Speed reducer and working machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, and discloses a speed reducer and an operating machine, the speed reducer comprises a shell, a brake, a primary planetary mechanism and a secondary planetary mechanism. The shell comprises a fixing seat with an inner cavity, and the brake is arranged in the inner cavity. The input end of the brake is used for being connected with the output end of an external input driver, and the output end is in transmission connection with the first-stage planetary mechanism. The second-stage planetary mechanism is in transmission connection with the first-stage planetary mechanism, the second-stage planetary mechanism comprises a second-stage planetary wheel, the fixing base is provided with a fixing column, and the second-stage planetary wheel is rotationally arranged on the fixing column. According to the arrangement, the cylinder body for containing the brake is formed in the inner cavity of the fixing base, the second-stage planet wheel is arranged on the fixing column, the fixing base serves as a second-stage planet carrier, and therefore the cylinder body and the second-stage planet carrier are integrated on the fixing base, the overall weight is reduced, the axial size is shortened, the overall structure is more compact, the manufacturability is further improved, and the production cost is reduced; product competitiveness can be improved, and meanwhile transmission performance is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of construction machinery, and particularly relates to a speed reducer and a working machine. Background Art

[0002] A speed reducer is an important mechanical device, and its main function is to convert the high-speed rotation at the input end into the low-speed rotation at the output end and increase the torque at the output end. This conversion is achieved through the movement of transmission components such as gears inside the speed reducer.

[0003] The speed reducer is widely used in construction machinery. Taking a crane as an example, the hoisting mechanism of the crane mainly includes a hydraulic motor or an electric motor, a speed reducer, and a drum. During the hoisting operation, the hydraulic motor or the electric motor drives the speed reducer to rotate. The output end of the speed reducer is connected to the drum, and then drives the rope on the drum to realize the lifting or lowering of heavy objects.

[0004] However, the applicant has found that there are at least the following defects in the related technology:

[0005] The overall length of the speed reducer is relatively long and the weight is relatively large, which causes an excessive load on the crane, and the cost of the speed reducer is relatively high, which is not conducive to improving the product competitiveness. Summary of the Utility Model

[0006] In view of this, the utility model provides a speed reducer and a working machine to solve the problems in the related technology that the overall length of the speed reducer is relatively long, the weight is relatively large, the cost is relatively high, and it is not conducive to improving the product competitiveness.

[0007] In a first aspect, the utility model provides a speed reducer, which includes a housing, a brake, a first-stage planetary mechanism, and a second-stage planetary mechanism.

[0008] The housing includes a fixed seat with an inner cavity. The brake is arranged in the inner cavity. The input end of the brake is used to connect the output end of an external input drive. The output end of the brake is in transmission connection with the first-stage planetary mechanism, and the second-stage planetary mechanism is in transmission connection with the first-stage planetary mechanism.

[0009] Wherein, the second-stage planetary mechanism includes second-stage planetary gears. The fixed seat is provided with fixed columns corresponding to the second-stage planetary gears, and the second-stage planetary gears are rotatably arranged on the fixed columns.

[0010] In an optional implementation manner, the housing further includes:

[0011] A first flange and a cylinder body connected to each other for connecting an external actuator. The first flange and the cylinder body are rotatably sleeved on the fixed seat, and along the axial direction of the fixed seat, the first flange and the cylinder body are arranged in sequence.

[0012] In an alternative embodiment, it further includes:

[0013] A sealing ring, sleeved on the fixed seat, and the sealing ring is arranged between the fixed seat and the first flange.

[0014] In an alternative embodiment, the sealing ring is a lip seal.

[0015] In an alternative embodiment, the first-stage planetary mechanism includes a first-stage internal gear ring, and the second-stage planetary mechanism further includes a second-stage internal gear ring. Both the first-stage internal gear ring and the second-stage internal gear ring are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body, and along the direction from the cylinder body away from the first flange to close to the first flange, the first-stage internal gear ring and the second-stage internal gear ring are arranged at intervals in sequence.

