Detachable inner-cooling friction stir welding tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of friction stir welding, in particular to a detachable inner-cooled friction stir welding tool which comprises a hollow mandrel and a static water jacket coaxially arranged on the outer ring of the mandrel in a sleeving mode, and the static water jacket and the mandrel are coaxially matched in a rotating mode. An opening is formed in one end of a shaft cavity of the core shaft, a functional part is installed at the opening, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are formed in the core shaft, and the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are communicated with a liquid inlet connector and a liquid outlet connector on the static water jacket respectively; a water dividing piece dividing the shaft cavity into a liquid inlet cavity and a liquid outlet cavity is further arranged in the shaft cavity of the core shaft, and a cooling medium sequentially passes through the liquid inlet, the liquid inlet cavity, the function part and the liquid outlet cavity and then is discharged through the liquid outlet. The temperature of the stirring head in the welding process can be effectively reduced, the service life of the stirring head is prolonged, generation of intermetallic compounds in the welding process is restrained, and the joint performance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of friction stir welding, in particular to a detachable internal cooling type friction stir welding tool. Background Technique

[0002] Friction stir welding is a solid-phase connection technology. The heat generated by the high-speed rotation of the welding tool and the workpiece friction makes the welded material locally melted. When the welding tool moves forward along the welding interface, the plasticized material flows from the front of the welding tool to the back under the action of the rotational friction force of the welding tool, and a dense solid-phase weld seam is formed under the extrusion of the welding tool. As described in the existing friction stir welding tool with the patent number "CN116408532B", the friction additive and friction stir welding are realized by using the spindle system. The shaft head of the spindle system provides torque for the base material raw material, and the base material raw material rotates while pressing down to complete the additive process.

[0003] The stirring head is the main heat source during the friction stir welding process and is also the part with the highest temperature during welding. Its material is mostly steel. When welding high-temperature metals such as steel, copper alloy, and titanium alloy or high-strength aluminum alloy, due to the long-term operation of the stirring head in a high-temperature environment, its strength and service life will be greatly reduced. In addition, when performing friction stir welding operations on dissimilar metals such as aluminum and copper, and aluminum and magnesium, the temperature during the welding process will always affect the formation of the weld seam, the joint strength, and the generation of intermetallic compounds. Excessive temperature will lead to the generation of a large amount of intermetallic compounds, thus deteriorating the joint performance, so it needs to be solved urgently. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] In order to avoid and overcome the technical problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a detachable internal cooling type friction stir welding tool. The utility model can effectively reduce the temperature of the stirring head during welding, increase the service life of the stirring head, inhibit the generation of intermetallic compounds during welding, and improve the joint performance.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A detachable internal cooling type friction stir welding tool includes a hollow mandrel and a static water sleeve coaxially sleeved outside the mandrel. The static water sleeve is coaxially rotatably matched with the mandrel; one end of the mandrel cavity is open, and a functional part is installed at the opening. Liquid inlet and liquid outlet are arranged on the mandrel. The liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet joint and the liquid outlet joint on the static water sleeve; a water dividing part that divides the shaft cavity into a liquid inlet cavity and a liquid outlet cavity is further arranged in the shaft cavity of the mandrel. After the cooling medium passes through the liquid inlet, the liquid inlet cavity, the functional part, and the liquid outlet cavity in sequence, it is discharged through the liquid outlet.

[0007] As a further solution of the present utility model: The liquid inlet of the mandrel is located between the liquid outlet and the functional part. In a top-down view, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the mandrel are circumferentially offset on the mandrel; the water distribution member is a water distribution plate, which includes a partition plate and a flow splitting plate. The cross-sectional size of the partition plate corresponds to that of the shaft cavity of the mandrel, and the partition plate is located between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the mandrel. The partition plate, the functional part and the shaft cavity of the mandrel enclose a cooling cavity. The flow splitting plate extends in the cooling cavity along the direction perpendicular to the body of the partition plate, dividing the cooling cavity into a U-shaped cavity. One side of the U-shaped cavity is the liquid inlet cavity, and the other side is the liquid outlet cavity. Drainage holes are provided on the side of the partition plate corresponding to the liquid outlet cavity.

[0008] As a further solution of the present utility model: The fixing bolt locks and fixes the water distribution plate on the inner wall of the mandrel along the radial direction of the mandrel.

