Display substrate and display device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a display substrate to improve the light transmittance of a first display area. The display substrate comprises a substrate, a plurality of first light-emitting elements, a pixel definition layer, a first transparent conductive layer and a first transparent shielding layer. The multiple first light-emitting elements are located in the first display area, and each first light-emitting element comprises a first electrode, a light-emitting function layer and a second electrode which are arranged in a stacked mode. The pixel definition layer is provided with a plurality of first pixel openings in the first display area, the light-emitting function layer and the second electrode of the first light-emitting element are located in the first pixel openings, and the light-emitting function layer is in contact with the first electrode through the first pixel openings. The first transparent conducting layer is located in the first display area and located on the side, away from the substrate, of the pixel defining layer and makes contact with the second electrode of the first light-emitting element. The first transparent shielding layer is located in the first display area and located on the side, away from the substrate, of the first transparent conducting layer. The orthographic projection of the first transparent conductive layer on the substrate is at least partially overlapped with the orthographic projection of the first transparent shielding layer on the substrate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to, but is not limited to, the field of display technologies, and particularly relates to a display substrate and a display device. Background Art

[0002] Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) are active light-emitting display devices, which have the advantages of self-luminescence, wide viewing angles, high contrast ratios, low power consumption, extremely high response speeds, being thin and light, bendable, and low cost. Under-screen camera and under-screen face recognition technologies are brand-new technologies proposed to increase the screen-to-body ratio of display devices. However, the transmittance of the currently used metal cathodes is relatively low, which affects the effects of under-screen camera and under-screen face recognition technologies. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] The following is an overview of the subject matter described in detail in this document. This overview is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the claims.

[0004] Embodiments of the utility model provide a display substrate and a display device.

[0005] This embodiment provides a display substrate, comprising: a substrate, a plurality of first light-emitting elements, a pixel definition layer, a first transparent conductive layer, and a first transparent shielding layer. The substrate includes a first display area. The plurality of first light-emitting elements are located in the first display area. The first light-emitting element includes: a first electrode, a light-emitting functional layer, and a second electrode which are stacked, and the first electrode is located on the side of the second electrode close to the substrate. The pixel definition layer is located on the side of the first electrode of the plurality of first light-emitting elements away from the substrate. The pixel definition layer is provided with a plurality of first pixel openings in the first display area. The light-emitting functional layer and the second electrode of the first light-emitting element are arranged in the first pixel openings, and the light-emitting functional layer is in contact with the first electrode through the first pixel openings. The first transparent conductive layer is located on the side of the pixel definition layer away from the substrate. The first transparent shielding layer is located on the side of the first transparent conductive layer away from the substrate; at least a part of the orthographic projection of the first transparent conductive layer on the substrate overlaps with the orthographic projection of the first transparent shielding layer on the substrate. Wherein, the first transparent conductive layer has a first conductive side close to the first pixel opening, and the second electrode arranged in the first pixel opening is in contact with the first conductive side of the first transparent conductive layer; the first transparent shielding layer has a first protruding portion protruding from the first conductive side of the first transparent conductive layer in a direction parallel to the substrate, and the first protruding portion is not in contact with the first transparent conductive layer. Alternatively, the first transparent conductive layer is provided with at least one first recessed portion. The orthographic projection of the first recessed portion on the substrate is within the orthographic projection of the pixel definition layer on the substrate. The first transparent conductive layer has a second conductive side surrounding the first recessed portion, and the second conductive side is in contact with the second electrode of the first light-emitting element; the first transparent shielding layer is provided with at least one shielding opening, and the shielding opening communicates with the first recessed portion. The orthographic projection of the shielding opening on the substrate is within the orthographic projection of the first recessed portion on the substrate. The first transparent shielding layer has a second protruding portion protruding from the second conductive side of the first transparent conductive layer in a direction parallel to the substrate, and the second protruding portion is not in contact with the first transparent conductive layer.

[0006] In some exemplary embodiments, the display substrate further includes: an ineffective light-emitting functional layer, an ineffective electrode layer, a first inorganic encapsulation layer, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer. The ineffective light-emitting functional layer is located on a side of the first transparent light-blocking layer away from the substrate. The ineffective electrode layer is located on a side of the ineffective light-emitting functional layer away from the substrate. The first inorganic encapsulation layer is located on a side of the second electrode and the ineffective electrode layer away from the substrate. The first inorganic encapsulation layer is provided with at least one first encapsulation opening in the first display area, and a positive projection of the first encapsulation opening on the substrate is within a positive projection range of the pixel defining layer on the substrate. The second inorganic encapsulation layer is located on a side of the first inorganic encapsulation layer away from the substrate. The second inorganic encapsulation layer is in contact with the ineffective light-emitting functional layer through the first encapsulation opening, or is in contact with the first transparent light-blocking layer through the first encapsulation opening, or is in contact with the first transparent conductive layer through the first encapsulation opening, or is in contact with the pixel defining layer through the first encapsulation opening.

[0007] In some exemplary embodiments, the display substrate further includes: an ineffective light-emitting functional layer, an ineffective electrode layer, a first inorganic encapsulation layer, and an organic encapsulation layer. The ineffective light-emitting functional layer is located on a side of the first transparent light-blocking layer away from the substrate. The ineffective electrode layer is located on a side of the ineffective light-emitting functional layer away from the substrate. The first inorganic encapsulation layer is located on a side of the second electrode and the ineffective electrode layer away from the substrate. The first inorganic encapsulation layer is provided with at least one first encapsulation opening in the first display area, and a positive projection of the first encapsulation opening on the substrate is within a positive projection range of the pixel defining layer on the substrate. The organic encapsulation layer is located on a side of the first inorganic encapsulation layer away from the substrate. The organic encapsulation layer is in contact with the ineffective light-emitting functional layer through the first encapsulation opening, or is in contact with the first transparent light-blocking layer through the first encapsulation opening, or is in contact with the first transparent conductive layer through the first encapsulation opening, or is in contact with the pixel defining layer through the first encapsulation opening.

[0008] In some exemplary embodiments, the display substrate further includes: at least one second transparent conductive layer, where the second transparent conductive layer is located between the first transparent conductive layer and the first transparent light-blocking layer; a positive projection of the first transparent conductive layer on the substrate at least partially overlaps with a positive projection of the second transparent conductive layer on the substrate.

[0009] In some exemplary embodiments, the second transparent conductive layer has a third conductive side close to the first pixel opening; a first protrusion of the first transparent light-blocking layer protrudes in a direction parallel to the substrate from the third conductive side of the second transparent conductive layer, and the first protrusion is not in contact with the second transparent conductive layer.

[0010] In some exemplary embodiments, the display substrate further includes: at least one second transparent shielding layer, which is located on a side of the first transparent shielding layer close to the substrate, and a positive projection of the second transparent shielding layer on the substrate at least partially overlaps with a positive projection of the first transparent shielding layer on the substrate.

[0011] In some exemplary embodiments, a positive projection of the second transparent shielding layer on the substrate is within a range of a positive projection of the first transparent conductive layer on the substrate, and the positive projection of the first transparent conductive layer on the substrate is within a range of the positive projection of the first transparent shielding layer on the substrate.

[0012] In some exemplary embodiments, the display substrate further includes: a third transparent conductive layer, which is located between the first transparent shielding layer and the second transparent shielding layer; the third transparent conductive layer covers a surface and a side surface of the second transparent shielding layer away from the substrate, and the third transparent conductive layer is in contact with a partial surface of the first transparent conductive layer away from the substrate.

[0013] In some exemplary embodiments, the display substrate further includes: a pixel definition protection layer, which is located between the pixel definition layer and the first transparent conductive layer; the pixel definition protection layer covers a surface and a side surface of the pixel definition layer away from the substrate.

[0014] In some exemplary embodiments, a positive projection of the pixel definition layer on the substrate is within a range of a positive projection of the first transparent conductive layer on the substrate.

[0015] In some exemplary embodiments, a thickness range of the first transparent conductive layer is from 0.2 micrometers to 5 micrometers, and a thickness range of the first transparent shielding layer is from 0.03 micrometers to 3 micrometers.

[0016] In some exemplary embodiments, a minimum distance between a boundary of the first transparent conductive layer close to the first pixel opening and a boundary of the first transparent shielding layer close to the first pixel opening is from 0.3 micrometers to 5 micrometers. A minimum distance between a boundary of the first transparent conductive layer close to the first pixel opening and a boundary of the pixel definition layer is from 0.2 micrometers to 10 micrometers.

[0017] In some exemplary embodiments, the substrate further includes: a second display area; the second display area is located on at least one side of the first display area, and a light transmittance of the second display area is less than a light transmittance of the first display area.

[0018] In some exemplary embodiments, the display substrate further includes: a plurality of first spacer pillars and a plurality of second light-emitting elements located in the second display area. The plurality of first spacer pillars are disposed among the plurality of second light-emitting elements, and one of the plurality of first spacer pillars includes: a first pillar layer and a second pillar layer, the first pillar layer having the same layer structure as the first transparent conductive layer, and the second pillar layer having the same layer structure as the first transparent shielding layer.

[0019] In some exemplary embodiments, the display substrate further includes: a first inorganic encapsulation layer located on a side of the second electrode away from the substrate. The first inorganic encapsulation layer covers a positive projection of the plurality of first spacer pillars on the substrate in the second display area; alternatively, the first inorganic encapsulation layer is provided with at least one second encapsulation opening in the second display area, and a positive projection of the second encapsulation opening on the substrate is located within a positive projection range of the pixel defining layer on the substrate.

[0020] In some exemplary embodiments, the display substrate further includes: a second inorganic encapsulation layer located on a side of the first inorganic encapsulation layer away from the substrate. The second inorganic encapsulation layer contacts the first spacer pillar through the second encapsulation opening.

[0021] In some exemplary embodiments, the display substrate further includes: a plurality of second spacer pillars located in the first display area and the second display area. The plurality of second spacer pillars in the first display area are located on a side of the first transparent shielding layer away from the substrate, and the plurality of second spacer pillars in the second display area are in contact with the pixel defining layer.

[0022] On the other hand, the present embodiment provides a display device, including the display substrate as described above, and a sensor located on a non-display surface side of the display substrate, a positive projection of the sensor on the display substrate at least partially overlapping with the first display area of the display substrate.

[0023] For the display substrate provided in the present embodiment, by providing the first transparent shielding layer with a first protrusion or a second protrusion protruding from the first transparent conductive layer, it is possible to ensure that the second electrodes of adjacent first light-emitting elements are separated during the manufacturing process, and the second electrodes of the plurality of first light-emitting elements are in contact with the first transparent conductive layer, thereby improving the light transmittance of the first display area and ensuring the voltage uniformity of the second electrodes of the plurality of first light-emitting elements in the first display area.

[0024] Other features and advantages of the present utility model will be described in the following specification, and will, in part, be obvious from the specification, or will be understood by implementing the present utility model. The objectives and other advantages of the present utility model can be realized and obtained by the structures specifically pointed out in the specification and the drawings. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0025] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solution of the present utility model, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present utility model, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present utility model, and do not constitute a limitation to the technical solution of the present utility model.

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagrams of various structures of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic plan view of the display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 3A and Figure 3B Partial top view of the first display area according to at least one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 and Figure 5 is Figure 3A Partial cross-sectional view along the QQ' direction in;

[0030] Figure 6 Partial cross-sectional view of the display substrate after forming the pixel definition layer according to at least one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 7 Partial cross-sectional view of the display substrate after forming the first transparent barrier layer according to at least one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 8 Partial cross-sectional view of the display substrate after forming the first transparent conductive layer according to at least one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 9 Partial cross-sectional view of the display substrate after forming the light-emitting functional layer and the cathode layer according to at least one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 10 Partial cross-sectional view of the display substrate after forming the first inorganic encapsulation layer according to at least one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0035] Figure 11 Another partial cross-sectional view of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0036] Figure 12 Another partial cross-sectional view of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0037] Figure 13Another partial cross-sectional view of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 14 Another partial cross-sectional view of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 15 Another partial cross-sectional view of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 16 Another partial cross-sectional view of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 17 Another partial cross-sectional view of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 18 Another partial cross-sectional view of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 19 Another partial cross-sectional view of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 20 Another partial cross-sectional view of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 21 Another partial cross-sectional view of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 22 Another partial cross-sectional view of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 23 Another partial cross-sectional view of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 24 Another partial cross-sectional view of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 25 Another partial cross-sectional view of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 26 Another partial cross-sectional view of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 27 Another partial cross-sectional view of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0052] Figure 28 Another partial top view of the first display area according to at least one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0053] Figure 29 Another partial top view of the second display area according to at least one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0054] Figure 30 is Figure 29 A partial cross-sectional view along the PP' direction in

[0055] Figure 31 is Figure 29 Another partial cross-sectional view along the PP' direction in

[0056] Figure 32 Another partial top view of the second display area according to at least one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0057] Figure 33 is Figure 32 A partial cross-sectional view along the SS' direction in

[0058] Figure 34 A partial cross-sectional view of the first display area according to at least one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0059] Figure 35 Schematic diagram of a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed implementation manners

[0060] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The implementation manners can be implemented in multiple different forms. It is easy for those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the fact that the manners and contents can be transformed into other forms without departing from the gist and scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the present utility model should not be construed as being limited only to the contents described in the following implementation manners. Without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present utility model can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

[0061] In the drawings, sometimes for clarity, the sizes of one or more constituent elements, the thicknesses of layers, or regions are exaggerated. Therefore, one aspect of the present utility model is not necessarily limited to such dimensions, and the shapes and sizes of one or more components in the drawings do not reflect the true proportions. In addition, the drawings schematically show ideal examples, and one aspect of the present utility model is not limited to the shapes or values shown in the drawings.