[0016] In an alternative embodiment, the first-stage planetary mechanism further includes a first-stage sun gear, first-stage planetary gears and a first-stage planetary carrier. The shaft of the first-stage sun gear is in transmission connection with the output end of the brake. The first-stage planetary gears are rotatably arranged on the first-stage planetary carrier, and the first-stage planetary gears are respectively meshed with the teeth of the first-stage sun gear and the first-stage internal gear ring;

[0017] The second-stage planetary mechanism further includes a second-stage sun gear. The first-stage planetary carrier is provided with a first through hole in a penetrating manner. The shaft of the second-stage sun gear is in spline connection with the first through hole. The second-stage planetary gears are respectively meshed with the teeth of the second-stage sun gear and the second-stage internal gear ring, and the second-stage sun gear is provided with a second through hole in a penetrating manner. The first-stage sun gear passes through the second through hole.

[0018] In an alternative embodiment, the brake includes:

[0019] A spline sleeve assembly, arranged in the inner cavity. The input end of the spline sleeve assembly is in transmission connection with the output end of the external input drive, and the output end is in spline connection with the shaft of the first-stage sun gear;

[0020] A piston, slidably sleeved on the spline sleeve assembly and moving along the axial direction of the spline sleeve assembly;

[0021] External friction plates and internal friction plates, sleeved on the spline sleeve assembly and abutted against the piston. The external friction plates and the internal friction plates are arranged alternately in sequence. The inner wall of the fixed seat is provided with a first clamping structure, and the external friction plates are clamped with the first clamping structure. The outer wall of the spline sleeve assembly is provided with a second clamping structure, and the internal friction plates are clamped with the second clamping structure;

[0022] A spring is provided at one end of the piston away from the outer friction plate. The spring is disposed in a blind hole, and the spring is configured to give the piston a tendency to press the outer friction plate and the inner friction plate together.

[0023] In an alternative embodiment, the spring includes a first spring and a second spring, and the first spring is sleeved outside the second spring.

[0024] In an alternative embodiment, it further includes:

[0025] An end cover is provided at one end of the cylinder away from the first flange and is connected to the cylinder; and / or,

[0026] A second flange is provided at one end of the fixed seat close to the input end of the brake and is connected to the fixed seat. The second flange is used to fix the external input drive.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present utility model further provides a working machine, including the speed reducer as described in any one of the above.

[0028] For the speed reducer provided by the present utility model, the inner cavity of the fixed seat forms a cylinder body for accommodating the brake, and the secondary planet gears are provided on the fixed column, so that the fixed seat acts as a secondary planet carrier, thereby integrating the cylinder body and the secondary planet carrier onto the fixed seat, greatly reducing the weight of the speed reducer, shortening the axial dimension, making the overall structure more compact, further improving the processability, reducing the production cost, being beneficial to enhancing the product competitiveness, and at the same time ensuring the transmission performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the speed reducer according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Explanation of the reference numerals:

[0032] 1. Piston; 2. Second flange; 3. First spring; 4. Fixed seat; 5. Retaining ring; 6. Second spring; 7. Sealing ring; 8. First bearing; 9. Second-stage planetary gear; 10. Second bearing; 11. First-stage planetary gear; 12. End cover; 13. Third bearing; 14. External friction plate; 15. Second-stage sun gear; 16. First wearing pad; 17. First-stage sun gear; 18. Second wearing pad; 19. First-stage planetary carrier; 20. Cylinder body; 21. Internal friction plate; 22. Locking nut; 23. First flange; 24. Spline sleeve assembly; 25. Spring baffle plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] In the related art, a speed reducer is applied to construction machinery. Taking a crane as an example, the speed reducer includes a brake, a first-stage planetary transmission mechanism, and a second-stage planetary transmission mechanism. Generally, the brake is an independent unit. A hydraulic motor or an electric motor is connected to the brake, the brake is connected to the first-stage planetary transmission mechanism, and the first-stage planetary transmission mechanism is connected to the second-stage planetary transmission mechanism. Finally, the output is transmitted to a drum to realize the lifting or lowering of a heavy object. Among them, the first-stage planetary transmission mechanism and the second-stage planetary transmission mechanism are respectively provided with their own planetary carriers. However, in this way, the overall length dimension of the speed reducer is relatively large, the weight of the speed reducer is increased, and the production cost is improved.