[0009] As a further solution of the present utility model: The top and bottom of the static water sleeve are respectively provided with an upper installation cavity and a lower installation cavity arranged coaxially with the mandrel. An upper bearing and a lower bearing are respectively installed in the upper installation cavity and the lower installation cavity. After the upper bearing and the lower bearing are cooperated, the mandrel is supported and positioned at two points.

[0010] As a further solution of the present utility model: An upper positioning groove is coaxially provided in the upper installation cavity, and the diameter of the upper positioning groove corresponds to the diameter of the upper bearing; the outer ring of the upper bearing abuts and cooperates with the upper positioning groove from top to bottom, and a positioning ring is coaxially convexly provided on the outer ring of the mandrel. The positioning ring of the mandrel abuts and cooperates with the inner ring of the upper bearing from top to bottom.

[0011] As a further solution of the present utility model: A lower positioning groove is coaxially provided in the lower installation cavity, and the diameter of the lower positioning groove corresponds to the diameter of the lower bearing; the outer ring of the lower bearing abuts and cooperates with the lower positioning groove from bottom to top, and the shaft shoulder of the mandrel abuts and cooperates with the inner ring of the lower bearing from bottom to top.

[0012] As a further solution of the present utility model: A ring-shaped clamping groove is coaxially provided on the mandrel, and a snap ring is installed in the clamping groove. The snap ring is arranged below the lower bearing so as to be arranged at a height offset, and there is an intersection between the projection of the inner ring of the lower bearing in the vertical direction and the snap ring.

[0013] As a further solution of the present utility model: An annular water inlet groove and an annular water outlet groove are circumferentially provided on the inner ring of the static water sleeve. The liquid inlet joint is communicated with the liquid inlet of the mandrel through the annular water inlet groove, and the liquid outlet joint is communicated with the liquid outlet of the mandrel through the annular water outlet groove; both the liquid inlet joint and the liquid outlet joint are threadedly fitted and fixed with the static water sleeve along the radial direction of the mandrel.

[0014] As a further solution of the present utility model: there is an annular gap between the mandrel and the static water sleeve, and a first sealing ring, a second sealing ring and a third sealing ring arranged with staggered heights are installed in the annular gap; the first sealing ring is located between the annular water inlet groove and the annular water outlet groove, the second sealing ring is located between the annular water inlet groove and the lower installation cavity, and the third sealing ring is located between the upper installation cavity and the outlet of the annular water outlet groove.

[0015] As a further solution of the present utility model: the functional part and the mandrel form a detachable fit, and a sealing ring is arranged at the contact surface between the functional part and the mandrel; one end of the mandrel away from the functional part is in a closed state.

[0016] As a further solution of the present utility model: the functional part includes a shaft shoulder and a stirring needle, and a cooling flow channel is axially arranged in the functional part, and the cooling flow channel is communicated with the liquid inlet cavity and the liquid outlet cavity.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0018] 1. The shaft cavity of the mandrel of the present utility model is set to be hollow. After introducing a cooling medium into the shaft cavity, the cooling medium is guided to the functional part by the water distribution plate and then discharged outward, which can effectively reduce the temperature of the stirring head during the welding process, increase the service life of the stirring head, inhibit the generation of intermetallic compounds during the welding process, and improve the joint performance.

[0019] 2. The partition plate of the water distribution plate of the present utility model and the functional part and the shaft cavity of the mandrel enclose a cooling cavity for the cooling medium to flow; the cooling cavity is changed into a U-shaped cavity by being separated by the flow dividing plate. After the cooling medium enters the cooling cavity, it reaches the functional part along one side plate body of the flow dividing plate and directly cools the functional part, and then flows out through the drain hole on the partition plate along the other side plate body of the flow dividing plate, greatly improving the cooling efficiency of the functional part.

[0020] 3. The mandrel of the present utility model is two-point positioned by two groups of bearings, so as to rotate coaxially with the static water sleeve; the arrangement of multiple sealing rings on the outer ring of the mandrel avoids the leakage of the cooling medium between different regions; the arrangement of the installation cavities at the upper and lower end faces of the outer shell allows the corresponding bearings to be directly placed from the opening of the installation cavity and be installed in place after abutting against the bottom surface of the positioning groove of the installation cavity.