[0062] The ordinal numbers such as "first", "second", "third", etc. in this specification are set to avoid confusion of components, rather than to limit the quantity. The "multiple" in the present utility model means two or more quantities.

[0063] In this specification, for convenience, terms indicating orientation or positional relationship such as "middle", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are used to describe the positional relationship of components with reference to the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of describing this specification and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model. The positional relationship of components is appropriately changed according to the direction of the described components. Therefore, it is not limited to the terms described in the specification and can be appropriately replaced according to the situation.

[0064] In this specification, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "coupled" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate member, or the internal communication of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to the situation.

[0065] In this specification, "electrically connected" includes the situation where components are connected together through an element having a certain electrical effect. There is no particular limitation on the "element having a certain electrical effect" as long as it can transmit electrical signals between the components to be connected. Examples of the "element having a certain electrical effect" include not only electrodes and wirings, but also switching elements such as transistors, resistors, inductors, capacitors, and other elements having various functions.

[0066] In this specification, a transistor refers to an element having at least three terminals: a gate, a drain, and a source. The transistor has a channel region between the drain (drain electrode terminal, drain region, or drain electrode) and the source (source electrode terminal, source region, or source electrode), and current can flow through the drain, the channel region, and the source. In this specification, the channel region refers to the region where current mainly flows. In this specification, the first pole can be the drain, the second pole can be the source, or the first pole can be the source, and the second pole can be the drain. In the case of using transistors with opposite polarities or when the current direction changes during circuit operation, etc., the functions of the "source" and "drain" are sometimes interchanged. Therefore, in this specification, the "source" and "drain" can be interchanged. In addition, the gate can also be referred to as the control pole.

[0067] In this specification, "parallel" means a state where the angle formed by two straight lines is more than -10° and less than 10°, and thus also includes a state where the angle is more than -5° and less than 5°. Additionally, "perpendicular" means a state where the angle formed by two straight lines is more than 80° and less than 100°, and thus also includes a state where the angle is more than 85° and less than 95°.

[0068] The "light transmittance" in the present utility model refers to the ability of light to pass through a medium, which is the percentage of the light flux passing through a transparent or translucent body to its incident light flux.

[0069] The statements in the present utility model that "A and B are arranged on the same layer" and "A and B have the same layer structure" mean that A and B are formed simultaneously through the same patterning process, or the surfaces of A and B close to the substrate side are at substantially the same distance from the substrate, or the surfaces of A and B close to the substrate side are in direct contact with the same film layer. The "thickness" of the film layer is the dimension of the film layer in the direction perpendicular to the display substrate.

[0070] In the present utility model, "the orthographic projection of B is within the range of the orthographic projection of A" means that the boundary of the orthographic projection of B falls within the boundary range of the orthographic projection of A. "The orthographic projection of A includes the orthographic projection of B" includes: the boundary of the orthographic projection of B falls within the boundary range of the orthographic projection of A, or the boundary of the orthographic projection of A overlaps with the boundary of the orthographic projection of B. The "shape of A" in the present utility model refers to the shape of the orthographic projection of A on the substrate.

[0071] In the present utility model, the size of A refers to the size of the orthographic projection of A on the substrate. When the orthographic projection of A on the substrate is a rectangle, the size of A may include at least one of the following: the length of the orthographic projection of A on the substrate in the first direction, the length of the orthographic projection of A on the substrate in the second direction, the area of the orthographic projection of A on the substrate; wherein, the first direction may be perpendicular to the second direction. When the orthographic projection of A on the substrate is a circle or an ellipse, the size of A may include at least one of the following: the radius of the orthographic projection of A on the substrate, the diameter of the orthographic projection of A on the substrate, the area of the orthographic projection of A on the substrate.

[0072] In the present utility model, "stacked arrangement" means that multiple film layers are arranged on the substrate, and at least part of their orthographic projections on the substrate overlap.

[0073] The terms "about" and "substantially" in the present utility model mean that the boundaries are not strictly defined and allow for situations within the process and measurement errors. In the present utility model, "substantially the same" means that the numerical values differ by within 10%.

[0074] In some implementations, OLED devices have become the mainstream display structure due to characteristics such as high color gamut, thinness, and flexibility. For display devices equipped with sensors (such as hardware like front cameras, ambient light sensors, distance sensors, infrared emitters and sensors for face recognition, etc.), current designs like notch screens, beauty tip screens, water drop screens, and punch-hole screens are adopted to reduce the occupied space of sensors in the display area, so as to increase the screen-to-body ratio of the display substrate. To improve the light transmittance of the corresponding area (such as a so-called high transmittance area) of the sensor on the display substrate, some film layers (such as the cathode layer) in the high transmittance area can be patterned. Taking the patterning of the cathode layer as an example, a fine metal mask (FMM) is required. However, due to the problem of a large process margin in the FMM, precise patterning cannot be achieved, resulting in the inability to significantly increase the light transmittance of the display substrate.

[0075] This embodiment provides a display substrate, including: a substrate, a plurality of first light-emitting elements, a pixel definition layer, a first transparent conductive layer, and a first transparent shielding layer. The substrate includes a first display area. The plurality of first light-emitting elements are located in the first display area. The first light-emitting element includes: a first electrode, a light-emitting functional layer, and a second electrode which are stacked. The first electrode is located on the side of the second electrode closer to the substrate. The pixel definition layer is located on the side of the first electrode of the plurality of first light-emitting elements away from the substrate. The pixel definition layer is provided with a plurality of first pixel openings in the first display area. The light-emitting functional layer and the second electrode of the first light-emitting element are arranged in the first pixel openings, and the light-emitting functional layer is in contact with the first electrode through the first pixel opening. The first transparent conductive layer is located on the side of the pixel definition layer away from the substrate. The first transparent shielding layer is located on the side of the first transparent conductive layer away from the substrate; the orthographic projection of the first transparent conductive layer on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the first transparent shielding layer on the substrate at least partially overlap. Among them, the first transparent conductive layer has a first conductive side close to the first pixel opening, and the second electrode arranged in the first pixel opening is in contact with the first conductive side of the first transparent conductive layer; the first transparent shielding layer has a first protruding portion protruding from the first conductive side of the first transparent conductive layer in a direction parallel to the substrate, and the first protruding portion is not in contact with the first transparent conductive layer. Or, the first transparent conductive layer is provided with at least one first recessed portion. The orthographic projection of the first recessed portion on the substrate is within the orthographic projection of the pixel definition layer on the substrate. The first transparent conductive layer has a second conductive side surrounding the first recessed portion, and the second conductive side is in contact with the second electrode of the first light-emitting element; the first transparent shielding layer is provided with at least one shielding opening, and the shielding opening communicates with the first recessed portion. The orthographic projection of the shielding opening on the substrate is within the orthographic projection of the first recessed portion on the substrate. The first transparent shielding layer has a second protruding portion protruding from the second conductive side of the first transparent conductive layer in a direction parallel to the substrate, and the second protruding portion is not in contact with the first transparent conductive layer.

[0076] The display substrate provided in this embodiment can ensure that the second electrodes of adjacent first light-emitting elements are separated during the manufacturing process and the second electrodes of multiple first light-emitting elements are in contact with the first transparent conductive layer by providing the first transparent shielding layer with a first protrusion or a second protrusion protruding from the first transparent conductive layer. Thereby, the light transmittance of the first display area can be improved, and the voltage uniformity of the second electrodes of multiple first light-emitting elements in the first display area can be ensured.

[0077] In some exemplary embodiments, the display substrate may further include: an ineffective light-emitting functional layer, an ineffective electrode layer, a first inorganic encapsulation layer, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer. The ineffective light-emitting functional layer is located on the side of the first transparent shielding layer away from the substrate. The ineffective electrode layer is located on the side of the ineffective light-emitting functional layer away from the substrate. The first inorganic encapsulation layer is located on the side of the second electrode and the ineffective electrode layer away from the substrate. The first inorganic encapsulation layer is provided with at least one first encapsulation opening in the first display area, and the orthographic projection of the first encapsulation opening on the substrate is within the orthographic projection range of the pixel definition layer on the substrate. The second inorganic encapsulation layer is located on the side of the first inorganic encapsulation layer away from the substrate. The second inorganic encapsulation layer is in contact with the ineffective light-emitting functional layer, or in contact with the first transparent shielding layer, or in contact with the first transparent conductive layer, or in contact with the pixel definition layer through the first encapsulation opening. By further removing the ineffective electrode layer, the ineffective light-emitting functional layer, the first transparent shielding layer, or the first transparent conductive layer in the interval area between adjacent first light-emitting elements in this example, the light transmittance of the first display area can be further improved.

[0078] In some exemplary embodiments, the display substrate may further include: an ineffective light-emitting functional layer, an ineffective electrode layer, a first inorganic encapsulation layer, and an organic encapsulation layer. The ineffective light-emitting functional layer is located on the side of the first transparent shielding layer away from the substrate. The ineffective electrode layer is located on the side of the ineffective light-emitting functional layer away from the substrate. The first inorganic encapsulation layer is located on the side of the second electrode and the ineffective electrode layer away from the substrate. The first inorganic encapsulation layer is provided with at least one first encapsulation opening in the first display area, and the orthographic projection of the first encapsulation opening on the substrate is within the orthographic projection range of the pixel definition layer on the substrate. The organic encapsulation layer is located on the side of the first inorganic encapsulation layer away from the substrate. The organic encapsulation layer is in contact with the ineffective light-emitting functional layer, or in contact with the first transparent shielding layer, or in contact with the first transparent conductive layer, or in contact with the pixel definition layer through the first encapsulation opening. By omitting the setting of the second inorganic encapsulation layer and removing the ineffective electrode layer, the ineffective light-emitting functional layer, the first transparent shielding layer, or the first transparent conductive layer in the interval area between adjacent first light-emitting elements in this example, the light transmittance of the first display area can be further improved.

[0079] In some exemplary embodiments, the display substrate may further include: at least one second transparent conductive layer, which may be located between the first transparent conductive layer and the first transparent light-blocking layer; the orthographic projection of the first transparent conductive layer on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the second transparent conductive layer on the substrate may at least partially overlap. In this example, by providing at least one second transparent conductive layer in contact with the first transparent conductive layer, it is beneficial to increase the contact ability between the second electrode of the first light-emitting element and the first transparent conductive layer.

[0080] The solutions of this embodiment will be illustrated by some examples below.

[0081] Figure 1 Multiple structural schematic diagrams of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. In some examples, the display substrate may include: a display area and a peripheral area (not shown in the figure) surrounding the display area. The display area may include: at least one first display area and a second display area A2 located on at least one side of the first display area. For example, the second display area A2 may surround at least one first display area. In other examples, the display area may only include the first display area.

[0082] In some examples, as Figure 1 (a) shows, the display area may include: a first display area (for example, including a first type of first display area A11) and a second display area A2, and the second display area A2 may surround the first type of first display area A11. The first type of first display area A11 may be generally circular. The first type of first display area A11 may be located at the exact middle position at the top of the display area.

[0083] In some examples, as Figure 1 (b) shows, the display area may include: two first display areas (for example, including two first types of first display areas A11a and A11b) and a second display area A2. The second display area A2 may surround the two first types of first display areas A11a and A11b. The two first types of first display areas A11a and A11b may be arranged in alignment along the first direction X. The two first types of first display areas A11a and A11b may both be circular.

[0084] In some examples, as Figure 1 (c) shows, the display area may include: three first display areas (for example, including three first types of first display areas A11a, A11b, and A11c) and a second display area A2. The second display area A2 may surround the three first types of first display areas A11a, A11b, and A11c. The three first types of first display areas A11a, A11b, and A11c may be arranged in alignment along the first direction X. The three first types of first display areas A11a, A11b, and A11c may both be circular.