[0035] To solve or improve the problem that the overall length of the speed reducer in the related art is relatively long, the weight is relatively large, and the cost is relatively high, which is not conducive to improving the product competitiveness, an embodiment of the present invention provides a speed reducer and a working machine.

[0036] The following combines Figure 1 to describe the speed reducer and the working machine provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0037] According to an embodiment of the present invention, on the one hand, a speed reducer is provided, including a housing, a brake, a first-stage planetary mechanism, and a second-stage planetary mechanism. Specifically, as Figure 1As shown, the housing includes a fixed seat 4 with an inner cavity, and the brake is disposed in the inner cavity, thereby integrating the brake inside the speed reducer and using the fixed seat 4 as the mounting cylinder of the brake, making the structure more compact. The input end of the brake is used to connect to the output end of an external input drive, such as being connected to the output shaft of a hydraulic motor or an electric motor. The output end of the brake is drivingly connected to a first-stage planetary mechanism, and the second-stage planetary mechanism is drivingly connected to the first-stage planetary mechanism. Among them, the second-stage planetary mechanism includes a second-stage planetary gear 9, and the fixed seat 4 is provided with a fixed column corresponding to the second-stage planetary gear 9, and the second-stage planetary gear 9 is rotatably disposed on the fixed column. Specifically, the second-stage planetary gear 9 is rotatably disposed on the fixed column through a second bearing 10, so that the fixed seat 4 serves as the second-stage planet carrier for arranging the second-stage planetary gear 9.

[0038] With such an arrangement, the inner cavity of the fixed seat 4 forms a cylinder for accommodating the brake, and the second-stage planetary gear 9 is disposed on the fixed column, making the fixed seat 4 act as the second-stage planet carrier, thereby integrating the cylinder and the second-stage planet carrier onto the fixed seat 4, greatly reducing the weight of the speed reducer, shortening the axial dimension, making the overall structure more compact, further improving the processability, reducing the production cost, being beneficial to enhancing the product competitiveness, and at the same time ensuring the transmission performance.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present utility model, the housing further includes a first flange 23 and a cylinder 20 connected to each other. Specifically, the first flange 23 and the cylinder 20 serve as the output structure of the speed reducer and are used to connect to an external actuator, such as being connected to a drum, to drive the drum to rotate and realize the lifting or lowering of a heavy object. As Figure 1 shown, the first flange 23 and the cylinder 20 are rotatably sleeved on the fixed seat 4. And along the axial direction of the fixed seat 4, the first flange 23 and the cylinder 20 are arranged in sequence. Specifically, the cylinder 20 is connected to the first flange 23, and the first flange 23 is disposed on the fixed seat 4 through a first bearing 8, thereby enabling the first flange 23 and the cylinder 20 to rotate relative to the fixed seat 4.

[0040] With such an arrangement, using the first flange 23 and the cylinder 20 as the output structure, through the combined assembly of first flanges 23 and cylinders 20 with different sizes, the use requirements of different working conditions are met, facilitating modular production and the flexibility of assembly. It should be noted that taking the placement position of the speed reducer as shown in Figure 1 the figure, the left-right direction in the figure is the length direction referred to and the axial direction of the fixed seat 4.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present utility model, the speed reducer further includes a sealing ring 7, as Figure 1As shown, the sealing ring 7 is sleeved on the fixing seat 4, and the sealing ring 7 is arranged between the fixing seat 4 and the first flange 23. In this way, by installing the sealing ring 7, a sealed connection between the fixing seat 4 and the first flange 23 is achieved, preventing external impurities from entering the reducer, thereby extending the service life of the device.

