Shredding device and combine harvester

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to a chopping device and a combine harvester. The chopping device comprises a straw discharging device, a chopper and a transmission assembly, the straw discharging device is used for conveying straw to the chopper, and the chopper is used for chopping the straw; the transmission assembly comprises a grass discharging shaft, a grass discharging wheel, a cutting shaft, a cutting wheel and a belt; the grass discharging wheel and the grass discharging shaft are coaxially arranged, the cutting wheel and the cutting shaft are coaxially arranged, and the two ends of the belt are arranged on the grass discharging wheel and the cutting wheel in a sleeving mode respectively; the grass discharging shaft is in transmission connection with the grass discharging device, and the cutting shaft is in transmission connection with the chopper. The chopping device provided by the utility model is simple in structure and transmission structure, can effectively avoid blockage in the straw discharging process, improves the straw chopping efficiency, is smooth in straw discharging, has small influence on the belt, and can prolong the service life of the belt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to a chopping device and a combine harvester. Background Art

[0002] A combine harvester is a harvesting machine that can complete the processes of harvesting cereal crops, threshing, separating stalks, and removing impurities at one time, and directly obtain grains from the field.

[0003] The current combine harvester can realize that after harvesting, the straw is chopped and scattered in the field to achieve straw returning to the field. The structure of the chopping device directly affects the smoothness of straw discharge. The complex structure of the chopping device easily causes straw discharge blockage, thereby affecting the service life of the drive belt. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a chopping device and a combine harvester to solve to a certain extent the technical problem that the complex structure of the chopping device easily causes straw discharge blockage, thereby affecting the service life of the drive belt.

[0005] The utility model provides a chopping device, including: a straw discharge device, a chopping device, and a transmission assembly. The straw discharge device is used to convey straw to the chopping device, and the chopping device is used to chop the straw; the transmission assembly includes a straw discharge shaft, a straw discharge wheel, a cutting shaft, a cutting wheel, and a belt; the straw discharge wheel is coaxially arranged with the straw discharge shaft, the cutting wheel is coaxially arranged with the cutting shaft, and both ends of the belt are respectively sleeved on the straw discharge wheel and the cutting wheel; the straw discharge shaft is in transmission connection with the straw discharge device, and the cutting shaft is in transmission connection with the chopping device.

[0006] During the process of harvesting crops by the combine harvester, the straw is conveyed from the upstream to the straw discharge device, the straw discharge device conveys the straw to the chopping device, the chopping device chops the straw, and the chopped straw is scattered into the field, thereby realizing straw returning to the field. The power output shaft of the engine of the combine harvester transmits power to the straw discharge wheel through the power transmission system. The straw discharge wheel transmits power to the straw discharge device through the straw discharge shaft, and at the same time transmits power to the cutting shaft through the belt and the cutting wheel, and the cutting shaft transmits the power to the chopping device. The straw discharge device is arranged in a single row, that is, the straw discharge wheel is arranged in a single row, and the transmission from the straw discharge wheel to the cutting wheel is a one-stage transmission, with a simple transmission structure and high efficiency. The chopping device provided by the utility model has a simple structure and a simple transmission structure, can effectively avoid blockage during straw discharge, improve the straw chopping efficiency, has smooth straw discharge, has little impact on the belt, and can extend the service life of the belt.

[0007] Furthermore, the straw discharge device includes a straw discharge roller, and the straw discharge roller is coaxially arranged with the straw discharge shaft; the chopping device includes a cutting roller, and the cutting roller is coaxially arranged with the cutting shaft.

[0008] Further, in the horizontal direction, the shredder is located behind the straw discharger; in the vertical direction, the shredder is located below the straw discharger.

[0009] Further, the shredding device further includes a tension pulley, and the tension pulley abuts against the belt.

[0010] Further, the tension pulley is arranged close to the shredder.

[0011] The utility model provides a combine harvester, which includes a fuselage and the above-mentioned shredding device, and both the straw discharger and the shredder are arranged on the fuselage.

[0012] Further, the fuselage includes a sieve box, and the sieve box includes a chaff outlet arranged at the rear of the fuselage; the shredder is located behind and away from the chaff outlet.