[0085] In some examples, such as Figure 1 as shown in (d), the display area may include: two first display areas (for example, including a first-type first display area A11 and a second-type first display area A12) and a second display area A2. The second display area A2 may surround the first-type first display area A11 and the second-type first display area A12. The second-type first display area A12 and the first-type first display area A11 may be arranged in alignment along the first direction X. For example, the first-type first display area A11 may be located in the middle of the display area, and the second-type first display area A12 may be located on the left side of the first-type first display area A11. The first-type first display area A11 may be generally circular, and the second-type first display area A12 may be generally in a racetrack shape. The length of the second-type first display area A12 along the first direction X may be greater than the length along the second direction Y. Among them, the first direction X intersects with the second direction Y. For example, the first direction X may be perpendicular to the second direction Y. However, this embodiment does not limit this

[0086] In some examples, such as Figure 1 (e) and Figure 1 (f) as shown, the display area may include: a first display area (for example, including a second-type first display area A12) and a second display area A2. As Figure 1 shown in (e), the second-type first display area A12 may be located in the middle of the display area. As Figure 1 shown in (f), the second-type first display area A12 may be located in the upper left corner of the display area. The second-type first display area A12 may be generally in a racetrack shape.

[0087] In some other examples, the first display area may be located at other positions such as the upper left corner, lower left corner, lower right corner, or upper right corner of the display area. The first-type first display area or the second-type first display area may be rectangular, rounded rectangular, semi-circular, elliptical, or other polygons.

[0088] In some examples, the first display area may also be referred to as a light-transmissive display area, and the second display area A2 may also be referred to as a normal display area. The second display area A2 may be configured to perform image display, and the first display area may be configured to perform image display and support the functions of the under-screen devices. The light transmittance of the first display area may be greater than the light transmittance of the second display area A2. For example, the light transmittance of the first-type first display area A11 may be greater than the light transmittance of the second-type first display area A12 and greater than the light transmittance of the second display area A2.

[0089] In some examples, the functions corresponding to multiple first display areas may be different or partially the same. For example, the first type of first display area A11 may be configured to support visible light transmission, so that the camera disposed under the screen can receive visible light to implement functions such as photographing or video recording; for another example, the second type of first display area A12 may be configured to support infrared light transmission, so that the infrared sensor disposed under the screen can transmit infrared light to implement functions such as face recognition using infrared light. Taking the first type of first display area A11 as a circle as an example, the size of the orthographic projection of a single sensor on the display substrate may be less than or equal to the size of the first type of first display area A11. In other examples, the first display area may also be configured to support distance sensing or ambient light sensing. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0090] Figure 2 It is a schematic plan view of the display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. In some examples, as Figure 2 shown, the display area may include a plurality of pixel units P, and at least one pixel unit P may include: a first sub-pixel P1 that emits first color light, a second sub-pixel P2 that emits second color light, and two third sub-pixels P31 and P32 that emit third color light. The plurality of pixel units P may be arranged in an array in the display area along a first direction X and a second direction Y.

[0091] In some examples, the first color light may be red light, the second color light may be blue light, and the third color light may be green light. The first sub-pixel P1 may be a red sub-pixel (R), the second sub-pixel P2 may be a blue sub-pixel (B), and the third sub-pixels P31 and P32 may be green sub-pixels (G). For example, the third sub-pixel P31 may be a first green sub-pixel (G1), and the third sub-pixel P32 may be a second green sub-pixel (G2).

[0092] In some examples, each sub-pixel may include a circuit unit and a light-emitting element. The circuit unit may at least include a pixel circuit. The pixel circuit is respectively connected to a scan line, a data line, and a light-emitting control line. The pixel circuit may be configured to receive the data voltage transmitted by the data line and output a corresponding current to the light-emitting element under the control of the scan line and the light-emitting control line. The light-emitting elements in at least one sub-pixel are respectively connected to the pixel circuit of the sub-pixel where they are located, and the light-emitting elements are configured to emit light with corresponding brightness in response to the current output by the pixel circuit of the sub-pixel where they are located.

[0093] In some examples, the pixel circuit may include multiple transistors and at least one capacitor. For example, the pixel circuit may have a structure such as 3T1C, 4T1C, 5T1C, 5T2C, 6T1C, 7T1C, or 8T1C. Among them, in the above circuit structures, T refers to a thin-film transistor, C refers to a capacitor, the number before T represents the number of thin-film transistors in the circuit, and the number before C represents the number of capacitors in the circuit.

[0094] In some examples, the multiple transistors in the pixel circuit may be P-type transistors, or may be N-type transistors. Using transistors of the same type in the pixel circuit can simplify the process flow, reduce the process difficulty of the display substrate, and improve the yield of the product. In some other examples, the multiple transistors in the pixel circuit may include P-type transistors and N-type transistors.

[0095] In some examples, the multiple transistors in the pixel circuit may employ low-temperature poly-silicon thin-film transistors, or may employ oxide thin-film transistors, or may employ low-temperature poly-silicon thin-film transistors and oxide thin-film transistors. The active layer of the low-temperature poly-silicon thin-film transistor uses low-temperature poly-silicon (LTPS, Low Temperature Poly-Silicon), and the active layer of the oxide thin-film transistor uses an oxide semiconductor (Oxide). The low-temperature poly-silicon thin-film transistor has advantages such as high mobility and fast charging, and the oxide thin-film transistor has advantages such as low leakage current. Integrating the low-temperature poly-silicon thin-film transistor and the oxide thin-film transistor on a display substrate, that is, an LTPS+Oxide (abbreviated as LTPO) display substrate, can utilize the advantages of both, can achieve low-frequency driving, can reduce power consumption, and can improve the display quality.

[0096] In some examples, the light-emitting element may be any one of a light-emitting diode (LED, Light Emitting Diode), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED, Organic Light Emitting Diode), a quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED, QuantumDot Light Emitting Diodes), a micro-LED (including: mini-LED or micro-LED), etc. For example, the light-emitting element may be an OLED, and the light-emitting element can emit red light, green light, blue light, or white light, etc. under the drive of its corresponding pixel circuit. The color of the light emitted by the light-emitting element can be determined according to needs. In some examples, the light-emitting element may include: an anode, a cathode, and an organic light-emitting layer located between the anode and the cathode. The anode of the light-emitting element can be electrically connected to the corresponding pixel circuit. However, this embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0097] In some examples, the shape of the light-emitting element can be rectangular, rhombic, pentagonal or hexagonal. The light-emitting elements of the four sub-pixels of a pixel unit can be arranged in a horizontal side-by-side, vertical side-by-side or square manner. However, the present embodiment does not limit this. In other examples, a pixel unit can include three sub-pixels, and the light-emitting elements of the three sub-pixels can be arranged in a horizontal side-by-side, vertical side-by-side or triangular (pinzi) manner.

[0098] Figure 3A and Figure 3B is a partial top view schematic diagram of the first display area of at least one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3A and Figure 3B Taking the four first light-emitting elements in the first display area as an example for illustration. This example is described by taking the external pixel circuit solution as an example. Among them, each sub-pixel in the first display area includes a first light-emitting element, and at least one first pixel circuit located in the second display area can be connected to at least one first light-emitting element located in the first display area through a conductive connection line; each sub-pixel in the second display area can include a second light-emitting element and a second pixel circuit located in the second display area and connected to each other.

[0099] In some examples, as Figure 3A and Figure 3B shown, the multiple first light-emitting elements in the first display area can include: a first light-emitting element 31 that emits first-color light, a first light-emitting element 32 that emits second-color light, and first light-emitting elements 33 and 34 that emit third-color light. The first light-emitting elements 33 and 34 can be arranged along the first direction X, and the first light-emitting elements 31 and 32 can be arranged along the second direction Y. The first-color light can be red light, the second-color light can be blue light, and the third-color light can be green light.

[0100] In some examples, as Figure 3A shown, the orthographic projections of the first light-emitting element 31, the first light-emitting element 32, and the first light-emitting elements 33 and 34 on the substrate can be approximately circular. Among them, the size of the orthographic projection of the first light-emitting element 31 on the substrate can be larger than the size of the orthographic projections of the first light-emitting elements 33 and 34 on the substrate, and the size of the orthographic projection of the first light-emitting element 32 on the substrate can be larger than the size of the orthographic projection of the first light-emitting element 31 on the substrate.

[0101] In some examples, as Figure 3BAs shown, the orthographic projection of the first light-emitting element 31 on the substrate can be approximately rectangular, and the orthographic projections of the first light-emitting elements 33 and 34 on the substrate can be approximately rounded rectangles. The size of the orthographic projection of the first light-emitting element 31 on the substrate can be larger than the sizes of the orthographic projections of the first light-emitting elements 33 and 34 on the substrate. The orthographic projection of the first light-emitting element 32 on the substrate can be approximately circular. In some other examples, the orthographic projection of the first light-emitting element on the substrate can include other shapes, such as being oval, racetrack-shaped, or polygonal, etc.

[0102] Figure 4 and Figure 5 is Figure 3A The partial cross-sectional schematic diagram along the QQ' direction in. Figure 4 Taking the partial cross-sectional structures of the first light-emitting element 31 and the first light-emitting element 33 as an example, Figure 5 It mainly shows the partial cross-sectional structure of the interval region between the first light-emitting element 31 and the first light-emitting element 33.

[0103] In some examples, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, in the direction perpendicular to the display substrate, the display substrate of the first display area can include: a substrate 10, a driving structure layer 11 provided on the substrate 10, a first transparent conductive layer 51, a first transparent shielding layer 61, a light-emitting structure layer 13, and a packaging structure layer 14.

[0104] In some examples, the first pixel circuit connected to the first light-emitting element can be located in the second display area. In this example, the pixel circuit external scheme is adopted. The first light-emitting element located in the first display area and the first pixel circuit located in the second display area can be electrically connected through a conductive connection line. By setting the first pixel circuit in the second display area so that no pixel circuit is provided in the first display area, the light transmittance of the first display area can be improved. In this example, the driving structure layer 11 of the first display area can include a plurality of insulating layers stacked. For example, the driving structure layer of the second display area can include: a semiconductor layer, a first gate insulating layer, a first gate metal layer, a second gate insulating layer, a second gate metal layer, an interlayer insulating layer, a first source-drain metal layer, a first planarization layer, a second source-drain metal layer, a second planarization layer, a conductive connection layer, and a third planarization layer, which are sequentially provided on the substrate 10; wherein, the conductive connection line can be located in the conductive connection layer. The driving structure layer 11 of the first display area can include: a first gate insulating layer, a second gate insulating layer, an interlayer insulating layer, a first planarization layer, a second planarization layer, and a third planarization layer, which are sequentially stacked.

[0105] In some examples, the first pixel circuit to which the first light-emitting element is connected may be located in the first display area. In this example, the pixel circuit built-in scheme is adopted, and adjacent first pixel circuits in the first display area can be connected through transparent connection lines. The orthographic projection of the first light-emitting element in the first display area on the substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the pixel circuit in the first display area on the substrate. The film layer structures of the driving structure layer in the first display area and the driving structure layer in the second display area may be substantially the same. For example, the driving structure layer 11 in the first display area may include: a semiconductor layer, a first gate insulating layer, a first gate metal layer, a second gate insulating layer, a second gate metal layer, an interlayer insulating layer, a first source-drain metal layer, a first planarization layer, a connection layer, a second planarization layer, a second source-drain metal layer, and a third planarization layer, which are sequentially disposed on the substrate; wherein, the transparent connection line may be located in the connection layer. The film layer of the driving structure layer in the first display area is not limited in this embodiment.

[0106] In some examples, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the light-emitting structure layer of the first display area may include: an anode layer, a pixel definition layer 35, a light-emitting functional layer, and a cathode layer, which are sequentially disposed on the driving structure layer 11. In this example, the first electrode of the first light-emitting element is taken as the anode and the second electrode as the cathode for illustration. The anode layer of the first display area may include: the anodes of the first light-emitting elements electrically connected to the first pixel circuits of the driving structure layer (for example, including the anode 311 of the first light-emitting element 31 and the anode 331 of the first light-emitting element 33). The pixel definition layer 35 is provided with a plurality of first pixel openings in the first display area, and the first pixel openings may expose partial surfaces of the corresponding anodes. The light-emitting functional layer of the first light-emitting element may be in contact with the corresponding anode through the first pixel opening. For example, the light-emitting functional layer 3001 of the first light-emitting element 31 may be in contact with the anode 311, and the light-emitting functional layer 3003 of the first light-emitting element 33 may be in contact with the anode 331. The cathode layer may include: the cathodes of a plurality of first light-emitting elements, and the cathode of each first light-emitting element may be connected to the corresponding light-emitting functional layer, and the light-emitting functional layer may emit light of corresponding colors under the drive of the corresponding anode and cathode. For example, the cathode layer may include a first cathode layer 303 and a second cathode layer 304 arranged in a stacked manner, and the second cathode layer 304 may be located on the side of the first cathode layer 303 away from the substrate 10. The first cathode layer 303 and the second cathode layer 304 located within the first pixel opening and in contact with the light-emitting functional layer 3001 may serve as the cathode of the first light-emitting element 31, and the first cathode layer 303 and the second cathode layer 304 located within another first pixel opening and in contact with the light-emitting functional layer 3003 may serve as the cathode of the first light-emitting element 33. Among them, the anode 311, the light-emitting functional layer 3001, and the cathode of the first light-emitting element 31 are stacked within the first pixel opening, and the anode 331, the light-emitting functional layer 3003, and the cathode 303 of the first light-emitting element 33 are stacked within another first pixel opening. In some examples, the light-emitting structure layer may further include: a light extraction layer located on the side of the cathode layer away from the substrate 10.

