Low-loss double-row full-automatic layering tobacco leaf harvesting machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a low-loss double-row full-automatic layered tobacco leaf harvesting machine which is characterized in that two groups of encircling type flexible tobacco leaf picking mechanisms are arranged on a rack side by side, each group of encircling type flexible tobacco leaf picking mechanisms comprises a pair of encircling type flexible picking devices, and the pair of encircling type flexible picking devices are driven by the same motor; each embracing type flexible picking device comprises a shell, two guide wheels and a driving wheel, the guide wheels are fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the shell, the driving wheel is arranged on the shell in a sliding mode, the two guide wheels and the driving wheel of the same embracing type flexible picking device are arranged in a triangular mode, and the guide wheels and the driving wheel are sleeved with transmission chains; flexible picking fingers are arranged on the outer side of the transmission chain, and the driving wheel drives the transmission chain to drive the flexible picking fingers to reciprocate. The left side and the right side of each embracing type flexible tobacco leaf picking mechanism are each provided with a tobacco leaf low-loss conveying device, and the tobacco leaves picked by the embracing type flexible tobacco leaf picking mechanisms are conveyed to a collecting device. Tobacco leaf damage is reduced, tobacco leaf integrity is guaranteed, and quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of tobacco leaf picking machinery, and particularly relates to a low-loss double-row full-automatic layered tobacco leaf harvesting machine. Background Art

[0002] China has a long history of planting tobacco leaves. In the process of tobacco leaf production, picking is a basic task. Timely and scientific harvesting of tobacco leaves can ensure the quality of tobacco leaves. Each tobacco plant has 16-18 effective leaves. To ensure the quality of tobacco leaves, it is necessary to harvest them in batches at different times according to the maturity law of the leaves. Each time, 2-3 leaves are harvested, and a total of 5-6 times are harvested. Generally, the picking is carried out in the order from the bottom to the top, resulting in a huge amount of manual work.

[0003] The core component of the tobacco leaf picking machine is the picking mechanism. When the existing domestic picking mechanisms pick tobacco leaves, there are problems such as a high breakage rate and the inability to achieve layered picking of tobacco leaves. For example, the wave plate type tobacco leaf picking knife realizes the dropping of tobacco leaves by patting the tobacco plant. Although this method can realize the harvesting of tobacco leaves, it will not carry out layered picking of tobacco leaves, and it will cause damage to the tobacco plant, and the breakage rate of tobacco leaves is relatively high, and there will be omissions, which will reduce the income of tobacco farmers when used on a large scale.

[0004] Chinese Patent No. CN115669364 A discloses a tobacco leaf harvesting machine, which can realize the layered picking of tobacco leaves. At the same time, during the process of picking the same tobacco plant, the picking rod can have only a vertical force on the tobacco plant, thus avoiding bending the tobacco plant, patting the tobacco leaves vertically downward, with a low breakage rate and high harvesting efficiency. However, each transmission unit is provided with a motor, and a guard plate is arranged above the motor to protect the motor. The structure is relatively complex, and it is easy to hook the tobacco leaves. The synchronization of the two motors of the two transmission units is poor; and both ends of the harvesting frame are semi-circular and are arranged in a long strip shape. Since the transmission unit of the harvesting frame is inclined downward from front to back, it causes the transmission roller to be closer to the lower part at the rear end of the harvesting frame, which is easy to cause tobacco leaf accumulation and unsmooth transportation.

[0005] The tobacco leaves picked by the picking mechanism also need to be transported to the collection system through the conveying system. Chinese Patent Application No. 202110041400.7 discloses a conveying system of a tobacco leaf picking machine, which uses a blower to blow the tobacco leaves into the tobacco leaf collection box, which is easy to blow the tobacco leaves rotten and affect the quality of the tobacco leaves. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a low-loss double-row full-automatic layered tobacco leaf harvesting machine, which can realize layered picking, flexible picking, will not cause damage to the tobacco plant, the conveying system is unobstructed and flexibly conveys, and ensures the integrity of the tobacco leaves.

[0007] The object of the present utility model is achieved in the following manner: A low-loss double-row full-automatic layered tobacco leaf harvesting machine, comprising a frame, two groups of annular flexible tobacco leaf picking mechanisms arranged side by side on the frame, and a set of tobacco leaf low-loss conveying devices are arranged on each of the left and right sides of each group of annular flexible tobacco leaf picking mechanisms to convey the tobacco leaves picked by the annular flexible tobacco leaf picking mechanisms to a collecting device;

[0008] Each group of annular flexible tobacco leaf picking mechanisms includes a pair of annular flexible pickers. The annular flexible pickers are installed on the frame through mounting rods. The pair of annular flexible pickers are driven by the same motor. The motor is arranged on the frame through a bracket. Each annular flexible picker includes a housing, two guide wheels and a driving wheel. The guide wheels are fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the housing. The driving wheel is slidably arranged on the housing. The two guide wheels and one driving wheel of the same annular flexible picker are arranged in a triangular shape. A transmission chain is sleeved outside the guide wheels and the driving wheel. Flexible picking fingers are arranged outside the transmission chain. The driving wheel drives the transmission chain to drive the flexible picking fingers to reciprocate. The middle of the flexible picking finger is convex. The area of the transmission chain and the flexible picking fingers between the two guide wheels is the picking operation area. The driving wheel is far from the picking operation area. The adjacent two flexible picking fingers of the same annular flexible picker and the adjacent two flexible picking fingers of the other annular flexible picker arranged in pairs are butted to form a picking frame. The picking frame surrounds the tobacco plant. The front end of the picking operation area of the annular flexible picker is high and the rear end is low, and the driving wheel end is higher than the front end of the picking operation area;