[0021] 4. The bottom of the mandrel of the present utility model is provided with an annular clamping groove for installing a snap ring. The snap ring and the lower bearing are arranged with staggered heights, so that when the lower bearing accidentally falls off, the snap ring can support the lower bearing and play a safety protection effect; the liquid inlet joint and the liquid outlet joint are directly threadedly fitted and fixed with the static water sleeve, which is convenient for disassembly and installation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present utility model.

[0023] In the figure:

[0024] 1. Static water sleeve; 11. Plug; 12. Liquid inlet joint; 13. Liquid outlet joint;

[0025] 14. Upper installation cavity; 141. Upper positioning groove; 142. Upper bearing;

[0026] 15. Lower installation cavity; 151. Lower positioning groove; 152. Lower bearing;

[0027] 16. Annular water inlet groove; 17. Annular water outlet groove;

[0028] 2. Mandrel; 21. Card slot; 22. Snap ring;

[0029] 23. First sealing ring; 24. Second sealing ring; 25. Third sealing ring; 3. Functional part;

[0030] 4. Water distribution plate; 41. Partition board; 42. Drainage hole; 43. Flow dividing plate; 44. Fixing bolt. Detailed implementation mode

[0031] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 , in the embodiment of the present invention, a detachable internal cooling friction stir welding tool includes a static water sleeve 1 with a hollow interior. An installation channel is provided at the axis of the static water sleeve 1 for the mandrel 2 to pass through. The top opening of the static water sleeve 1 forms an upper installation cavity 14, and the bottom opening of the static water sleeve 1 forms a lower installation cavity 15. The upper installation cavity 14 and the lower installation cavity 15 are coaxially arranged with the mandrel 2.

[0033] An upper positioning groove 141 is coaxially provided on the cavity wall of the upper installation cavity 14, and a lower positioning groove 151 is coaxially provided on the cavity wall of the lower installation cavity 15.

[0034] The upper bearing 142 is installed in the upper positioning groove 141 from top to bottom, and the diameter of the upper bearing 142 corresponds to the diameter of the upper installation cavity 14. The outer ring of the upper bearing 142 abuts against the bottom surface of the upper positioning groove 141 from top to bottom. A positioning ring is coaxially convex on the outer ring of the mandrel 2, and the positioning ring of the mandrel 2 abuts against and cooperates with the inner ring of the upper bearing 142 from top to bottom.

[0035] The lower bearing 152 is installed from bottom to top in the lower positioning groove 151, and the diameter of the lower bearing 152 corresponds to the diameter of the lower installation cavity 15. The outer ring of the lower bearing 152 abuts against the bottom surface of the lower positioning groove 151 from bottom to top, and a shoulder is provided on the mandrel 2. The shoulder of the mandrel 2 abuts against the inner ring of the lower bearing 152 from bottom to top.

[0036] A ring-shaped clamping groove 21 is coaxially provided on the mandrel 2, and a snap ring 22 is installed in the clamping groove 21. The snap ring 22 is arranged below the lower bearing 152 so as to be arranged with a height offset. There is an intersection between the projection of the inner ring of the lower bearing 152 in the vertical direction and the snap ring 22. The snap ring 22 is used to prevent the lower bearing 152 from falling and plays a supporting role.

[0037] After the mandrel 2 passes through the installation channel in the static water sleeve 1 from top to bottom, it is clamped and positioned by the upper bearing 142 and the lower bearing 152 in a two-point manner. The functional part 3 is coaxially fixed to the bottom of the mandrel 2 and forms a detachable fit and fixation with the mandrel 2. A sealing ring is provided at the contact surface between the functional part 3 and the mandrel 2 to prevent the cooling medium from flowing out. The functional part 3 includes a shoulder and a stirring needle. When the stirring needle is damaged or different stirring needles or shoulders need to be used, the functional part 3 can be replaced to meet different requirements.

[0038] Annular water outlet grooves 17 and annular water inlet grooves 16 with a height offset are circumferentially provided in the static water sleeve 1. The annular water outlet grooves 17 are located above the annular water inlet grooves 16. Liquid inlet ports and liquid outlet ports corresponding to the positions of the annular water inlet grooves 16 and the annular water outlet grooves 17 are provided on the mandrel 2. The liquid inlet joint 12 and the liquid outlet joint 13 are screwed and fixed to the static water sleeve 1 in a threaded fit along the radial direction of the mandrel 2, so as to be communicated with the liquid inlet port and the liquid outlet port respectively.