[0107] In some examples, the light-emitting functional layers of adjacent first light-emitting elements are separated by a first transparent barrier layer 61, and the cathodes of adjacent first light-emitting elements are separated by the first transparent barrier layer 61. The cathode of the first light-emitting element may be in contact with the adjacent first transparent conductive layer 51 to achieve electrical connection between the cathodes of multiple first light-emitting elements in the first display area, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the cathode transmission voltage signal.

[0108] In some examples, the light-emitting functional layer of the first light-emitting element may include: a first functional layer, a light-emitting layer (EML, Emitting Layer), and a second functional layer, which are sequentially stacked. For example, the light-emitting functional layer 3001 of the first light-emitting element 31 that emits the first color light may include: a first functional layer 301, a light-emitting layer 312, and a second functional layer 302, which are sequentially stacked; the light-emitting functional layer 3003 of the first light-emitting element 33 that emits the third color light may include: a first functional layer 301, a light-emitting layer 332, and a second functional layer 302, which are sequentially stacked. The light-emitting layers of the first light-emitting elements that emit different color lights may be different. For example, the light-emitting layer of the first light-emitting element that emits red light may include a red light-emitting layer; the light-emitting layer of the first light-emitting element that emits green light may include a green light-emitting layer, and the light-emitting layer of the first light-emitting element that emits blue light may include a blue light-emitting layer. In this example, the light-emitting layer 312 may be a red light-emitting layer, and the light-emitting layer 332 may be a green light-emitting layer.

[0109] In some examples, the first functional layer 301 may include at least one of the following: a hole injection layer (HIL, Hole Injection Layer), a hole transport layer (HTL, Hole Transport Layer), and an electron blocking layer (EBL, Electron Block Layer); the second functional layer 302 may include at least one of the following: a hole blocking layer (HBL, Hole Block Layer), an electron injection layer (EIL, Electron Injection Layer), and an electron transport layer (ETL, Electron Transport Layer). In some examples, any one or more of the hole injection layer, the hole transport layer, the electron blocking layer, the hole blocking layer, the electron injection layer, and the electron transport layer may be fabricated by a single process (a single evaporation process or a single inkjet printing process), and isolation may be achieved through the thickness difference between the formed first transparent conductive layer 51 and the first transparent shielding layer 61, such that the first functional layers 301 of adjacent first light-emitting elements are separated, and the second functional layers 302 of adjacent first light-emitting elements are separated.

[0110] In some examples, such as Figures 3A to 5As shown, the first transparent conductive layer 51 is located on the side of the pixel defining layer 35 away from the substrate 10, and the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 is located on the side of the first transparent conductive layer 51 away from the substrate 10. In other words, the first transparent conductive layer 51 is located between the pixel defining layer 35 and the first transparent light-blocking layer 61. The orthographic projection of the first transparent conductive layer 51 on the substrate 10 may be within the orthographic projection range of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 on the substrate 10. The orthographic projection of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 on the substrate 10 is within the orthographic projection range of the pixel defining layer 35 on the substrate, and the orthographic projection of the first transparent conductive layer 51 on the substrate 10 may be within the orthographic projection range of the pixel defining layer 35 on the substrate. As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown in the cross-sectional view, the stacked structure of the first transparent conductive layer 51 and the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 may be generally in a T shape.

[0111] In some examples, as Figure 5 shown, the first transparent conductive layer 51 may include: a first conductive side surface close to the first pixel opening (for example, a first conductive side surface 511 facing the first light-emitting element 31 and a first conductive side surface 512 facing the first light-emitting element 33), a first conductive bottom surface 513 close to the substrate 10, and a first conductive top surface 514 away from the substrate 10. The first conductive side surface 511 may surround the light-emitting functional layer 3001 of the first light-emitting element 31 and the first pixel opening where the cathode is located, and the first conductive side surface 512 may surround the light-emitting functional layer 3003 of the first light-emitting element 33 and the first pixel opening where the cathode is located. The first conductive side surface 511 may be connected to the first conductive bottom surface 513 and the first conductive top surface 514 respectively, and the first conductive side surface 512 may be connected to the first conductive bottom surface 513 and the first conductive top surface 514 respectively.

[0112] In some examples, as Figure 5As shown, the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 may include: a first light-blocking side surface close to the first pixel opening (for example, a first light-blocking side surface 611 facing the first light-emitting element 31 and a first light-blocking side surface 612 facing the first light-emitting element 33), a first light-blocking bottom surface 613 close to the substrate 10, and a first light-blocking top surface 614 away from the substrate 10. The first light-blocking side surface 611 may surround the light-emitting functional layer 3001 of the first light-emitting element 31 and the first pixel opening where the cathode is located, and the first light-blocking side surface 612 may surround the light-emitting functional layer 3003 of the first light-emitting element 33 and the first pixel opening where the cathode is located. The first light-blocking side surface 611 is respectively connected to the first light-blocking bottom surface 613 and the first light-blocking top surface 614. The first light-blocking side surface 612 is respectively connected to the first light-blocking bottom surface 613 and the first light-blocking top surface 614. The first light-blocking bottom surface 613 may include: a first portion in contact with the first conductive top surface 514, and a second portion not in contact with the first transparent conductive layer 51 and connected to the first light-blocking side surface 611 or 612. In other words, the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 may have a first protruding portion (such as the first protruding portion 810a shown in Figure 8 ), which protrudes from the first conductive side surface 511 (or 512) of the first transparent conductive layer 51 in a direction parallel to the substrate 10, and the first protruding portion is not in contact with the first transparent conductive layer 51. Wherein, the first protruding portion may be formed by connecting the first light-blocking side surface 611 (or 612) of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 and the second portion of the first light-blocking bottom surface 613.

[0113] In some examples, the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 may be an inorganic transparent insulating layer, or may be an organic transparent insulating layer. The material of the first transparent conductive layer 51 may include a transparent conductive material. Both the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 and the first transparent conductive layer 51 in this example adopt transparent materials, which can ensure the light transmittance of the first display area.

[0114] In some examples, the thickness of the first transparent conductive layer 51 may be the vertical distance between the first conductive bottom surface 513 and the first conductive top surface 514 of the first transparent conductive layer 51. For example, the thickness H1 of the first transparent conductive layer 51 may be from 0.2 micrometers to 5 micrometers, such as about 0.5 micrometers, 1 micrometer, or 2 micrometers.

[0115] In some examples, the thickness of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 may be the vertical distance between the first light-blocking bottom surface 613 and the first light-blocking top surface 614 of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61. For example, the thickness H2 of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 may be from 0.03 micrometers to 3 micrometers, such as about 0.05 micrometers, 0.5 micrometers, 1 micrometer, or 1.5 micrometers.

[0116] In some examples, such as Figures 3A to 5As shown, the boundary 510 of the first transparent conductive layer 51 close to the first pixel opening can be the edge of the first conductive side 511 (or 512). The boundary 610 of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 close to the first pixel opening can be the edge of the first light-blocking side 611 (or 612). The minimum distance L2 between the boundary 510 of the first transparent conductive layer 51 close to the first pixel opening and the boundary 350 of the pixel definition layer can be from 0.2 micrometers to 10 micrometers, for example, it can be approximately 0.2 micrometers, 0.5 micrometers, 1 micrometer or 5 micrometers. The minimum distance L1 between the boundary 510 of the first transparent conductive layer 51 close to the first pixel opening and the boundary 610 of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 close to the first pixel opening can be from 0.3 micrometers to 5 micrometers, for example, it can be approximately 0.3 micrometers, 0.5 micrometers, 1 micrometer or 1.5 micrometers.

[0117] In some examples, by carefully controlling the thickness H1 of the first transparent conductive layer 51, the thickness H2 of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61, and the minimum distance L1 between the boundary of the first transparent conductive layer 51 close to the first pixel opening and the boundary of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 close to the first pixel opening, the first conductive sides 511 and 512 can be prevented from being completely covered by the light-emitting functional layers 3001 of the first light-emitting element 31 and 3003 of the first light-emitting element 33, so as to ensure that the first conductive side 511 can contact the cathode of the first light-emitting element 31 and the first conductive side 512 can contact the cathode of the first light-emitting element 33.

[0118] In some examples, the encapsulation structure layer 14 can include a first inorganic encapsulation layer 41, a second inorganic encapsulation layer 42, an organic encapsulation layer 44, and a third inorganic encapsulation layer 43 that are stacked. The first inorganic encapsulation layer 41, the second inorganic encapsulation layer 42, and the third inorganic encapsulation layer 43 can be made of inorganic materials, and the organic encapsulation layer 44 can be made of organic materials. The organic encapsulation layer 44 can be disposed between the second inorganic encapsulation layer 42 and the third inorganic encapsulation layer 43 to form an inorganic material / organic material / inorganic material laminated structure, which can prevent external moisture from entering the light-emitting structure layer 13.

[0119] In some examples, an ineffective light-emitting functional layer (e.g., including a first ineffective functional layer 201, a second ineffective functional layer 202, ineffective light-emitting layers 212 and 232) and an ineffective electrode layer (e.g., including a first ineffective electrode layer 203 and a second ineffective electrode layer 204) are provided on a side of the first transparent blocking layer 61 away from the substrate 10. The first ineffective functional layer 201 and the first functional layer 301 may be provided on the same layer, the second ineffective functional layer 202 and the second functional layer 302 may be provided on the same layer, the ineffective light-emitting layer 212 and the light-emitting layer 312 may be provided on the same layer, the ineffective light-emitting layer 232 and the light-emitting layer 332 may be provided on the same layer, the first ineffective electrode layer 203 and the first cathode layer 303 may be provided on the same layer, and the second ineffective electrode layer 204 and the second cathode layer 304 may be provided on the same layer.

[0120] In some examples, there is a dimensional difference between the first transparent blocking layer 61 and the first transparent conductive layer 51 along a direction parallel to the substrate. By carefully controlling the thickness H1 of the first transparent conductive layer 51, the thickness H2 of the first transparent blocking layer 61, and the dimensional difference between the projections of the first transparent blocking layer 61 and the first transparent conductive layer 51 (e.g., including the minimum distance L1 between the boundary of the first transparent conductive layer 51 close to the first pixel opening and the boundary of the first transparent blocking layer 61 close to the first pixel opening), the first ineffective functional layer 201 and the first functional layer 301 can be separated, the second ineffective functional layer 202 and the second functional layer 302 can be separated, the ineffective light-emitting layer 212 and the light-emitting layer 312 can be separated, the ineffective light-emitting layer 232 and the light-emitting layer 332 can be separated, the first ineffective electrode layer 203 and the first cathode layer 303 can be separated, and the second ineffective electrode layer 204 and the second cathode layer 304 can be separated.

[0121] In some examples, the first inorganic encapsulation layer 41 is provided with a plurality of first encapsulation openings in the first display area, and the orthographic projection of the first encapsulation openings on the substrate may be within the orthographic projection range of the pixel definition layer 35 on the substrate. The first encapsulation openings may expose a partial surface of the second ineffective functional layer 202, partial sides of the first ineffective electrode layer 203, and partial sides of the second ineffective electrode layer 204. The second inorganic encapsulation layer 42 may contact the second ineffective functional layer 202, the first ineffective electrode layer 203, and the second ineffective electrode layer 204 through the first encapsulation openings. By removing a part of the ineffective electrode layer in the spacer area between adjacent first light-emitting elements, it is beneficial to improve the light transmittance of the first display area.

[0122] The structure of the display substrate in this example will be described below by way of an example of the preparation process of the display substrate. The "patterning process" in the present invention, for metal materials, inorganic materials or transparent conductive materials, includes processes such as coating photoresist, mask exposure, development, etching, and photoresist stripping. For organic materials, it includes processes such as coating organic materials, mask exposure, and development. Deposition can be carried out by any one or more of sputtering, evaporation, and chemical vapor deposition. Coating can be carried out by any one or more of spraying, spin coating, and inkjet printing. Etching can be carried out by any one or more of dry etching and wet etching. The present invention does not make any limitations. A "thin film" refers to a thin film made of a certain material on a substrate by means of deposition, coating, or other processes.