[0042] In some embodiments of the utility model, the sealing ring 7 is a lip-shaped sealing ring. In this way, the lip-shaped sealing ring has good sealing performance and has a certain automatic compensation ability, which helps to maintain the sealing performance. By arranging a lip-shaped sealing ring, while ensuring the normal working condition of the main engine, the axial space can be shortened, the weight of the reducer can be reduced, the cost of the reducer can be reduced, and the cost competitiveness of the product can be improved. In addition, if Figure 1 As shown, in coordination with the sealing structure of a single lip seal, the left end of the fixed seat 4 can be optimized to a circular arc transition structure, replacing the labyrinth structure in the related art, simplifying the structure and facilitating processing. Moreover, in coordination with the split assembly design of the first flange 23 and the cylinder 20, it is convenient to adjust the overall axial size according to the size of the rotating shaft lip seal and the fixed seat 4, meeting the use conditions while making the reducer lighter.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the primary planetary mechanism includes a primary inner gear ring, and the secondary planetary mechanism also includes a secondary inner gear ring. Both the primary inner gear ring and the secondary inner gear ring are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder 20. And along the direction of the cylinder 20 away from the first flange 23 to the direction close to the first flange 23, that is, along Figure 1 From right to left in the figure, the primary inner gear ring and the secondary inner gear ring are arranged in sequence. In this way, the primary inner gear ring and the secondary inner gear ring are designed as an integral structure, which is easy to install and integrated into the inner wall of the cylinder 20, which can simplify the structure, reduce the axial size of the reducer, and further reduce the weight of the reducer, meeting the requirements of the lightweight design of the reducer. It should be noted that Figure 1 For the placement of the reducer shown in the figure, the left and right directions in the figure refer to the left and right directions.

[0044] In some embodiments of the utility model, the primary planetary mechanism further includes a primary sun gear 17, a primary planetary gear 11 and a primary planetary carrier 19. The axle of the primary sun gear 17 is drivingly connected to the output end of the brake, the primary planetary gear 11 is rotatably arranged on the primary planetary carrier 19, and the primary planetary gear 11 is respectively meshed with the gear teeth of the primary sun gear 17 and the primary inner gear ring. The secondary planetary mechanism further includes a secondary sun gear 15, the primary planetary carrier 19 is provided with a first through hole, the axle of the secondary sun gear 15 is spline-connected with the first through hole, the secondary planetary gear 9 is respectively meshed with the gear teeth of the secondary sun gear 15 and the secondary inner gear ring, and the secondary sun gear 15 is provided with a second through hole, and the primary sun gear 17 passes through the second through hole.

[0045] Specifically,Figure 1 As shown, a spline hole is provided at the right end of the brake, and a spline tooth adapted thereto is provided on the axle of the first-stage sun gear 17. The spline tooth is inserted into the spline hole at the right end of the brake so that the brake is drivingly connected to the first-stage planetary mechanism. The first-stage planetary gear 11 is rotatably arranged on the first-stage planetary carrier 19 through the third bearing 13, and the first-stage planetary gear 11 meshes with the teeth of both the first-stage internal gear ring and the first-stage sun gear 17. A first through hole is provided at the center of the first-stage planetary carrier 19, and the first through hole is a spline hole. A spline tooth adapted thereto is provided on the axle of the second-stage sun gear 15. The spline tooth is inserted into the first through hole at the center of the first-stage planetary carrier 19 so that the second-stage planetary mechanism is drivingly connected to the first-stage planetary mechanism. At the same time, a second through hole is provided at the center of the second-stage sun gear 15, and the second-stage sun gear 15 is sleeved on the first-stage sun gear 17. The second-stage planetary gear 9 is rotatably arranged on the fixed column of the fixed seat 4 through the second bearing 10, and the second-stage planetary gear 9 meshes with the teeth of both the second-stage internal gear ring and the second-stage sun gear 15. Both the first-stage internal gear ring and the second-stage internal gear ring are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body 20, and the first flange 23 is connected to the left end of the cylinder body 20. And the first flange 23 is sleeved on the fixed seat 4 through the first bearing 8. The left end of the first bearing 8 abuts against the shoulder, and a locking nut 22 is arranged at the right end.