[0009] Each group of tobacco leaf low-loss conveying devices includes a first horizontal conveying mechanism, a second horizontal conveying mechanism, a lifting conveying mechanism and a conveyor belt throwing mechanism connected in sequence. The tobacco leaves picked by the annular flexible tobacco leaf picking mechanisms fall on the first horizontal conveying mechanism and are horizontally conveyed to the second horizontal conveying mechanism, and then are lifted to the conveyor belt throwing mechanism by the lifting conveying mechanism and are conveyed to the collecting device by the conveyor belt throwing mechanism.

[0010] The inclination angle between the front and rear ends of the picking operation area is 25°-40°.

[0011] The tobacco leaf harvesting machine further includes traveling wheels for driving the frame to move. A first speed sensor is arranged on the traveling wheels. A second speed sensor is arranged on the transmission chain. The motor is connected to an encoder. The first speed sensor, the second speed sensor, the encoder and the motor are all connected to a controller.

[0012] The output shaft of the motor is sleeved with a driving sprocket. The driving sprocket is in chain drive with a driven sprocket. The driven sprocket is fixedly sleeved in the middle of a synchronizing rod. The two ends of the synchronizing rod are respectively connected to transmission rods through a pair of bevel gears. The transmission rods are connected to the driving wheels.

[0013] The material of the flexible picking fingers is rubber, silica gel, plastic or resin.

[0014] The driving wheel is slidably arranged on the shell through a tensioning mechanism. The tensioning mechanism comprises a first mounting plate, a limit block and a limit rod. The driving wheel is fixedly arranged on the first mounting plate. The first mounting plate is connected to the limit rod, and the limit rod is clamped with the limit block.

[0015] A guard plate is arranged at the rear end of the first horizontal conveying mechanism, and a rotary paddle is installed on each conveying guard plate. The two paddle plates rotate in opposite directions and are in contact when rotating. The paddle plates are flexible plates or flexible finger plates. A layered guide plate is arranged at the front end of the embracing flexible picker.

[0016] The lifting and conveying mechanism includes a lifting and conveying frame, an upper conveyor belt and a lower conveyor belt. The lifting and conveying frame is connected to a conveyor belt tensioning frame. The top of the conveyor belt tensioning frame is located between the two side walls of the top of the lifting and conveying frame and is connected with a bearing. The bottom of the conveyor belt tensioning frame is suspended in the air. The conveyor belt tensioning frame can rotate around the top bearing. A third tensioning wheel is arranged at the bottom of the conveyor belt tensioning frame. The lifting and conveying frame includes a first driving roller, a second driving roller and a first driven roller. The first driving roller is located at the upper right end of the second driving roller. The upper conveyor belt is arranged outside the first driving roller and the third tensioning wheel. The first driven roller is fixedly arranged between the left and right side walls of the bottom of the lifting and conveying frame. The second driving roller and the first driven roller The lower conveyor belt is sleeved on the outside of the movable roller, the first driving wheel is arranged at the end of the first driving roller, and the second driving wheel is arranged at the end of the second driving roller, the first driving wheel is connected to the second driving wheel by a connecting piece, and the tobacco leaves are upwardly conveyed from between the upper conveyor belt and the lower conveyor belt; the conveyor belt throwing mechanism comprises a throwing pressure roller and an active roller fixedly mounted on the frame baffle, a slidably mounted passive roller and a throwing belt sleeved on the outside of the master and slave rollers, the throwing pressure roller is located between the first driving roller and the second driving roller, and above the first driving roller, the tobacco leaves conveyed by the lifting conveying mechanism are pressed down to the throwing belt by the throwing pressure roller, and are then conveyed to the collection box by the throwing belt.

[0017] A first long slide groove is arranged on the frame baffle plate, and the first long slide groove extends along the length direction of the throwing belt. The passive roller is slidably arranged in the first long slide groove through the second mounting plate and the first bolt. The end of the second mounting plate is connected to the screw rod, and the end of the screw rod is clamped in the clamping groove of the fixed plate. The fixed plate is fixedly arranged on the frame baffle plate. Two nuts are threadedly connected to the screw rod, and the two nuts are respectively on both sides of the fixed plate.

[0018] A first tensioning roller is also arranged above the active roller, a second long slide groove is arranged on the frame baffle, the first tensioning roller is slidably connected in the second long slide groove, a first tensioning wheel is arranged at the end of the first tensioning roller, and the connecting piece between the active wheel and the second driving wheel is tightened by the first tensioning wheel.