[0013] Further, the combine harvester includes an engine, and an output shaft of the engine is in transmission connection with the straw discharge shaft; the combine harvester further includes a cutting table, and the cutting table includes a reel and a motor, and the motor is in transmission connection with the reel to drive the reel to rotate; the cutting table adopts a profiling cutting table.

[0014] Further, a cross-bridge belt is arranged on the cross-bridge, and the combine harvester further includes a reverse driving member, and the reverse driving member is in transmission connection with the cross-bridge belt to drive the cross-bridge belt to reverse.

[0015] Further, the combine harvester further includes a traveling device, and the traveling device adopts a hydraulic four-wheel drive structure.

[0016] It should be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are for the purpose of illustration and example only and are not necessarily restrictive of the present disclosure. The accompanying drawings incorporated in and constituting a part of this specification illustrate the subject matter of the present disclosure. At the same time, the specification and the drawings are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0018] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the shredding device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 is Figure 1Schematic diagram of the transmission component in the shown chopping device.

[0020] Icon:

[0021] 1 - Straw discharging device; 2 - Chopper; 3 - Straw discharging wheel; 4 - Straw discharging shaft; 5 - Cutting wheel; 6 - Cutting shaft; 7 - Belt; 8 - Tensioning wheel; 9 - Husk outlet. Detailed implementation manners

[0022] Next, the technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all embodiments.

[0023] Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present utility model provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present utility model, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present utility model.

[0024] Based on the embodiments in the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0025] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific situations.

[0027] In addition, terms such as "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", etc. do not require the components to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.

[0028] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the present utility model provides a shredding device, including: a straw discharging device 1, a shredder 2 and a transmission assembly. The straw discharging device 1 is used to convey straw to the shredder 2, and the shredder 2 is used to shred the straw; the transmission assembly includes a straw discharging shaft 4, a straw discharging wheel 3, a cutting shaft 6, a cutting wheel 5 and a belt 7; the straw discharging wheel 3 is coaxially arranged with the straw discharging shaft 4, the cutting wheel 5 is coaxially arranged with the cutting shaft 6, and both ends of the belt 7 are respectively sleeved on the straw discharging wheel 3 and the cutting wheel 5; the straw discharging shaft 4 is in transmission connection with the straw discharging device 1, and the cutting shaft 6 is in transmission connection with the shredder 2.

[0029] In this embodiment, during the process of the combine harvester harvesting crops, the straw is conveyed from upstream to the straw discharging device 1, the straw discharging device 1 conveys the straw to the shredder 2, the shredder 2 shreds the straw, and the shredded straw is scattered into the field, thereby realizing straw returning to the field. The power output shaft of the engine of the combine harvester transmits power to the straw discharging wheel 3 through the transmission system, the straw discharging wheel 3 transmits power to the straw discharging device 1 through the straw discharging shaft 4, and at the same time transmits power to the cutting shaft 6 through the belt 7 and the cutting wheel 5, and the cutting shaft 6 transmits the power to the shredder 2 again. The straw discharging device is arranged in a single row, that is, the straw discharging wheel 3 is arranged in a single row, and the transmission from the straw discharging wheel 3 to the cutting wheel 5 is a one-stage transmission, with a simple transmission structure and high efficiency. The shredding device provided in this embodiment has a simple structure and a simple transmission structure, can effectively avoid blockage during the straw discharging process, improve the straw shredding efficiency, has smooth straw discharging, has little influence on the belt 7, and can extend the service life of the belt 7.

[0030] The transmission between the straw discharging shaft 4 and the straw discharging device 1 and the transmission between the cutting shaft 6 and the shredder 2 can both be realized through a belt 7 structure or a gear structure, etc.

[0031] As an optional solution, the straw discharging device 1 includes a straw discharging roller, and the straw discharging roller is coaxially arranged with the straw discharging shaft 4; the shredder 2 includes a cutting roller, and the cutting roller is coaxially arranged with the cutting shaft 6.

[0032] In this embodiment, when the straw discharging shaft 4 rotates, the straw discharging roller rotates simultaneously, so that the straw discharging device 1 works. When the cutting shaft 6 rotates, the cutting roller rotates simultaneously, so that the shredder 2 works. With such a setting, the structure of the shredding device can be further made simple and compact, and the transmission efficiency is high.