[0046] With such an arrangement, during operation, when the brake is released, the hydraulic motor or the electric motor drives the first-stage planetary mechanism, the second-stage planetary mechanism, the cylinder body 20 and the first flange 23 to rotate. Finally, the cylinder body 20 and the first flange 23 output power to drive the drum arranged thereon to rotate for lifting operations. In addition, to enhance the operating stability of the planetary gear train mechanism and the compactness of the structure, there may be three first-stage planetary gears 11 evenly distributed on the first-stage planetary carrier 19 through the third bearing 13, and there may be four second-stage planetary gears 9 evenly distributed on the fixed column of the fixed seat 4 through the second bearing 10, wherein the second-stage planetary carrier is integrated on the fixed seat 4.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, the brake includes a spline sleeve assembly 24, a piston 1, an outer friction plate 14, an inner friction plate 21, and a spring. Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the fixed seat 4 serves as a cylinder block, and the spline sleeve assembly 24 is arranged in the inner cavity of the fixed seat 4. The input end of the spline sleeve assembly 24 is drivingly connected to the output end of the external input drive, and the output end of the spline sleeve assembly 24 is spline-connected to the axle of the first-stage sun gear 17. The piston 1 is slidably sleeved on the spline sleeve assembly 24 and moves axially along the spline sleeve assembly 24. It should be noted that in terms of the placement position of the speed reducer as shown Figure 1 in the figure, the left-right direction in the figure is the axial direction of the spline sleeve assembly 24.

[0048] The outer friction plate 14 and the inner friction plate 21 are sleeved on the spline sleeve assembly 24 and are abutted against the piston 1. The outer friction plates 14 and the inner friction plates 21 are arranged alternately in sequence. The inner wall of the fixed seat 4 is provided with a first clamping structure, and the outer friction plate 14 is clamped with the first clamping structure. The outer wall of the spline sleeve assembly 24 is provided with a second clamping structure, and the inner friction plate 21 is clamped with the second clamping structure. One end of the piston 1 away from the outer friction plate 14 is provided with a blind hole, and a spring is arranged in the blind hole. The spring is used to make the piston 1 have a movement tendency to press the outer friction plate 14 and the inner friction plate 21 tightly.

[0049] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the inner cavity of the fixed seat 4 is of a five-stage frustum cylinder structure, and the spline sleeve assembly 24 is arranged in the inner cavity of the fixed seat 4. Spline holes are respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the spline sleeve assembly 24. The output shaft of the hydraulic motor or the motor is inserted into the spline hole at the left end, and the shaft of the first sun gear 17 is inserted into the spline hole at the right end. The outer surface of the piston 1 is of a two-stage frustum cylinder structure and is located in the inner cavity of the fixed seat 4. An annular boss is arranged on the right end surface of the piston 1, and the annular boss abuts against the friction plate. A blind hole is arranged on the left end surface of the piston 1, and the spring is placed in the blind hole. And a spring baffle 25 is arranged at the left end of the piston 1, and the spring abuts against the spring baffle 25. A retaining ring 5 is arranged in the inner cavity of the fixed seat 4, and the retaining ring 5 is located at the left end of the spring baffle 25.

[0050] The inner surface of the right end of the fixed seat 4 is provided with a groove-shaped hole to form a first clamping structure. The outer friction plate 14 is an annular steel sheet with a central hole. The outer edge of the outer friction plate 14 is matched with the groove-shaped hole on the inner surface of the fixed seat 4, and the outer edge of the outer friction plate 14 is inserted into the groove-shaped hole. The outer surface of the right end of the spline sleeve assembly 24 is provided with external spline teeth to form a second clamping structure. The inner friction plate 21 is a toothed steel sheet, and the teeth are matched with the external spline teeth on the outer surface of the spline sleeve assembly 24. The inner friction plate 21 meshes with the external spline teeth on the outer surface of the spline sleeve assembly 24. The inner friction plates 21 and the outer friction plates 14 are alternately combined and arranged.