[0039] Installation grooves at different heights are coaxially provided on the outer circle of the mandrel 2 for installing sealing rings. The sealing rings include a first sealing ring 23, a second sealing ring 24, and a third sealing ring 25; the first sealing ring 23 is located between the annular water inlet groove 16 and the annular water outlet groove 17, the second sealing ring 24 is located between the annular water inlet groove 16 and the lower installation cavity 15, and the third sealing ring 25 is located between the upper installation cavity 14 and the outlet of the annular water outlet groove 17. Each sealing ring is used to prevent the coolant from leaking along the gap between the mandrel 2 and the static water sleeve 1, and each sealing ring is preferably a Gleitring.

[0040] In order to direct the coolant to the functional part 3, a water distribution plate 4 is further provided inside the mandrel 2. The vertical section of the water distribution plate 4 is in a T shape, including a horizontally arranged partition plate 41 and a vertically arranged flow dividing plate 43. Among them, the partition plate 41 corresponds to the axial cavity size of the mandrel 2, the size of the partition plate 41 corresponds to the cross-sectional size of the mandrel 2, and the partition plate 41, the functional part 3 and the axial cavity of the mandrel 2 cooperate to enclose a cooling cavity for the coolant to flow. The flow dividing plate 43 extends from the body of the partition plate 41 towards the functional part 3, and there is a gap between the end of the flow dividing plate 43 and the functional part 3. Through the partition of the flow dividing plate 43, the cooling cavity is arranged in a U shape. After the coolant enters the cooling cavity, it reaches the functional part 3 along one side of the body of the flow dividing plate 43, and then flows out through the drain hole 42 on the partition plate 41 along the other side of the body of the flow dividing plate 43.

[0041] For functional parts 3 with different structures, cooling channels can be axially opened in each functional part 3. The cooling channels are communicated with the cooling cavity to guide the coolant in the cooling cavity to the inside of the functional part 3 to further improve the cooling effect.

[0042] One end of the mandrel 2 away from the functional part 3 is closed by a plug 11. After the plug 11 is opened, the water distribution plate 4 can be placed into the axial cavity of the mandrel 2 through the opening of the mandrel 2 and locked and fixed on the inner wall of the mandrel 2 by fixing bolts 44. The fixing bolts 44 are inserted into the axial cavity of the mandrel 2 along the liquid inlet of the mandrel 2 and threadedly lock and fix the flow dividing plate 43 in the radial direction.

[0043] The basic principle of the present application has been described above in combination with specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, advantages, effects, etc. mentioned in the present application are only examples and not limitations. It cannot be considered that these advantages, advantages, effects, etc. are essential for each embodiment of the present application. In addition, the above disclosed specific details are only for the purpose of illustration and easy understanding, rather than limitations. The above details do not limit the present application to necessarily adopt the above specific details to implement.

[0044] The block diagrams of the devices, apparatuses, equipment, and systems involved in the present application are only illustrative examples and do not intend to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, and configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As those skilled in the art will recognize, these devices, apparatuses, equipment, and systems can be connected, arranged, and configured in any manner. Words such as "including", "comprising", "having", etc. are open-ended words, meaning "including but not limited to", and can be used interchangeably with each other. The words "or" and "and" used here refer to the word "and / or" and can be used interchangeably with each other unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The word "such as" used here refers to the phrase "such as but not limited to" and can be used interchangeably with each other.

Claims

1. A detachable internally cooled friction stir welding tool, characterized in that: The invention comprises a hollow mandrel (2) and a hydrostatic sleeve (1) coaxially sleeved on the outer ring of the mandrel (2), wherein the hydrostatic sleeve (1) and the mandrel (2) are coaxially rotatably matched; one end of the mandrel (2) axial cavity is open, and a functional part (3) is installed at the opening; a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are provided on the mandrel (2), and the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are respectively connected to a liquid inlet joint (12) and a liquid outlet joint (13) on the hydrostatic sleeve (1); a water dividing piece is also provided in the axial cavity of the mandrel (2) to divide the axial cavity into a liquid inlet cavity and a liquid outlet cavity; the cooling medium passes through the liquid inlet, the liquid inlet cavity, the functional part (3), and the liquid outlet cavity in sequence, and is discharged through the liquid outlet.