[0123] In some examples, the preparation process of the display substrate may include the following steps.

[0124] (1) On the substrate in the first display area, a driving structure layer, an anode layer, and a pixel definition layer are sequentially formed.

[0125] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the display substrate after forming the pixel definition layer in at least one embodiment of the present invention. In some examples, as Figure 6 shown, on the substrate 10 in the first display area, a driving structure layer 11 is formed; subsequently, an anode thin film is deposited, and the anode thin film is patterned through a patterning process to form an anode layer. The anode layer in the first display area may include: anodes of a plurality of first light-emitting elements (for example, including the anode 311 of the first light-emitting element 31 and the anode 331 of the first light-emitting element 33); subsequently, a pixel definition thin film is coated, and the pixel definition thin film is patterned through a patterning process to form a pixel definition layer 35. The pixel definition layer 35 is provided with a plurality of first pixel openings in the first display area (for example, including the first pixel openings K11 and K12). The first pixel opening K11 may expose a partial surface of the anode 311 of the first light-emitting element 31, and the first pixel opening K12 may expose a partial surface of the anode 331 of the first light-emitting element 33.

[0126] In some examples, the substrate 10 may be a rigid substrate or a flexible substrate. For example, the rigid substrate may be, but is not limited to, one or more of glass and quartz; the flexible substrate may be, but is not limited to, one or more of polyethylene terephthalate, ethylene terephthalate, polyether ether ketone, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyarylate, polyarylate, polyimide, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, and textile fibers. The pixel definition layer 35 may be made of an organic material such as polyimide, acrylic, or polyethylene terephthalate. The anode layer may be made of a reflective material such as metal.

[0127] (2) On the substrate having the aforementioned structure, a first transparent conductive film and a first transparent light-blocking film are sequentially deposited, and the first transparent light-blocking film is patterned through a patterning process to form a first transparent light-blocking layer.

[0128] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display substrate after forming the first transparent light-blocking layer in at least one embodiment of the present invention. In some examples, as Figure 7 shown, the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 is located on the side of the first transparent conductive film 500 away from the substrate 10. The first transparent light-blocking layer 61 and the positive projection of the first pixel opening on the substrate may not overlap. The first transparent light-blocking layer 61 may have first light-blocking side surfaces 611 and 612 close to the first pixel opening. For example, the first light-blocking side surface 611 may surround the first pixel opening corresponding to the first light-emitting element 31, and the first light-blocking side surface 612 may surround the first pixel opening corresponding to the first light-emitting element 33.

[0129] In some examples, the material of the first transparent light-blocking film may include inorganic materials, such as any one or more of silicon oxide (SiOx, x>0), silicon nitride (SiNy, y>0), and silicon oxynitride (SiOxNy, x>0, y>0), and may be a single layer, a multi-layer, or a composite layer; or, the material of the first transparent light-blocking film may include organic materials, such as acrylic resin, acrylic resin, or epoxy resin, etc. The material of the first transparent conductive film may include transparent conductive materials, such as indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO), etc.

[0130] (3) On the substrate having the aforementioned structure, the first transparent conductive film 500 is etched using the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 as a mask to form a first transparent conductive layer 51.

[0131] Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display substrate after forming the first transparent conductive layer in at least one embodiment of the present invention. In some examples, as Figure 8As shown, the orthographic projection of the first transparent conductive layer 51 on the substrate 10 may be within the orthographic projection range of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 on the substrate 10. The orthographic projection of the first transparent conductive layer 51 on the substrate 10 and the orthographic projection of the first pixel opening (for example, including the first pixel openings K11 and K12) on the substrate 10 may have no overlap. The first transparent conductive layer 51 may have first conductive side surfaces 511 and 512 close to the first pixel opening. For example, the first conductive side surface 511 may surround the first pixel opening K11 corresponding to the first light-emitting element 31, and the first conductive side surface 512 may surround the first pixel opening K12 corresponding to the first light-emitting element 33. The orthographic projection of the first conductive top surface of the first transparent conductive layer 51 on the substrate may be within the orthographic projection range of the first conductive bottom surface on the substrate. The slope angles of the first conductive side surfaces 511 and 512 may be acute angles. The slope angle in this example refers to the angle between the side surface and the plane where the substrate is located.

[0132] In some examples, the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 may have a first protrusion 810a protruding from the first transparent conductive layer 51. The first protrusion 810a may be formed by connecting a first light-blocking side surface that does not contact the first transparent conductive layer 51 and a partial first light-blocking bottom surface. The first light-blocking side surface 611 of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 may protrude from the first conductive side surface 511 in a direction parallel to the substrate, and the first light-blocking side surface 612 of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 may protrude from the first conductive side surface 512 in a direction parallel to the substrate. The partial first light-blocking bottom surface connected to the first light-blocking side surface 611 protrudes from the first transparent conductive layer 51, and the partial first light-blocking bottom surface connected to the first light-blocking side surface 612 protrudes from the first transparent conductive layer 51.

[0133] (4) On the substrate forming the foregoing structure, a first functional thin film 101, a first light-emitting thin film 112, a second light-emitting thin film, a third light-emitting thin film 132, a second functional thin film 102, a first conductive thin film 103, and a second conductive thin film 104 are sequentially formed.

[0134] Figure 9 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display substrate after forming a light-emitting functional layer and a cathode layer in at least one embodiment of the present invention. In some examples, such as Figure 9As shown, the first functional thin film 101 located within the first pixel opening forms the first functional layer 301, the second functional thin film 102 located within the first pixel opening forms the second functional layer 302, the first light-emitting thin film 112 located within the first pixel opening forms the light-emitting layer 312 of the first light-emitting element 31 that emits the first color light, the third light-emitting thin film 132 located within the first pixel opening forms the light-emitting layer 332 of the first light-emitting element 33 that emits the third color light, and the second light-emitting thin film located within the first pixel opening forms the light-emitting layer of the first light-emitting element that emits the second color light (not shown in the figure). The first conductive thin film 103 located within the first pixel opening forms the first cathode layer 303, and the second conductive thin film 104 located within the first pixel opening forms the second cathode layer 304.

[0135] In some examples, due to the blocking effect of the first transparent blocking layer 61, the first functional thin film 101, the first light-emitting thin film 112, the third light-emitting thin film 132, the second functional thin film 102, the first conductive thin film 103, and the second conductive thin film 104 on the first transparent blocking layer 61 can be separated from the corresponding thin films within the first pixel opening. The first functional thin film 101, the first light-emitting thin film 112, the third light-emitting thin film 132, and the second functional thin film 102 do not completely cover the first conductive side surfaces (such as the first conductive side surfaces 511 and 512) of the first transparent conductive layer 51 during evaporation coating. When evaporating the first conductive thin film, it can be ensured that the first cathode layer 303 is in contact with the first conductive side surface 511 (or 512) of the first transparent conductive layer 51.

[0136] In some examples, the first functional thin film 101, the first light-emitting thin film 112, the second light-emitting thin film, the third light-emitting thin film 132, and the second functional thin film 102 can be formed sequentially through an evaporation coating process. Among them, the first light-emitting thin film 112, the second light-emitting thin film, and the third light-emitting thin film 132 can be prepared and formed by using a fine metal mask (FMM, Fine Metal Mask) or an open mask evaporation coating process, or by using an inkjet process. The first conductive thin film 103 can be prepared through an evaporation coating process, and the second conductive thin film 104 can be prepared through a sputtering process. In some examples, the material of the first conductive thin film 103 can include metal materials, such as materials including magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), etc. or a mixture of these materials. The material of the second conductive thin film 104 can include transparent conductive materials, such as including IZO, etc. In this example, different processes are used to prepare the first cathode layer and the second cathode layer, which can increase the contact ability between the cathode layer and the first transparent conductive layer 51. In some other examples, only the first conductive thin film can be evaporated to form the first cathode layer.

[0137] (5) On the substrate with the aforementioned structure formed, deposit a first inorganic encapsulation thin film, and pattern the first inorganic encapsulation thin film, the first conductive thin film 103 covering the first transparent light-blocking layer 61, and the second conductive thin film 104 through a patterning process to form a first inorganic encapsulation layer 41, a first ineffective conductive layer 203, and a second ineffective conductive layer 204.

[0138] Figure 10 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the display substrate after forming the first inorganic encapsulation layer in at least one embodiment of the present invention. In some examples, after depositing the first inorganic encapsulation thin film, the first inorganic encapsulation thin film is patterned through a patterning process. During the patterning process, a patterned photoresist layer 700 is formed on the side of the first inorganic encapsulation thin film away from the substrate 10, and the first inorganic encapsulation thin film, the first conductive thin film, and the second conductive thin film exposed by the patterned photoresist layer 700 are etched to form a first inorganic encapsulation layer 41, a first ineffective conductive layer 203, and a second ineffective conductive layer 204. Among them, the orthographic projection of the photoresist layer 700 on the substrate can cover the orthographic projection of the first pixel opening on the substrate. For example, the first inorganic encapsulation thin film exposed by the photoresist layer 700 is etched to form a first encapsulation opening F1 in the interval region between adjacent first light-emitting elements; the photoresist layer 700 is retained, and the first conductive thin film and the second conductive thin film exposed by the first encapsulation opening F1 are continuously etched; after the etching of the first conductive thin film and the second conductive thin film is completed, the photoresist layer 700 can be removed.

[0139] In some examples, the first functional thin film 101 that is not etched on the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 forms a first ineffective functional layer 201, the first light-emitting thin film 112 that is not etched on the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 forms an ineffective light-emitting layer 212, the third light-emitting thin film 132 that is not etched on the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 forms an ineffective light-emitting layer 232, and the second light-emitting thin film 102 that is not etched on the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 forms a second ineffective functional layer 202. The encapsulation opening of the first inorganic encapsulation layer 51 can expose a partial surface of the second ineffective functional layer 202 away from the substrate.

[0140] In this example, the conductive thin films (such as including the first conductive thin film and the second conductive thin film) in the interval region between adjacent first light-emitting elements can be etched by using the photoresist layer 700 in the patterning process of the first inorganic encapsulation layer, which can simplify the process. Compared with the FMM process, it can reduce the process margin and is beneficial to improving the light transmittance of the first display area.

[0141] (6) On the substrate formed with the foregoing structure, the photoresist layer 700 is removed, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer 42, an organic encapsulation layer 44, and a third inorganic encapsulation layer 43 are sequentially formed. In some examples, the materials of the second inorganic encapsulation layer 42 and the third inorganic encapsulation layer 43 may be the same, and the organic encapsulation layer 44 may be made of an organic material to play a planarizing role. The third inorganic encapsulation layer 43 may play a role in blocking water and oxygen.

[0142] In the display substrate provided in this embodiment, during the patterning process of the first inorganic encapsulation film, the first conductive film and the second conductive film are etched. Without using an FMM, precise patterning can be achieved, which is beneficial to improving the light transmittance of the first display area. The setting of the first transparent conductive layer not only helps to improve the light transmittance of the first display area, but also can ensure the voltage uniformity of the cathode layer in the first display area.

[0143] Figure 11 It is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. In some examples, as Figure 11 shown, a first transparent conductive layer 51 and a first transparent shielding layer 61 are sequentially arranged on the side of the pixel defining layer 35 away from the substrate 10 in the first display area. The orthographic projection of the first transparent conductive layer 51 on the substrate 10 may be located within the orthographic projection of the first transparent shielding layer 61 on the substrate 10, and the orthographic projection of the first transparent shielding layer 61 on the substrate 10 may be located within the orthographic projection of the pixel defining layer 35 on the substrate 10. The slope angle of the first conductive side surface of the first transparent conductive layer 51 may be a right angle. In other words, the extending direction of the first conductive side surface may be perpendicular to the plane where the substrate is located. The orthographic projection of the first conductive top surface of the first transparent conductive layer 51 on the substrate may coincide with the orthographic projection of the first conductive bottom surface on the substrate.

[0144] In this example, by utilizing the size difference between the first transparent shielding layer and the first transparent conductive layer along the direction parallel to the substrate, the cathode layer can be brought into contact with the first conductive side surface of the first transparent conductive layer, ensuring the contact ability between the cathode layer and the first transparent conductive layer. For the remaining descriptions of the display substrate in this embodiment, reference may be made to the descriptions of the foregoing embodiments, and thus will not be elaborated herein.