[0051] With such a setting, during operation, the output shaft of the hydraulic motor or the motor is inserted into the left spline hole of the spline sleeve assembly 24, and the hydraulic oil enters the brake through the oil delivery hole on the fixed seat 4, pushing the piston 1 to move leftward against the elastic force of the spring. At this time, the outer friction plate 14 and the inner friction plate 21 are in a loose state, and the braking is released. Thus, the hydraulic motor or the motor can drive the first planetary mechanism, the second planetary mechanism, the cylinder body 20 and the first flange 23 to rotate, and finally drive the reel to rotate for lifting operations.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figure 1As shown, the spring includes a first spring 3 and a second spring 6. The first spring 3 is sleeved outside the second spring 6, and they are jointly placed in a blind hole on the left end face of the piston 1. With such a setting, by using the large and small springs sleeved inside and outside, the design requirements of the braking torque can be ensured to meet the different working conditions of the main engine. It should be noted that the magnitude of the spring force can be specifically determined according to the magnitude of the braking torque.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, the speed reducer further includes an end cover 12 and / or a second flange 2. As Figure 1 shown, the end cover 12 is arranged at one end of the cylinder body 20 away from the first flange 23 and is connected to the cylinder body 20. The second flange 2 is arranged at one end of the fixed seat 4 close to the input end of the brake and is connected to the fixed seat 4. The second flange 2 is used to fix the external input drive.

[0054] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the end cover 12 is installed on the right end face of the cylinder body 20 through bolts, thereby closing the right end of the housing. A first wearing pad 16 is provided on the left end face of the end cover 12, and the right end face of the tooth part of the first sun gear 17 is in contact with the first wearing pad 16. And the speed reducer further includes a second wearing pad 18. The left end face of the tooth part of the first sun gear 17 is in contact with the right end face of the second wearing pad 18, and the right inner stop of the second sun gear 15 is in contact with the left end face of the second wearing pad 18.

[0055] As Figure 1 shown, the second flange 2 is located at the left end of the fixed seat 4 and is connected to the fixed seat 4 through an inner stop structure and bolts. Threaded holes are also provided on the second flange 2. By changing the positions of the threaded holes, it can be connected to hydraulic motors or motors of different models, thereby realizing the installation and fixation of the external input mechanism.

[0056] In summary, according to the embodiments of the present utility model, a speed reducer is provided, which includes a fixed seat, a brake, an internal gear ring, a flange, a rotary shaft lip seal, a bearing, a secondary planetary gear train, etc. Taking a hydraulic motor as an example, during operation, the hydraulic motor is connected to the second flange 2 by bolts, and the output shaft of the hydraulic motor is inserted into the left spline hole of the spline sleeve assembly 24. Hydraulic oil enters the brake through the oil delivery hole on the fixed seat 4, pushing the piston 1 to move to the left against the elastic forces of the first spring 3 and the second spring 6. At this time, the outer friction plate 14 and the inner friction plate 21 are in a loose state, and the braking is released. The output shaft of the hydraulic motor drives the spline sleeve assembly 24 to rotate, and the spline sleeve assembly 24 drives the first-stage planetary mechanism, the second-stage planetary mechanism, the cylinder body 20, and the first flange 23 to rotate. Finally, the cylinder body 20 and the first flange 23 drive the drum provided thereon to rotate for lifting operations. Since the above speed reducer optimizes the sealing device, integrates the secondary planetary carrier and the fixed seat 4 into one body, and at the same time flexibly combines the assembly of the cylinder body 20 and the first flange 23, compared with the related art, it is not only structurally compact and small in size, but also convenient for modular assembly, further improving the versatility and processability of the product, and meeting the lightweight design requirements.

[0057] According to the embodiments of the present utility model, on the other hand, a working machine is also provided. It can be understood that the working machine includes, but is not limited to, cranes, excavators, etc. Specifically, taking a crane as an example to illustrate this embodiment, the working machine includes the speed reducer in each of the above embodiments. With this arrangement, the inner cavity of the fixed seat 4 forms a cylinder body for accommodating the brake, and the secondary planetary gear 9 is provided on the fixed column, so that the fixed seat 4 serves as the secondary planetary carrier, thus integrating the cylinder body and the secondary planetary carrier onto the fixed seat 4, greatly reducing the weight of the speed reducer, shortening the axial dimension, making the overall structure more compact, further improving the processability, reducing the production cost, facilitating the improvement of product competitiveness, and at the same time ensuring the transmission performance. Therefore, as the tonnage of the crane increases, while requiring a large torque, it is possible to avoid excessive load caused by the large weight of the speed reducer, optimize the structure of the speed reducer, reduce the weight of the speed reducer, meet the requirements of cost reduction and quality improvement of the speed reducer, and improve the cost competitiveness of the product. The derivation process of this beneficial effect is roughly similar to that of the beneficial effect of the above speed reducer, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0058] Although the embodiments of the present utility model have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A reducer, characterized in that: It includes a housing, a brake, a primary planetary mechanism and a secondary planetary mechanism. The housing comprises a fixing seat (4) having an inner cavity, the brake is arranged in the inner cavity, the input end of the brake is used to connect to the output end of an external input drive, the output end of the brake is transmission-connected to the primary planetary mechanism, and the secondary planetary mechanism is transmission-connected to the primary planetary mechanism. The secondary planetary mechanism comprises a secondary planetary wheel (9), the fixing seat (4) is provided with a fixing column arranged corresponding to the secondary planetary wheel (9), and the secondary planetary wheel (9) is rotatably arranged on the fixing column.