[0019] The conveyor belt tensioning frame also includes an upper cross bar, a bearing seat, an upper vertical support rod, a lower vertical support rod, and a cross support rod. The upper cross bar is located at the top of the upper vertical support rod, and bearing seats are arranged at the left and right ends of the upper cross bar. The lower vertical support rod can be telescopic in the upper vertical support rod, and cross support rods are arranged at the left and right ends of the upper part of the lower vertical support rod. A tensioning wheel support is arranged at the lower end of the lower vertical support rod, and a third tensioning wheel is arranged between the tensioning wheel supports. An inclination adjustment mechanism is arranged at the end of the cross support rod, and the inclination adjustment mechanism includes a support block fixedly mounted on the side wall of the lifting and conveying frame and an inverted support plate fixedly connected to the cross support rod. A threaded hole is arranged on the support plate, and an adjusting bolt is arranged in the threaded hole. Nuts are arranged on the adjusting bolts on the upper and lower surfaces of the support plate, and the adjusting bolts press the support block tightly. The support plate is an inverted L-shape, and the vertical plate of the L-shaped support plate fits the inner wall of the conveying frame, and the vertical plate of the L-shaped support plate moves up and down along the side wall of the lifting and conveying frame.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the picking mechanism of the low-loss double-row fully automatic layered tobacco harvester of the utility model adopts an embracing flexible picker, which is a triangular structure as a whole, and the driving wheel is far away from the picking operation area to prevent the tobacco leaves from being entangled; the two embracing flexible pickers arranged in pairs are driven by the same power source, with good synchronization, and the driving motor is suspended on the frame, which effectively prevents the tobacco leaves or tobacco plants from being hooked and reduces damage. The contact area between the flexible picking fingers and the tobacco leaves is only the flexible picking finger part, and the contact area is small. The flexible picking fingers are convex in the middle, and the smooth arc transition from the middle to the two ends makes it smoother when contacting the tobacco leaves, and will not damage the tobacco leaves. By setting a conveyor belt throwing mechanism at the top of the lifting and conveying mechanism to replace the existing fan system, the tobacco leaves transmitted between the upper conveyor belt and the lower conveyor belt of the lifting and conveying mechanism are transmitted to the collection box through the throwing belt, which prevents the fan from blowing the tobacco leaves, ensures the integrity of the tobacco leaves, and improves its quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a set of embracing flexible tobacco leaf picking mechanisms.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a connection diagram of the motor and the embracing flexible picker.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of embracing flexible pickers arranged in pairs.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an embracing flexible picker.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flexible picking finger.

[0027] Figure 7It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a low-loss tobacco conveying device.

[0028] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the conveyor belt throwing mechanism.

[0029] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the tensioning structure of the passive roller of the conveyor belt throwing mechanism.

[0030] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of a conveyor belt tensioner.

[0031] Figure 11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tilt adjustment mechanism.

[0032] In the figure, 1-embracing flexible picker, 2-guide wheel, 3-driving wheel, 4-transmission chain, 5-flexible picking finger, 51-U-shaped card, 6-layered guide plate, 7-tensioning mechanism, 71-first mounting plate, 72-limiting block, 73-limiting rod, 8-picking frame, 9-mounting rod, 91-first mounting rod, 92-second mounting rod, 10-frame, 11-motor, 12-driving sprocket, 13-driven sprocket, 14-synchronizing rod, 15-transmission rod, 16-first horizontal conveying mechanism, 17-conveying guard plate, 18-push plate, 19-second horizontal conveying mechanism, 20-lifting conveying mechanism, 21-first driving roller, 22-second driving roller , 23-tensioning wheel, 24-conveyor belt throwing mechanism, 25-conveyor belt tensioning frame, 30-upper cross bar, 31-upper vertical support rod, 32-lower vertical support rod, 33-cross support rod, 34-tensioning wheel support, 35-third tensioning wheel, 36-inclination adjustment mechanism, 361-support block, 362-support plate, 363-adjusting bolt, 364-nut, 100-power wheel, 200-active roller, 300-passive roller, 301-second mounting plate, 302-screw rod, 303-fixed plate, 400-first tensioning roller, 500-throwing pressure roller, 600-upper guard plate, 700-frame baffle, 701-first long slide groove, 702-second long slide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the contents of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the present invention.

