged in a staggered manner; Along the third direction, the second batteries (223) in two adjacent second battery groups (222) are arranged in a staggered manner.

8. The battery pack (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first barrier layer (23) is provided between the first layer of batteries (21) and the second layer of batteries (22), and the first barrier layer (23) comprises at least one of an insulating layer, a heat insulating layer, a cooling layer, a heat conducting layer, and a heat absorbing layer.

9. The battery pack (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the second direction, a second barrier layer is provided between two adjacent first group batteries (212), wherein the second barrier layer comprises at least one of a heat insulating layer, a heat conducting layer and a heat absorbing layer; Along the third direction, a third spacer is provided between two adjacent second group batteries (222), and the third spacer includes at least one of a heat insulating layer, a heat conducting layer, and a heat absorbing layer.

10. The battery pack (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a third layer of batteries (24), wherein the third layer of batteries (24) is arranged on a side of the second layer of batteries (22) that is away from the first layer of batteries (21); The third layer of batteries (24) includes at least one third battery module (241), the third battery module (241) includes a plurality of third battery groups (242) arranged along a sixth direction, and the third battery group (242) includes at least one third battery (243); The sixth direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the sixth direction intersects or is perpendicular to the third direction.

11. The battery pack (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 6 to 10, characterized in that: An angle between the second direction and the third direction is greater than or equal to 10° and less than or equal to 90°.

12. An electrical device (100), characterized in that: It comprises an electrical device (10) and a battery pack (20) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the battery pack (20) is electrically connected to the electrical device (10).

13. The electrical device (100) according to claim 12, characterized in that: The electrical device (100) is a vehicle (30), the first layer of batteries (21) in the battery pack (20) is a layer of batteries located at the bottom of the battery pack (20), and the second direction intersects or is perpendicular to a direction from the front (35) of the vehicle (30) to the rear (36).

Images