[0145] Figure 12 It is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. In some examples, as Figure 12As shown, a first transparent conductive layer 51 and a first transparent shielding layer 61 are sequentially disposed on a side of a pixel definition layer 35 of a first display region away from a substrate 10. A positive projection of the first transparent conductive layer 51 on the substrate 10 may be located within a positive projection of the first transparent shielding layer 61 on the substrate 10, and a positive projection of the first transparent shielding layer 61 on the substrate 10 may be located within a positive projection of the pixel definition layer 35 on the substrate 10. A slope angle of a first conductive side surface of the first transparent conductive layer 51 may be an obtuse angle. Among them, a positive projection of a first conductive bottom surface of the first transparent conductive layer 51 on the substrate may be located within a range of a positive projection of a first conductive top surface on the substrate.

[0146] In this example, by utilizing a dimensional difference between the first transparent shielding layer and the first transparent conductive layer along a direction parallel to the substrate, contact between a cathode layer and a first conductive side surface of the first transparent conductive layer can be achieved, ensuring the contact ability between the cathode layer and the first transparent conductive layer. For the remaining descriptions of the display substrate of this embodiment, reference may be made to the descriptions of the foregoing embodiments, and thus will not be elaborated herein.

[0147] Figure 13 This is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a first display region of a display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. In some examples, as Figure 13 shown, a second inorganic encapsulation layer 42 contacts a partial surface of the first transparent shielding layer 61 away from the substrate 10 through a first encapsulation opening of a first inorganic encapsulation layer 41. During the preparation process of the display substrate of this example, after the patterning process of the first inorganic encapsulation layer 41, a photoresist layer is retained, and the first conductive thin film, the second conductive thin film, the second functional thin film, the light-emitting thin film (for example, including a first light-emitting thin film, a second light-emitting thin film, and a third light-emitting thin film), and the first functional thin film exposed by the first inorganic encapsulation layer 41 are etched to expose a partial surface of the first transparent shielding layer 61 away from the substrate 10.

[0148] In this example, by etching the conductive thin film, the first functional thin film, the light-emitting thin film, and the second functional thin film in an interval region between the first light-emitting elements, the light transmittance of the first display region can be further improved. For the remaining structures of the display substrate of this example, reference may be made to the descriptions of the foregoing embodiments, and thus will not be elaborated herein.

[0149] Figure 14 This is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a first display region of a display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. In some examples, as Figure 14As shown, the second inorganic encapsulation layer 42 can be in contact with a partial surface of the first transparent conductive layer 51 away from the substrate and a side surface of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 away from the first pixel opening through the first encapsulation opening of the first inorganic encapsulation layer 41. During the preparation process of the display substrate in this example, after the patterning process of the first inorganic encapsulation layer 41, the photoresist layer is retained, and etching is continued on the first conductive thin film, the second conductive thin film, the second functional thin film, the light-emitting thin film, the first functional thin film, and the first transparent light-blocking layer exposed by the first inorganic encapsulation layer 41 to expose a partial surface of the first transparent conductive layer 51 away from the substrate 10. The first transparent light-blocking layer 61 can have a plurality of light-blocking openings in the first display area, and the orthographic projection of the light-blocking openings on the substrate can be within the orthographic projection range of the first transparent conductive layer 51 on the substrate and within the orthographic projection range of the pixel definition layer 35 on the substrate.

[0150] In some examples, the first light-blocking bottom surface of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 includes a first portion in contact with the first transparent conductive layer 51 and a second portion not in contact with the first transparent conductive layer 51. The area of the second portion can be less than or equal to the area of the first portion to ensure the stability of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 and prevent the first protrusion of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 from collapsing.

[0151] In this example, by etching the conductive thin film, the first functional thin film, the light-emitting thin film, the second functional thin film, and the first transparent light-blocking layer in the interval region between adjacent first light-emitting elements, the light transmittance of the first display area can be further improved. For the remaining structures of the display substrate in this example, reference can be made to the description of the foregoing embodiments, and thus will not be elaborated herein.

[0152] Figure 15 This is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. In some examples, as Figure 15 shown, the second inorganic encapsulation layer 42 can be in contact with a partial surface of the pixel definition layer 35 away from the substrate 10, a side surface of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 away from the first pixel opening, and a side surface of the first transparent conductive layer 51 away from the first pixel opening through the first encapsulation opening of the first inorganic encapsulation layer 41. During the preparation process of the display substrate in this example, after the patterning process of the first inorganic encapsulation layer 41, the photoresist layer is retained, and etching is continued on the first conductive thin film, the second conductive thin film, the second functional thin film, the light-emitting thin film, the first functional thin film, the first transparent light-blocking layer, and the first transparent conductive layer exposed by the first inorganic encapsulation layer to expose a partial surface of the pixel definition layer 35 away from the substrate 10.

[0153] In some examples, the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 may have a plurality of light-blocking openings in the first display area. The orthographic projection of the light-blocking openings on the substrate may be located within the orthographic projection of the first transparent conductive layer 51 on the substrate and within the orthographic projection of the pixel defining layer 35 on the substrate. The first transparent conductive layer 51 may have a plurality of conductive openings in the first display area. The orthographic projection of the conductive openings on the substrate may be located within the orthographic projection of the pixel defining layer 35 on the substrate. The orthographic projection of the light-blocking openings on the substrate may include the orthographic projection of the conductive openings on the substrate.

[0154] In this example, by etching the conductive thin film, the first functional thin film, the light-emitting thin film, the second functional thin film, the first transparent light-blocking layer, and the first transparent conductive layer in the spaced area between adjacent first light-emitting elements, the light transmittance of the first display area can be further improved. For the remaining structures of the display substrate in this example, reference may be made to the description of the foregoing embodiments, and thus will not be elaborated herein.

[0155] Figure 16 This is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. In some examples, as Figure 16 shown, the organic encapsulation layer 44 may contact a partial surface of the second ineffective functional layer 202 away from the substrate through the first encapsulation opening of the first inorganic encapsulation layer 41. In this example, the second inorganic encapsulation layer can be omitted, which can save process steps and further improve the light transmittance of the first display area. For the remaining structures of the display substrate in this example, reference may be made to the description of the foregoing embodiments, and thus will not be elaborated herein.

[0156] Figure 17 This is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. In some examples, as Figure 17 shown, the organic encapsulation layer 44 may contact a partial surface of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 away from the substrate 10 through the first encapsulation opening of the first inorganic encapsulation layer 41. In this example, the second inorganic encapsulation layer can be omitted, which can save process steps and further improve the light transmittance of the first display area. For the remaining structures of the display substrate in this example, reference may be made to the description of the foregoing embodiments, and thus will not be elaborated herein.

[0157] Figure 18 This is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. In some examples, as Figure 18As shown, the organic encapsulation layer 44 can contact a partial surface of the first transparent conductive layer 51 away from the substrate and a side surface of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 away from the first pixel opening through a first encapsulation opening of the first inorganic encapsulation layer 41. In this example, the second inorganic encapsulation layer can be omitted, which can save process steps and further improve the light transmittance of the first display area. For the remaining structure of the display substrate in this example, reference can be made to the description of the foregoing embodiments, and thus it will not be elaborated herein.

[0158] Figure 19 This is another partial cross-sectional view of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. In some examples, as Figure 19 As shown, the organic encapsulation layer 44 can contact a partial surface of the pixel definition layer 35 away from the substrate 10, a side surface of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 away from the first pixel opening, and a side surface of the first transparent conductive layer 51 away from the first pixel opening through a first encapsulation opening of the first inorganic encapsulation layer 41. In this example, the second inorganic encapsulation layer can be omitted, which can save process steps and further improve the light transmittance of the first display area. For the remaining structure of the display substrate in this example, reference can be made to the description of the foregoing embodiments, and thus it will not be elaborated herein.

[0159] Figure 20 This is another partial cross-sectional view of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. In some examples, as Figure 20 As shown, a first transparent conductive layer 51, a second transparent conductive layer 52, and a first transparent light-blocking layer 61 can be sequentially disposed on a side of the pixel definition layer 35 away from the substrate 10. The second transparent conductive layer 52 can be located between the first transparent conductive layer 51 and the first transparent light-blocking layer 61. The orthographic projection of the first transparent conductive layer 51 on the substrate and the orthographic projection of the second transparent conductive layer 52 on the substrate can at least partially overlap. For example, the orthographic projection of the first transparent conductive layer 51 on the substrate can include the orthographic projection of the second transparent conductive layer 52 on the substrate. The orthographic projection of the first transparent conductive layer 51 on the substrate can be located within the orthographic projection range of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 on the substrate. In other examples, the number of the second transparent conductive layers 52 can be multiple. By disposing the first transparent conductive layer 51 and the second transparent conductive layer 52 in this example, the overlapping effect between the second electrode and the transparent conductive layer can be enhanced.

[0160] In some examples, the second electrode of the first light-emitting element can be connected to the first transparent conductive layer 51 or the second transparent conductive layer 52 to increase the contact ability between the second electrode and the transparent conductive layer. For the remaining structure of the display substrate in this example, reference can be made to the description of the foregoing embodiments, and thus it will not be elaborated herein.

[0161] Figure 21FIG. 1 is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first display area of ​​the display substrate of at least one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 21 As shown, the side of the pixel definition layer 35 away from the substrate 10 may be sequentially provided with a first transparent conductive layer 51, a second transparent conductive layer 52 and a first transparent shielding layer 61. The second transparent conductive layer 52 may have a third conductive side surface (e.g., third conductive side surfaces 521 and 522) close to the first pixel opening. The first protrusion of the first transparent shielding layer 61 may protrude from the third conductive side surfaces 521 and 522 of the second transparent conductive layer 52 in a direction parallel to the substrate, and the first protrusion has no contact with the second transparent conductive layer 52. The orthographic projection of the second transparent conductive layer 52 on the substrate may be located within the orthographic projection range of the first transparent conductive layer 51 on the substrate. Figure 21 In the cross-sectional view shown, the cross-sections of the first transparent conductive layer 51 , the second transparent conductive layer 52 and the first transparent shielding layer 61 are substantially in the shape of an “I”.

[0162] The arrangement of the two transparent conductive layers and the first transparent shielding layer in this example can effectively isolate the light-emitting functional layer and the second electrode between adjacent first light-emitting elements, and can ensure the contact between the second electrode and the transparent conductive layer. The remaining structure of the display substrate of this example can refer to the description of the aforementioned embodiment, so it will not be repeated here.

[0163] Figure 22 FIG. 1 is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first display area of ​​the display substrate of at least one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 22 As shown, the first transparent conductive layer 51, the second transparent shielding layer 62 and the first transparent shielding layer 61 may be sequentially provided on the side of the pixel definition layer 35 away from the substrate 10. The second transparent shielding layer 62 may be located between the first transparent shielding layer 61 and the first transparent conductive layer 51. The orthographic projection of the second transparent shielding layer 62 on the substrate may at least partially overlap with the orthographic projection of the first transparent shielding layer 61 on the substrate. For example, the orthographic projection of the second transparent shielding layer 62 on the substrate may include the orthographic projection range of the first transparent shielding layer 61 on the substrate. The orthographic projection of the first transparent conductive layer 51 on the substrate may be located within the orthographic projection range of the second transparent shielding layer 62 on the substrate. In other examples, the number of the second transparent shielding layer 62 may be multiple.

[0164] In this example, by setting a second transparent shielding layer, it is beneficial to increase the size difference between the transparent shielding layer and the first transparent conductive layer in the direction parallel to the substrate, thereby effectively isolating the light-emitting functional layer between adjacent first light-emitting elements and ensuring the contact ability between the second electrode and the first transparent conductive layer. In addition, since part of the first inorganic encapsulation layer 41 is etched away (i.e., the first inorganic encapsulation layer 41 has a first encapsulation opening), water and oxygen can easily penetrate from the etched position of the first inorganic encapsulation layer 41. By adding a second transparent shielding layer, the light-emitting element can be effectively delayed from being corroded by water and oxygen. The remaining structure of the display substrate of this example can refer to the description of the aforementioned embodiment, so it will not be repeated here.

[0165] Figure 23 FIG. 1 is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first display area of ​​the display substrate of at least one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 23 As shown, the side of the pixel definition layer 35 away from the substrate 10 may be provided with a first transparent conductive layer 51, a second transparent shielding layer 62 and a first transparent shielding layer 61 in sequence. The second transparent shielding layer 62 may be located between the first transparent shielding layer 61 and the first transparent conductive layer 51. The orthographic projection of the second transparent shielding layer 62 on the substrate may be located within the orthographic projection range of the first transparent conductive layer 51 on the substrate, and the orthographic projection of the first transparent conductive layer 51 on the substrate is located within the orthographic projection range of the first transparent shielding layer 61 on the substrate. Figure 23 In the cross-sectional view shown, the cross-sections of the first transparent conductive layer 51 , the second transparent shielding layer 62 and the first transparent shielding layer 61 are substantially in the shape of an “I”.

[0166] The arrangement of the two transparent shielding layers and the first transparent conductive layer in this example can effectively isolate the light-emitting functional layer and the second electrode between adjacent first light-emitting elements, and can ensure the contact between the second electrode and the transparent conductive layer. The remaining structure of the display substrate of this example can refer to the description of the aforementioned embodiment, so it will not be repeated here.