[0034] like Figure 1As shown in the figure, a low-loss double-row full-automatic layered tobacco leaf harvesting machine includes a frame, two groups of surrounding flexible tobacco leaf picking mechanisms arranged side by side on the frame, and two groups of tobacco leaf low-loss conveying devices are arranged for each group of surrounding flexible tobacco leaf picking mechanisms to convey the tobacco leaves picked by the surrounding flexible tobacco leaf picking mechanisms to the collecting device. As Figure 2 , Figure 4 , each group of surrounding flexible tobacco leaf picking mechanisms includes a pair of surrounding flexible pickers 1. The surrounding flexible pickers 1 are installed on the frame 10 through mounting rods 9. A pair of surrounding flexible pickers are driven by the same motor 11, and the motor 11 is arranged on the frame 10 through a bracket. As Figure 5 , each surrounding flexible picker 1 includes a housing, two guide wheels 2 and a driving wheel 3. The guide wheels 2 are fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the housing, and the driving wheel 3 is slidably arranged on the housing. The two guide wheels 2 and one driving wheel 3 of the same surrounding flexible picker 1 are arranged in a triangle. A transmission chain 4 is sleeved outside the guide wheels 2 and the driving wheel 3, and flexible picking fingers 5 are arranged outside the transmission chain 4. The driving wheel drives the transmission chain 4 to drive the flexible picking fingers 5 to reciprocate. The middle of the flexible picking fingers 5 is convex, and the area of the transmission chain 4 and the flexible picking fingers 5 between the two guide wheels 2 is the picking operation area. The driving wheel 3 is far away from the picking operation area. The two adjacent flexible picking fingers 5 on the same surrounding flexible picker 1 and the two adjacent flexible picking fingers 5 on the paired other surrounding flexible picker 1 are butted to form a picking frame 8, and the picking frame 8 surrounds the tobacco plant. As Figure 7 , each group of tobacco leaf low-loss conveying devices includes a first horizontal conveying mechanism 16, a second horizontal conveying mechanism 19, a lifting conveying mechanism 20 and a conveyor belt throwing mechanism 24 connected in sequence. The tobacco leaves picked by the surrounding flexible tobacco leaf picking mechanism fall on the first horizontal conveying mechanism 16, are horizontally conveyed to the second horizontal conveying mechanism 19, then are lifted to the conveyor belt throwing mechanism 24 by the lifting conveying mechanism 20, and are conveyed to the collecting device by the conveyor belt throwing mechanism 24. One group of first horizontal conveying mechanisms 16 is arranged under each surrounding flexible picker 1, and two groups of first horizontal conveying mechanisms 16 are arranged under each group of surrounding flexible tobacco leaf picking mechanisms. The conveying directions of the two groups of first horizontal conveying mechanisms 16 are opposite, and the conveying direction of each group of first horizontal conveying mechanisms 16 faces the outside of the frame 10, so as to convey the tobacco leaves falling on the first horizontal conveying mechanism 16 to the second horizontal conveying mechanism 19 outside the frame 10.

[0035] When working, as the frame 10 and the transmission chain 4 move, when the surrounding flexible picker 1 moves to the plant, two opposite flexible picking fingers 5 on the two transmission chains 4 are taken as a group, and together with the next group of flexible picking fingers 5, the plant is surrounded in the picking frame; as the transmission chain 4 drives, two groups of adjacent flexible picking fingers 5 move downward relative to the plant, so as to fold the tobacco leaves and achieve the purpose of tobacco leaf picking.

[0036] The front end of the picking operation area of ​​the embracing flexible picker 1 is high, and the rear end is low, and the end of the driving wheel 3 is higher than the front end of the picking operation area, and the front and rear end inclination angles of the picking operation area are preferably 25°-40°. The front end of the utility model refers to the end that first contacts the tobacco leaves when the picker moves forward, and the end that contacts the tobacco leaves later is the rear end.

[0037] Because the transmission chain 4 is driven obliquely downward, it can be decomposed into horizontal backward movement and vertical downward movement, wherein the vertical downward movement realizes the picking of tobacco leaves, and the horizontal backward movement is used to offset the horizontal movement of the frame 10, so that the flexible picking fingers 5 only move downward relative to the plants during the picking operation, and the plants will not be bent, which greatly improves the picking effect. In addition, the normal growth of the plants after picking is guaranteed, and more importantly: because the frame 10 will not be hindered by the bending force of the plants, the power consumption of the entire picking machine is also reduced.

[0038] To ensure that the sub-speed of the transmission chain 4 in the horizontal direction matches the moving speed of the frame 10, the tobacco harvester also includes a walking wheel that drives the frame to move, a first speed sensor is set on the walking wheel, a second speed sensor is set on the transmission chain 4, and the motor 11 is connected to the encoder. The first speed sensor, the second speed sensor, the encoder, and the motor 11 are all connected to the controller. The first speed sensor collects the moving speed of the frame 10, and the second speed sensor collects the linear speed of the transmission chain 4. The first speed sensor and the second speed sensor transmit the collected speed information to the controller, and the controller outputs a signal to the motor 11 to adjust the speed of the motor 11, thereby matching the moving speed of the frame 10 with the sub-speed of the transmission chain 4 in the horizontal direction to ensure the picking effect of tobacco leaves. Please refer to the Chinese patent with publication number CN115669364A.

[0039] like Figure 3 The output shaft of the motor 11 is sleeved with a driving sprocket 12, and the driving sprocket 12 is chain-driven with a driven sprocket 13. The driven sprocket 13 is fixedly sleeved in the middle of a synchronization rod 14. A pair of bevel gears are connected at both ends of the synchronization rod 14. One of the bevel gears is installed on the synchronization rod 14, and the other is installed on a transmission rod 15. The transmission rod 15 is connected to the driving wheel 3, so that one motor can synchronously drive two embracing flexible pickers 1.