2. The reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing further comprises: The first flange (23) and the cylinder (20) are connected to each other and are used to connect an external actuator. The first flange (23) and the cylinder (20) are rotatably sleeved on the fixed seat (4), and along the axial direction of the fixed seat (4), the first flange (23) and the cylinder (20) are arranged in sequence.

3. The reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: The sealing ring (7) is sleeved on the fixing seat (4), and the sealing ring (7) is arranged between the fixing seat (4) and the first flange (23).

4. The reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sealing ring (7) is a lip-shaped sealing ring.

5. The reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first-stage planetary mechanism comprises a first-stage internal gear ring, and the second-stage planetary mechanism further comprises a second-stage internal gear ring. Both the first-stage internal gear ring and the second-stage internal gear ring are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder (20), and are spaced apart in sequence along the direction from the cylinder (20) away from the first flange (23) to the direction close to the first flange (23).

6. The reducer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first-stage planetary mechanism further comprises a first-stage sun gear (17), a first-stage planetary gear (11) and a first-stage planetary carrier (19); the wheel shaft of the first-stage sun gear (17) is drivingly connected to the output end of the brake; the first-stage planetary gear (11) is rotatably arranged on the first-stage planetary carrier (19), and the first-stage planetary gear (11) is respectively meshed with the gear teeth of the first-stage sun gear (17) and the first-stage inner gear ring; The secondary planetary mechanism also includes a secondary sun gear (15), the primary planet carrier (19) is provided with a first through hole, the axle of the secondary sun gear (15) is spline-connected with the first through hole, the secondary planetary gear (9) is respectively meshed with the gear teeth of the secondary sun gear (15) and the secondary inner gear ring, and the secondary sun gear (15) is provided with a second through hole, and the primary sun gear (17) passes through the second through hole.

7. The reducer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The brake comprises: A spline sleeve assembly (24) is arranged in the inner cavity, the input end of the spline sleeve assembly (24) is drivingly connected to the output end of the external input drive, and the output end is spline-connected to the axle of the primary sun gear (17); A piston (1) is slidably sleeved on the spline sleeve assembly (24) and moves along the axial direction of the spline sleeve assembly (24); The outer friction plate (14) and the inner friction plate (21) are sleeved on the spline sleeve assembly (24) and abut against the piston (1). The outer friction plate (14) and the inner friction plate (21) are arranged alternately in sequence. The inner wall of the fixed seat (4) is provided with a first clamping structure. The outer friction plate (14) is clamped with the first clamping structure. The outer wall of the spline sleeve assembly (24) is provided with a second clamping structure. The inner friction plate (21) is clamped with the second clamping structure. A spring, a blind hole is provided at one end of the piston (1) away from the outer friction plate (14), the spring is arranged in the blind hole, and the spring is used to make the piston (1) have a movement tendency to press the outer friction plate (14) and the inner friction plate (21) tightly.

8. The reducer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spring comprises a first spring (3) and a second spring (6), wherein the first spring (3) is sleeved outside the second spring (6).

9. The reducer according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: Also includes: an end cover (12), which is disposed at an end of the cylinder (20) away from the first flange (23) and is connected to the cylinder (20); and / or, The second flange (2) is arranged at one end of the fixing seat (4) close to the input end of the brake and is connected to the fixing seat (4). The second flange (2) is used to fix the external input drive.

10. A working machine, characterized in that: It comprises the reducer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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