[0167] Figure 24 FIG. 1 is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first display area of ​​the display substrate of at least one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 24As shown, on the side of the pixel definition layer 35 away from the substrate 10, a pixel definition protection layer 36, a first transparent conductive layer 51, a second transparent light-blocking layer 62, and a first transparent light-blocking layer 61 can be sequentially provided. The pixel definition protection layer 36 can be located between the pixel definition layer 35 and the first transparent conductive layer 51. The pixel definition protection layer 36 can cover the surface and the side surface of the pixel definition layer 35 away from the substrate. The orthographic projection of the pixel definition protection layer 36 on the substrate can include the orthographic projection of the pixel definition layer 35 on the substrate. In some examples, the material of the pixel definition protection layer 36 can include inorganic materials. In this example, by providing the pixel definition protection layer, loss of the pixel definition layer during the etching process of the first transparent conductive layer and the first transparent light-blocking layer can be prevented. For the rest of the structure of the display substrate in this example, reference can be made to the description of the foregoing embodiments, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0168] Figure 25 This is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. In some examples, as Figure 25 shown, on the side of the pixel definition layer 35 away from the substrate 10, a first transparent conductive layer 51, a second transparent light-blocking layer 62, a third transparent conductive layer 53, and a first transparent light-blocking layer 61 can be sequentially provided. The third transparent conductive layer 53 is located between the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 and the second transparent light-blocking layer 62. The third transparent conductive layer 53 can cover the surface and the side surface of the second transparent light-blocking layer 62 away from the substrate 10, and the third transparent conductive layer 53 is in contact with a partial surface of the first transparent conductive layer 51 away from the substrate. The orthographic projection of the second transparent light-blocking layer 62 on the substrate is within the orthographic projection range of the third transparent conductive layer 53 on the substrate, the orthographic projection of the third transparent conductive layer 53 on the substrate is within the orthographic projection range of the first transparent conductive layer 51 on the substrate, and the orthographic projection of the first transparent conductive layer 51 on the substrate is within the orthographic projection range of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 on the substrate.

[0169] In this example, by providing the third transparent conductive layer between the two transparent light-blocking layers, and the third transparent conductive layer is in contact with the first transparent conductive layer, it is beneficial to enhance the contact ability between the second electrode of the first light-emitting element and the first transparent conductive layer, and it is also beneficial to reduce the voltage drop of the first transparent conductive layer. For the rest of the structure of the display substrate in this example, reference can be made to the description of the foregoing embodiments, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0170] Figure 26 This is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. In some examples, as Figure 26As shown, a first transparent conductive layer 51, a second transparent light-blocking layer 62, and a first transparent light-blocking layer 61 may be sequentially disposed on a side of the pixel definition layer 35 away from the substrate 10. A positive projection of the pixel definition layer 35 on the substrate 10 is within a positive projection range of the first transparent conductive layer 51 on the substrate 10. A first conductive side surface of the first transparent conductive layer 51 close to the first pixel opening may protrude from the pixel definition layer 35 in a direction parallel to the substrate. The structure of this example can reduce the adhesion effect when depositing materials of the light-emitting functional layer of the light-emitting element, and can make it easier for the cathode to be lapped with the first transparent conductive layer 51 from above. For the rest of the structure of the display substrate of this example, reference may be made to the description of the foregoing embodiments, and thus will not be elaborated herein.

[0171] Figure 27 This is another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first display area of the display substrate according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. In some examples, as Figure 27 shown, a first transparent conductive layer 51 and a first transparent light-blocking layer 61 may be sequentially disposed on a side of the pixel definition layer 35 away from the substrate 10. Positive projections of the first transparent conductive layer 51 and the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 on the substrate 10 may partially overlap.

[0172] In some examples, the first transparent conductive layer 51 is provided with a plurality of first recesses K21. Positive projections of the first recesses K21 on the substrate 10 may be within a positive projection range of the pixel definition layer 35 on the substrate 10. The first transparent conductive layer 51 has a second conductive side surface 515 surrounding the first recess K21, and the second conductive side surface 515 contacts a second electrode (such as the first cathode layer 303) of the first light-emitting element. The first transparent light-blocking layer 61 may be provided with a plurality of light-blocking openings. The light-blocking openings communicate with the first recesses K21, and positive projections of the light-blocking openings on the substrate 10 may be within a positive projection range of the first recesses K21 on the substrate 10. The first transparent light-blocking layer 61 has a second protrusion 810b protruding from the second conductive side surface 515 of the first transparent conductive layer 61 in a direction parallel to the substrate 10, and the second protrusion 810b is not in contact with the first transparent conductive layer 51.

[0173] In some examples, the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 may cover a first conductive side surface of the first transparent conductive layer 51 close to the first pixel opening and a side surface of the pixel definition layer 35. The first cathode layer 303 may cover a surface of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 away from the substrate, may also cover a side surface of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 facing the light-blocking opening, and extend into the first recess K21 of the first transparent conductive layer 51 to contact the second conductive side surface 515 of the first transparent conductive layer 51.

[0174] In this example, by providing a first transparent light-blocking layer with a second protrusion, the light-emitting functional layers of adjacent first light-emitting elements can be blocked, and it can be ensured that the second electrode of the first light-emitting element is in contact with the first transparent conductive layer, which can ensure the electrical connection of the second electrodes of multiple first light-emitting elements in the first display area, and is also beneficial to improving the light transmittance of the first display area. For the rest of the structure of the display substrate in this example, reference can be made to the description of the foregoing embodiments, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0175] Figure 28 This is another partial top view schematic diagram of the first display area of at least one embodiment of the present invention. In some examples, as Figure 28 shown, a first transparent conductive layer 51 and a first transparent light-blocking layer 61 can be sequentially provided on the side of the pixel definition layer 35 away from the substrate in the first display area. The orthographic projection of the first transparent conductive layer 51 on the substrate can be located within the orthographic projection range of the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 on the substrate. The first transparent conductive layer 51 can include an annular structure surrounding the light-emitting area of the first light-emitting element, and the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 can include an annular structure surrounding the light-emitting area of the first light-emitting element. The side structures of the first transparent conductive layer 51 and the first transparent light-blocking layer 61 close to the light-emitting area of the first light-emitting element can be referred to the description of the foregoing embodiments, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0176] Figure 29 This is another partial top view schematic diagram of the second display area of at least one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 30 For Figure 29 a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram along the PP' direction in Figure 29 shown, in some examples, in the second display area, multiple second light-emitting elements and multiple second pixel circuits can be provided. At least one second pixel circuit can be connected to at least one second light-emitting element. The multiple second light-emitting elements in the second display area can include: a second light-emitting element 71 that emits first-color light, a second light-emitting element 72 that emits second-color light, and second light-emitting elements 73 and 74 that emit third-color light. For example, the first-color light can be red light, the second-color light can be blue light, and the third-color light can be green light. The arrangement manner of the multiple second light-emitting elements in the second display area is similar to that of the multiple first light-emitting elements in the first display area, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0177] In some examples, as Figure 29 and Figure 30As shown, the second light-emitting element 71 may include: an anode 711, a light-emitting functional layer 7001 (for example, including a first functional layer 301, a light-emitting layer 712, and a second functional layer 302 arranged in a stacked manner), and a cathode layer (for example, including a first cathode layer 303 and a second cathode layer 304) arranged in a stacked manner; the second light-emitting element 72 may include: an anode 721, a light-emitting functional layer 7002 (for example, including a first functional layer 301, a light-emitting layer 722, and a second functional layer 302 arranged in a stacked manner), and a cathode layer (for example, including a first cathode layer 303 and a second cathode layer 304) arranged in a stacked manner. Among them, the light-emitting layer 712 may be a red light-emitting layer, and the light-emitting layer 722 may be a blue light-emitting layer.

[0178] In some examples, as Figure 29 and Figure 30 shown, in the direction perpendicular to the display substrate, the display substrate of the second display area may include: a substrate 10, a driving structure layer 11 provided on the substrate 10, a light-emitting structure layer, and a packaging structure layer. The light-emitting structure layer of the second display area may include: an anode layer, a pixel definition layer 35, a light-emitting functional layer, and a cathode layer sequentially provided on the driving structure layer 11.

[0179] In some examples, the second display area further includes a plurality of first spacer pillars 75 provided on the side of the pixel definition layer 35 away from the substrate 10. The plurality of first spacer pillars 75 are provided in a plurality of second light-emitting elements. For example, the plurality of first spacer pillars 75 may be arranged corresponding to a plurality of pixel units in the second display area according to a certain ratio or density. A single pixel unit in the second display area may include: a second light-emitting element that emits a first color light, a second light-emitting element that emits a second color light, and two second light-emitting elements that emit a third color light; or, a single pixel unit in the second display area may include: a second light-emitting element that emits a first color light, a second light-emitting element that emits a second color light, and a second light-emitting element that emits a third color light. In some examples, one pixel unit in the second display area may be provided with one first spacer pillar, or four pixel units may be provided with one first spacer pillar. For example, one first spacer pillar 75 may be located in the area surrounded by a second light-emitting element 71 that emits a first color light, a second light-emitting element 72 that emits a second color light, and two adjacent second light-emitting elements 73 and 74 that emit a third color light. For example, some areas in the second display area may be provided with the first spacer pillars 75. In other examples, the plurality of first spacer pillars 75 and the plurality of second light-emitting elements may be arranged at intervals.

[0180] In some examples, the first spacer column 75 may include: a first column layer 751 and a second column layer 752. The second column layer 752 is located on a side of the first column layer 751 away from the pixel definition layer 35. The orthographic projection of the first column layer 751 and the second column layer 752 on the substrate 10 may be substantially circular, elliptical, or may be square, rectangular or other polygons, etc. For example, the orthographic projection of the second column layer 752 on the substrate may cover the orthographic projection of the first column layer 751 on the substrate. The first column layer 751 may have the same layer structure as the first transparent conductive layer in the first display area, and the second column layer 752 may have the same layer structure as the first transparent shielding layer in the first display area.

[0181] In some examples, the encapsulation structure layer may include: a first inorganic encapsulation layer 41, a second inorganic encapsulation layer 42, an organic encapsulation layer 44, and a third inorganic encapsulation layer 43 that are sequentially stacked. The orthographic projection of the first inorganic encapsulation layer 41 on the substrate may cover the orthographic projection of the first spacer column 75 on the substrate. For example, the first inorganic encapsulation layer 41 in the second display area may not be patterned, and the first inorganic encapsulation layer may cover the entire second display area.

[0182] For the description of the remaining structures of the second display area, reference may be made to the description of the structures of the first display area in the foregoing embodiments, and thus will not be elaborated herein.

[0183] Figure 31 For Figure 29 Another partial cross-sectional schematic diagram along the PP' direction in. In some examples, as Figure 31 shown, the first inorganic encapsulation layer 41 in the second display area is patterned. The first inorganic encapsulation layer 41 is provided with at least one second encapsulation opening F2 in the second display area. The second encapsulation opening F2 may expose the surface of the first spacer column 75 away from the substrate 10. The orthographic projection of the second encapsulation opening F2 on the substrate 10 may be within the orthographic projection range of the pixel definition layer 35 on the substrate 10. For example, the orthographic projection of the second encapsulation opening F2 on the substrate 10 may be within the orthographic projection range of the first spacer column 75 on the substrate 10. The second inorganic encapsulation layer 42 may contact a partial surface of the second column layer 752 of the first partition column 75 away from the substrate 10 through the second encapsulation opening F2. For the remaining structures of the second display area in this example, reference may be made to the description of the foregoing embodiments, and thus will not be elaborated herein.

[0184] Figure 32 Another partial top view schematic diagram of the second display area according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 33 For Figure 32 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram along the SS' direction in. Figure 34 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first display area according to at least one embodiment of the present invention.

[0185] In some examples, asFigures 32 to 34 As shown, a plurality of second spacer pillars 76 may be provided on the side of the pixel defining layer 35 of the display substrate away from the substrate 10. In the second display area, the plurality of second spacer pillars 76 may be arranged between the plurality of second light-emitting elements and located on the pixel defining layer 35; in the first display area, the plurality of second spacer pillars 76 may be arranged between the plurality of first light-emitting elements and located on the side of the first transparent shielding layer 61 away from the substrate 10.

[0186] In some examples, the orthographic projection of the second spacer pillar 76 in the second display area on the substrate 10 may be within the orthographic projection range of the pixel defining layer 35 on the substrate 10. The film layer where the second spacer pillar 76 is located may be different from the first transparent conductive layer 51 and the first transparent shielding layer 61. For example, the second spacer pillar 76 may be fabricated after the formation of the first transparent conductive layer 51 and the first transparent shielding layer 61, and the first transparent conductive layer 51 and the first transparent shielding layer 61 may be only located in the first display area.