[0040] Furthermore, one of a pair of bevel gears is mounted on the synchronization rod 14, and the other is mounted on the bevel gear transmission shaft. A cross coupling is arranged between the bevel gear transmission shaft and the transmission rod 15. The arrangement of the cross coupling can make the embracing flexible picker adapt to the shaking of the frame.

[0041] Further preferred embodiments, such as Figure 6As shown, the flexible picking finger 5 has a bulge in the middle, and a smooth arc transition from the middle to the two ends. This structure makes the flexible picking finger 5 smoother and less frictional when in contact with the tobacco plant or tobacco leaves. A U-shaped card 51 is provided on the side of the flexible picking finger 5 opposite to the bulge in the middle, and is fixedly connected to the transmission chain through the U-shaped card 51. Furthermore, the material of the flexible picking finger 5 is preferably rubber, silicone, plastic or resin, which is softer than metal and causes less damage to tobacco leaves.

[0042] The driving wheel 3 is slidably set on the shell through a tensioning mechanism 7. There is a long hole on the shell, and the extension direction of the long hole is away from the two guide wheels. The tensioning mechanism 7 includes a first mounting plate 71, a limit block 72 and a limit rod 73. The driving wheel 3 is fixedly set on the first mounting plate 71. The first mounting plate 71 is connected to the limit rod 73. There is a limit block or a limit nut on the limit rod 73, which is clamped with the limit block 72. The position of the first mounting plate 71 and the driving wheel 3 on the shell is adjusted by adjusting the limit rod 73, thereby realizing the tensioning of the transmission chain 4.

[0043] The mounting rod 9 includes a first mounting rod 91 and a second mounting rod 92, which are respectively located on both sides of the driving wheel 3. By adjusting the length of the first mounting rod 91 and the second mounting rod 92 extending on the frame 7, the inclination angle of the embracing flexible picker 1 can be adjusted.

[0044] In a further preferred embodiment, a stratified guide plate 6 is provided at the front end of the embracing flexible picker 1. The stratified guide plate 6 is used to stratify the tobacco leaves on the tobacco plants to be picked, and the tobacco leaves of the tobacco plants located above the stratified guide plate 6 are not picked, and the tobacco leaves below the stratified guide plate 6 are picked.

[0045] The embracing flexible picker disclosed in the utility model has a triangular structure, and the driving wheel is far away from the picking operation area to prevent the tobacco leaves from being entangled; the two embracing flexible pickers arranged in pairs are driven by the same power source, with good synchronization, and the driving motor is suspended on the frame, which effectively prevents the tobacco leaves or tobacco plants from being hooked and reduces damage. The contact area between the flexible picking fingers and the tobacco leaves is only the flexible picking finger part, and the contact area is small. The flexible picking fingers are convex in the middle, and the transition from the middle to the two ends is smooth and circular, so that they are smoother when in contact with the tobacco leaves and will not damage the tobacco leaves.

[0046] Furthermore, conveying guards 17 are provided at the rear ends of the first horizontal conveying mechanisms 16. A rotary deflector 18 is installed on each conveying guard 17. The two deflectors 18 rotate in opposite directions and come into contact during rotation. The deflector 18 is a flexible plate or a flexible finger plate, and the material of the deflector 18 is rubber, silica gel, resin or plastic. The rotation direction of each deflector 18 is the same as the conveying direction of the first horizontal conveying mechanism 16 below it and also faces the outside of the frame 10, so as to deflect the tobacco leaves on the first horizontal conveying mechanism to the second horizontal conveying mechanism 19 outside the frame 10. The two groups of deflectors 18 rotate in opposite directions to deflect the tobacco leaves stuck between the left and right groups of first horizontal conveying mechanisms 16 and the tobacco leaves stacked in front of the conveying guards 17 onto the first horizontal conveying mechanisms 16 on both sides, preventing tobacco leaf jams and accumulations. In addition, the two groups of deflectors 18 can also slap and pick the small amount of tobacco leaves that are missed in harvesting, achieving the role of auxiliary harvesting.

[0047] Such as Figure 8 , Figure 10 , the lifting conveying mechanism 20 includes a lifting conveying frame, an upper conveyor belt and a lower conveyor belt. A conveyor belt tensioning frame 25 is connected to the lifting conveying frame. The top of the conveyor belt tensioning frame 25 is connected by bearings between the two side walls at the top of the lifting conveying frame. The bottom of the conveyor belt tensioning frame 25 is suspended. The conveyor belt tensioning frame 25 can rotate around the top bearing. A third tensioning wheel 35 is provided at the bottom of the conveyor belt tensioning frame 25. The lifting conveying frame includes a first driving roller 21, a second driving roller 22 and a first driven roller. The first driving roller 21 is located at the upper right end of the second driving roller 22. The first driving roller 21 and the third tensioning wheel 35 are sleeved with an upper conveyor belt. The first driven roller is fixedly arranged between the left and right side walls at the bottom of the lifting conveying frame. The second driving roller 22 and the first driven roller are externally sleeved with a lower conveyor belt. A first driving wheel is provided at the end of the first driving roller 21, and a second driving wheel is provided at the end of the second driving roller 22. The first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are connected by a connecting piece. The tobacco leaves are conveyed upward between the upper conveyor belt and the lower conveyor belt. The conveyor belt throwing mechanism 24 includes a throwing pressure roller 500 and a driving roller 200 fixedly installed on the frame baffle 700, a driven roller 300 slidably installed, and a throwing belt sleeved outside the driving and driven rollers. The throwing pressure roller 500 is located between the first driving roller 21 and the second driving roller 22 and above the first driving roller 21. The tobacco leaves conveyed by the lifting conveying mechanism 20 are pressed down to the throwing belt by the throwing pressure roller 500 and conveyed to the collection box by the throwing belt.