[0033] It should be noted that the structures of the straw discharging device 1 and the chopping device 2 can both adopt conventional structures. For example: the straw discharging device 1 can also include straw discharging blades arranged on the straw discharging roller; the chopping device 2 can also include blades arranged on the chopping roller. Of course, blades can also be arranged on the cutting roller.

[0034] In addition, a spreader can be arranged downstream of the chopping device 2. The spreader can spread the chopped straw onto the field, enabling a wider spreading range of the straw. In order to better spread the straw, a spreader that can adjust the spreading angle (i.e., can adjust the spreading range) can be selected.

[0035] The chopping device can also include a straw discharging housing, a chopping housing, and a spreading housing. The straw discharging roller is rotatably arranged in the straw discharging housing, the chopping roller is arranged in the chopping housing, the spreader is arranged in the spreading housing, and the straw discharging housing, the chopping housing, and the spreading housing can be sequentially connected through connecting pieces, or the three can be integrally formed into a whole.

[0036] As Figure 1 shown, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, further, in the horizontal direction, the chopping device 2 is located behind the straw discharging device 1; in the vertical direction, the chopping device 2 is located below the straw discharging device 1.

[0037] In this embodiment, in the orientation shown in the figure, the chopping device 2 is located at the lower right of the straw discharging device 1, which is convenient for straw transportation. It can be understood that both the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are in the natural state.

[0038] As Figure 2 shown, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, further, the chopping device also includes a tensioning wheel 8. The tensioning wheel 8 abuts against the belt 7. Setting the tensioning wheel 8 can adjust the tension of the belt 7, thereby avoiding the belt 7 from jumping and prolonging the service life of the belt 7.

[0039] Among them, a tension adjustment member can also be provided to adjust the position of the tensioning wheel 8, thereby realizing the adjustment of the tension of the belt 7. Specifically, the tension adjustment member can include a support plate, a cable, a spring connected to the cable, and a pull rod connected to the spring (which plays a buffering role); the support plate is rotatably arranged on the machine body through a rotating shaft, one end of the pull rod away from the spring is rotatably connected to the support plate, the tensioning wheel 8 is rotatably connected to the other end of the support plate, the pull rod and the tensioning wheel 8 are respectively located on both sides of the rotating shaft, and the support plate is driven through the cable. The cable can be fixed on the machine body, thereby fixing the current position of the tensioning wheel 8.

[0040] Among them, the tensioning wheel 8 can be arranged inside to abut against the inner wall of the belt 7. Optionally, the tensioning wheel 8 is arranged outside the belt 7 to abut against the outer wall of the belt 7, which is convenient for setting and operation.

[0041] Optionally, the tensioning wheel 8 is arranged close to the chopper 2, and increasing the cutting wheel 5 can improve the transmission efficiency.

[0042] The present utility model further provides a combine harvester, which includes a fuselage and the chopping device of any one of the above technical solutions. The straw discharger 1 and the chopper 2 are both arranged on the fuselage. Therefore, the combine harvester has all the beneficial technical effects of the chopping device, and will not be elaborated here.

[0043] Specifically, the combine harvester further includes a reel and a cutting table arranged at the front of the fuselage to realize the harvesting of crops. A cross bridge is connected behind the cutting table, and a cross bridge belt is arranged on the cross bridge to convey the crops, so that the crops can be threshed, the stems can be separated, and the impurities can be removed at the rear. The chopping device is arranged at the rear of the fuselage to realize straw returning to the field.

[0044] Based on the above embodiments, further, the fuselage includes a sieve box, and the sieve box includes a chaff outlet 9 arranged at the rear of the fuselage; the chopper 2 is located at the rear away from the chaff outlet 9.

[0045] In this embodiment, the chopper 2 is arranged at the rear of the chaff outlet 9 and is arranged away from the chaff outlet 9 to avoid affecting the discharging of chaff from the chaff outlet 9.

[0046] The position of the chopper 2 can be determined by calculating the straw throwing distance according to the linear speed of the straw discharging wheel 3.