2. The detachable internally cooled friction stir welding tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet of the mandrel (2) is located between the liquid outlet and the functional part (3); in a top view, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the mandrel (2) are staggered in the circumferential direction of the mandrel (2); the water dividing member is a water dividing plate (4); the water dividing plate (4) comprises a partition (41) and a diverter plate (43); the partition (41) corresponds to the cross-sectional size of the axial cavity of the mandrel (2); the partition (41) is located between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the mandrel (2); the partition (41), the functional part (3) and the axial cavity of the mandrel (2) enclose a cooling cavity; the diverter plate (43) extends in the cooling cavity along a plate body direction perpendicular to the partition (41) to divide the cooling cavity into a U-shaped cavity; one side of the U-shaped cavity is the liquid inlet cavity and the other side is the liquid outlet cavity; a drainage hole (42) is provided on the side of the partition (41) corresponding to the liquid outlet cavity.

3. The detachable internally cooled friction stir welding tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing bolts (44) lock and fix the water distribution plate (4) on the inner wall of the core shaft (2) along the radial direction of the core shaft (2).

4. A detachable internally cooled friction stir welding tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The top and bottom of the hydrostatic jacket (1) are respectively provided with an upper mounting cavity (14) and a lower mounting cavity (15) which are coaxially arranged with the core shaft (2); an upper bearing (142) and a lower bearing (152) are respectively installed in the upper mounting cavity (14) and the lower mounting cavity (15); the upper bearing (142) and the lower bearing (152) cooperate to support and position the core shaft (2) at two points.

5. The detachable internally cooled friction stir welding tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: An upper positioning groove (141) is coaxially provided in the upper installation cavity (14), and the diameter of the upper positioning groove (141) corresponds to the diameter of the upper bearing (142); the outer ring of the upper bearing (142) abuts against the upper positioning groove (141) from top to bottom, and a positioning ring is coaxially convexly provided on the outer ring of the core shaft (2), and the positioning ring of the core shaft (2) abuts against the inner ring of the upper bearing (142) from top to bottom.

6. The detachable internally cooled friction stir welding tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: A lower positioning groove (151) is coaxially provided in the lower installation cavity (15), and the diameter of the lower positioning groove (151) corresponds to the diameter of the lower bearing (152); the outer ring of the lower bearing (152) abuts against the lower positioning groove (151) from bottom to top, and the shaft shoulder of the core shaft (2) abuts against the inner ring of the lower bearing (152) from bottom to top.

7. The detachable internally cooled friction stir welding tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: An annular groove (21) is coaxially formed on the core shaft (2), a retaining spring (22) is installed in the groove (21), and the retaining spring (22) is arranged below the lower bearing (152) so as to be staggered in height, and a projection of the inner ring of the lower bearing (152) in the vertical direction intersects with the retaining spring (22).

8. A detachable internally cooled friction stir welding tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: An annular water inlet groove (16) and an annular water outlet groove (17) are provided on the inner ring of the hydrostatic sleeve (1) along the circumferential direction; the liquid inlet joint (12) is connected to the liquid inlet of the core shaft (2) through the annular water inlet groove (16); the liquid outlet joint (13) is connected to the liquid outlet of the core shaft (2) through the annular water outlet groove (17); the liquid inlet joint (12) and the liquid outlet joint (13) are both threadedly matched and fixed to the hydrostatic sleeve (1) along the radial direction of the core shaft (2).

9. The detachable internally cooled friction stir welding tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: An annular gap exists between the core shaft (2) and the hydrostatic sleeve (1), and a first sealing ring (23), a second sealing ring (24) and a third sealing ring (25) arranged at different heights are installed in the annular gap; the first sealing ring (23) is located between the annular water inlet groove (16) and the annular water outlet groove (17), the second sealing ring (24) is located between the annular water inlet groove (16) and the lower installation cavity (15), and the third sealing ring (25) is located between the upper installation cavity (14) and the outlet of the annular water outlet groove (17).

10. A detachable internally cooled friction stir welding tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The functional part (3) and the core shaft (2) form a detachable fit, and a sealing ring is provided at the contact surface between the functional part (3) and the core shaft (2); the end of the core shaft (2) away from the functional part (3) is in a closed state.

11. A detachable internally cooled friction stir welding tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The functional part (3) comprises a shaft shoulder and a stirring needle. A cooling flow channel is axially provided in the functional part (3), and the cooling flow channel is communicated with the liquid inlet cavity and the liquid outlet cavity.

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