[0048] A conveyor belt throwing mechanism 24 is provided at the upper end of the top of the lifting conveying mechanism 20 to replace the existing fan system. The tobacco leaves conveyed between the upper conveyor belt and the lower conveyor belt of the lifting conveying mechanism are conveyed to the collection box by the throwing belt, preventing the fan from blowing the tobacco leaves to pieces, ensuring the integrity of the tobacco leaves and improving their quality.

[0049] Such as Figure 9As shown, the passive roller 300 on which the conveyor belt throwing mechanism 24 is slidably mounted specifically refers to: a first long chute 701 is provided on the frame baffle 700, and the first long chute 701 extends along the length direction of the throwing belt. The passive roller 300 is slidably arranged in the first long chute 701 through a second mounting plate 301 and a first bolt 304. The end of the second mounting plate 301 is connected to a lead screw 302, and the end of the lead screw 302 is clamped in the card slot of a fixing plate 303. The fixing plate 303 is fixedly arranged on the frame baffle 700. Two nuts are threadedly connected to the lead screw 302, and the two nuts are respectively on both sides of the fixing plate 303. By adjusting the positions of the nuts on the lead screw 302, the second mounting plate 301 is adjusted to drive the passive roller 300 to slide along the first long chute 701, so as to adapt to throwing belts of different lengths.

[0050] Further, a driving wheel is provided at one end of the driving roller 200 and is connected to a second driving wheel provided at the end of the second driving roller 22 through a connecting member, and the second driving wheel drives the driving wheel to rotate; a throwing pressure wheel is provided at one end of the throwing pressure roller 500 and is connected to a first driving wheel provided at the end of the first driving roller 21 through a connecting member, and the first driving wheel drives the throwing pressure wheel to rotate.

[0051] Furthermore, a power wheel 100 is fixedly arranged on the frame, and a tensioning wheel 23 is slidably arranged. The power wheel 100, the first driving wheel, and the tensioning wheel 23 are connected through a connecting member, and a connecting member is connected to the outside of the second driving wheel. The presence of the tensioning wheel 23 can be used to adjust the tension degree of the connecting member. The power wheel 100 provides power for the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel to ensure the synchronous movement of the upper conveyor belt and the lower conveyor belt. The power wheel 100 provides power for the throwing pressure roller 500 through the first driving wheel, and the power wheel 100 provides power for the driving roller 200 through the second driving wheel.

[0052] A first tensioning roller 400 is further provided above the driving roller 200. A second long chute 702 is provided on the frame baffle 700. The first tensioning roller 400 is slidably connected in the second long chute 702. A first tensioning wheel is provided at the end of the first tensioning roller 400, and the connecting member between the driving wheel and the second driving wheel is tensioned through the first tensioning wheel.

[0053] In the present utility model, the driving wheel, the throwing pressure wheel, the first driving wheel, the second driving wheel, and the first tensioning wheel mentioned can be either belt wheels or sprocket wheels, and the corresponding connecting members are belts or chains.

[0054] Flexible materials are provided on the surfaces of the upper conveyor belt and the lower conveyor belt of the lifting and conveying mechanism 20, and the flexible material is preferably sponge. When the tobacco leaves are conveyed by the lifting and conveying mechanism 20, they pass through the gap between the upper conveyor belt and the lower conveyor belt. By providing flexible materials on the surfaces of the upper conveyor belt and the lower conveyor belt, replacing the multiple hook-shaped structures provided on the conveyor belt body in the prior art with the publication number CN112715150A, the integrity of the tobacco leaves can be effectively protected from being damaged.

[0055] As Figure 10 , the conveyor belt tensioning frame 25 further includes an upper cross bar 30, bearing seats, upper vertical support rods 31, lower vertical support rods 32, and cross support rods 33. The upper cross bar 30 is located at the top of the upper vertical support rods 31. Bearing seats are provided at the left and right ends of the upper cross bar 30. The lower vertical support rods 32 can be telescoped within the upper vertical support rods 31. Cross support rods 33 are provided at the upper left and right ends of the lower vertical support rods 32. A tensioning wheel support 34 is provided at the lower end of the lower vertical support rods 32. A third tensioning wheel 35 is provided between the tensioning wheel supports 34. An inclination adjustment mechanism 36 is provided at the end of the cross support rods 33. As Figure 11 , the inclination adjustment mechanism 36 includes a support block 361 fixedly installed on the side wall of the lifting and conveying frame and an inverted support plate 362 fixedly connected to the cross support rod 33. A threaded hole is provided on the support plate 362, and an adjustment bolt 363 is provided in the threaded hole. Nuts 364 are provided on the adjustment bolts 363 on the upper and lower surfaces of the support plate 362. The adjustment bolt 363 abuts against the support block 361. The support plate 362 is an inverted L-shaped. The vertical plate of the L-shaped support plate fits against the inner wall of the conveying frame, and the vertical plate of the L-shaped support plate moves up and down along the inside of the side wall of the lifting and conveying frame.