[0047] Based on the above embodiments, further, the combine harvester includes an engine, and the output shaft of the engine is in transmission connection with the straw discharging shaft 4; the combine harvester further includes a cutting table, and the cutting table includes a reel and a motor. The motor (which can be a hydraulic motor or an electric motor, etc.) is in transmission connection with the reel to drive the reel to rotate. Compared with the belt 7 transmission, the motor transmission is stable and has high reliability. The front and rear positions of the reel are adjusted by electro-hydraulic control. When harvesting lodging and upright crops, the adjustment can be completed in the cab. Compared with the traditional mechanical adjustment, the adaptability of crop harvesting is better, and the problem of long adjustment time is greatly solved, and the effective operation duration is improved. The cutting table adopts a profiling cutting table (the existing profiling cutting table structure can be adopted), and the profiling cutting table can change the angle according to the terrain to adapt to the terrain and avoid missed cutting on slopes.

[0048] Based on the above embodiments, further, a cross bridge belt is arranged on the cross bridge, and the combine harvester further includes a reverse driving member (for example, a hydraulic motor or an electric motor, etc.). The reverse driving member is in transmission connection with the cross bridge belt to drive the cross bridge belt to reverse. This reverse driving member can realize the automatic reverse of the belt 7, which is convenient for cleaning the blockage, and greatly solves the time for dealing with the blockage.

[0049] On the basis of the above embodiments, further, the combine harvester further includes a traveling device, and the traveling device adopts a hydraulic four-wheel drive structure. The traveling device includes a traveling pump, a front traveling motor, and two rear drive motors (hub motors), which can reduce the failure rate of mechanical drive transmission shafts and gearboxes, reduce the occupied space, increase the ground clearance of the whole machine, have strong driving ability, and greatly improve the ability to get out of the mud.

[0050] In addition, the structure of the seed-bearing tray of the combine harvester is a pushing auger, which can avoid the problem that the materials on the vibrating plate tend to one side during slope operation. The concave plate gap, the sieve opening, and the fan speed can be adjusted electronically using conventional techniques, liberating manpower, and the adjustment can be completed in the cab, saving time and effort.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. In the specification provided here, a large number of specific details are described. However, it can be understood that the embodiments of the present invention can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and technologies have not been shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification. In addition, those skilled in the art can understand that although some embodiments described herein include some features included in other embodiments but not others, the combination of features of different embodiments means that it is within the scope of the present invention and forms different embodiments.

Claims

1. A shredding device, characterized in that: include: A grass rower, a chopper and a transmission assembly, wherein the grass rower is used to convey the straw to the chopper, and the chopper is used to chop the straw; The transmission assembly includes a grass removal shaft, a grass removal wheel, a cutting shaft, a cutting wheel and a belt; the grass removal wheel is coaxially arranged with the grass removal shaft, the cutting wheel is coaxially arranged with the cutting shaft, and the two ends of the belt are respectively sleeved on the grass removal wheel and the cutting wheel; the grass removal shaft is transmission connected to the grass remover, and the cutting shaft is transmission connected to the chopper.

2. The shredding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grass remover comprises a grass remover roller, and the grass remover roller is coaxially arranged with the grass remover shaft; The chopper comprises a cutting roller, and the cutting roller is arranged through the axis of the cutting shaft.

3. The shredding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the horizontal direction, the chopper is located behind the grass ejector; In the vertical direction, the chopper is located below the grass ejector.

4. The shredding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shredder device further comprises a tension wheel, wherein the tension wheel abuts against the belt.

5. The shredding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tension wheel is arranged close to the chopper.

6. A combine harvester, characterized in that: It comprises a machine body and the chopping device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the grass ejector and the chopper are both arranged on the machine body.

7. The combine harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fuselage comprises a screen box, and the screen box comprises a bran outlet arranged at the rear of the fuselage; the chopper is located at the rear far away from the bran outlet.

8. The combine harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that: The combine harvester comprises an engine, and an output shaft of the engine is drivingly connected to the grass removal shaft; The combine harvester further comprises a harvesting platform, wherein the harvesting platform comprises a reel and a motor, wherein the motor is transmission-connected to the reel to drive the reel to rotate; The harvesting platform is a contoured harvesting platform.

9. The combine harvester according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rear of the harvesting platform is connected to a bridge, and a bridge belt is provided on the bridge; the combine harvester also includes a reversing drive component, and the reversing drive component is drivingly connected to the bridge belt to drive the bridge belt to reverse.

10. The combine harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that: The combine harvester also includes a traveling device, and the traveling device adopts a hydraulic four-wheel drive structure.

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