[0187] In some examples, the first transparent conductive layer 51, the first transparent shielding layer 61, and the second spacer pillar 76 may be sequentially provided on the side of the pixel defining layer 35 in the first display area away from the substrate 10. The orthographic projection of the second spacer pillar 76 on the substrate 10 may be within the orthographic projection range of the first transparent shielding layer 61 on the substrate 10. For example, the material of the plurality of second spacer pillars 76 may be an organic insulating material.

[0188] For the remaining structure of the display substrate in this example, reference may be made to the description of the foregoing embodiments, and thus it will not be elaborated herein.

[0189] In other examples, except for the driving structure layer, the film layer structures in the first display area and the second display area may be substantially the same. For example, the first transparent conductive layer and the first transparent shielding layer may be provided in the second display area, and the shapes of the first transparent conductive layer and the first transparent shielding layer in the second display area may be similar to those of the first transparent conductive layer and the first transparent shielding layer in the first display area.

[0190] The film layer structures in the first display area and the second display area in the foregoing embodiments may be combined with each other. The combination manner of the above embodiments is not limited in this embodiment.

[0191] This embodiment also provides a method for manufacturing a display substrate, including: sequentially forming a first electrode of a plurality of first light-emitting elements, a pixel definition layer, a first transparent conductive layer, and a first transparent light-blocking layer on a substrate; sequentially depositing a light-emitting functional thin film and a conductive thin film to form a light-emitting functional layer and a second electrode of the first light-emitting element within the first pixel opening; depositing a first inorganic encapsulation thin film, and patterning the first inorganic encapsulation thin film and the conductive thin film located on the first transparent light-blocking layer through the same patterning process to form a first inorganic encapsulation layer and an ineffective conductive layer. Among them, the first electrodes of the plurality of first light-emitting elements are located in a first display area, the pixel definition layer is located on a side of the first electrodes of the plurality of first light-emitting elements away from the substrate, and the pixel definition layer is provided with a plurality of first pixel openings exposing the first electrodes of the plurality of first light-emitting elements in the first display area; the first transparent conductive layer is located on a side of the pixel definition layer away from the substrate, the first transparent light-blocking layer is located on a side of the first transparent conductive layer away from the substrate, and a positive projection of the first transparent conductive layer on the substrate is within a positive projection range of the first transparent light-blocking layer on the substrate. The light-emitting functional layers of adjacent first light-emitting elements are separated by the first transparent light-blocking layer; the second electrodes of adjacent first light-emitting elements are separated by the first transparent light-blocking layer and are in contact with the first transparent conductive layer.

[0192] In the manufacturing method provided in this embodiment, the first inorganic encapsulation layer and the ineffective conductive layer are formed through the same patterning process, which can simplify the manufacturing process, eliminate the need for using an FMM to etch the conductive thin film, and can achieve precise patterning, which is beneficial to improving the light transmittance of the first display area.

[0193] In some exemplary embodiments, the manufacturing method may further include at least one of the following: retaining the photoresist layer used in the patterning process of the first inorganic encapsulation thin film and etching the light-emitting functional thin film located on the first transparent light-blocking layer; retaining the photoresist layer used in the patterning process of the first inorganic encapsulation thin film and etching the first transparent light-blocking layer; retaining the photoresist layer used in the patterning process of the first inorganic encapsulation thin film and etching the first transparent conductive layer. This example utilizes the photoresist layer in the preparation process of the first inorganic encapsulation layer to further etch at least one of the light-emitting functional thin film, the first transparent light-blocking layer, and the first transparent conductive layer, which can further improve the light transmittance of the first display area.

[0194] For the manufacturing method of this embodiment, reference may be made to the description of the foregoing embodiments, and thus it will not be elaborated herein.

[0195] Figure 35 It is a schematic diagram of a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 35As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a display device, including: a display substrate 91 and a sensor 92 located on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting structure layer away from the display substrate 91. The sensor 92 can be located on the non-display surface side of the display substrate 91. The orthographic projection of the sensor 92 on the display substrate 91 and the first display area A1 can at least partially overlap. For example, the orthographic projection of the sensor 92 on the display substrate 91 can be located within the range of the first display area A1. In some examples, the sensor 92 can include a camera or an infrared sensor.

[0196] In some examples, the display substrate 91 can be a flexible OLED display substrate, a QLED display substrate, a Micro-LED display substrate, or a Mini-LED display substrate. The display device can be a product with an image (including static images or dynamic images, where the dynamic image can be a video) display function. For example, the display device can be any one of the following products: a monitor, a television, a billboard, a digital photo frame, a laser printer with a display function, a telephone, a mobile phone, a painting screen, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a digital camera, a portable video camera, a viewfinder, a navigator, a vehicle, a large-area wall, an information query device (such as a business query device in departments such as e-government, banks, hospitals, and power), a monitor, etc. Another example is that the display device can also be a microdisplay, any one of the products such as a VR device or an AR device including the microdisplay.

[0197] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0198] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A display substrate, characterized in that: include: A substrate including a first display area; A plurality of first light-emitting elements are located in the first display area, wherein the first light-emitting elements include: a first electrode, a light-emitting functional layer and a second electrode which are stacked, and the first electrode is located on a side of the second electrode close to the substrate; a pixel definition layer, located at a side of the first electrodes of the plurality of first light-emitting elements away from the substrate, the pixel definition layer being provided with a plurality of first pixel openings in the first display area, the light-emitting function layer and the second electrode of the first light-emitting element being provided in the first pixel openings, and the light-emitting function layer being in contact with the first electrode through the first pixel openings; A first transparent conductive layer, located on a side of the pixel definition layer away from the substrate; A first transparent shielding layer is located on a side of the first transparent conductive layer away from the substrate; an orthographic projection of the first transparent conductive layer on the substrate at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of the first transparent shielding layer on the substrate; The first transparent conductive layer has a first conductive side surface close to the first pixel opening, and the second electrode arranged at the first pixel opening is in contact with the first conductive side surface of the first transparent conductive layer; the first transparent shielding layer has a first protrusion protruding from the first conductive side surface of the first transparent conductive layer in a direction parallel to the substrate, and the first protrusion is not in contact with the first transparent conductive layer; Alternatively, the first transparent conductive layer is provided with at least one first recessed portion, the orthographic projection of the first recessed portion on the substrate is located within the orthographic projection range of the pixel definition layer on the substrate, the first transparent conductive layer has a second conductive side surrounding the first recessed portion, and the second conductive side is in contact with the second electrode of the first light-emitting element; the first transparent shielding layer is provided with at least one shielding opening, the shielding opening is connected to the first recessed portion, the orthographic projection of the shielding opening on the substrate is located within the orthographic projection range of the first recessed portion on the substrate, the first transparent shielding layer has a second protrusion protruding from the second conductive side of the first transparent conductive layer in a direction parallel to the substrate, and the second protrusion has no contact with the first transparent conductive layer.

2. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display substrate further comprises: An ineffective light-emitting functional layer is located on a side of the first transparent shielding layer away from the substrate; An ineffective electrode layer, located on a side of the ineffective light-emitting functional layer away from the substrate; A first inorganic encapsulation layer is located on a side of the second electrode and the ineffective electrode layer away from the substrate, the first inorganic encapsulation layer is provided with at least one first encapsulation opening in the first display area, and the orthographic projection of the first encapsulation opening on the substrate is located within the orthographic projection range of the pixel definition layer on the substrate; A second inorganic packaging layer is located on a side of the first inorganic packaging layer away from the substrate, and the second inorganic packaging layer contacts the invalid light-emitting functional layer through the first packaging opening, or contacts the first transparent shielding layer through the first packaging opening, or contacts the first transparent conductive layer through the first packaging opening, or contacts the pixel definition layer through the first packaging opening.

3. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display substrate further comprises: An ineffective light-emitting functional layer is located on a side of the first transparent shielding layer away from the substrate; An ineffective electrode layer, located on a side of the ineffective light-emitting functional layer away from the substrate; A first inorganic encapsulation layer is located on a side of the second electrode and the ineffective electrode layer away from the substrate, the first inorganic encapsulation layer is provided with at least one first encapsulation opening in the first display area, and the orthographic projection of the first encapsulation opening on the substrate is located within the orthographic projection range of the pixel definition layer on the substrate; An organic encapsulation layer is located on a side of the first inorganic encapsulation layer away from the substrate, and the organic encapsulation layer contacts the ineffective light-emitting functional layer through the first encapsulation opening, or contacts the first transparent shielding layer through the first encapsulation opening, or contacts the first transparent conductive layer through the first encapsulation opening, or contacts the pixel definition layer through the first encapsulation opening.

4. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display substrate further includes: at least one second transparent conductive layer, the second transparent conductive layer is located between the first transparent conductive layer and the first transparent shielding layer; the orthographic projection of the first transparent conductive layer on the substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second transparent conductive layer on the substrate.

5. The display substrate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second transparent conductive layer has a third conductive side surface close to the first pixel opening; the first protrusion of the first transparent shielding layer protrudes from the third conductive side surface of the second transparent conductive layer in a direction parallel to the substrate, and the first protrusion has no contact with the second transparent conductive layer.

6. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display substrate further includes: at least one second transparent shielding layer, which is located on a side of the first transparent shielding layer close to the substrate, and whose orthographic projection on the substrate at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the first transparent shielding layer on the substrate.

7. The display substrate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The orthographic projection of the second transparent shielding layer on the substrate is located within the orthographic projection range of the first transparent conductive layer on the substrate, and the orthographic projection of the first transparent conductive layer on the substrate is located within the orthographic projection range of the first transparent shielding layer on the substrate.

8. The display substrate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The display substrate also includes: a third transparent conductive layer, located between the first transparent shielding layer and the second transparent shielding layer; the third transparent conductive layer covers the surface and side of the second transparent shielding layer away from the substrate, and the third transparent conductive layer contacts a portion of the surface of the first transparent conductive layer away from the substrate.

9. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display substrate further includes: a pixel definition protection layer, wherein the pixel definition protection layer is located between the pixel definition layer and the first transparent conductive layer; the pixel definition protection layer covers the surface and side surfaces of the pixel definition layer away from the substrate.

10. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The orthographic projection of the pixel definition layer on the substrate is located within the orthographic projection range of the first transparent conductive layer on the substrate.

11. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the first transparent conductive layer ranges from 0.2 micrometers to 5 micrometers, and the thickness of the first transparent shielding layer ranges from 0.03 micrometers to 3 micrometers.

12. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minimum distance between the boundary of the first transparent conductive layer close to the first pixel opening and the boundary of the first transparent shielding layer close to the first pixel opening is 0.3 micrometers to 5 micrometers; A minimum distance between a boundary of the first transparent conductive layer close to the first pixel opening and a boundary of the pixel definition layer is 0.2 micrometers to 10 micrometers.

13. The display substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The substrate further includes: a second display area; the second display area is located at least on one side of the first display area, and the light transmittance of the second display area is smaller than the light transmittance of the first display area.

14. The display substrate according to claim 13, characterized in that: The display substrate further comprises: A plurality of first spacer columns, located in the second display area; A plurality of second light emitting elements, located in the second display area; The plurality of first spacer columns are arranged in the plurality of second light-emitting elements, and a first spacer column among the plurality of first spacer columns includes: a first column layer and a second column layer, the first column layer and the first transparent conductive layer are in the same layer structure, and the second column layer and the first transparent shielding layer are in the same layer structure.

15. The display substrate according to claim 14, characterized in that: The display substrate further comprises: A first inorganic encapsulation layer is located on a side of the second electrode away from the substrate; The first inorganic encapsulation layer covers the orthographic projections of the plurality of first spacer columns on the substrate in the second display area; or, the first inorganic encapsulation layer is provided with at least one second encapsulation opening in the second display area, and the orthographic projection of the second encapsulation opening on the substrate is located within the orthographic projection range of the pixel definition layer on the substrate.

16. The display substrate according to claim 15, characterized in that: The display substrate further comprises: a second inorganic encapsulation layer, located on a side of the first inorganic encapsulation layer away from the substrate; The second inorganic encapsulation layer contacts the first spacer column through the second encapsulation opening.

17. The display substrate according to claim 14, characterized in that: The display substrate further comprises: A plurality of second spacer columns, located in the first display area and the second display area; The plurality of second spacer columns in the first display area are located on a side of the first transparent shielding layer away from the substrate, and the plurality of second spacer columns in the second display area are in contact with the pixel definition layer.

18. A display device, characterized in that: The device comprises a display substrate as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 17, and a sensor located on a non-display surface side of the display substrate, wherein an orthographic projection of the sensor on the display substrate at least partially overlaps with a first display area of ​​the display substrate.

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