[0056] By adjusting the gap between the support plate 362 and the support block 361 through the adjustment bolt 363, the gap between the upper conveyor belt and the lower conveyor belt can be adjusted, ensuring that the tobacco leaves can pass smoothly between the upper conveyor belt and the lower conveyor belt, reducing the rubbing damage to the tobacco leaves, and improving the quality of the tobacco leaves. The weight of the upper conveyor belt and the conveyor belt tensioning frame 25 is transmitted to the lifting and conveying frame through the cross support rods 33, the support plate 362, and the adjustment bolt 363, further reducing the damage to the tobacco leaves.

[0057] Furthermore, an upper guard plate 600 is connected to the frame baffle 700 to prevent the tobacco leaves from flying out above the frame baffle 700.

[0058] For other technical details not described in detail, reference can be made to the Chinese patents with the publication numbers CN115669364A, CN112715150A, and the publication number CN206606679U and the prior art.

[0059] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the overall concept of the present invention, several changes and improvements can still be made, and these should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-loss double-row fully automatic layered tobacco leaf harvester, characterized in that: The machine comprises a frame, two sets of embracing flexible tobacco leaf picking mechanisms arranged side by side on the frame, and a set of tobacco leaf low-loss conveying devices are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of each set of embracing flexible tobacco leaf picking mechanisms to convey the tobacco leaves picked by the embracing flexible tobacco leaf picking mechanisms to a collecting device; Each set of encircling flexible tobacco leaf picking mechanisms comprises a pair of encircling flexible pickers (1), the encircling flexible pickers (1) being mounted on a frame (10) via a mounting rod (9), the pair of encircling flexible pickers being driven by a same motor (11), the motor (11) being mounted on the frame (10) via a bracket, each encircling flexible picker (1) comprising a housing, two guide wheels (2) and a driving wheel (3), the guide wheels (2) being fixedly mounted on an inner surface of the housing, the driving wheel (3) being slidably mounted on the housing, the two guide wheels (2) and the driving wheel (3) of the same encircling flexible picker (1) being arranged in a triangle, a transmission chain (4) being mounted outside the guide wheels (2) and the driving wheels (3), Flexible picking fingers (5) are arranged outside the transmission chain (4), and the driving wheel drives the transmission chain (4) to drive the flexible picking fingers (5) to reciprocate. The flexible picking fingers (5) are convex in the middle, and the area corresponding to the transmission chain (4) and the flexible picking fingers (5) between the two guide wheels (2) is a picking operation area. The driving wheel (3) is far away from the picking operation area. Two adjacent flexible picking fingers (5) on the same embracing flexible picking device (1) and two adjacent flexible picking fingers (5) on another embracing flexible picking device (1) arranged in pair are connected to form a picking frame. The picking frame embraces the tobacco plants. The front end of the picking operation area of ​​the embracing flexible picking device (1) is high and the rear end is low, and the end of the driving wheel (3) is higher than the front end of the picking operation area. Each set of tobacco leaf low-loss conveying devices comprises a first horizontal conveying mechanism (16), a second horizontal conveying mechanism (19), a lifting conveying mechanism (20) and a conveyor belt throwing mechanism (24) which are connected in sequence. The tobacco leaves picked by the embracing flexible tobacco leaf picking mechanism fall on the first horizontal conveying mechanism (16) and are horizontally conveyed to the second horizontal conveying mechanism (19). They are then lifted to the conveyor belt throwing mechanism (24) by the lifting conveying mechanism (20) and transported to the collecting device by the conveyor belt throwing mechanism (24).

2. The low-loss double-row fully automatic layered tobacco leaf harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front and rear end inclination angles of the picking operation area are 25°-40°.

3. The low-loss double-row fully automatic layered tobacco leaf harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tobacco leaf harvester also includes a running wheel for driving the frame to move, a first speed sensor is arranged on the running wheel, a second speed sensor is arranged on the transmission chain (4), the motor (11) is connected to an encoder, and the first speed sensor, the second speed sensor, the encoder, and the motor (11) are all connected to a controller.

4. The low-loss double-row fully automatic layered tobacco leaf harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output shaft of the motor (11) is sleeved with a driving sprocket (12), the driving sprocket (12) and a driven sprocket (13) are chain-driven, the driven sprocket (13) is fixedly sleeved in the middle of a synchronization rod (14), the two ends of the synchronization rod (14) are respectively connected to a transmission rod (15) through a pair of bevel gears, and the transmission rod (15) is connected to a driving wheel (3).

5. The low-loss double-row fully automatic layered tobacco leaf harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: Flexible picking fingers (5) are made of rubber, silicone, plastic or resin.

6. The low-loss double-row fully automatic layered tobacco leaf harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving wheel (3) is slidably arranged on the housing via a tensioning mechanism (7); the tensioning mechanism (7) comprises a first mounting plate (71), a limiting block (72) and a limiting rod (73); the driving wheel (3) is fixedly arranged on the first mounting plate (71); the first mounting plate (71) is connected to the limiting rod (73); and the limiting rod (73) is clamped with the limiting block (72).

7. The low-loss double-row fully automatic layered tobacco leaf harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guard plate (17) is provided at the rear end of the first horizontal conveying mechanism (16), and a rotary paddle plate (18) is installed on each conveying guard plate (17). The two paddle plates (18) rotate in opposite directions and are in contact with each other during rotation. The paddle plates (18) are flexible plates or flexible finger plates. A layered guide plate (6) is provided at the front end of the embracing flexible picker (1).

8. The low-loss double-row fully automatic layered tobacco leaf harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting and conveying mechanism (20) comprises a lifting and conveying frame, an upper conveyor belt and a lower conveyor belt. The lifting and conveying frame is connected to a conveyor belt tensioning frame (25). The top of the conveyor belt tensioning frame (25) is located between the two side walls of the top of the lifting and conveying frame and is connected by a bearing. The bottom of the conveyor belt tensioning frame (25) is suspended in the air. The conveyor belt tensioning frame (25) can rotate around the top bearing. A third tensioning wheel (35) is arranged at the bottom of the conveyor belt tensioning frame (25). The lifting and conveying frame comprises a first driving roller (21), a second driving roller (22) and a first driven roller. The first driving roller (21) is located at the upper right end of the second driving roller (22). The upper conveyor belt is arranged outside the first driving roller (21) and the third tensioning wheel (35). The first driven roller is fixedly arranged between the left and right side walls of the bottom of the lifting and conveying frame. The second driving roller (22) and the first driven roller A lower conveyor belt is sleeved on the outside of the rollers, a first driving wheel is arranged at the end of the first driving roller (21), and a second driving wheel is arranged at the end of the second driving roller (22), the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel are connected via a connecting piece, and tobacco leaves are transported upward from between the upper conveyor belt and the lower conveyor belt; the conveyor belt throwing mechanism (24) comprises a throwing pressure roller (500) and an active roller (200) fixedly mounted on a frame baffle (700), a slidably mounted passive roller (300), and a throwing belt sleeved on the outside of the active and passive rollers, the throwing pressure roller (500) being located between the first driving roller (21) and the second driving roller (22), and above the first driving roller (21), lifting the tobacco leaves transported by the conveying mechanism (20), pressing them down to the throwing belt via the throwing pressure roller (500), and transporting them to the collection box via the throwing belt.

9. The low-loss double-row fully automatic layered tobacco leaf harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first long slide groove (701) is arranged on the frame baffle (700), and the first long slide groove (701) extends along the length direction of the throwing belt. The passive roller (300) is slidably arranged in the first long slide groove (701) through the second mounting plate (301) and the first bolt (304). The end of the second mounting plate (301) is connected to the screw rod (302), and the end of the screw rod (302) is clamped in the clamping groove of the fixing plate (303). The fixing plate (303) is fixedly arranged on the frame baffle (700). Two nuts are threadedly connected to the screw rod (302), and the two nuts are respectively on both sides of the fixing plate (303). A first tensioning roller (400) is also arranged above the active roller (200), a second long slide groove (702) is arranged on the frame baffle (700), the first tensioning roller (400) is slidably connected in the second long slide groove (702), a first tensioning wheel is arranged at the end of the first tensioning roller (400), and a connecting piece between the active wheel and the second driving wheel is tensioned by the first tensioning wheel.

10. The low-loss double-row fully automatic layered tobacco leaf harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveyor belt tensioning frame (25) further comprises an upper cross bar (30), a bearing seat, an upper vertical support bar (31), a lower vertical support bar (32), and a cross support bar (33). The upper cross bar (30) is located at the top of the upper vertical support bar (31). The upper cross bar (30) is provided with bearing seats at both ends. The lower vertical support bar (32) can be telescopic in the upper vertical support bar (31). The lower vertical support bar (32) is provided with cross support bars (33) at both ends of the upper part. A tension wheel support (34) is provided at the lower end of the lower vertical support bar (32). A third tension wheel (35) is provided between the tension wheel supports (34). An inclination adjustment mechanism is provided at the end of the cross support bar (33). (36), the inclination adjustment mechanism (36) includes a support block (361) fixedly mounted on the side wall of the lifting conveyor frame and an inverted support plate (362) fixedly connected to the horizontal support rod (33), the support plate (362) is provided with a threaded hole, and an adjusting bolt (363) is arranged in the threaded hole, and nuts (364) are arranged on the adjusting bolts (363) on the upper and lower surfaces of the support plate (362), and the adjusting bolts (363) are pressed against the support block (361), and the support plate (362) is an inverted L-shape, and the vertical plate of the L-shaped support plate is in contact with the inner wall of the conveyor frame, and the vertical plate of the L-shaped support plate moves up and down along the side wall of the lifting conveyor frame.

Images